55:
33:
319:, composed of a rough area on the first segment (coxa) of the pedipalps and a 'scraper' made of bristles on the first segment of their first pair of walking legs. Scraping these bristles on the rough zone produces a scratching sound. Genera of the subfamily Scorpioninae are extremely similar to each other and
456:) is frequently exported for international pet trade. Even in countries with effective quotas, the origin of traded specimens either from farms or from the wild is hardly traceable. Beside of overharvesting, the species are most endangered by habitat destruction due to
648:
Vachon, M. (1973) . "Étude des charactéres utilisés pour classer les familles et les genres de scorpions (Arachnides). 1. La trichobothriotaxonomie en arachnologie. Sigles trichobothriaux et types de trichobothriotaxie chez les scorpions".
687:
Rossi, Andrea (20 April 2015). "Sui sottogeneri di
Pandinus Thorell, 1876 con revisione del genere Pandinurus Fet, 1997 stat. n. e descrizione di sette nuove specie e tre nuovi sottogeneri (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)".
856:
508:
Rossi, Andrea (25 March 2014). "Notes on the distribution of
Pandinus (Pandinus) Thorell, 1876 and Pandinus (Pandinurus) Fet, 1997 with the descriptions of two new species from Central African Republic".
365:
rarely stings at all, and often prefers to use its massive pincers for prey capture and even for defense. The defensive behavior of the other species is not yet studied in detail.
801:
1080:
890:
828:
732:
1093:
492:
the most popular pet scorpion. After listing of the species in CITES, commercial scorpion farms have been established in several West
African countries.
1054:
860:
526:"A review of the subgenus Pandinus Thorell, 1876 with descriptions of two new species from Uganda and Ethiopia (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)"
472:
and apparently used to avoid CITES regulations for this species. However, other - unlisted - species were also traded under this name.
668:
Fet, V. (1997). "Notes on the taxonomy of some old world scorpions (Scorpiones: Buthidae, Chactidae, Ischnuridae, Scorpionidae)".
762:"Systematics and biogeography of the family Scorpionidae (Chelicerata: Scorpiones), with a discussion on phylogenetic methods"
315:
pincers are massive, while the metasoma is proportionally thin with a small vesicle and stinger (aculeus). They possess a
307:
are generally large scorpions (about 120–200 mm total length), which are dark to black colored, sometimes with paler
1180:
396:
climates. Soft, loamy soils seem to be preferred by most species, but ecology is only well known for the forest-living
1002:
559:"The Emperor is back! Rediscovery and redescription of the holotype of Pandinus imperator (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)"
1098:
54:
1175:
1147:
932:
278:
258:
1170:
1007:
795:
288:
1124:
761:
1028:
979:
481:
452:). The CITES listing has been conceptually criticized for protecting two species, of which only one (
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1020:
429:
329:
211:
182:
159:
126:
984:
882:
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964:
381:
333:. They differ mainly in details of the stridulatory organ and sensory bristles (
96:
32:
607:
485:
207:
955:
709:
701:
1041:
86:
66:
621:
Birula, A.A.B. (1913). "Arachnologische Beiträge. II.–IV. II. Ueber einige
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312:
308:
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are mostly restricted to local pain, described similar to those of a
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591:
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445:
437:
421:
374:
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203:
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Holstein, Joachim; Wendt, Ingo; Rossi, Andrea (September 2017).
449:
441:
930:
358:
651:
Bulletin du Muséeum
National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (3)
245:. In 2015 all five subgenera were raised to genus level.
214:. It contains one of the most popular pet scorpions, the
253:
Currently, 4 species are recognized within this genus:
760:
Prendini, L., Crowe, T.M. & Wheeler, W.C. (2003).
241:. Subsequent research subdivided the genus into five
939:
755:
753:
751:
749:
625:-Arten von dem SĂĽdabhange des Himalaya. III. Ueber
857:"UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-listed Species"
436:by several countries in West Africa (including
891:Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
829:Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
733:Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
8:
800:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
927:
460:. Traded specimens are sometimes labelled
31:
20:
847:
845:
574:
543:10.18590/euscorpius.2011.vol2011.iss129.1
541:
388:near rivers and other woodlands aside of
392:habitats. Arabian species also occur in
500:
420:) are the only scorpions listed by the
345:As in other Scorpionidae, the venom of
793:
596:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
7:
1148:2DB1AC22-5C2E-4146-BC07-A2A7ED04DA2B
1125:8F5EB815-2687-A0E3-ACE5-E8234616FB31
861:United Nations Environment Programme
592:"On the classification of scorpions"
237:The genus was introduced in 1876 by
428:for pet trade from the wild. CITES
631:Russkoe EntomologiÄŤeskoe Obozrenie
349:species is rather mild, and human
222:. The genus is distributed across
14:
380:low-land regions. They occur in
53:
480:The large size, its docile and
424:Appendix II since 1995, due to
883:"Scorpions protected by CITES"
725:"Scorpionidae Latreille, 1802"
189:
1:
488:activity and mild venom make
629:Poc. und seine Verwandten".
563:Arachnologische Mitteilungen
524:KovaĹ™Ăk, František (2011).
323:is especially close to the
1197:
627:Pandinus (Pandinops) peeli
464:. This name is an invalid
608:10.1080/00222937608681889
188:
181:
165:
158:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
769:Invertebrate Systematics
210:belonging to the family
299:General characteristics
670:Journal of Arachnology
432:have been issued for
404:Conservational status
373:Most species live in
881:Rein, J. O. (2010).
815:Rein, J. O. (2000).
723:Rein, J. O. (2022).
590:Thorell, T. (1876).
482:gregarious behaviour
462:"Pandinus africanus"
279:Pandinus ugandaensis
1181:Scorpions of Africa
259:Pandinus gambiensis
887:The Scorpion Files
825:The Scorpion Files
821:(C.L. Koch, 1841)"
819:Pandinus imperator
729:The Scorpion Files
576:10.5431/aramit5410
317:stridulatory organ
289:Pandinus ulderigoi
273:(C. L. Koch, 1841)
269:Pandinus imperator
216:emperor scorpion (
42:Pandinus imperator
16:Genus of scorpions
1158:
1157:
1107:Open Tree of Life
933:Taxon identifiers
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426:overexploitation
361:sting. At least
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239:Tamerlan Thorell
168:Buthus imperator
152:
58:
57:
35:
21:
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1176:Scorpion genera
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408:Two species of
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325:Southeast Asian
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908:External links
906:
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855:-WCMC (2010).
841:
807:
775:(2): 185–259.
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386:gallery forest
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536:(129): 1–18.
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458:deforestation
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430:export quotas
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418:P. gambiensis
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403:
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353:are unknown.
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335:trichobothria
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283:Kovarik, 2011
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1171:Scorpionidae
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914:
894:. Retrieved
886:
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864:. Retrieved
832:. Retrieved
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796:cite journal
784:. Retrieved
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736:. Retrieved
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602:(97): 1–15.
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490:P. imperator
489:
479:
476:In captivity
470:P. imperator
469:
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454:P. imperator
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434:P. imperator
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417:
414:P. imperator
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398:P. imperator
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363:P. imperator
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346:
344:
330:Heterometrus
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263:Pocock, 1899
257:
252:
236:
218:P. imperator
217:
212:Scorpionidae
198:
197:
196:
166:
160:Type species
147:
146:
137:Scorpioninae
127:Scorpionidae
40:
24:
18:
1068:iNaturalist
965:Wikispecies
382:rain forest
303:Members of
293:Rossi, 2014
133:Subfamily:
97:Chelicerata
93:Subphylum:
1165:Categories
922:Exotics.nl
913:Images of
676:: 245–250.
657:: 857–958.
637:: 416–423.
530:Euscorpius
496:References
351:fatalities
174:C. L. Koch
117:Scorpiones
87:Arthropoda
918:imperator
710:723929202
702:1824-2669
696:: 10–66.
623:Scorpiops
569:: 44–47.
484:, partly
249:Diversity
243:subgenera
208:scorpions
206:of large
190:4 species
183:Diversity
107:Arachnida
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
992:BioLib:
985:Pandinus
971:Pandinus
950:Wikidata
941:Pandinus
915:Pandinus
896:July 28,
866:July 28,
834:July 28,
786:July 28,
738:10 April
690:Onychium
513:: 10–31.
511:Onychium
410:Pandinus
394:semiarid
390:savannah
378:tropical
355:Symptoms
347:Pandinus
341:Toxicity
321:Pandinus
313:pedipalp
309:metasoma
305:Pandinus
233:Taxonomy
224:tropical
199:Pandinus
148:Pandinus
123:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
25:Pandinus
1143:ZooBank
1135:4976593
1086:1379889
1060:4656470
1034:3195449
956:Q292181
486:diurnal
466:synonym
369:Habitat
143:Genus:
113:Order:
103:Class:
1132:uBio:
1112:990926
1073:127717
1047:1PANNG
995:132415
708:
700:
448:, and
416:, and
327:genus
227:Africa
176:, 1841
1120:Plazi
1099:55083
1081:IRMNG
1021:63JDT
1008:29730
765:(PDF)
446:Niger
438:Benin
422:CITES
375:humid
204:genus
202:is a
1094:NCBI
1055:GBIF
1042:EPPO
1003:BOLD
898:2010
868:2010
853:UNEP
836:2010
802:link
788:2010
740:2022
706:OCLC
698:ISSN
534:2011
468:for
450:Chad
442:Togo
1029:EoL
1016:CoL
980:ADW
777:doi
655:140
604:doi
571:doi
538:doi
359:bee
337:).
1167::
1145::
1122::
1109::
1096::
1083::
1070::
1057::
1044::
1031::
1018::
1005::
982::
967::
952::
920:.
889:.
885:.
859:.
844:^
827:.
823:.
798:}}
794:{{
773:17
771:.
767:.
748:^
731:.
727:.
704:.
694:11
692:.
674:25
672:.
635:13
600:17
598:.
594:.
567:54
565:.
561:.
532:.
528:.
444:,
440:,
400:.
384:,
229:.
900:.
870:.
838:.
817:"
804:)
790:.
779::
742:.
712:.
610:.
606::
579:.
573::
546:.
540::
412:(
220:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
