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Urgon districts, the Andar and the largest single Ghilji sub-tribe, the
Sulaimankhel, who are the majority in northern and western areas of Paktika such as; Katawaz. After the great Ghilji rebellion in 1885–1886, led by Alam Khan Nasher, many members of the Ghilji tribe, such as; the Kharoti sub-tribe and particularly the Nasher clan were exiled from Loya Paktia (Paktia, Paktika and Khost) to Kunduz in the north by Amir Abdur Rahman Khan due to political reasons. They are predominantly a nomadic group unlike the Durranis who are usually found in permanent settlements. The Ghilji mostly work as herdsmen as well as construction workers and in other jobs that allow them to travel. Often possessing great mechanical aptitude, the Ghilji nonetheless have an extremely low literacy rate hovering below 10% in Afghanistan. The Ghilji regularly cross over between Afghanistan and Pakistan often being exempted from customs due to the acceptance of their nomadic traditions by officials from both countries. Population estimates vary, but they are most likely around 20% to 25% of the population of Afghanistan and probably number over 9 million in Afghanistan alone with 4 million or more found in The main
1601:
enemy indirect fire from their mortars set the US mortar pit on fire, and killed two Able
Company, 3rd Battalion 509th parachute Infantry regiment mortarmen, PFC Casillas and PFC Fairbairn. They were both returning fire on the 120 mm mortar. After the VBIED went off, multiple insurgents began maneuvering towards the outpost, some getting within 100 meters of the cop. Because the enemy was advancing so close to the outpost, the request for CAS was called in, but because of the DUSTWUN (large scale search) for PFC Bergdahl, (who went AWOL after abandoning his post only 100 km away from COP Zerok), air support was delayed. After intense fighting the US Paratroopers suppressed and killed most of the enemy, eventually gunships arrived and JDAMs were dropped on enemy targets.
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1534:"The U.S. firebase looks like a Wild West cavalry fort, ringed with coils of razor wire. A U.S. flag ripples above the 3-ft.-thick mud walls, and in the watchtower a guard scans the expanse of forested ridges, rising to 9,000 ft., that mark the border. When there's trouble, it usually comes from that direction."
367:
province of
Pakistan borders it the southeast. The Shinkay Hills run through the center of Paktika; Toba Kakar Range runs along the border with Pakistan. The Southern districts are intermittently irrigated and cultivated, the center and north are used primarily for rangeland. There are natural
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The overwhelming majority of
Paktika's population (around 99%) live in rural districts. The capital city, Sharana, has around 54,400 inhabitants. The majority of Pakikta's Districts have between 25,000 and 55,000 inhabitants. Only two districts, Nika and Turwo have less than 20,000 inhabitants, with
1869:
In
Afghanistan the Ghilji are scattered all over the country but mainly settled around the regions between Zabul and Kabul provinces. The Afghan province of Paktika is considered to be a heartland of the Ghilji tribe. Ghilji sub-tribes in Paktika include the Kharoti, especially in the Sar Hawza and
1689:. The province's development is considered "backwards" compared to the rest of the country but Engineer Hafizullah, head of provincial public works department claimed in 2013 that in the past few years, 154-kilometers roads had been constructed with 70 km having been constructed in 2013 alone.
1600:
On July 4, 2009, combat outpost Zerok in East
Paktika Province was attacked. The Haqqani network insurgents attacked the COP using mortars, accurate heavy machine gun fire, RPG fire, recoils rifles, and a 5000 lb Jingle Truck VBIED that destroyed the outpost's radio communication. The accurate
1622:
In
November 2011, an estimated 60 to 70 Taliban insurgents were killed in an abortive attack on a joint Afghan-ISAF base in the Margha area of Barmal. No international troops were killed or injured in the incident. It is believed the insurgents crossed over from neighboring FATA and Balochistan of
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was collaborating with
Taliban forces, and that the Taliban had effectively annexed eastern portions of the province. Jalali and many of his allied officials, were replaced and U.S. Special Forces were dispatched to fight the Taliban while the Pakistani forces fought with the Taliban's allies in
373:
Paktika, like many other areas of
Afghanistan, has been severely deforested. This has been a cause of devastating floods in recent years. The province is mainly hilly and interspersed with seasonal river valleys. In the north, the terrain gains elevation and becomes more rugged. In the west, the
1963:
The
Kharoti and Sulaimankhel tribes are traditional rivals, although they co-exist together in several districts. The larger, influential and more powerful Sulaimankhel have historically had the upper hand in this rivalry. The Wazir and Kharoti are sometimes involved in a land dispute in Barmal
1959:
The Sulaimankhel are one of the largest sub-tribes of the Ghilji Pashtuns. The Sulaimankhel tribe is mainly located in the southern and eastern portions of Afghanistan; however, they also have a strong presence in the northern and western portions of Afghanistan. The second largest Sulaimankhel
1593:
Governor's compound, two members of the Provincial Reconstruction Team, HMN Mark Retmier and CM1 Ross Toles, were killed due to rocket attacks. The mess hall on Forward Operating Base Sharana was named after CM1 Toles and the hospital was named after HMN Retmier.
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1459:
As one of the most remote provinces in Afghanistan and an area that saw much devastation in previous years, Paktika suffers from a severe lack of critical infrastructure. Reconstruction in the province after the fall of the
1777:
a little more than 15,000 apiece. Two of the least mountainous districts, Urgun and neighboring Barmal have nearly 90,000 inhabitants each. There are around 115,000 households, with eight members apiece, in the Province.
1665:, at least 500 people died, with a thousand others injured. Many houses constructed primarily of mud and wood were razed to the ground. Heavy rain and the earthquake contributed to landslides that destroyed entire
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1669:. The local clinic in Gayan, which had the capacity of only five patients, was also heavily damaged. Of the about 500 patients admitted to the clinic due to the earthquake, about 200 died. Three days later, an
68:
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Districts. The terrain in Omna becomes more hilly further east in proximity to Pakistan. The sparsely populated southern districts are also hilly, with descending elevation towards the south and west.
3695:
1509:, the provincial capital, to lead the development effort. The first full contingent of eight Civil Affairs Soldiers from the U.S. Army Reserve's 450th Civil Affairs Battalion (Airborne), based in
1542:, there is a constant low level of tribal violence, accompanied by criminal and Taliban activity. The last serious fighting in the province took place in 2004, amid reports that then-Governor
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1960:
population is located in Pakistan. Not only are they located in the province of Baluchistan and the North-West Frontier Province, but also located in Karachi and other parts of Pakistan.
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turned himself in to the Taliban on July 4, 2009, somewhere between OP Mest, near the town of Yahya Khel, and FOB Sharana. He was freed in a prisoner trade on May 31, 2014.
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The population is 88% Pashtun, with a Tajik minority living mainly in the district center and controlling a large proportion of the district's economy and service provision
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Note: "Predominantely" or "dominated" is interpreted as 99%, "majority" as 70%, "mixed" as 1/(number of ethnicities), "minority" as 30% and "few" or "some" as 1%.
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In late July 2011, foreign troops and Afghan special forces killed more than 50 insurgents during an operation in eastern Paktika to clear a training camp the
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Paktika is the southernmost part of a historical region known as Greater Paktia (Pashto: لویه پکتیا, Loya Paktia), that was once a unified province including
4194:
2796:"Afghanistan Live Updates: At Least 1,000 Killed in Earthquake, Official Media Says: The quake struck 28 miles southwest of the provincial capital of Khost"
478:
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842:
3040:, June 2004, profile compiled by the National Area-Based Development Programme (NABDP) of the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD)
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In the spring of 2012 the 172nd Infantry Brigade opened the first Afghan National Army/ US Joint Artillery Fire Base in the Orgun District.
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used for foreign fighters, NATO said. Disenfranchised insurgents told security forces where the camp was located, the coalition said.
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Pakistan. In a separate incident the governor of Sar Hawza district died in the same month after his vehicle struck a roadside bomb.
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and flows south, before turning southeast to the Pakistani border, forming the broad river valley that defines the topography of the
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As of 2021, the total population of the province is about 789,000, which is a multi-ethnic tribal society. According to the
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In the 1970s, the provincial capital of the largely undeveloped and remote province of Paktika was moved from the town of
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Paktika was the site of many battles during the Soviet occupation of the country and the lawless years that followed.
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to Sharana due to its proximity with the main highway, connecting it to the larger cities and commercial centres of
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While the province hasn't witnessed the outright fighting in the last few years that has affected provinces like
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winds its way through a small valley on its way back to Forward Operating Base Orgun-E from Combat Outpost Zerok
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and flows southwest to the Ghazni Province, forming a shallow river valley that dominates the topography in the
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Paktika needs more projects to develop infrastructure: Residents, By: Ali Mohammad Nazari, Date: 2013-09-09,
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2927:"Afghanistan Earthquake News Live Updates: A second earthquake hits eastern Afghanistan, five people killed"
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1939:
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http://www.elections.pajhwok.com/en/content/paktika-needs-more-projects-develop-infrastructure-residents
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2828:"Thousands of Afghanistan earthquake survivors remain without food and shelter despite aid coming in"
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Forward Operating Base Super FOB commander explaining the paving process for one of the streets of
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1472:. This is primarily due to the remoteness of the region and repeated attacks on aid workers and
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In early 2013 10th Mountain Division, 2–14th Infantry, Golden Dragons, took over FOB Zerok.
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1215:
852:
782:
488:
397:, which has a varied flow depending on season, runs from its origin in the mountains of the
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as they patrol the area to improve security and increase stability in the village of Rabat.
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2959:"Afghanistan: Aftershock claims five more lives in already-hit Gayan District, injures 11"
2005:
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3079:"Afghanistan's Dirty War: Why the Most Feared Man in Bermal District Is a U.S. Ally"
2743:
2729:
NY Post, American's last P.O.W of the Afghanistan, By Michael Gartland, May 31, 2014
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2832:
2659:"DefendAmerica News – New Provincial Reconstruction Team Opens in Paktika Province"
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Kearney Base became the nucleus of what is now Forward Operating Base Sharana.
77:(2002-2021) overlooks a valley from an observation post at Paktika province in
3888:
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3348:
2893:"Afghanistan hit with aftershock, adding to significant earthquake death toll"
1681:
As of May 2014, Paktika Province had regularly scheduled passenger flights to
1670:
1235:
1210:
1205:
862:
802:
657:
405:, before flowing east through Pakistan and eventually running to the powerful
1727:; and about 5,000 people speak some other languages. These are most probably
116:
103:
3547:
2962:
2010:
1758:
Local Afghans leaving the village of Rabat, hauling firewood in their pickup
1423:
1422:. The tribes that reside in this area were mentioned by the Greek historian
1175:
872:
618:
234:
229:
3132:
1608:
produced a TV special documenting the unit's takeover of the COP, entitled
343:
provinces to the north. The western border is shared with the provinces of
4460:
4423:
4219:
4159:
4036:
3868:
3784:
3759:
3691:
3582:
3562:
3063:'Destruction is Rebuilding, or: Fare thee well, population-centric COIN,'
2896:
2467:
2328:
2126:
1934:
1897:
1792:
1558:
A convoy with members of Task Force 2–28, 172nd Infantry Brigade and the
1514:
1438:
1195:
295:
290:, located in the eastern part of the country. Forming part of the larger
252:
2861:"Afghanistan quake: Gyan clinic with five beds for 500 injured patients"
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3416:
2510:
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1922:
1882:
1524:
firebase was composed of special operations forces. In an article from
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1397:
1190:
742:
310:
17:
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1950:
1878:
1785:
1724:
1498:
1426:, who called them the "Pactyans" as early as the 1st millennium BCE.
1407:
1230:
1185:
279:
3370:
2763:"Afghanistan earthquake live news: Hundreds killed in major tremor"
2577:. National Statistic and Information Authority (NSIA). April 2021.
2530:"د نږدې شلو ولایاتو لپاره نوي والیان او امنیې قوماندانان وټاکل شول"
3592:
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1971:
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1625:
1572:
1553:
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498:
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serves as the provincial capital, while the most populous city is
163:
2544:"په پکتیکا کې د پړاو پله د رغولو چارې پیل شوې – باختر خبری آژانس"
1581:, which will be the largest training and operations base for the
294:
region, Paktika has a population of about 789,000, mostly ethnic
3754:
3744:
3634:
2529:
1640:
Eight civilians including a pregnant woman and a baby died when
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border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is bordered by the
2865:
1802:
1566:
On 1 November 2004, a civil affairs convoy was ambushed near
4266:
Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World
3068:. Aan-afghanistan.com (2011-03-18). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
1604:
In 2010 the 101st Rakkasan air assault took over COP Zerok.
1673:
killed five persons and wounded 11 more in Gayan District.
1464:
has been slow compared to that in nearby provinces such as
2024:
100% Pashtun. Includes Barmal, Shkin & Margha Cities.
1653:
Paktika was one of the provinces most affected by the
1630:
Afghan Local Police and ANSF moving up a mountain pass
2685:"NATO kills 50 fighters, clears Afghan training camp"
1707:, the ethnic groups of the province are as follows:
368:
forests in Ziruk, Nika, Gayan, and Bermal districts
4132:
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4009:
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3950:
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46:
1735:. There is also a small Tajik community in Urgun.
1642:Polish soldiers shelled the village of Nangar Khel
2708:"Up to 70 Taliban dead as Afghan attack thwarted"
374:Rowd-e Lurah River originates in the mountainous
4496:Provinces of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
2794:Padshah, Safiullah; Ives, Mike (22 June 2022).
3105:"Afghanistan Geographic & Thematic Layers"
2269:Predominantely Pashtun, few Tajik and Hazara.
4336:
3650:
3386:
3148:
2572:"Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021–22"
1373:
8:
2738:
2736:
4225:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction
1837:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
359:agencies are to the east of Paktika, while
92:Map of Afghanistan with Paktika highlighted
4343:
4329:
4321:
3954:
3797:
3714:
3657:
3643:
3635:
3393:
3379:
3371:
3155:
3141:
3133:
3012:Program for Culture & Conflict Studies
1979:
1380:
1366:
416:
313:gained control of the province during the
283:
43:
1857:Learn how and when to remove this message
4022:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
3730:Operation Enduring Freedom participants
3033:
3031:
2636:. Iowanationalguard.com. Archived from
2521:
2485:
430:
419:
260:
240:
227:
206:
193:
168:
148:
131:
96:
84:
65:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
203:19,515 km (7,535 sq mi)
4259:Targeted Killing in International Law
4140:Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse
2409:100% Pashtun. Created in 2004 within
2384:100% Pashtun. Created in 2004 within
2290:100% Pashtun. Created in 2004 within
2111:100% Pashtun. Created in 2004 within
250:
219:
211:
198:
183:
173:
158:
7:
4358:
4305:
2744:"Afghanistan: Earthquake - Jun 2022"
1835:adding citations to reliable sources
4412:Federally Administered Tribal Areas
4351:Places adjacent to Paktika Province
2661:. Defendamerica.mil. Archived from
2161:Predominantely Pashtun, few Tajik.
2140:100% Pashtun. Sub-divided in 2004.
2683:Michelle Nichols (July 22, 2011).
2584:from the original on June 24, 2021
2342:100% Pashtun. Sub-divided in 2004
2318:Majority Pashtun, minority Tajik.
1530:, the U.S. base was described as:
1451:took place between 1983 and 1984.
25:
4190:Enhanced interrogation techniques
3986:Georgia Sustainment and Stability
3874:al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
2973:from the original on 24 June 2022
2939:from the original on 22 June 2022
2907:from the original on 24 June 2022
2873:from the original on 23 June 2022
2840:from the original on 25 June 2022
2808:from the original on 22 June 2022
2775:from the original on 22 June 2022
2634:"NEWS ADVISORY, November 1, 2004"
2610:. 27 October 2003. Archived from
4453:
4432:
4416:
4403:
4395:
4378:
4304:
4295:
4294:
4165:Combatant Status Review Tribunal
4114:President's Surveillance Program
4109:Military Commissions Act of 2009
4104:Military Commissions Act of 2006
4057:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
4032:Moro conflict in the Philippines
4027:Insurgency in the North Caucasus
3531:
3351:
3128:Tribal Map of Paktika on nps.edu
3085:. 4 October 2011. Archived from
2761:Marsi, Federica (22 June 2022).
1807:
1347:
1337:
1336:
441:
137:
86:
67:
3981:Georgia Train and Equip Program
2604:"Battle in "the Evilest Place""
2440:
4170:Criticism of the war on terror
4124:Terrorist Surveillance Program
3929:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
3682:War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)
2859:Hamedani, Ali (23 June 2022).
1791:Some tribes in Paktika may be
1742:Local Afghan children observe
1503:Provincial Reconstruction Team
1:
4433:
4379:
4205:Guantanamo Bay detention camp
3848:Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Bahaziq
3553:De Mulla Samandar Sahib Kelay
1517:, arrived in September 2004.
1479:In June 2004, members of the
331:Paktika sits adjacent to the
4404:
4396:
4180:Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri
4072:al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
3066:Afghanistan Analysts Network
2546:. Bakhtarnews.af. 2021-09-05
185: • Deputy Governor
4248:State Sponsors of Terrorism
4119:Protect America Act of 2007
1655:2022 Afghanistan earthquake
1648:U.S. Army PFC Bowe Bergdahl
1313:Hindu and Buddhist heritage
1123:Transitional Administration
693:Principality of Chaghaniyan
98:Coordinates (Capital):
4512:
4185:Killing of Osama bin Laden
4062:War in Somalia (2006–2009)
4017:Operation Active Endeavour
3038:Paktika provincial profile
1874:that live in Paktika are:
1780:Most of the Population is
1696:
1391:
1169:Related historical regions
324:
29:
4356:
4290:
4052:Terrorism in Saudi Arabia
4001:Drone strikes in Pakistan
3894:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami
3672:
3529:
3408:
3346:
3170:
3016:Naval Postgraduate School
2123:(Zarghun Shar or Katawaz)
1705:Naval Postgraduate School
1699:Demography of Afghanistan
469:Indus Valley civilisation
97:
85:
66:
57:
4491:Provinces of Afghanistan
4272:Unitary executive theory
3164:Provinces of Afghanistan
2706:AFP (November 9, 2011).
2506:Provinces of Afghanistan
1744:U.S. Army Special Forces
988:Principality of Qandahar
327:Geography of Afghanistan
288:provinces of Afghanistan
51:
30:Not to be confused with
4200:Extraordinary rendition
4195:Extrajudicial prisoners
1589:On Jun 18, 2008 in the
41:Province in Afghanistan
27:Province of Afghanistan
4235:Operation Eagle Assist
4155:Clash of Civilizations
3702:Symbolism of terrorism
1977:
1773:
1759:
1751:
1748:Afghan National Police
1631:
1586:
1563:
1394:History of Afghanistan
1354:Afghanistan portal
1291:List of heads of state
549:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
315:2021 Taliban offensive
224:40/km (100/sq mi)
4230:Operation Noble Eagle
4067:2007 Lebanon conflict
1976:Districts of Paktika.
1975:
1784:, and belongs to the
1765:
1757:
1741:
1697:Further information:
1629:
1576:
1557:
1392:Further information:
599:Indo-Parthian kingdom
579:Indo-Scythian kingdom
325:Further information:
175: • Governor
4047:Operation Linda Nchi
3991:OEF – Horn of Africa
3904:Islamic Courts Union
3853:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
3677:September 11 attacks
2614:on November 25, 2006
1831:improve this section
1657:on 22 June 2022. In
1583:Afghan National Army
1560:Afghan National Army
221: • Density
75:Afghan national flag
3089:on October 4, 2011.
1544:Muhammad Ali Jalali
1058:Democratic Republic
286:) is one of the 34
113: /
4277:Unlawful combatant
4210:Iranian Revolution
3996:OEF – Trans Sahara
3971:War in Afghanistan
3828:Jalaluddin Haqqani
3823:Sirajuddin Haqqani
3749:Iraqi Armed Forces
3359:Afghanistan portal
3005:"Paktika Province"
2932:The Indian Express
2801:The New York Times
2532:. 7 November 2021.
2292:Waza Khwa District
1978:
1774:
1760:
1752:
1632:
1587:
1564:
1261:Political violence
1068:Tanai coup attempt
703:Rashidun Caliphate
648:Hephthalite Empire
569:Indo-Greek kingdom
399:Sar Hawza District
237:(Afghanistan Time)
213: • Total
200: • Total
4473:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4318:
4317:
4215:Islamic terrorism
4080:
4079:
3976:OEF – Philippines
3946:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3899:Hizbul Mujahideen
3740:Northern Alliance
3632:
3631:
3368:
3367:
2482:
2481:
2411:Khairkot District
2386:Khairkot District
2113:Khairkot District
1942:(Gayan Khel Clan)
1867:
1866:
1859:
1390:
1389:
1281:Afghan (ethnonym)
1256:Political history
1160:
1159:
1008:Saqqawist Emirate
958:Sadozai Sultanate
911:
910:
697:7th–8th centuries
666:
665:
519:Macedonian Empire
509:Achaemenid Empire
479:Oxus civilization
273:
272:
16:(Redirected from
4503:
4486:Paktika Province
4459:
4457:
4456:
4436:
4435:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4407:
4406:
4401:Paktika Province
4399:
4398:
4382:
4381:
4359:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4322:
4308:
4307:
4298:
4297:
4253:Targeted killing
4042:Iraqi insurgency
3962:Enduring Freedom
3955:
3914:Jemaah Islamiyah
3909:Jaish-e-Mohammed
3798:
3715:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3636:
3624:Sharana Airstrip
3541:Populated places
3535:
3402:Paktika Province
3395:
3388:
3381:
3372:
3361:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3134:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3075:
3069:
3060:
3054:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3009:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2969:. 24 June 2022.
2967:Associated Press
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2935:. 24 June 2022.
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2903:. 24 June 2022.
2901:Associated Press
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2836:. 25 June 2022.
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2740:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2640:on July 21, 2011
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2576:
2568:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2493:
2490:
1980:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1811:
1803:
1687:Sharana Airstrip
1549:South Waziristan
1382:
1375:
1368:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1340:
1339:
1323:Muslim conquests
1308:Hinduism history
1271:Economic history
1155:
1133:Islamic Republic
924:
923:
853:Chagatai Khanate
679:
678:
619:Kidarite kingdom
489:Gandhara kingdom
465:
464:
445:
435:
417:
357:North Waziristan
353:South Waziristan
285:
189:Muhibullah Hamas
179:Abdullah Mukhtar
142:
141:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
106:
90:
71:
44:
21:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4469:
4454:
4452:
4417:
4415:
4408:
4390:Ghazni Province
4365:Paktia Province
4352:
4349:
4319:
4314:
4286:
4175:CIA black sites
4128:
4076:
4005:
3960:
3938:
3919:Lashkar-e-Taiba
3857:
3818:Anwar al-Awlaki
3813:Hamza bin Laden
3808:Osama bin Laden
3789:
3706:
3668:
3663:
3633:
3628:
3614:Barmal District
3597:
3536:
3527:
3419:
3404:
3399:
3369:
3364:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3344:
3166:
3161:
3124:
3119:
3110:
3108:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3061:
3057:
3048:
3044:
3036:
3029:
3020:
3018:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2990:
2986:
2976:
2974:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2876:
2874:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2843:
2841:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2742:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2668:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2643:
2641:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2558:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2502:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2487:
1996:
1970:
1863:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1828:
1812:
1801:
1767:Ethnolinguistic
1701:
1695:
1679:
1663:Barmal District
1617:Haqqani network
1585:when completed.
1457:
1404:
1386:
1348:
1346:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1250:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1170:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1148:Islamic Emirate
1088:Islamic Emirate
1048:Saur Revolution
921:
913:
912:
843:Mongol Invasion
817:before 879–1215
676:
668:
667:
609:Sasanian Empire
593:135 BC – 248 AD
559:Parthian Empire
529:Seleucid Empire
462:
433:
426:
415:
329:
323:
247:
136:
121:
119:
115:
112:
107:
104:
102:
100:
99:
93:
81:
62:
53:
50:
49:
42:
39:
32:Paktia Province
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4509:
4507:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4478:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4446:
4444:Zabul Province
4440:
4439:
4437:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4409:
4394:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:Khost Province
4367:
4362:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4325:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4302:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4241:Situation Room
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4095:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3838:Khalil Haqqani
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3775:European Union
3772:
3767:
3765:United Kingdom
3762:
3757:
3752:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3689:
3679:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3639:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3375:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3123:
3122:External links
3120:
3118:
3117:
3092:
3070:
3055:
3042:
3027:
2996:
2984:
2950:
2918:
2884:
2851:
2819:
2786:
2753:
2750:. 9 July 2022.
2732:
2721:
2698:
2675:
2650:
2625:
2595:
2556:
2535:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2447:
2439:
2438:
2437:100% Pashtun.
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2363:100% Pashtun.
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2245:100% Pashtun.
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2224:100% Pashtun.
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2203:100% Pashtun.
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2182:100% Pashtun.
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2117:
2116:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2090:100% Pashtun.
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2066:100% Pashtun.
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2045:100% Pashtun.
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1969:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1948:
1943:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1872:Pashtun tribes
1865:
1864:
1815:
1813:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1694:
1691:
1678:
1677:Transportation
1675:
1659:Gayan District
1591:Ziruk District
1579:Camp Super FOB
1536:
1535:
1511:Riverdale Park
1497:Soldiers from
1488:National Guard
1456:
1455:Recent history
1453:
1449:Siege of Urgun
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1344:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1318:Jewish history
1315:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:Related topics
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1172:
1171:
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1167:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1000:
994:
993:
990:
984:
983:
980:
978:Durrani Empire
974:
973:
970:
964:
963:
960:
954:
953:
950:
944:
943:
940:
934:
933:
930:
922:
919:
918:
915:
914:
909:
908:
905:
899:
898:
895:
889:
888:
885:
879:
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875:
869:
868:
865:
859:
858:
855:
849:
848:
845:
839:
838:
835:
829:
828:
825:
819:
818:
815:
809:
808:
805:
799:
798:
795:
789:
788:
785:
779:
778:
775:
769:
768:
765:
759:
758:
755:
749:
748:
745:
739:
738:
735:
729:
728:
725:
723:Tibetan Empire
719:
718:
715:
709:
708:
705:
699:
698:
695:
689:
688:
685:
677:
674:
673:
670:
669:
664:
663:
660:
654:
653:
650:
644:
643:
640:
634:
633:
631:
625:
624:
621:
615:
614:
611:
605:
604:
603:20 BC – 50? AD
601:
595:
594:
591:
585:
584:
581:
575:
574:
571:
565:
564:
561:
555:
554:
551:
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541:
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531:
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491:
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463:
458:
457:
454:
453:
447:
446:
438:
437:
428:
427:
420:
414:
411:
403:Gomal District
322:
319:
298:. The town of
271:
270:
265:
263:Main languages
259:
258:
255:
249:
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4150:Bush Doctrine
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4125:
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4098:Torture Memos
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3770:United States
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3694:(2003–2011) (
3693:
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3666:War on terror
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3280:Maidan Wardak
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3100:Andrew Ross (
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2748:reliefweb.int
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2665:on 2014-01-05
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2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1981:
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1961:
1953:(Menzai Clan)
1952:
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1816:This section
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1547:neighbouring
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1529:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
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1496:
1495:Civil Affairs
1493:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1477:
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1471:
1467:
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1454:
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1450:
1445:
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1437:, Ghazni and
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:and parts of
1413:
1409:
1403:
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1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1298:
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1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:List of years
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
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1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
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1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Paropamisadae
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
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1126:
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1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:Islamic State
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1078:Islamic State
1076:
1075:
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1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1046:
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1039:
1036:
1035:
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1021:
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1016:
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1005:
1001:
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996:
995:
991:
989:
986:
985:
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979:
976:
975:
971:
969:
968:Afsharid Iran
966:
965:
961:
959:
956:
955:
951:
949:
948:Hotak dynasty
946:
945:
941:
939:
936:
935:
931:
929:
926:
925:
917:
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906:
904:
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622:
620:
617:
616:
612:
610:
607:
606:
602:
600:
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596:
592:
590:
589:Kushan Empire
587:
586:
582:
580:
577:
576:
572:
570:
567:
566:
563:247 BC–224 AD
562:
560:
557:
556:
552:
550:
547:
546:
542:
540:
539:Maurya Empire
537:
536:
532:
530:
527:
526:
522:
520:
517:
516:
512:
510:
507:
506:
502:
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499:Median Empire
497:
496:
492:
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477:
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467:
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429:
424:
418:
412:
410:
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404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Omna District
371:
370:
366:
362:
361:Zhob District
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
328:
320:
318:
316:
312:
309:In 2021, the
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
281:
277:
269:
266:
264:
256:
254:
253:ISO 3166 code
244:
236:
233:
231:
223:
215:
202:
190:
187:
180:
177:
165:
162:
155:
152:
145:
140:
135:
126:
117:32.5°N 68.8°E
89:
80:
76:
70:
61:
56:
45:
37:
33:
19:
4400:
4264:
4257:
4240:
4145:Axis of evil
3961:
3833:Anas Haqqani
3711:Participants
3410:
3401:
3304:
3109:. Retrieved
3095:
3087:the original
3082:
3073:
3058:
3050:
3045:
3019:. Retrieved
3011:
2999:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2953:
2941:. Retrieved
2930:
2921:
2909:. Retrieved
2887:
2875:. Retrieved
2864:
2854:
2842:. Retrieved
2833:The New Arab
2831:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2799:
2789:
2777:. Retrieved
2766:
2756:
2747:
2724:
2712:. Retrieved
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2678:
2667:. Retrieved
2663:the original
2653:
2642:. Retrieved
2638:the original
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2612:the original
2607:
2598:
2586:. Retrieved
2548:. Retrieved
2538:
2524:
2488:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2443:
2442:
1989:Population
1962:
1958:
1909:Suleimankhel
1868:
1853:
1844:
1829:Please help
1817:
1790:
1782:Sunni Muslim
1779:
1775:
1702:
1693:Demographics
1680:
1652:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1588:
1578:
1565:
1537:
1525:
1519:
1501:establish a
1492:Army Reserve
1478:
1458:
1446:
1443:
1428:
1405:
1301:List of wars
1150:(reinstated)
1110:(reinstated)
483:2100–1800 BC
473:2200–1800 BC
392:
372:
330:
308:
275:
274:
160:Largest city
4449:Balochistan
4092:Patriot Act
3843:Hafiz Saeed
3801:Individuals
3780:Philippines
3735:Afghanistan
3718:Operational
3619:Gomal River
3588:Yahya Kheyl
3568:Nangar Khel
2714:November 9,
2474:, <0.1%
1894:Sulaimanzai
1771:Afghanistan
1402:Loya Paktia
1221:Kushanshahr
1098:US invasion
833:Khwarezmids
683:Kabul Shahi
638:Alchon Huns
493:1500–535 BC
434:Afghanistan
432:History of
407:Indus River
395:Gomal River
365:Balochistan
333:Durand Line
292:Loya Paktia
242:Postal code
144:Afghanistan
120: /
79:Afghanistan
36:Loya Paktia
4480:Categories
4243:photograph
3889:Boko Haram
3884:Al-Shabaab
3879:Abu Sayyaf
3696:Withdrawal
3686:Withdrawal
3175:Badakhshan
3111:2011-10-23
3021:2013-06-09
2768:Al Jazeera
2669:2011-10-23
2644:2011-10-23
2550:2022-03-23
2517:References
1964:District.
1888:Ibrahimzai
1769:groups of
1671:aftershock
1606:60 minutes
1236:Zabulistan
1211:Kafiristan
1206:Kabulistan
1028:Daoud coup
863:Qarlughids
803:Ghaznavids
713:Tang China
658:Nezak Huns
583:155–80? BC
553:256–125 BC
543:305–180 BC
533:312–150 BC
523:330–312 BC
513:550–330 BC
503:728–550 BC
208:Population
170:Government
122:32.5; 68.8
3959:Operation
3951:Conflicts
3609:Governors
3548:Angur Ada
3518:Yusufkhel
3513:Yahyakhel
3508:Wor Mamay
3478:Sar Hawza
3463:Mata Khan
3425:Districts
3325:Sar-e Pol
3285:Nangarhar
3107:. Fao.org
2963:Firstpost
2687:. Reuters
2394:Yusufkhel
2369:Yahyakhel
2348:Wor Mamay
2209:Sar Hawza
2146:Mata Khan
2011:Angur Ada
1983:District
1968:Districts
1818:does not
1610:COP Zerok
1424:Herodotus
1176:Arachosia
1142:2004–2021
1127:2001–2004
1092:1996–2001
1082:1992–1996
1062:1978–1992
1042:1973–1978
1022:1926–1973
1002:1823–1926
992:1818–1855
982:1747–1823
972:1738–1747
962:1716–1732
952:1709–1738
942:1510–1709
932:1501–1738
907:1520–1591
897:1370–1507
887:1245–1381
877:1256–1335
873:Ilkhanate
867:1224–1266
857:1226–1245
847:1219–1226
837:1215–1231
827:1037–1194
783:Saffarids
573:180–90 BC
384:Jani Khel
321:Geography
230:Time zone
4461:Pakistan
4424:Pakistan
4300:Category
4220:Islamism
4160:Cold War
4085:Policies
4037:Iraq War
3869:al-Qaeda
3862:Factions
3785:Ethiopia
3760:Pakistan
3692:Iraq War
3583:Wazakhwa
3563:Khairkot
3503:Wazakhwa
3458:Khairkot
3453:Janikhel
3320:Samangan
3310:Panjshir
3295:Nuristan
3245:Kandahar
3200:Daykundi
2971:Archived
2937:Archived
2905:Archived
2897:CBC News
2871:Archived
2838:Archived
2806:Archived
2773:Archived
2691:July 23,
2588:June 21,
2579:Archived
2500:See also
2468:Pashtuns
2329:Wazakhwa
2324:Wazakhwa
2127:Khairkot
2121:Khairkot
2096:Janikhel
1997:density
1986:Capital
1935:Karlanri
1919:Katawazy
1913:TanoKhel
1898:Jalalzai
1847:May 2017
1793:pastoral
1788:School.
1515:Maryland
1505:base in
1476:forces.
1439:Kandahar
1342:Category
1216:Khorasan
1196:Gandhara
1137:politics
1038:Republic
938:Safavids
893:Timurids
807:963–1187
793:Samanids
773:Tahirids
763:Abbasids
733:Umayyads
675:Medieval
451:Timeline
423:a series
421:Part of
380:Khairkot
296:Pashtuns
235:UTC+4:30
60:Province
4310:Commons
4133:Related
3924:Taliban
3794:Targets
3483:Sharana
3417:Sharana
3412:Capital
3335:Uruzgan
3305:Paktika
3270:Laghman
3235:Jowzjan
3225:Helmand
3185:Baghlan
3180:Badghis
2977:24 June
2943:24 June
2911:24 June
2877:23 June
2844:25 June
2812:22 June
2779:22 June
2511:Pakhtas
2476:Hazaras
2470:, 3.6%
2452:775,498
2444:Paktika
2256:Sharana
2251:Sharana
1923:Kharoti
1902:Alikhel
1883:Bettani
1839:removed
1824:sources
1729:Hazaras
1709:Pashtun
1667:hamlets
1540:Helmand
1507:Sharana
1490:helped
1462:Taliban
1398:Pakthas
1266:Culture
1191:Bactria
1119:Interim
1018:Kingdom
998:Emirate
928:Mughals
903:Arghuns
883:Kartids
823:Seljuks
813:Ghurids
797:875–999
787:863–900
777:821–873
767:750–821
757:750-977
747:680–870
743:Zunbils
737:661–750
727:660–842
717:660–669
707:652–661
687:565–879
662:484–711
652:410–557
642:380–560
623:320–465
613:230–651
460:Ancient
413:History
363:of the
311:Taliban
300:Sharana
276:Paktika
216:789,079
154:Sharana
150:Capital
133:Country
108:68°48′E
105:32°30′N
48:Paktika
18:Paktika
4458:
4421:
4100:(2002)
4094:(2001)
3488:Surobi
3433:Barmal
3330:Takhar
3315:Parwan
3300:Paktia
3290:Nimruz
3265:Kunduz
3250:Kapisa
3215:Ghazni
3210:Faryab
3195:Bamyan
2618:21 May
2472:Tajiks
2466:96.4%
2457:19,516
2428:39,415
2400:29,193
2375:29,771
2354:21,777
2333:46,647
2309:90,549
2281:11,266
2260:64,774
2236:38,855
2230:Surobi
2215:37,053
2194:23,811
2173:17,041
2152:27,189
2131:42,044
2102:36,873
2081:46.586
2057:47,848
2036:77,006
2015:78,351
2006:Barmal
2000:Notes
1951:Mahsud
1940:Zadran
1891:Alizai
1879:Ghilji
1799:Tribes
1786:Hanafi
1733:Baloch
1725:Uzbeks
1721:Pashai
1568:Surobi
1499:Oregon
1416:Ghazni
1408:Paktia
1400:, and
1231:Sistan
1186:Ariana
920:Modern
425:on the
386:, and
351:. The
345:Ghazni
341:Paktia
284:پکتیکا
280:Pashto
268:Pashto
257:AF-PKA
52:پکتیکا
4010:Other
3602:Other
3593:Zerok
3578:Urgun
3573:Shkin
3523:Zerok
3498:Urgun
3493:Terwa
3448:Gomal
3443:Gayan
3340:Zabul
3275:Logar
3260:Kunar
3255:Khost
3240:Kabul
3230:Herat
3205:Farah
3190:Balkh
3008:(PDF)
2710:. AFP
2582:(PDF)
2575:(PDF)
2424:Zerok
2419:Zerok
2357:3,052
2336:2,336
2305:Urgun
2300:Urgun
2284:1,034
2275:Terwa
2105:1,052
2084:4,108
2077:Shkin
2072:Gomal
2060:1,372
2051:Gayan
1992:Area
1946:Wazir
1928:Andar
1916:Toran
1905:Boran
1713:Tajik
1685:from
1683:Kabul
1522:Shkin
1470:Zabul
1466:Khost
1435:Kabul
1431:Urgun
1420:Logar
1412:Khost
1154:since
753:Lawik
349:Zabul
337:Khost
304:Urgun
164:Urgun
4282:CAGE
3755:NATO
3745:Iraq
3725:ISAF
3558:Dila
3473:Omna
3468:Nika
3438:Dila
3220:Ghor
3083:Time
2979:2022
2945:2022
2913:2022
2879:2022
2846:2022
2814:2022
2781:2022
2716:2011
2693:2011
2620:2010
2608:Time
2590:2021
2188:Omna
2167:Nika
2030:Dila
1995:Pop.
1822:any
1820:cite
1746:and
1717:Arab
1527:Time
1520:The
1485:Iowa
1483:and
1481:Utah
1474:NATO
1468:and
1447:The
1418:and
1296:Wars
1276:Name
1201:Iran
1181:Aria
1156:2021
1113:2001
1102:2001
1072:1990
1052:1978
1032:1973
1012:1929
393:The
388:Dila
355:and
347:and
339:and
246:24xx
195:Area
73:The
2866:BBC
2434:144
2431:274
2403:590
2378:321
2315:188
2312:481
2266:133
2263:487
2239:451
2218:707
2197:468
2179:132
2176:129
2155:405
2137:105
2134:403
2039:952
2018:952
1833:by
1731:or
629:Rob
34:or
4482::
4451:,
4414:,
3415::
3103:.
3081:.
3030:^
3014:.
3010:.
2965:.
2961:.
2929:.
2899:.
2895:.
2869:.
2863:.
2830:.
2804:.
2798:.
2771:.
2765:.
2746:.
2735:^
2606:.
2559:^
2478:.
2462:40
2413:.
2406:50
2388:.
2381:93
2339:20
2294:.
2287:11
2242:86
2221:52
2200:51
2158:67
2115:.
2108:35
2087:11
2063:35
2042:81
2021:81
1885:)
1795:.
1719:,
1715:,
1711:,
1612:.
1551:.
1513:,
1441:.
1410:,
1396:,
409:.
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317:.
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2816:.
2783:.
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2672:.
2647:.
2622:.
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1860:)
1854:(
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