75:
142:. Priestesses of Hathor honored the goddess Hathor by shaking menat necklaces, which were made of a long, flat plate with a bulb at the bottom and many strands of stringed beads at the top. Early theorizations suggested paddle dolls were intended for noise-making or used as toys; however, it is probable that the paddle dolls would not have been able to withstand vigors shaking. This allows Egyptologists to rule out the idea that they were meant to be shaken to produce a sound.
19:
62:
other jewellery. The breasts and pubic triangle are painted on and Morris notes that "extraordinary prominence given to the pubic triangle" and "pubic triangles are the one constant in the iconic repertoire of the paddle dolls." They will often also have tattoos in diamond shapes, and in the forms of deities or animals. One such example is a frog found on the reverse side of a paddle doll now at the
135:
artifacts as fertility symbols placed in burials to guarantee eternal rebirth. The hypothesis stated the paddle dolls’ emphasis on feminine attributes such as the breast, hips, and pubic area symbolized the sexual aspects of regeneration. This hypothesis was formed solely on the shape of the artifact and had no research to support the claim.
134:
Many early theorizations regarding paddle dolls' uses have lost support as they relied on assumptions and interpretations, while the more recent studies linking paddle dolls to the Theban khener-troupe are supported by multiple lines of evidence and research. One discarded hypothesis identified the
113:
and Sole Royal
Ornament Amunet and the female bodies found in the same burial courtyard have been found on paddle dolls. The exact type of diamond-shaped configurations found on the body were discovered in the same regions (shoulders, thighs, and/or buttocks) of various paddle dolls excavated from
61:
Paddle dolls are made of thin pieces of wood which depict the torso of a woman with truncated arms and no legs. Thick "hair" is represented by small beads strung along string, which are often made from black mud. The necks often are adorned with collars, and the torso with a patterned textile or
117:
There are parallels between the outfits worn by the khener women and those depicted on paddle dolls. A thin beaded top that was known to be worn by the khener-troupe dancers has been witnessed on some paddle dolls. The most commonly found example is a checkerboard pattern that covers the public
105:
The location of where paddle dolls have been excavated serves as evidence to this claim. A large majority of paddle dolls have been found in Theban burials. The khener-troupe of performers were from Thebes, which is where the cult of Hathor was
125:, one of the most typical instruments used by khener-troupes in order to keep a rhythm. Additionally, the figurines were often discovered in groups that mirrored the composition of real troupes of musicians and dancers.
310:
Company of images: Modelling the imaginary world of Middle
Kingdom Egypt (2000-1500 BC): Proceedings of the international conference of the EPOCHS project held 18th-20th September 2014 at UCL, London
172:
Company of Images: Modelling the
Imaginary World of Middle Kingdom Egypt (2000-1500 BC): Proceedings of the International Conference of the EPOCHS Project Held 18th-20th September 2014 at UCL, London
308:
Morris, E. (2017). Middle
Kingdom clappers, dancers, birth magic, and the reinvention of ritual. In G. Miniaci, M. C. Betrò, & S. Quirke (Eds.),
29:
are a type of ancient
Egyptian female figurine that have been excavated from various tombs. Paddle dolls have been found in burials from the late
439:
63:
284:
400:
Pinch, G. Egyptian
Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Goddesses, and Traditions of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2004.
434:
122:
34:
444:
46:
50:
74:
86:
30:
449:
243:
Bourriau, Janine; Quirke, Stephen (1988). "Pharaohs and
Mortals: Egyptian Art in the Middle Kingdom".
110:
38:
351:
225:
45:, Sheikh Farag and Thebes. The period of their greatest popularity seems to have been the late
343:
217:
22:
The front of a Middle
Kingdom paddle doll dated approximately from 2030 B.C.E to 1802 B.C.E.
335:
369:
78:
The back of a Middle
Kingdom paddle doll dated approximately from 2030 B.C.E to 1802 B.C.E.
18:
258:
397:
Graves-Brown, C. Dancing for Hathor: Women in
Ancient Egypt. Bloomsbury Academic, 2010.
98:
428:
94:
82:
138:
Another claim argued that paddle dolls were intended for similar purposes as the
347:
221:
403:
Capel, A.K. and G.E.Markoe, eds.. Mistress of the House Mistress of Heaven.
89:
of singers and dancers that served at religious ceremonies for the goddess
414:(London, Dorling Kindersley in association with the British Museum, 1990.
85:
have determined that paddle dolls represent female members of the Theban
229:
205:
355:
285:"Egypt Centre Collection Blog: The Tattooed Lady of the Egypt Centre"
90:
323:
167:
339:
139:
73:
42:
17:
168:""Paddle Dolls" - Ritual Figurines of Fertility"
101:. This claim is supported by multiple lines of evidence.
210:Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt
8:
166:Hernández, Roberto A. Díaz (January 2017).
121:Paddle dolls were commonly excavated near
109:The same tattoos found on the body of the
407:New York : Hudson Hills Press, 1997.
328:Journal of the American Oriental Society
151:
99:royal mortuary cult at Deir el-Bahari
7:
417:Bourriau, J. Egyptians and Mortals.
199:
197:
195:
193:
191:
189:
187:
185:
183:
181:
161:
159:
157:
155:
419:Egyptian Art in the Middle Kingdom.
14:
421:Cambridge University Press, 1988.
370:"paddle doll | British Museum"
283:Griffin, Ken (22 April 2019).
206:"Paddle Dolls and Performance"
1:
93:and were perhaps appended by
324:"Votive Offerings to Hathor"
289:Egypt Centre Collection Blog
466:
245:Cambridge University Press
322:Pinch, Geraldine (1993).
204:Morris, Ellen F. (2011).
440:Egyptian artefact types
405:Women in Ancient Egypt.
312:(pp. 285–336). Peeters.
79:
37:from tombs in Asasif,
23:
77:
21:
435:Art of ancient Egypt
111:Priestess of Hathor
374:The British Museum
80:
35:Thirteenth Dynasty
24:
445:Traditional dolls
263:www.metmuseum.org
51:Twelfth Dynasties
457:
385:
384:
382:
380:
366:
360:
359:
319:
313:
306:
300:
299:
297:
295:
280:
274:
273:
271:
269:
255:
249:
248:
240:
234:
233:
201:
176:
175:
163:
41:, Naga el-Deir,
465:
464:
460:
459:
458:
456:
455:
454:
425:
424:
412:Ancient Egypt-2
394:
392:Further reading
389:
388:
378:
376:
368:
367:
363:
321:
320:
316:
307:
303:
293:
291:
282:
281:
277:
267:
265:
257:
256:
252:
242:
241:
237:
203:
202:
179:
165:
164:
153:
148:
140:menat necklaces
132:
130:Previous Claims
114:multiple tombs.
72:
59:
12:
11:
5:
463:
461:
453:
452:
447:
442:
437:
427:
426:
423:
422:
415:
408:
401:
398:
393:
390:
387:
386:
361:
340:10.2307/604800
314:
301:
275:
250:
235:
177:
150:
149:
147:
144:
131:
128:
127:
126:
119:
115:
107:
71:
68:
58:
55:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
462:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
430:
420:
416:
413:
409:
406:
402:
399:
396:
395:
391:
375:
371:
365:
362:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
318:
315:
311:
305:
302:
290:
286:
279:
276:
264:
260:
259:"Paddle Doll"
254:
251:
246:
239:
236:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
200:
198:
196:
194:
192:
190:
188:
186:
184:
182:
178:
173:
169:
162:
160:
158:
156:
152:
145:
143:
141:
136:
129:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
103:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
87:khener-troupe
84:
83:Egyptologists
76:
69:
67:
65:
56:
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:Sixth Dynasty
28:
20:
16:
450:Wooden dolls
418:
411:
404:
377:. Retrieved
373:
364:
331:
327:
317:
309:
304:
292:. Retrieved
288:
278:
266:. Retrieved
262:
253:
244:
238:
213:
209:
171:
137:
133:
81:
66:, Swansea.
64:Egypt Centre
60:
27:Paddle dolls
26:
25:
15:
268:19 November
39:Beni Hassan
429:Categories
379:7 December
334:(4): 569.
216:: 71–103.
174:: 125–132.
146:References
95:Nebhepetre
49:and early
410:Hart, G.
348:0003-0279
222:0065-9991
294:19 March
230:24555386
123:clappers
106:located.
70:Function
47:Eleventh
118:region.
97:to his
33:to the
356:604800
354:
346:
228:
220:
91:Hathor
352:JSTOR
226:JSTOR
43:Rifeh
381:2020
344:ISSN
296:2021
270:2020
218:ISSN
57:Form
336:doi
332:118
53:.
431::
372:.
350:.
342:.
330:.
326:.
287:.
261:.
224:.
214:47
212:.
208:.
180:^
170:.
154:^
383:.
358:.
338::
298:.
272:.
247:.
232:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
