2262:
2229:
2197:
40:
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2213:
2181:
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2147:
2294:
2134:
2335:
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of the two cities would be known to each other's population, and while they used the same language, they were adversaries politically. Nevertheless, the tradition was known to have reached its refined form with the flowering of classical Malay literature from the 15th century. Notable literary works
764:
is a four-lined verse consisting of alternating, roughly rhyming lines. The first and second lines sometimes appear completely disconnected in meaning from the third and fourth, but there is almost invariably a link of some sort. Whether it be a mere association of ideas, or of feeling, expressed
206:. However, they are always connected by the rhymes and other verbal associations, such as puns and repeating sounds. There is also an oblique but necessary relationship and the first statement often turns out to be a metaphor for the second one. The most popular form of
909:
becoming the first and third lines of the following stanza. Finally, the first and third lines of the first stanza become the second and fourth lines of the last stanza, usually in reverse order so that the first and last lines of the poem are identical. This form of
627:
are used in the customary verbal exchange in a Malay wedding (or engagement) ceremony, especially as part of the culturally sanctioned greetings between the representatives of the bridegroom and the bride upon their arrival at the bride house. As an expressive tool,
101:
712:) to recount religious or local historical tales to the accompaniment of a drum, although this appears to be modern adaptations, as writers from the early 20th century like H Overbeck and JJ De Hollander noted that a tradition similar to
2123:
620:
is an important instrument of communication in various social, cultural, and economic activities. It is used traditionally to express feelings, to give advice, to exchange quizzes, and also to sweeten conversations. For example,
604:
s are generally created in styles portraying various forms of figurative language. Elements of metaphors, similes, symbols, personifications, eponyms, allusions, idioms and proverbs are abound in the elegantly compacted Malay
414:
supported this opinion, noting that in many
Austronesian languages, words which suggest 'something set out in rows' gradually gain the new meaning of 'well-arranged words', in prose or in poetry. Ari Welianto suggested that
1998:
245:. It also thrived as a natural part in the daily communication of traditional Malay society and served as the important expressive tool in Malay songs, rituals, performing arts and in all form of storytelling.
2116:
2101:
775:
is highly allusive and in order to understand it, readers generally need to know the traditional meaning of the symbols the poem employs. An example (followed by a translation by
Katharine Sim):
2109:
2736:
672:. The skill in performing these poems is to recite in a way to suggest a form of singing while at the same time conjure up the ability to engage in quick, witty and subtle dialogue.
500:
through trade routes, ports, and migrations and became the most dynamic single literary form. Today, it is known in at least 40 dialects of Malay, and 35 non-Malay languages, in the
758:
is traditionally recited according to a fixed rhythm and as a rule of thumb, in order not to deviate from the rhythm, every line should contain between eight and 12 syllables. "The
2457:
2137:
2790:
1880:
Characterisation in
Hikayat Hang Tuah: A General Survey of Methods of Character-portrayal and Analysis and Interpretation of the Characters of Hang Tuah and Hang Jebat
2076:
29:
2399:
1092:
212:
is the quatrain (four lines), and the couplet (two-lines), which both featured prominently in the literature and modern popular culture.
1933:
1915:
1896:
1868:
1849:
1813:
1965:
1710:
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1442:
890:. The last line means a girl who is protected by a powerful man, and Sim suggests this may refer to Raffles's wife Olivia.
2497:
254:
2314:
678:
possesses a wealth of verbal art. A largely nonwritten tradition of reciting expressive, often witty quatrains called
572:
views of life and their surroundings, and utilized to express an endless range of emotions and ideas. As a symbol of
182:
is a disjunctive form of poetry which always come in two parts, the first part being the prefatory statement called
2581:
1136:
292:
242:
2688:
849:
often makes use of proverbs as well as geographical and historical allusions, for example, the following poem by
827:. Other frequently recurring symbols are the flower and the bee, indicating a girl and her lover, the squirrel (
2392:
1805:
850:
148:
used to express intricate ideas and emotions. It generally consists of even-numbered lines and based on ABAB
2785:
505:
2442:
634:
are also used extensively in the lyrics of traditional Malay songs that tuned to the popular rhythms like
359:
2706:
2028:
Twentieth
Century Impressions of British Malaya: Its History, People, Commerce, Industries, and Resources
2678:
2422:
411:
1943:
Muhammad Haji Salleh (2011). "Sailing the
Archipelago in a boat of rhymes: Pantun in the Malay world".
2228:
194:
that has no immediate logical or the narrative connection with the second or closing statement called
2764:
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2514:
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422:
363:
349:
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predates literacy and maybe as old as the Malay language itself, Muhammad Haji Salleh believe that
402:
2196:
2487:
2432:
2408:
1109:
727:
722:'s traditional literature forms the foundation of complex mixed-genre performances, such as the
1070:
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that consists of interwoven quatrains, was introduced to
Western poetry in the 19th century by
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2013:
1961:
1929:
1911:
1892:
1864:
1845:
1809:
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or through the faintest nuance of thought, it is nearly always traceable" (Sim, page 12). The
479:
2574:
1492:
1148:
1078:
372:
278:
45:
2277:
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may be as old, or precedes the
Classical Malay language itself, grew and spread during the
39:
2507:
2447:
1121:
734:, which blends instrumental music, dance, drama, and martial arts in ceremonial settings.
523:
501:
2746:
2569:
2250:
2053:(1). Department of Education Drama, Dance and Music, Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia.
834:
653:
543:
460:
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date back to the 15th century
Malacca Sultanate, although some historians believe that
149:
56:
49:
2212:
2070:
2779:
2701:
2529:
2502:
2065:
1480:
1075:
Proceedings of the
International Conference on Arts and Design Education (ICADE 2018)
381:
345:
270:
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has exercised the most influence on
Western literature, in which it is known as the
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2564:
2559:
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749:
731:
595:
590:
573:
569:
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1825:"The Role of Pantun as Cultural Identity for Nusantara in 21st Century and Beyond"
273:: سڤنتون) meaning 'same as'. The word is used to signify a proverbial metaphor or
2086:
1385:
1293:
1050:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 2020
568:
originated as a traditional oral form of expression, manifesting the traditional
2519:
2427:
2355:
899:
may consist of a series of interwoven quatrains, in which case it is known as a
818:
669:
547:
527:
145:
128:
60:
1407:
1339:
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during Malacca era was featured in the most important Malay literary text, the
2334:
1152:
946:
905:. This follows the ABAB rhyme scheme with the second and fourth lines of each
665:
515:
1926:
Austronesian soundscapes : performing arts in Oceania and Southeast Asia
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883:
766:
719:
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639:
464:
456:
452:
228:
91:
77:
2045:
Tengku Ritawati (2018). "Pantun in The Text of Nyanyian Lagu Melayu Asli".
1497:
295:. The archaic meaning of pantun in Malay language also refers to a form of
2646:
2217:
1882:. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
1700:
941:
936:
661:
81:
2350:
2244:
2080:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 686.
1746:
1481:"Sailing the Archipelago in a boat of rhymes: Pantun in the Malay World"
2606:
2544:
2298:
2017:
931:
918:
551:
296:
288:
141:
64:
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culture emphasised the importance of polite and indirect expressions,
2601:
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2233:
2169:
906:
723:
519:
274:
1824:
2320:
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding
1908:
The Music of Malaysia: The Classical, Folk and Syncretic Traditions
2596:
2591:
2539:
2339:
2201:
2185:
951:
643:
635:
305:
as poetry, that are still generally created in styles portraying
2476:
811:
literally means 'a floating coconut shell at sixes and sevens'.
697:
584:
526:, signifies its preeminent position as a cultural symbol in the
241:
and is regarded as a high art and has been the integral part of
2381:
2318:
2105:
684:
is common in most Malay areas throughout the archipelago. Some
652:
can be found as a structural support for art performances like
2377:
821:') implies 'lover', because it rhymes with the word for that,
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132:
1977:
Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
2096:
2737:
Minangkabau Culture Documentation and Information Center
718:
did not exist in Javanese at that time. Indeed, much of
299:
used for indirect references, which has similar role to
1975:
Overbeck, Hans Friedrich (1922). "The Malay Pantun".
1686:
1638:
1626:
1578:
1566:
1208:
2727:
2687:
2671:
2655:
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2415:
1705:(Cet. 1 ed.). Jakarta: Wedatama Widya Sastra.
112:
107:
97:
87:
73:
21:
2138:National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia
1137:"Unconsummated metaphor in the Minangkabau pantun"
877: A burgeon of flower in the dragon's mouth.
426:
366:
2087:"A Famous Pantun from Marsden's Malayan Grammar"
2047:Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education
2000:Papers on Malay subjects : Life and Customs
1983:. Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.
405:
2236:, art of boatbuilding in South Sulawesi (2017)
1802:Alam Pantun Melayu: Studies on the Malay pantun
1674:
855:
777:
1372:
707:
691:
2393:
2117:
2031:. Lloyd's Greater Britain Publishing Company.
1990:More than a Pantun: Understanding Malay Verse
748:consists of a quatrain which employs an ABAB
375:
8:
2038:Ilmu Mengarang Melayu (Malay Writing Skills)
1992:. Singapore: Times Publishing International.
1554:
1071:"Singing Keroncong and the Values Behind it"
843:) meaning love that will not take root. The
455:, and most probably from around the city of
231:era, where the founder of Malacca was from.
2400:
2386:
2378:
2327:
2315:
2157:
2124:
2110:
2102:
1906:Matusky, Patricia; Tan, Sooi Beng (2004),
1326:
1280:
396:
390:
384:
158:consists of two lines better known as the
38:
1496:
1082:
970:
482:contain the earliest written examples of
263:is thought to evolve from the Malay word
2791:Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
1733:
1542:
1530:
1244:
1141:School of Oriental & African Studies
352:suggested that the word originates from
2010:A history of classical Malay literature
1889:A History of Classical Malay Literature
1614:
1466:
1360:
1006:
982:
963:
873: Tuan Raffles has become its lord,
348::تونتون) or 'to guide'. Alternatively,
2003:. 1. Kuala Lumpur: F.M.S. Govt. Press.
1842:Pantun Melayu : bingkisan permata
1602:
1518:
1314:
1232:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1117:
1107:
1030:
1018:
994:
800: I am all confused and helpless.
332:('guider'), from noun-building prefix
18:
2249:Three Genres of Traditional Dance in
1662:
866: Kembang sekuntum di mulut naga.
785: Sudah bertangkai diurung semut,
358:and its similar sounding variants in
7:
1650:
1590:
1428:
1268:
1256:
1220:
410:('polite' or 'worthy of respect').
1783:
1771:
1077:. Vol. 255. pp. 137–138.
789: Halai-balai tempurung hanyut.
582:are known to be the reflections of
30:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
882:This alludes to the foundation of
796: Grown, it swarmed with ants,
794:I planted sweet-basil in mid-field
696:traditions of central and eastern
14:
1410:. Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu
1388:. Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu
1342:. Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu
1296:. Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu
875:Chinese jasmine, purple magnolia,
550:, that forms the basis of modern
215:The earliest literary records of
2760:
2759:
2448:The formation of Negeri Sembilan
2349:
2333:
2292:
2276:
2260:
2243:
2227:
2211:
2195:
2179:
2163:
2145:
2132:
2085:Heer, Nicholas (6 August 2008).
1702:Puisi Jawa struktur dan estetika
862: Tuan Raffles menjadi raja,
690:performances are narrative; the
2458:The role of Minangkabau in PRRI
2008:Winstedt, Richard Olaf (1969).
1891:. ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
1800:Daillie, Francois-Rene (1988).
783:Tanam selasih di tengah padang,
646:. Other notable application of
1960:. University of Malaya Press.
1928:. Amsterdam University Press.
1479:Haji Salleh, Muhammad (2011).
833:) implying a seducer, and the
514:among hybrid communities like
281:commonly found in traditional
1:
1958:Pantun: The poetry of passion
1956:Muhammad Haji Salleh (2018).
1863:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
1699:Saputra, Karsono H. (2001).
808:halai-Balai tempurung hanyut
787:Kita kasih orang tak sayang,
742:In its most basic form, the
164:in Malay, while the longest
2040:. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
2012:. Oxford University Press.
1443:"Struktur dan Jenis Pantun"
1441:Ari Welianto (2020-03-03).
871:Singapore is a new country,
706:structure (which is called
504:and many of the islands of
439:Some scholars believe that
320:Other theory suggests that
2807:
2488:Minangkabau historiography
864:Bunga melur, cempaka biru,
498:spread from Malay language
451:form grew and spread from
380:('skillful arrangement'),
362:, with multiple meanings;
311:(indirect references) and
293:classical Malay literature
243:classical Malay literature
2755:
2616:Minangkabau architecture
2325:
2312:
2155:
1997:Wilkinson, R. J. (1908).
1753:. Encyclopædia Britannica
1687:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2011
1639:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2018
1627:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2011
1579:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2011
1567:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2011
1209:Muhammad Haji Salleh 2018
1153:10.1080/03062849408729808
1069:Milyartini, Rita (2018).
798:I loved but am not loved,
714:
630:
546:and later popularised by
532:
510:
493:
417:
326:originated from the word
322:
301:
283:
233:
223:
217:
208:
178:
166:
154:
134:
133:
37:
26:
2092:. Washington University.
1887:Liaw, Yock Fang (2013).
1823:Ding, Choo Ming (2008).
1806:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
1084:10.2991/icade-18.2019.31
860:Singapura negeri baharu,
491:For at least 500 years,
2545:Saluang/Minangkabau Ney
2077:Encyclopædia Britannica
2025:Wright, Arnold (1908).
1988:Sim, Katharine (1987).
1859:Hirsch, Edward (2014).
1840:Harun Mat Piah (2007).
1135:Chadwick, R.J. (1994).
506:Maritime Southeast Asia
427:
406:
397:
391:
385:
367:
173:pantun enam belas kerat
2443:Minangkabau Malaysians
1924:Abels, Birgit (2011).
1829:Southeast Asia Journal
1617:, p. 79 & 149
1498:10.17510/wjhi.v13i1.10
1363:, p. 79 & 149
1271:, p. 6,7 & 13
912:
901:
895:
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859:
845:
839:
829:
823:
813:
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781:
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708:
702:
692:
686:
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648:
623:
616:
607:
600:
578:
564:
538:
484:
469:
467:became more dominant,
447:
441:
376:
360:Austronesian languages
354:
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328:
313:
307:
265:
259:
202:
196:
190:
184:
172:
160:
2679:Islam in West Sumatra
2582:Minangkabau merchants
2423:Minangkabau homelands
1878:Kassim Ahmad (1966).
431:which means "guide".
2702:Bodi-Chaniago system
2550:Talempong/Caklempong
2515:Minangkabau marriage
2498:Minangkabau folklore
2438:Minangkabau diaspora
1844:. Yayasan Karyawan.
1675:Tengku Ritawati 2018
888:Sir Stamford Raffles
700:, for instance, use
508:. The popularity of
371:('well organized'),
102:Asia and the Pacific
2742:Adityawarman Museum
2707:Koto-Piliang system
2612:Songket Minangkabau
2525:Minangkabau cuisine
1373:Harun Mat Piah 2007
421:is originated from
395:('well arranged'),
108:Inscription history
2556:Minangkabau dance
1677:, pp. 105–106
805:According to Sim,
614:In Malay culture,
55:writing using the
2773:
2772:
2697:Minangkabau clans
2535:Minangkabau music
2375:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2307:
2306:
1861:A Poet's Glossary
1555:Kassim Ahmad 1966
1094:978-94-6252-671-6
480:Hikayat Hang Tuah
401:('to lead'), and
120:
119:
16:Malay poetic form
2798:
2763:
2762:
2689:Tribes and clans
2402:
2395:
2388:
2379:
2353:
2337:
2328:
2316:
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2280:
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2231:
2215:
2199:
2183:
2167:
2158:
2150:
2149:
2136:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2103:
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2081:
2073:
2054:
2041:
2032:
2021:
2004:
1993:
1984:
1971:
1952:
1939:
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1902:
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1147:(1994): 83–113.
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868:
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791:
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763:
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747:
717:
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689:
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651:
633:
632:
626:
619:
610:
603:
594:('manners'). As
581:
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286:
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279:figure of speech
268:
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161:pantun dua kerat
157:
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139:
138:
136:
42:
19:
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2797:
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2774:
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2729:
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2508:Sabai Nan Aluih
2462:
2416:General history
2411:
2406:
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2370:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2344:
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2184:
2174:
2168:
2151:
2144:
2130:
2089:
2084:
2064:
2061:
2044:
2036:Za'aba (1962).
2035:
2024:
2007:
1996:
1987:
1974:
1968:
1955:
1942:
1936:
1923:
1918:
1905:
1899:
1886:
1877:
1871:
1858:
1852:
1839:
1822:
1816:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1766:
1756:
1754:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1732:
1728:
1713:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1625:
1621:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1597:
1589:
1585:
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1452:
1450:
1449:(in Indonesian)
1440:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1203:
1195:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1116:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1013:
1005:
1001:
993:
989:
981:
977:
969:
965:
960:
928:
879:
876:
874:
872:
870:
869:
865:
863:
861:
851:Munshi Abdullah
802:
799:
797:
795:
793:
792:
788:
786:
784:
782:
740:
732:western Sumatra
588:('customs) and
560:
524:Kristang people
502:Malay Peninsula
437:
251:
176:have 16 lines.
152:. The shortest
150:rhyming schemes
69:
68:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2804:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2786:Poems in Malay
2778:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2747:Orkes Gumarang
2744:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2693:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2347:
2345:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2290:
2288:
2274:
2272:
2258:
2256:
2241:
2239:
2225:
2223:
2209:
2207:
2193:
2191:
2177:
2175:
2161:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2082:
2071:"Pantun"
2068:, ed. (1911).
2066:Chisholm, Hugh
2060:
2059:External links
2057:
2056:
2055:
2042:
2033:
2022:
2005:
1994:
1985:
1972:
1966:
1953:
1940:
1935:978-9089640857
1934:
1921:
1917:978-0754608318
1916:
1903:
1898:978-9814459884
1897:
1884:
1875:
1870:978-0151011957
1869:
1856:
1851:978-9814459884
1850:
1837:
1820:
1815:978-9836203106
1814:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1776:
1764:
1751:Britannica.com
1738:
1726:
1711:
1691:
1679:
1667:
1655:
1643:
1631:
1619:
1607:
1595:
1593:, pp. 6–7
1583:
1571:
1559:
1557:, pp. 1–3
1547:
1535:
1523:
1511:
1485:Wacana Journal
1471:
1459:
1433:
1421:
1399:
1377:
1365:
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1331:
1319:
1307:
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1237:
1225:
1213:
1201:
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1127:
1118:|journal=
1093:
1061:
1048:ich.unesco.org
1035:
1023:
1011:
999:
987:
975:
971:Wilkinson 1908
962:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
927:
924:
902:pantun berkait
856:
840:bunga kiambang
835:water hyacinth
778:
739:
736:
654:Dondang sayang
559:
556:
544:Ernest Fouinet
539:pantun berkait
436:
433:
250:
247:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
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99:
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43:
35:
34:
27:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2803:
2792:
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2758:
2757:
2754:
2748:
2745:
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2740:
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2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:organizations
2726:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
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2600:
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2557:
2555:
2551:
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2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:Makan bajamba
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2503:Malin Kundang
2501:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2478:
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2426:
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2421:
2420:
2418:
2414:
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2403:
2398:
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2391:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2359:
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2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2311:
2302:
2300:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2115:
2113:
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2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1967:9789831009765
1963:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1910:, Routledge,
1909:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1786:, p. 40.
1785:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1765:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1734:Overbeck 1922
1730:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1608:
1605:, p. 441
1604:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1548:
1545:, p. 137
1544:
1543:Winstedt 1969
1539:
1536:
1533:, p. 137
1532:
1531:Winstedt 1969
1527:
1524:
1521:, p. 440
1520:
1515:
1512:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1434:
1431:, p. 442
1430:
1425:
1422:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1354:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1329:, p. 219
1328:
1323:
1320:
1317:, p. 230
1316:
1311:
1308:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1283:, p. 219
1282:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1259:, p. 442
1258:
1253:
1250:
1247:, p. 137
1246:
1245:Winstedt 1969
1241:
1238:
1235:, p. 440
1234:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1199:, p. 440
1198:
1193:
1190:
1187:, p. 440
1186:
1181:
1178:
1175:, p. 440
1174:
1169:
1166:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1065:
1062:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1033:, p. 440
1032:
1027:
1024:
1021:, p. 230
1020:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1000:
997:, p. 440
996:
991:
988:
984:
979:
976:
972:
967:
964:
957:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
925:
923:
921:
920:
914:
908:
903:
897:
891:
889:
885:
878:
867:
854:
852:
847:
841:
836:
831:
825:
820:
815:
809:
801:
790:
776:
773:
768:
762:
756:
751:
746:
737:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
710:
704:
699:
694:
688:
682:
677:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
645:
641:
637:
625:
618:
612:
609:
602:
597:
593:
592:
587:
586:
580:
575:
571:
566:
557:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
529:
525:
521:
517:
507:
503:
499:
489:
486:
481:
477:
471:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
443:
434:
432:
429:
424:
413:
408:
404:
399:
393:
387:
383:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
356:
351:
347:
342:
338:and the verb
336:
330:
318:
317:(analogies).
315:
309:
298:
294:
290:
280:
276:
272:
267:
261:
256:
253:According to
248:
246:
244:
240:
230:
213:
204:
198:
192:
186:
174:
162:
151:
147:
143:
130:
126:
125:
115:
111:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
51:
47:
41:
36:
32:
31:
25:
20:
2636:
2620:Rumah gadang
2491:
2475:
2348:
2332:
2291:
2282:
2275:
2267:Pencak silat
2259:
2242:
2226:
2210:
2194:
2178:
2162:
2075:
2050:
2046:
2037:
2027:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1980:
1976:
1957:
1948:
1944:
1925:
1907:
1888:
1879:
1860:
1841:
1832:
1828:
1801:
1779:
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1750:
1741:
1729:
1701:
1694:
1689:, p. 92
1682:
1670:
1665:, p. 81
1658:
1653:, p. 13
1646:
1634:
1629:, p. 80
1622:
1615:Daillie 1988
1610:
1598:
1586:
1581:, p. 78
1574:
1569:, p. 78
1562:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1488:
1484:
1474:
1467:Daillie 1988
1462:
1451:. Retrieved
1446:
1436:
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1380:
1375:, p. 58
1368:
1361:Daillie 1988
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1334:
1322:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1288:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1223:, p. 13
1216:
1211:, p. 46
1204:
1192:
1180:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1144:
1140:
1130:
1098:. Retrieved
1074:
1064:
1052:. Retrieved
1047:
1038:
1026:
1014:
1009:, p. 38
1007:Daillie 1988
1002:
990:
985:, p. 38
983:Daillie 1988
978:
973:, p. 28
966:
917:
893:Sometimes a
892:
881:
857:
804:
779:
750:rhyme scheme
741:
674:
613:
589:
583:
561:
530:. A type of
490:
476:Malay Annals
438:
389:('thread'),
382:Old Javanese
350:Brandstetter
319:
277:, a type of
252:
239:Malay Annals
214:
123:
122:
121:
67:, Indonesia)
61:Jawi scripts
52:
44:A bilingual
28:
2663:Minangkabau
2428:Dharmasraya
2409:Minangkabau
2356:Saman dance
1757:19 December
1736:, p. 4
1641:, p. 2
1603:Hirsch 2014
1519:Hirsch 2014
1469:, p. 3
1327:Za'aba 1962
1315:Wright 1908
1281:Za'aba 1962
1233:Hirsch 2014
1197:Hirsch 2014
1185:Hirsch 2014
1173:Hirsch 2014
1031:Hirsch 2014
1019:Wright 1908
995:Hirsch 2014
886:in 1819 by
819:sweet basil
738:Description
728:Minangkabau
670:Dikir barat
548:Victor Hugo
528:Malay world
423:Minangkabau
364:Kapampangan
257:, the word
146:poetic form
113:Inscription
2780:Categories
2575:Pasambahan
2520:Matriarchy
2433:Pagaruyung
2097:Pantun.com
2018:B0006CJ8PU
1784:Sim (1987)
1772:Sim (1987)
1712:9799653010
1663:Abels 2011
1504:19 January
1453:2020-09-19
1447:Kompas.com
1414:17 January
1392:17 January
1386:"penuntun"
1346:17 January
1300:17 January
1294:"sepantun"
1158:21 January
1100:21 January
1054:20 January
958:References
947:Sisindiran
666:Mek Mulung
576:identity,
516:Peranakans
403:Toba Batak
2630:Balairung
2625:Rangkiang
2483:etymology
2453:Padri War
2142:Indonesia
1651:Ding 2008
1591:Ding 2008
1491:(1): 83.
1429:Liaw 2013
1269:Ding 2008
1257:Liaw 2013
1221:Ding 2008
1120:ignored (
1110:cite book
884:Singapore
767:assonance
720:Indonesia
676:Indonesia
658:Bangsawan
558:Tradition
465:Palembang
457:Palembang
453:Srivijaya
249:Etymology
229:Srivijaya
185:pembayang
88:Reference
78:Indonesia
2765:Category
2672:Religion
2656:Language
2647:Dubalang
2218:Angklung
1747:"Pantun"
1721:48100094
1408:"tuntun"
1340:"pantun"
1044:"Pantun"
942:Hainteny
937:Gurindam
926:See also
765:through
693:kentrung
662:Mak yong
428:patuntun
425:word of
412:Winstedt
398:matuntun
329:penuntun
289:proverbs
266:sepantun
191:sampiran
82:Malaysia
2728:Related
2607:Songket
2468:Culture
2358:(2012)
2342:(2011)
2301:(2021)
2299:Gamelan
2285:(2020)
2269:(2019)
2253:(2019)
2220:(2010)
2204:(2009)
2188:(2008)
2172:(2008)
1794:Sources
932:Pantoum
919:pantoum
824:kekasih
814:Selasih
726:of the
709:parikan
649:pantuns
631:pantuns
624:pantuns
608:pantuns
579:pantuns
552:pantoum
536:called
470:pantuns
463:. When
448:pantuns
442:pantuns
435:History
392:atuntun
373:Tagalog
297:proverb
142:Malayic
140:) is a
137:
74:Country
65:Lampung
57:Lampung
46:Lampung
2642:Nagari
2637:Pantun
2602:Tabuik
2587:Randai
2570:Indang
2565:Piring
2283:Pantun
2234:Pinisi
2170:Wayang
2016:
1964:
1945:Wacana
1932:
1914:
1895:
1867:
1848:
1812:
1719:
1709:
1091:
913:pantun
907:stanza
896:pantun
846:pantun
772:pantun
761:pantun
755:pantun
745:pantun
724:Randai
715:pantun
703:pantun
687:pantun
681:pantun
617:pantun
601:pantun
565:pantun
533:pantun
520:Chitty
511:pantun
494:pantun
485:pantun
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