38:
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sequences that make up proteins, but their role in protein function is not clearly known. It has been suggested that the existence of palindromes in peptides might be related to the prevalence of low-complexity regions in proteins, as palindromes are frequently associated with low-complexity
238:
The top strand reads 5'-GAATTC-3', while the bottom strand reads 3'-CTTAAG-5'. If the DNA strand is flipped over, the sequences are exactly the same (5'GAATTC-3' and 3'-CTTAAG-5'). Here are more restriction enzymes and the palindromic sequences which they recognize:
374:
sites. These are the sites where a methyl group can be attached to the palindromic sequence. Methylation makes the resultant gene inactive; this is called insertional inactivation or
413:-encoded V, D and J segments. Nucleotide insertions at V-D and D-J junctions are random, but some small subsets of these insertions are exceptional, in that one to three
382:
methylation at the tetracyclin resistant gene makes the plasmid liable to tetracyclin; after methylation at the tetracyclin resistant gene if the plasmid is exposed to
186:
are arranged as palindromes. A palindromic structure allows the Y chromosome to repair itself by bending over at the middle if one side is damaged.
138:
75:
102:
71:
438:
Larionov S, Loskutov A, Ryadchenko E (February 2008). "Chromosome evolution with naked eye: palindromic context of the life origin".
94:
289:
220:
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inversely repeat the sequence of the germline DNA. These short complementary palindromic sequences are called
375:
509:
357:
178:) scattered over them. In 2008, a genome sequencing project discovered that large portions of the human
571:"A tale of two symmetrical tails: structural and functional characteristics of palindromes in proteins"
78:. This definition of palindrome thus depends on complementary strands being palindromic of each other.
747:
690:
447:
402:
223:(restriction enzymes) recognize specific palindromic sequences and cut them. The restriction enzyme
418:
406:
338:
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portion since the entire hairpin is a part of same (single) strand of nucleic acid. Palindromic
659:
537:
130:
718:
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602:
529:
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463:
313:
212:
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because reversing the order of the nucleotides in the complement gives the original sequence.
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sequences. Their prevalence may also be related to the propensity of such sequences to form
395:
331:
307:
74:) on one strand is identical to the sequence in the same direction (e.g. 5' to 3') on the
31:
694:
646:
621:
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Giel-Pietraszuk M, Hoffmann M, Dolecka S, Rychlewski J, Barciszewski J (February 2003).
451:
713:
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570:
156:
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17:
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Ohno S (1990). "Intrinsic evolution of proteins. The role of peptidic palindromes".
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90:
63:
59:
703:
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is slightly different from the definition used for words and sentences. Since a
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are read, (not just the bases on one strand), to determine a palindrome. Many
171:
82:
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216:
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679:"Palindromic nucleotide analysis in human T cell receptor rearrangements"
410:
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118:
86:
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122:
110:
106:
459:
379:
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114:
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DNA or RNA sequence that matches its complement when read backwards
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224:
36:
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125:(G)), a (single-stranded) nucleotide sequence is said to be a
67:
174:
and in the so-called
Bacterial Interspersed Mosaic Elements (
147:
A palindromic nucleotide sequence is capable of forming a
569:
Sheari A, Kargar M, Katanforoush A, et al. (2008).
622:"Protein assemblies with palindromic structure motifs"
189:
Palindromes also appear to be found frequently in the
70:
molecule whereby reading in a certain direction (e.g.
167:
instructions. They have been specially researched in
105:, and the nucleotides always pair in the same way (
215:. Because a DNA sequence is double stranded, the
137:is palindromic with its nucleotide-by-nucleotide
211:Palindromic sequences play an important role in
227:recognizes the following palindromic sequence:
8:
301:5'---G GATCC---3' 3'---CCTAG G---5'
277:5'---G AATTC---3' 3'---CTTAA G---5'
390:Palindromic nucleotides in T cell receptors
712:
702:
645:
596:
586:
241:
151:. The stem portion of the hairpin is a
620:Pinotsis N, Wilmanns M (October 2008).
430:
7:
370:Palindromic sequences may also have
325:5'---T CGA---3' 3'---AGC T---5'
677:Srivastava, SK; Robins, HS (2012).
386:tetracyclin, it does not survive.
350:5'---AG CT---3' 3'---TC GA---5'
25:
133:. For example, the DNA sequence
198:or protein/protein complexes.
62:sequence in a double-stranded
1:
704:10.1371/journal.pone.0052250
398:(TCR) genes is generated by
41:Palindrome of DNA structure
764:
290:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
29:
638:10.1007/s00018-008-8265-1
510:"Palindromes in proteins"
355:
221:restriction endonucleases
234:3'- C T T A A G -5'
231:5'- G A A T T C -3'
207:Restriction enzyme sites
93:is formed by two paired
30:Not to be confused with
588:10.1186/1471-2105-9-274
526:10.1023/A:1023454111924
489:(2–3): 287–91, 405–10.
376:insertional mutagenesis
153:pseudo-double stranded
129:if it is equal to its
51:
101:that run in opposite
40:
18:Palindromic sequences
251:Recognition Sequence
76:complementary strand
56:palindromic sequence
695:2012PLoSO...752250S
626:Cell. Mol. Life Sci
452:2008Chaos..18a3105L
407:V(D)J recombination
339:Arthrobacter luteus
575:BMC Bioinformatics
378:. For example, in
296:5'GGATCC 3'CCTAGG
272:5'GAATTC 3'CTTAAG
159:are found in most
131:reverse complement
85:in the context of
52:
43:A: Palindrome, B:
460:10.1063/1.2826631
366:Methylation sites
363:
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314:Thermus aquaticus
213:molecular biology
16:(Redirected from
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544:. Archived from
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266:Escherichia coli
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514:J. Protein Chem
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396:T cell receptor
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81:The meaning of
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32:inverted repeat
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689:(12): e52250.
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113:(T) in DNA or
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551:on 2019-12-14
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446:(1): 013105.
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419:P nucleotides
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394:Diversity of
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184:Y chromosomes
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553:. Retrieved
546:the original
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117:(U) in RNA;
95:antiparallel
91:double helix
80:
60:nucleic acid
55:
53:
48:
44:
748:Palindromes
409:from their
372:methylation
172:chromosomes
163:or sets of
99:nucleotides
97:strands of
737:Categories
555:2011-02-25
425:References
415:base pairs
403:insertions
400:nucleotide
384:antibiotic
358:blunt ends
217:base pairs
139:complement
127:palindrome
103:directions
83:palindrome
483:Riv. Biol
169:bacterial
121:(C) with
109:(A) with
723:23284955
683:PLOS ONE
664:29569626
656:18791850
647:11131741
607:18547401
542:28294669
534:12760415
468:18377056
411:germline
202:Examples
142:TGGATCCA
135:ACCTAGGT
119:cytosine
87:genetics
72:5' to 3'
714:3528771
691:Bibcode
598:2474621
581:: 274.
495:2128128
448:Bibcode
191:peptide
165:genetic
161:genomes
149:hairpin
123:guanine
111:thymine
107:adenine
721:
711:
662:
654:
644:
605:
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532:
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380:PBR322
248:Source
245:Enzyme
157:motifs
115:uracil
660:S2CID
549:(PDF)
538:S2CID
440:Chaos
405:upon
284:BamH1
260:EcoR1
225:EcoR1
176:BIMEs
58:is a
47:, C:
719:PMID
652:PMID
603:PMID
530:PMID
491:PMID
464:PMID
356:* =
332:Alu1
308:Taq1
254:Cut
182:and
49:Stem
45:Loop
743:DNA
709:PMC
699:doi
642:PMC
634:doi
593:PMC
583:doi
522:doi
456:doi
68:RNA
66:or
64:DNA
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54:A
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334:*
180:X
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
