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Between 1919 and 1923, during the occupation, there were French-backed attempts at separating the
Palatinate from Bavaria and the Empire. On 1 June 1919, Eberhard Haaß, founder of the "Free Palatine Association" (1918), proclaimed the "Palatine Republic", but failed to occupy the government building
1158:
was named after the king. Despite these attempts, the
Palatinate's representatives to the Bavarian Parliament always prided themselves on the claim that they came from a more progressive region. Indeed, they tried to promote their liberalism, which the French had introduced to the Palatinate, to the
1258:" at Speyer, after gaining control of the towns of Kaiserslautern, Neustadt, and Landau, and after the capitulation of the Palatine government. In the following days, several more towns fell into his group's hands. The Bavarian government reacted sharply. It organised a squad under the command of
1037:
as its capital. Of the former French administrative structure, the subdivision of the district into arrondissements, cantons, mayoralties, and municipalities was, in large measure, retained. The
Bavarian government also preserved the French legal system (Code Napoléon), giving the Palatinate a
984:
the cantons of
Waldmohr, Blieskastel, and Kusel, the latter with the exception of several villages on the road from Sankt Wendel to Baumholder, for which there was to be compensation, by another territorial transfer, with the agreement of the assembled plenipotentiaries of the allied powers at
1118:
as its capitals on the eastern side, whereas the new "Palatinate" established in 1815–16 lay solely on the left bank of the Rhine. It included territories that had never been part of the historical
Palatinate (e.g., territories of the former Bishopric of Speyer, the imperial city of Speyer or
1530:, literally "sow's stomach", a dish that consists of a thick, crispy-fried casing (sow stomach) stuffed with a mixture of pork, potatoes, and seasonings. Other traditional meat dishes of the region include bratwurst, Palatinate liverwurst, a blood pudding sausage called
1557:, which can be served with either sweet sauces or side dishes (such as wine, vanilla sauce or canned fruit such as plums, prunes, or pears) or with savory side dishes (such as potato soup, vegetable soup, goulash, or pepper pork).
1303:. While Bavaria itself was part of the U.S. occupation zone, the Palatinate was occupied by French forces. The French reorganised their occupation zone by founding new states, so that in 1947 the Palatinate was combined with
370:. It is one of the greatest wine-producing regions in Germany, and in the last two decades has become well known for its prize-winning white and reds of highest quality produced by a number of talented young winemakers.
1270:(the supreme council of the Allied occupation forces) of January 1924 recognised the status quo and guaranteed that the Palatinate would remain a part of Bavaria, thereby putting an end to separatist attempts.
823:. The Prince-Bishopric held possessions on both sides of the Rhine. For centuries, the Electoral Palatinate and Bavaria maintained dynastic links because both were ruled by members of the Wittelsbach family.
1028:
embarked on the administrative reorganisation of its territory, creating districts which, as in France, were named after the main local rivers. Thus, the new district along the Rhine was given the name
928:
of the Sarre and Mont-Tonnerre, except where set forth in the same treaty, were to fall "with full sovereignty" and ownership rights within the overlordship of His
Majesty the Emperor of Austria (
1262:. On 9 January 1924, Heinz was assassinated while dining at the Wittelsbacher Hof in Speyer. Other leading members of the separatist movement were killed on 12 February, in a shooting in
1431:
Many more
Palatines emigrated in the course of the 19th century, and the great majority of them to North America, so that in the US temporarily "Palatine" was a common designation for
898:
in 1813 and the capture of the Left Bank of the Rhine by the Allies in
January 1814, the region was, from 2 February 1814, initially under the provisional authority of the
1273:
Under Nazi rule, from 1933 to 1945, the
Palatinate officially remained part of Bavaria, but was otherwise totally reorganised—it was merged with the Saarland into the
316:
1106:
outlook gave rise to the adoption of new, historically evocative names for the administrative districts of
Bavaria. As such, the Rheinkreis officially became the
1844:
850:
the region. In 1798, the French introduced a new administrative system with the establishment of departments. The area of the Palatinate largely became the
1849:
315:
popular with hikers. With about 1,771 km (684 sq mi), it is Germany's largest contiguous forested area, and is part of the Franco-German
1005:
the cantons of Bergzabern, Langenkandel, and the whole part of the Département of Bas Rhin on the left bank of the Lauter, which had been ceded in the
1182:". A separatist uprising was suppressed by Prussian military intervention. The Palatinate's union with Bavaria persisted after it became part of the
1854:
1171:
1342:
The Pfalz was initially one of five districts in Rhineland-Palatinate; however, in 1968, the district was merged with the neighbouring district of
31:
1267:
1243:: Speyer, Ludwigshafen, Frankenthal, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Kaiserslautern, Pirmasens, and Zweibrücken. They remain separate to this day.
601:
in the valleys and 8-10 degrees in the highlands. Wet air from the prevailing westerly and southwesterly winds leads to precipitation in the
854:, laying the cornerstone of its regional identity today. Minor parts of today's region were attached to the neighbouring departments of the
605:
ranges, while it warms up on its way further down to the Rhine Valley; giving the valleys a considerably drier climate than the surrounding
1766:
1336:
1159:
whole Bavarian kingdom. German historian Heiner Haan described the special status accorded the Palatinate within Bavaria as being one of a
782:
91:
1695:
1327:) of the Pfalz. This reorganisation came with smaller losses of former district territory to the Saarland, especially in the area of
1675:
Haupt-Vertrag des zu Wien versammelten Congresses der europäischen Mächte, Fürsten und freien Städte, nebst 17 besondern Verträgen
1000:
the canton, town, and fortress of Landau, the latter as a federal fortress in accordance with the regulations of 3 November 1815;
965:
the districts of Zweibrücken, Kaiserslautern, and Speier; the latter with the exception of the cantons of Worms and Pfeddersheim;
862:. The French further subdivided the department into cantons, mayoralties and municipalities, and introduced their legal system (
851:
726:
436:
191:), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as
1175:
1066:
952:
1708:
1553:
is the typical side dish in all seasons, but especially in winter, as are mashed potatoes and brown gravy. Also eaten are
1092:
488:
351:
312:
1797:
81:
1839:
1020:
In accordance with the prevailing Bavarian administrative structure, the region became one of eight Bavarian districts (
1859:
1645:
1391:
1139:) became common and is still used today, but was never made its official name. Another term, that of Rhenish Bavaria (
39:
855:
1678:
1618:
1312:
836:
820:
467:
1143:), though used occasionally, never gained great currency, but can, nonetheless, be found sometimes on older maps.
1424:, which is located close to Mainz, the state capital (and is published bi-annually as a cooperation project with
548:
322:
The western and northern part of the Palatinate is densely forested and mountainous. Its highest mountain is the
518:
1407:
1124:
729:, some of which were very small. The largest and most important of these was the Electorate of the Palatinate (
367:
156:
1504:
1414:
refugees brought to Pennsylvania in the years 1717 to 1732. The only existing Pennsylvania German newspaper,
955:. These included, in addition to various regions east of the Rhine, the following regions west of the Rhine:
1296:
936:
816:
774:
1074:
1006:
840:
832:
543:
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and several other territories were part of the Palatinate, but today belong to other German territories.
117:
North Palatinate (green), Anterior Palatinate (yellow), South Palatinate (blue) and West Palatinate (red)
1368:
1186:
in 1871, and, indeed, after the Wittelsbach dynasty was deposed, and Bavaria became a free state of the
844:
1730:
1146:
The Bavarian Royal Family tried to encourage Palatine unity with Bavaria by erecting a royal palace in
1053:
was, however, a new creation. In 1818, the cantons were merged into 12 administrative districts called
947:
in which the various territorial changes were agreed on. According to Article 2 of the treaty, Emperor
1295:
The union with Bavaria was finally dissolved following the reorganisation of German states during the
229:
1343:
1320:
1290:
1210:
809:
766:
638:
409:
397:
265:
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112:
35:
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distinct legal status within the Bavarian kingdom. At the next lower level, the three former French
911:
k. k. östreichischen und k. bairischen gemeinschaftliche Landes-Administrations-Kommission
1440:
1425:
1331:. As part of the 1969 administrative reform, some minor border changes were made in the north. The
1099:
805:
789:
762:
452:
408:
The Palatinate is divided into four non-administrative sub-regions, comprising the following rural
386:
1383:
1372:
1363:
1110:(Palatinate). The historic Electorate of the Palatinate had spanned both sides of the Rhine with
944:
917:
891:
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793:
758:
725:
From the Middle Ages until 1792, the Palatinate was divided into 45 secular and ecclesiastical
1428:). In the same village one can find the headquarters of the German-Pennsylvanian Association.
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still exist today largely based on the historic boundaries of the old Bavarian district.
560:
1731:"Chapter Two – The History Of The German Immigration To America – The Brobst Chronicles"
1642:
Beamtenverzeichniß und Statistik des Königlich Bayerischen Regierungs-Bezirkes der Pfalz
1588:
1231:) were separated from the Bavarian Palatinate, and became part of the newly established
1178:, separatist elements wanted the district to secede from Bavaria and establish its own "
1046:("Circle", i.e. district, "direction") of Frankenthal, Kaiserslautern, and Zweibrücken.
902:. However, from 16 June of the same year, it was placed under the administration of the
773:
with these estates, which they ruled until 1918, together with the collateral branch of
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from 1410. Needing stronger protection, they lost control with the reunification with
1833:
1376:
1354:. On 1 January 2000, all administrative districts of Rheinland-Pfalz were dissolved.
1304:
1218:
1183:
867:
719:
602:
289:
1662:
1589:"Rhenish Palatinate - Encyclopedia Volume - Catholic Encyclopedia - Catholic Online"
1659:
Repertorium der Gesetze und Verordnungen für die königl. preußischen Rheinprovinzen
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with the Palatinate region highlighted and further subdivided into its sub-regions:
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proclaimed the "Government of the Autonomous Palatinate in the Association of the
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on higher ground. The average annual temperatures vary from around 11-14 degrees
17:
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Die Staats-Verträge des Königreichs Bayern ... von 1806 bis einschließlich 1858
684:
about 496. From 511 onwards, the area belonged to the eastern part of Frankish
1613:
1554:
1550:
1444:
1399:
1111:
847:
757:), becoming one of the seven higher nobles with the privilege of electing the
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1781:
1768:
1131:). To avoid confusion of the new Palatinate and the former one (and with the
1452:
1411:
1387:
1263:
1147:
770:
749:. By the late 12th century, the Count palatine had achieved the status of a
709:
685:
571:
257:
234:
192:
132:
128:
932:). Initially, however, joint Austro-Bavarian administration was retained.
1527:
1421:
1232:
1115:
907:("k.k.") Austrian and Royal Bavarian Joint Land Administration Commission
859:
681:
673:
665:
245:
1534:("griewe" are speck (bacon) cubes, so lit. "sausage with bacon bits"),
1077:, whose name gave rise to the popular Palatine nickname for Bavarians,
1025:
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Like most of Southwestern Germany, the Palatinate’s climate is either
1047:
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1239:. That same year, seven more towns were declared independent of the
30:
This article is about the region of south-western Germany. For the
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Gefahr oder Segen? Die Täufer in der politischen Kommunikation.
1209:, French troops occupied the Palatinate under the terms of the
1154:
under the direct supervision of King Ludwig I. The new town of
804:
in 1521 to preserve its status. Nevertheless, it was seized by
1468:
326:
with a height of 687 m (2,254 ft), situated in the
1235:, which, according to the peace treaty, was governed by the
1193:
In 1910, the town of Landau was declared independent of the
737:
territories on both sides of the Rhine formerly held by the
668:
in about 12 BCE; thereafter, it was part of the province of
970:
the canton of Kirchheim-Bolanden, in the district of Alzei.
1315:
west of the Rhine, and the southern part of the Prussian
1065:(rural district). As his first provincial governor, King
788:
The major ecclesiastical territory in the region was the
1573:
Heilprin, Angelo; Heilprin, Louis; Raza, Moonis (1906).
1485:
924:) that on the Left Bank of the Rhine the former French
1690:
Treaty of Munich dated 14 April 1816 in G. M. Kletke:
1661:, Trier: Leistenschneider, 1830, pp. 8 ff. (
676:
tribes settled here; their territory was conquered by
248:
in the west, historically also comprising the state's
1795:
1323:. The Palatinate formed the administrative district (
1406:
in the United States, is derived primarily from the
882:
The Rhenish Palatinate when it was unified with the
1526:Arguably the most famous dish in Palatinate is the
1435:. Johann Heinrich Heinz (1811–1891), the father of
920:
in 1815, and dated 9 June 1815, Article 51 stated (
122:
52:
1644:, Speyer, Kranzbühler, 1863, pp. 58 ff (
960:In the Département of Mont-Tonnerre (Donnersberg):
1087:became the focal point of liberal movements. The
1057:. In 1862, these were designated individually as
637:), which designated only the western part of the
373:Major rivers include the Upper Rhine tributaries
317:Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve
1522:(liver dumplings) with sauerkraut and garnishes
930:Herrschaft Sr. Maj. des Kaisers von Oesterreich
8:
1455:, Palatinate, to the United States in 1840.
1266:. By then, a treaty between Bavaria and the
835:, including the Palatinate, was occupied by
815:Other larger regional entities included the
1577:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 1392.
303:One-third of the region is covered by the
49:
1694:, Regensburg, Pustet, 1860, p. 310 (
1017:These changes took effect on 1 May 1816.
256:mountain range forms the border with the
1802:
1565:
1511:(meat dumplings) with horseradish sauce
1167:(adjacent state, i.e. the Palatinate).
710:Palatines § Holy Roman Nationality
660:region, this area was conquered by the
354:) lie in the lower eastern part of the
121:
103:
75:
1319:, to form the German federal state of
1268:Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission
900:General Government of the Middle Rhine
334:. Most of the major Palatinate towns (
175:. The Palatinate occupies most of the
1420:, was founded 1996 in the village of
1123:, which had formerly belonged to the
296:border separates the Palatinate from
7:
1845:Former government regions of Germany
1709:"Forschung - Universität Regensburg"
1575:Geographical Dictionary of the World
1337:Evangelical Church of the Palatinate
672:. During the decline of the Empire,
435:(KIB), including the small towns of
222:A typical vineyard landscape in the
34:that existed from 1085 to 1803, see
1201:French occupation of the Palatinate
1170:In May/June 1849, after the failed
1163:(main state, i.e. Bavaria) with a
992:In the Département of the Bas Rhin
412:and independent towns and cities:
358:down to the River Rhine. Here the
25:
1850:Geography of Rhineland-Palatinate
1549:(Fleischknödel: meat dumplings).
916:In the main treaty agreed at the
292:region. In the south, the German-
272:river, while the left bank, with
1817:
1805:
1472:
1135:), the name Rhenish Palatinate (
1033:(i.e. the Rhine district), with
977:In the Département of the Sarre:
542:) up to the western part of the
260:region. The eastern border with
252:District. In the northwest, the
105:
90:
80:
1855:Regions of Rhineland-Palatinate
1735:Homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com
1069:selected the Privy Councillor (
464:range of the Palatinate Forest
425:), i.e. the sparsely inhabited
1176:Imperial Constitution campaign
951:ceded various regions to King
460:) between Upper Rhine and the
1:
1061:. In 1939, each one became a
625:, it was also referred to as
593:in areas below 300 meters or
313:Palatinate Forest Nature Park
171:), is a historical region of
113:State of Rhineland-Palatinate
852:Département of Mont Tonnerre
733:), encompassing a number of
639:Electorate of the Palatinate
479:and the towns and cities of
47:Historical region of Germany
27:Historical region of Germany
1677:, Article 51, p. 101 (
1392:Pennsylvania Dutch language
1311:), the former parts of the
837:French revolutionary troops
1876:
1462:
1361:
1288:
1093:Neustadt an der Weinstraße
821:Prince-Bishopric of Speyer
707:
489:Neustadt an der Weinstraße
29:
1091:, a large gathering near
549:Kaiserslautern (district)
233:Medieval frame houses in
104:
76:
66:
1545:, liver dumplings), and
1408:Palatine German language
1348:to form the district of
890:Following the defeat of
765:. In 1214, the Bavarian
1758:Göttingen 2009, p. 427.
1657:F. W. A. Schlickeysen:
1619:Encyclopædia Britannica
1313:People's State of Hesse
1277:, with headquarters in
1213:. In 1920, the western
998:
982:
953:Maximilian I of Bavaria
244:The Palatinate borders
1754:Astrid von Schlachta:
1523:
1512:
1379:
887:
841:Treaty of Campo Formio
833:Left Bank of the Rhine
761:, as confirmed by the
722:
544:North Palatine Uplands
427:North Palatine Uplands
368:Palatinate wine region
366:) passes through the
328:North Palatine Uplands
268:region runs along the
241:
226:
215:
179:quarter of the German
152:
38:. For other uses, see
1518:
1507:
1384:Pennsylvania Dutchmen
1371:
1250:On 23 November 1923,
1174:, and as part of the
1075:Franz Xaver von Zwack
881:
845:First French Republic
839:. As a result of the
717:
708:Further information:
696:according to the 843
645:), as opposed to the
232:
221:
210:
68:Historical region of
1321:Rhineland-Palatinate
1291:Rhineland-Palatinate
1285:Rhineland-Palatinate
1211:Treaty of Versailles
949:Francis I of Austria
935:On 14 April 1816, a
817:Duchy of Zweibrücken
800:joined the Alsatian
775:Palatine Zweibrücken
767:House of Wittelsbach
398:Electoral Palatinate
185:Rhineland-Palatinate
36:Electoral Palatinate
1840:Palatinate (region)
1778: /
1711:. Uni-regensburg.de
1441:H. J. Heinz Company
1426:Kutztown University
1386:are descendants of
1150:, and by restoring
1100:Ludwig I of Bavaria
1009:of 20 November 1815
939:was signed between
790:Bishopric of Speyer
763:Golden Bull of 1356
731:Kurfürstentum Pfalz
643:Kurfürstentum Pfalz
519:Südliche Weinstraße
453:Anterior Palatinate
364:Deutsche Weinstraße
211:Vineyards near the
1860:Historical regions
1524:
1513:
1484:. You can help by
1380:
1373:Pennsylvania Dutch
1364:Pennsylvania Dutch
1358:Pennsylvania Dutch
1172:revolution of 1848
1042:were continued as
918:Congress of Vienna
888:
884:Kingdom of Bavaria
723:
242:
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165:Rhenish Palatinate
111:Map of the modern
56:Rhenish Palatinate
1622:. August 20, 2020
1502:
1501:
1451:, emigrated from
1351:Rheinhessen-Pfalz
1333:Diocese of Speyer
1299:of Germany after
1297:Allied occupation
1260:Edgar Julius Jung
1252:Franz Josef Heinz
1237:League of Nations
1180:Palatine Republic
1121:Kirchheimbolanden
896:Battle of Leipzig
810:Thirty Years' War
704:Holy Roman Empire
690:Rhenish Franconia
670:Germania Superior
619:Holy Roman Empire
591:humid subtropical
566:and the towns of
474:Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis
441:Kirchheimbolanden
396:Historically the
360:German Wine Route
356:Upper Rhine Plain
332:Kirchheimbolanden
311:), including the
305:Palatinate Forest
224:Palatinate Forest
213:German Wine Route
141:
140:
18:Palatinate region
16:(Redirected from
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1433:German Americans
1417:Hiwwe wie Driwwe
1394:, spoken by the
1390:immigrants. The
1325:Regierungsbezirk
1256:Rhenish Republic
1152:Speyer Cathedral
1133:Upper Palatinate
1089:Hambach Festival
1055:Landkommissariat
783:Charles Theodore
698:Treaty of Verdun
692:—became part of
647:Upper Palatinate
631:Lower Palatinate
524:and the town of
502:South Palatinate
433:Donnersbergkreis
418:North Palatinate
288:, belong to the
239:South Palatinate
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864:Napoleonic Code
829:
739:Counts palatine
712:
706:
627:Rhenish Bavaria
615:
607:Palatine Forest
587:
535:West Palatinate
406:
280:as well as the
237:, a village in
205:
189:Rheinland-Pfalz
157:Palatine German
137:
131:
118:
116:
100:
99:
98:
97:
88:
87:
72:
62:
57:
55:
48:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1873:
1871:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1814:
1761:
1760:
1747:
1722:
1700:
1683:
1667:
1650:
1633:
1605:
1580:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1500:
1499:
1479:
1477:
1463:Main article:
1460:
1457:
1359:
1356:
1317:Rhine Province
1289:Main article:
1286:
1283:
1202:
1199:
1098:In 1835, King
1083:. In 1832 the
1049:Kreisdirektion
1044:Kreisdirektion
1024:). From 1808,
1015:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1002:
997:
989:
988:
987:
981:
974:
973:
972:
967:
905:Imperial-Royal
875:
872:
828:
825:
781:under Elector
751:Prince-elector
705:
702:
664:under Emperor
614:
611:
586:
583:
582:
581:
580:
579:
568:Kaiserslautern
564:
558:
552:
531:
530:
529:
522:
516:
498:
497:
496:
477:
471:
449:
448:
447:
405:
402:
204:
201:
139:
138:
126:
120:
119:
110:
102:
101:
95:
89:
85:
79:
78:
77:
74:
73:
67:
64:
63:
58:
54:The Palatinate
53:
46:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1872:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1791:
1787:49.433; 7.767
1757:
1751:
1748:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:(Leberknödel)
1538:
1533:
1532:grieweworscht
1529:
1521:
1517:
1510:
1506:
1496:
1487:
1483:
1480:This section
1478:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1377:United States
1375:areas of the
1374:
1370:
1365:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:Rhenish Hesse
1302:
1298:
1292:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1219:Sankt Ingbert
1216:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1184:German Empire
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1010:
1008:
1007:Paris Tractat
1003:
1001:
996:
995:
993:
990:
986:
980:
979:
978:
975:
971:
968:
966:
963:
962:
961:
958:
957:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
906:
901:
897:
893:
885:
880:
874:Bavarian rule
873:
871:
869:
868:metric system
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
846:
842:
838:
834:
831:In 1794, the
826:
824:
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
794:Imperial city
791:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
721:
720:Palatine Lion
716:
711:
703:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
612:
610:
608:
604:
603:Mittelgebirge
600:
596:
592:
584:
577:
573:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
546:
545:
541:
537:
536:
532:
527:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
510:
508:
504:
503:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
465:
463:
459:
455:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
431:
430:
429:, made up of
428:
424:
420:
419:
415:
414:
413:
411:
403:
401:
399:
394:
393:in the west.
392:
388:
385:, as well as
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
290:Rhenish Hesse
287:
284:basin around
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
240:
236:
231:
225:
220:
214:
209:
202:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:federal state
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
136:
135:
130:
127:
125:
114:
108:
93:
83:
71:
65:
61:
51:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1763:
1755:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:
1725:
1715:September 9,
1713:. Retrieved
1703:
1691:
1686:
1674:
1670:
1658:
1653:
1641:
1636:
1624:. Retrieved
1617:
1614:"Palatinate"
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:
1583:
1574:
1568:
1547:fleeschknepp
1546:
1542:
1537:lewwerknedel
1536:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1509:Fleeschknepp
1508:
1490:
1486:adding to it
1481:
1449:Pennsylvania
1430:
1415:
1381:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1329:Sankt Wendel
1324:
1308:
1301:World War II
1294:
1275:Gau Westmark
1272:
1249:
1245:
1241:Bezirksämter
1240:
1226:
1215:Bezirksämter
1214:
1204:
1194:
1192:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:Ludwigshafen
1145:
1140:
1136:
1107:
1097:
1084:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1043:
1030:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1004:
999:
991:
983:
976:
969:
964:
959:
934:
929:
926:départements
925:
921:
915:
910:
903:
899:
889:
843:(1797), the
830:
814:
787:
754:
742:
730:
724:
694:East Francia
662:Roman Empire
655:
650:
642:
634:
630:
626:
623:World War II
616:
588:
561:Südwestpfalz
539:
533:
506:
500:
485:Ludwigshafen
468:Bad Dürkheim
457:
451:
445:Rockenhausen
422:
416:
407:
395:
372:
363:
336:Ludwigshafen
321:
308:
302:
243:
196:
188:
168:
164:
160:
144:
142:
133:
96:Coat of arms
59:
44:
1785: /
1679:digitalised
1555:dampfnudels
1543:lewwerknepp
1520:Lewwerknepp
1410:which many
1404:Fancy Dutch
1345:Rheinhessen
1309:Rheinhessen
1279:Saarbrücken
1247:in Speyer.
1207:World War I
1141:Rheinbayern
827:French rule
747:Lotharingia
743:Pfalzgrafen
727:territories
688:, which—as
680:under King
656:Formerly a
617:During the
576:Zweibrücken
513:Germersheim
481:Frankenthal
458:Vorderpfalz
404:Subdivision
387:Schwarzbach
348:Frankenthal
324:Donnersberg
309:Pfälzerwald
270:Upper Rhine
1834:Categories
1740:August 28,
1561:References
1551:Sauerkraut
1493:March 2010
1445:Pittsburgh
1400:Mennonites
1362:See also:
1195:Bezirksamt
1190:in 1918.
1165:Nebenstaat
1161:Hauptstaat
1137:Rheinpfalz
1127:branch of
1112:Heidelberg
1085:Rheinkreis
1067:Maximilian
1059:Bezirksamt
1031:Rheinkreis
985:Frankfurt.
922:inter alia
866:) and the
808:after the
735:Franconian
635:Unterpfalz
383:Speyerbach
169:Rheinpfalz
163:), or the
145:Palatinate
124:Demonym(s)
40:Palatinate
1812:Geography
1598:March 20,
1453:Kallstadt
1412:Mennonite
1264:Pirmasens
1228:Saarpfalz
1148:Edenkoben
1063:Landkreis
785:in 1777.
771:enfeoffed
686:Austrasia
674:Alamannic
651:Oberpfalz
621:prior to
574:(PS) and
572:Pirmasens
540:Westpfalz
491:(NW) and
437:Eisenberg
423:Nordpfalz
410:districts
258:Rhineland
250:Saarpfalz
235:Ilbesheim
203:Geography
193:Palatines
60:Die Pfalz
1626:July 28,
1528:saumagen
1422:Ober-Olm
1388:Palatine
1335:and the
1233:Saarland
1125:Weilburg
1116:Mannheim
1104:romantic
892:Napoleon
860:Bas-Rhin
819:and the
802:Décapole
755:Kurfürst
682:Clovis I
666:Augustus
507:Südpfalz
352:Neustadt
264:and the
254:Hunsrück
246:Saarland
177:southern
129:Palatine
1824:Germany
1798:Portals
1770:49°26′N
1459:Cuisine
1223:Homburg
1080:Zwockel
1026:Bavaria
945:Bavaria
941:Austria
894:at the
848:annexed
779:Bavaria
759:Emperor
678:Francia
613:History
599:Celsius
595:oceanic
585:Climate
197:Pfälzer
173:Germany
134:Pfälzer
70:Germany
1773:7°46′E
1696:Online
1663:Online
1646:Online
1402:, and
1205:After
1129:Nassau
1071:Hofrat
1051:Landau
1035:Speyer
1022:Kreise
937:treaty
886:, 1871
806:France
798:Landau
792:. The
658:Celtic
570:(KL),
526:Landau
493:Speyer
487:(LU),
483:(FT),
462:Haardt
379:Queich
375:Lauter
344:Landau
340:Speyer
298:Alsace
294:French
149:German
1396:Amish
1382:Many
1108:Pfalz
856:Sarre
745:) of
578:(ZW).
557:(KUS)
555:Kusel
521:(SÜW)
515:(GER)
470:(DÜW)
330:near
286:Alzey
278:Worms
274:Mainz
266:Baden
262:Hesse
153:Pfalz
1742:2017
1717:2012
1628:2021
1600:2018
1541:(or
1221:and
1114:and
943:and
858:and
769:was
718:The
629:and
563:(PS)
551:(KL)
528:(LD)
495:(SP)
476:(RP)
443:and
391:Glan
389:and
381:and
282:Selz
276:and
161:Palz
143:The
86:Flag
1488:.
1443:in
1217:of
1102:'s
913:).
796:of
653:).
509:).
199:).
183:of
1836::
1733:.
1616:.
1591:.
1447:,
1398:,
1281:.
1197:.
1073:)
994::
870:.
812:.
700:.
609:.
439:,
377:,
350:,
346:,
342:,
338:,
319:.
300:.
159::
155:;
151::
1800::
1744:.
1719:.
1698:)
1681:)
1665:)
1648:)
1630:.
1602:.
1495:)
1491:(
1307:(
1225:(
1011:.
909:(
753:(
741:(
649:(
641:(
633:(
538:(
505:(
456:(
421:(
362:(
307:(
195:(
187:(
167:(
147:(
42:.
20:)
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