31:
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92:
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darker, cooler brown with no band on the tail but with several pale areas on the wing, including the underwing coverts and inner primaries. This results in underwings that have a white band in young fish eagles. It takes until the 4th year or so to obtain adult plumage. Among related species,, it mainly overlaps in range with the quite dissimilar much shorter winged and slightly smaller
328:
that weighed an average of 2.6 kg (5.7 lb). However, in some cases Pallas's fish eagles have been reported to weigh as much as 4 to 5.5 kg (8.8 to 12.1 lb) and span as much as much as 240 cm (7 ft 10 in). Thus, their size falls just slightly under the large northern sea eagles (i.e.
490:
and flew with the struggling fish very low over the water, before dropping it in response to gunfire. The carp was found to have weighed 6.5 kg (14 lb), which is probably roughly twice the weight of the eagle carrying it. How they interact with other raptors is not well understood. However,
327:
of 180–215 cm (5 ft 11 in – 7 ft 1 in). Females are generally reported to weigh 2.1 to 3.7 kg (4.6 to 8.2 lb), with this sample of nine averaging 3.2 kg (7.1 lb), and are slightly larger than males at 2.03 to 3.3 kg (4.5 to 7.3 lb), in ten
314:
The Pallas's fish eagle has a light sandy-brown hood and a whitish face. The wings are darker brown and the back rufous. The long, slender wings (particularly slender for a sea eagle) are rather dark brown underneath. The tail is black with a wide, distinctive white stripe. Juveniles are overall
481:
by assaulting them on the surface of the water and then flying off with the kill. Since the greylag goose species is slightly heavier than the eagle, this is one of the greatest weight-lifting feats ever recorded for a flying bird. Another case of lifting a great load was recorded at the
603:(which look like a smaller, darker version of this bird, but are not very closely related). Its distribution indicates that this species evolved fairly independently of other sea-eagle lineages, but the molecular data tentatively suggests it is possibly closer to the
1231:
961:
675:. The global population is estimated at less than 2,500 individuals. Besides direct persecution, humans contribute to the decline of this species through habitat degradation,
495:
suggest they may dominate several other eagle species, select the highest perches and have the highest daily food intake, including over similarly sized eagles such as
832:
1335:
908:, version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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1502:
1467:
1309:
323:, which also seldom resembles the coloring of the Pallas's. This fairly large species measures 72 to 85 cm (28 to 33 in) in length with a
1348:
931:
1091:
357:. However, Pallas's fish eagle seems to have a broadly opportunistic diet much like better known sea eagles. They also regularly prey upon
1257:
1046:
1055:
816:
469:. Pallas's fish eagles are known to attack quite large (i.e. about their own size or somewhat larger) adult water birds including
1492:
54:
1270:
1477:
1353:
1075:
698:
is deceptive, as Pallas's fish eagle is rare and isolated throughout its territory and may not breed in large areas of it.
30:
1374:
984:
1482:
576:
place for it among the sea-eagles. However, some information can be drawn from the molecular data, and especially from
1431:
511:
91:
1288:
1150:
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1392:
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lineage. It is peculiar insofar as it has a black band at the end of the tail in adult birds, similar to juvenile
1487:
1301:
1164:
308:
303:
639:
The Pallas's fish eagle occurs in Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China,
1195:
1112:
531:
496:
450:
337:
316:
600:
454:
186:
748:
1177:
577:
873:
Where in the World are Pallas's Fish Eagles? Migration and
Ecology of Haliaeetus leucoryphus in Asia
340:) and broadly similar to slightly larger than the sea eagles of more tropical central distribution.
1472:
39:
619:, this happened either at the very start or the end of the Oligocene, somewhere between 34 and 25
1099:
970:
Reise durch verschiedene
Provinzen des russischen Reichs in einem ausführlichen Auszuge. Volume 2
826:
668:
527:
492:
333:
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276:
212:
203:
86:
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birds wintering among the southern Asian birds in northern India, and also further west to the
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462:
284:
1030:
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920:
734:
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and the tropical lineages split. Dependent on the interpretation of a possible Early
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280:
59:
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581:
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445:
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153:
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species. It diverged from its common ancestor with other species soon after the
410:
1439:
648:
620:
406:
362:
329:
264:
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in
Kazakhstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, China,
252:
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1262:
676:
612:
608:
604:
573:
248:
103:
1187:
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950:(Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D. thesis. Bombay University, Mumbai, India).
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324:
123:
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a Pallas's fish eagle that he encountered during his travels in eastern
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402:
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768:
766:
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394:
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366:
272:
113:
1327:
1249:
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989:
A history of the birds of Europe, not observed in the
British Isles
948:
The general ecology of raptors in
Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur
1413:
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510:
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Orta, J., D. A. Christie, G. M. Kirwan, and C.J. Sharpe (2020).
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133:
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and scarcely with the larger, bulkier and much broader winged
486:
River in north-central India, where an eagle captured a huge
991:. Vol. 1. London: Groombridge and Sons. pp. 75–79.
972:. Frankfurt und Leipzig: J. G. Fleischer. pp. 454–455.
551:
This species is the hardest-to-place sea-eagle. Among the
538:. In the 19th century, it was also placed in the genera
772:
1044:
del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J., eds. (1994).
1119:
1008:) based on nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome
919:
749:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22695130A131934599.en
491:observations of wintering Pallas's fish eagles in
694:difficult for the Pallas's fish eagle. Its large
353:Its diet consists primarily of large freshwater
811:. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
802:
800:
798:
796:
794:
595:of the first sea-eagles, shared with the older
1002:Wink, M.; Heidrich, P.; Fentzloff, C. (1996).
860:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses, 2nd Edition
786:A Field Guide to the Birds of South-east Asia
587:This species retains the ancestral dark eye,
8:
906:Pallas's Fish-Eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus)
831:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
922:The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats
807:Ferguson-Lees, J., Christie, D. A. (2001).
1107:
1050:. Vol. 2. Barcelona: Lynx Ediciones.
635:Juvenile Pallas's fish eagle in Bangladesh
48:
29:
20:
747:
1092:"Pallas's Fish-eagle: images and movies"
1004:"A mtDNA phylogeny of sea eagles (genus
707:
983:Bree, C. R. & Fawcett, B. (1859).
900:
898:
896:
894:
824:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
847:Field Guide to the Birds of East Asia
773:del Hoyo, Elliott & Sargatal 1994
667:The Pallas's fish eagle is listed as
572:data is unable to reliably suggest a
7:
1302:04853904-8fa9-4c67-869a-72f49b360120
559:, it has no close living relatives.
449:. Known water bird prey can include
365:. Other prey reportedly can include
1019:Biochemical Systematics and Ecology
735:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1047:Handbook of the Birds of the World
14:
307:Pallas's fish eagle in flight at
1503:Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas
1468:IUCN Red List endangered species
690:in lakes possibly makes finding
90:
724:BirdLife International (2018).
1:
1031:10.1016/S0305-1978(96)00049-X
409:were reported to consist of
1519:
858:Dunning Jr, J. B. (2007).
788:. New Holland, London, UK.
686:. In India, the spread of
875:. University of Arkansas.
742:: e.T22695130A131934599.
309:Jim Corbett National Park
218:
211:
192:
185:
87:Scientific classification
85:
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
849:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
627:Distribution and habitat
515:Pallas's fish eagle eggs
251:. It breeds in the east
1493:Birds described in 1771
888:. Stephen Greene Press.
497:eastern imperial eagles
247:, is a large, brownish
1445:Haliaeetus-leucoryphus
1237:haliaeetus-leucoryphus
1165:haliaeetus-leucoryphus
1151:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
1121:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
1084:BirdLife International
1078:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
960:Pallas, P. S. (1771).
728:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
636:
615:sea-eagle fossil from
601:Madagascar fish eagles
548:by different authors.
516:
451:pheasant-tailed jacana
317:grey-headed fish eagle
311:
245:band-tailed fish eagle
236:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
196:Haliaeetus leucoryphus
1478:Birds of prey of Asia
1076:"Pallas's Fish-eagle
634:
514:
455:lesser whistling duck
344:Behaviour and ecology
306:
1297:Fauna Europaea (new)
985:"Pallas's sea eagle"
946:Prakash, V. (1988).
809:Raptors of the World
24:Pallas's fish eagle
1483:Birds of Bangladesh
886:The birds of Israel
871:Steele, M. (2017).
845:Brazil, M. (2019).
784:Robson, C. (2000).
530:in 1771, who first
231:Pallas's fish eagle
178:H. leucoryphus
40:Conservation status
679:, and draining or
637:
528:Peter Simon Pallas
517:
321:white-tailed eagle
312:
283:. It is partially
275:. It is listed as
241:Pallas's sea eagle
1455:
1454:
1401:Open Tree of Life
1113:Taxon identifiers
964:Aquila leucorypha
933:978-0-85112-235-9
918:Wood, G. (1983).
520:Aquila leucorypha
440:Ompok bimaculatus
239:), also known as
228:
227:
221:Aquila leucorypha
80:
63:
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1488:Birds of Myanmar
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1380:NHMSYS0000533347
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1098:. Archived from
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1025:(7–8): 783–791.
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884:Paz, U. (1987).
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479:Demoiselle crane
475:bar-headed geese
459:ferruginous duck
405:. Their prey in
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524:scientific name
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434:Mystus cavasius
428:Chitala chitala
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207:
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181:
144:Accipitriformes
89:
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17:
16:Species of bird
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1284:Fauna Europaea
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1102:on 2006-04-22.
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471:greylag geese
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223:Pallas, 1771
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187:Binomial name
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862:. CRC Press.
859:
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785:
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753:. Retrieved
739:
733:
727:
666:
663:Conservation
638:
586:
582:biogeography
574:phylogenetic
565:
550:
545:
539:
526:proposed by
519:
518:
467:little grebe
446:Wallago attu
444:
438:
432:
426:
401:larvae) and
385:, including
369:, including
352:
334:white-tailed
313:
293:Persian Gulf
244:
240:
235:
234:
230:
229:
220:
219:
195:
193:
177:
176:
164:
154:Accipitridae
18:
1323:iNaturalist
1145:Wikispecies
755:19 November
681:overfishing
564:cytochrome
411:mrigal carp
363:water birds
299:Description
73:Appendix II
1473:Haliaeetus
1462:Categories
1440:Xeno-canto
1006:Haliaeetus
702:References
669:Endangered
649:Bangladesh
578:morphology
546:Haliaeetus
407:Bangladesh
277:Endangered
265:Bangladesh
253:Palearctic
165:Haliaeetus
55:Endangered
827:cite book
677:pollution
613:Oligocene
609:Holarctic
605:Holarctic
532:described
493:Bharatpur
391:terrapins
338:Steller's
285:migratory
249:sea eagle
172:Species:
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
1414:Species+
1367:22695130
1341:11391296
1201:22695130
1196:BirdLife
1185:BioLib:
1130:Wikidata
597:tropical
570:sequence
522:was the
507:Taxonomy
383:reptiles
371:leporids
325:wingspan
213:Synonyms
150:Family:
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1315:2480453
1250:pafeag1
1211:pafeag1
1173:Avibase
1136:Q271462
1086:. 2020.
671:on the
653:Myanmar
555:of its
553:species
536:Siberia
403:carrion
395:insects
375:rodents
367:mammals
287:, with
279:on the
269:Myanmar
206:, 1771)
160:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
58: (
1498:Eagles
1406:327488
1354:175425
1271:EURING
1160:ARKive
1096:ARKive
1054:
930:
815:
657:Bhutan
593:talons
591:, and
484:Yamuna
397:(i.e.
387:snakes
273:Bhutan
204:Pallas
1393:52646
1336:IRMNG
1289:96693
1263:17231
1258:EUNIS
1245:eBird
1224:3JBJY
1208:BOW:
1188:62964
1015:(PDF)
1012:gene"
696:range
684:lakes
645:Nepal
641:India
617:Egypt
561:mtDNA
557:genus
541:Falco
423:ilish
419:catla
379:frogs
359:birds
261:Nepal
257:India
77:CITES
71:CITES
1432:7892
1419:6744
1388:NCBI
1362:IUCN
1349:ITIS
1328:5312
1310:GBIF
1276:2420
1052:ISBN
928:ISBN
833:link
813:ISBN
757:2021
740:2018
692:prey
655:and
589:bill
580:and
544:and
499:and
488:carp
477:and
465:and
443:and
415:rohu
399:wasp
389:and
373:and
355:fish
349:Diet
336:and
330:bald
271:and
134:Aves
1427:TSA
1375:NBN
1232:CMS
1219:CoL
1027:doi
744:doi
621:mya
243:or
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