666:– Originally, the Organizing Committee of the XXV Summer Olympic Games (COOB'92) as the first unified Organizing Committee, proposed to the ICC and the IOC the use of the same logo as the Olympic Games, but with the removal of the Olympic rings and in their place the word "Paralympics". Both the IOC and ICC rejected the proposal and in the second version the 5 pa used in Seoul were added. However, the proposal was again rejected. A third proposal was created and was accepted by the two committees. The new logo symbolized an individual (man or woman) in a dynamic attitude in a wheelchair, "a human figure in a sports attitude". This design was an adapted version of the Olympic logo, with a simple modification: the athlete's legs were replaced by a circle symbolizing the spinning world, a wheelchair, and the adapted sport.
955:, the Paralympic torch had the role is to maintain the engagement on the host country and keep the energy dissipated in the Olympic Games. With the exception of the 1992 Summer and 1994 Winter Games, when the Olympic flame was conserved at the host city for use at the Paralympic Games. Each city performed its specific ritual days after the closing ceremony and in a unique way respecting its local culture and since then it has been normal for each one to take the Paralympic relay to places where its Olympic counterpart did not go, as was the case in the Atlanta 1996 relay. The first time that the current Paralympic torch relay concept was used was for the
395:(ICC) modify the Paralympic logo due to the similarity between the five-pa symbol and the Olympic emblem, and therefore the potential for confusion between the two. In November 1991, IPC members voted against adopting a new logo comprising six overlapping pas in a circle (representing the then 6 IPC regions - Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Middle East and Oceania), opting instead to retain the five-pa symbol. Nevertheless, the IOC made it clear that it would refuse future collaborations with the IPC if the five-pa symbol remained in place.
835:. For the first time, a Paralympic Games shared the exact same emblem as its corresponding Olympics, with no difference or variation to reflect the two events, indicating common "ambitions". When shown to the public, it was explained that "In terms of legacy, Paris City believes that around the world, the people could strengthen the place of sport in their daily life and whatever the age, whatever the disability or ability, all the persons have a place and a role to play in the success of Paris 2024."
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959:. The Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympics and Paralympics Organizing Committee (SLOOC) selected 15 communities in the state of Utah to host their local celebrations between the period of March 1–4, 2002 when they lit their local flames. After the local stages were carried out and at the end each torch was sent inside a lantern to Salt Lake City. At the evening before the Opening ceremonies, the 15 flames were merged in a special cauldron at the front of the
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787:– "sochi2014.ru" was the only Paralympic emblem to include a web address. The mirror created by "Sochi" and "2014" reflects Sochi's status as a meeting point between sea and mountains. The same essential logo shape was used for both the Olympic and Paralympic Games, but with different colours and the agitos replacing the Olympic Rings. The emblem was released on 12 December 2009, 11 days after the emblem for the
699:– The Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games logo embodies the vitality of Sydney, the spirit of Australia, and the ability and achievement of the Paralympic athlete. The logo depicts a dynamic human form—represented by three graphic shapes—leaping triumphantly forward and "breaking through" towards the Paralympic Games in 2000. It also portrays the Paralympic torch and echoes the sails of Sydney's greatest landmark, the
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717:– The logo for the Salt Lake Paralympics can be split into three distinct parts making up the whole. The sphere at the top represents both the global unity and the new moment of the Paralympic Movement and also the head of the Paralympic athlete, which the overall logo appears to depict. The two broad fluid lines represent the athlete in motion with the three tae-guks, the then IPC logo, beneath the athlete.
735:. This design aimed to embody the strength and determination of the Paralympic athlete. It features the profile of an athlete looking forward, symbolising optimism for the future. At the same time, this human face attempts to reflect the individual's willpower and determination to succeed in all pursuits. The face's lines are smooth, and the chosen colours are warm and bright shades of orange.
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803:– This logo featured the Korean letter symbolising snow, ice, and the Paralympic athletes. The two letters together were said to portray a grand festival for the athletes, the audience, and everyone around the globe. The letters sitting side-by-side also signified equality, with South Korea's five cardinal colours being used to represent the uniqueness of each individual.
809:– The Paralympic emblem featured the same indigo-coloured checkerboard that was part of the Olympic logo, but positioned as hand fan in a circle form. The design was intended to "express a refined elegance and sophistication that exemplifies the Japanese design". The design replaced a previous design scrapped due to allegations that it plagiarized the logo of the
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1248:"In the name of all the competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Paralympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them, committing ourselves to a sport without doping and without drugs, in the true spirit of sportsmanship for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams."
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Each
Paralympic Games version has a unique emblem that exemplifies its vision and ideals, much like the Olympic Games. Every emblem is individual and respects the local design and personality of the host nation. Each Paralympic Games version has a unique emblem that exemplifies its vision and ideals,
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where bearers from all 10 provinces and 3 Canadian territories participated in the
Canadian capital, the flame was born through a ritual carried out by representatives of all Canadian indigenous nations who used their traditional methods to and in the end the ashes were collected and placed in a box
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had local legs. These rituals were performed in 9 selected cities and communities in
British Columbia. In the early hours of the morning of the day of the opening ceremony, all the boxes with the ashes were opened in a special ceremony also with the first peoples, and the Paralympic flame was born
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on 13 July 2004 in
Beijing, the logo for the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games was in the form of an athlete in motion. It was intended to embody the tremendous efforts that persons with a disability must make in sport as well as in everyday life. The three agitos colours were used in a different way,
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for "I move") is a symbol of movement in the shape of an asymmetrical crescent. The colours of the agitos with the white background represent the three most widely represented colours in national flags around the world. The three agitos encircle a centre point, to emphasize "the role that the
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and was published on 4 June 2007. It was similar to the traditional
Olympic logo with minor changes, notably the addition of the words "Paralympic Games" and the agitos in place of the Olympic Rings. A representation of the number 2012, the Paralympic agitos were embedded within the zero. The
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Paralympic Committee (IPC) has of bringing athletes from all corners of the world together and enabling them to compete". The shape also symbolises the Paralympic vision "to enable Paralympic athletes to achieve sporting excellence and inspire and excite the world".
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following the announcement of a national competition. It represents a simplified form of the
Chinese character ‘naga’ for Nagano. It also includes a rabbit jumping and playing in snow or on ice. This figure was combined with the Games details and the former IPC logo of three
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In the name of all coaches and other members of the athletes entourage, I promise that we shall commit ourselves to ensuring that the spirit of sportsmanship and fair play is fully adhered to and upheld in accordance with the fundamental principles of the
Paralympic
682:– Entitled "Starfire", the logo for the Atlanta Paralympics was meant to represent the fulfilment of an athlete's dream and the phoenix myth. The fifth point of the star, revealed by the ‘dynamic flow of the rings’ represents the fulfilment of the athletes’ quest.
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October 2019, the IPC unveiled a new corporate identity and a refreshed version of the emblem; the three crescents were changed to have a "stricter" geometry with consistent shapes and alignment, and the colours were brightened to match those used in the
859:- The emblems for the 2028 Summer Olympics and Paralympics were unveiled on September 1, 2020, featuring an "A" reflecting the cultural diversity of Los Angeles. The "final A" will be revealed during the closing ceremony of the 2024 Summer Paralympic Games.
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for various
Paralympic emblems. Those designs incorporates their version of the Paralympic symbol, used at the time, the name and year of the event, and one or more distinctive and cultural elements of the host country or city to identify the event.
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2027:, usually an animal native to the area or occasionally human figures representing the cultural heritage. Nowadays, most of the merchandise aimed at young people focuses on the mascots, rather than the Paralympic flag or organization logos.
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standard colours are also green, magenta, orange and blue. In order to differentiate the two logos, tactile and colourful lines and marks were used within the number 2012. The emblem was released on the same day as the emblem for the
1266:"In the name of all the judges and officials, I promise that we shall officiate in these Paralympic Games with complete impartiality, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship."
574:(IPC) to approve Paralympic emblems for the Paralympic Games. The Paralympic emblems are used in promotional materials, by sponsors, and on the uniforms of every Paralympic competitor. All emblems are the property of the
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326:. The IPC also announced a new "brand narrative" of "Change Starts with Sport", to "better communicate the transformational impact the Paralympic Movement has on society and drive the human rights agenda."
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Following the Games, calls emerged for the "heritage flame" to become a permanent tradition of the Paralympics. In August 2013, this process was made official as part of a partnership between the IPC and
1064:. In October 2023, it was announced that future Paralympic torch relays would officially begin with a flame created in Stoke Mandeville, in a direct parallel to the traditional Olympic flame lighting in
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representing the sun (red), the sky (blue) and the earth (green). They were also intended to reflect the integration of heart, body, and spirit, which are at the core values of
963:.At the early hours of the next morning, the last leg of the 2002 Winter Paralympic flame relay started and during the Opening Ceremonies the Paralympic cauldron was lit by
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The Paralympic symbol consists of three agitos, coloured red, blue, and green, the three colours that are most widely represented in national flags around the world.
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as a modernisation of a tri-coloured emblem first adopted in 1992. It was used in a formal capacity for the first time during the closing ceremony of the
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was announced as the emblem of the 2026 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. The Paralympic version is recoloured with a red, blue, and green
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on it. The Paralympic Order is awarded to individuals for particularly distinguished contribution to the Paralympic Movement.
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was introduced in 2004 at the Paralympic Games in Athens. The previous motto was "Mind, Body, Spirit", introduced in 1994.
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703:. The logo cast by the three Paralympic colors represented by Australia's unique shades of these colors: the rich blue of
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The Paralympic medals awarded to winners are another symbol associated with the Paralympic Games. The medals are made of
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The Paralympic Order is the highest award of the Paralympic Movement. The recipients get a medal with the
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generating sparks with her wheelchair to create the flame, and the torch lit by fellow wheelchair athlete
1028:, in honour of its role as the birthplace of the Paralympic movement. The four flames were transported to
819:– This logo featured a paralympic seated skier with a Chinese ribbon motif and the Chinese character "飞" (
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Following this agreement between the IOC and the IPC, the five-pa symbol would be discontinued after the
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The judge, also from the host nation, holds a corner of the flag but takes a slightly different oath:
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For each Paralympic Games, the medals are designed differently, reflecting the host of the games.
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The coach, from the host nation, holds a corner of the flag but takes a slightly different oath:
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831:- The emblem for the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympics was unveiled on 21 October 2019 at the
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2856:"First ever Heritage Flame lit at Stoke Mandeville in a historic moment for Paralympic Movement"
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841:- On 30 March 2021, following a public vote between two candidates, a design named "Futura" by
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in Athens, where a new Paralympic flag with the emblem was handed over to Beijing, host of the
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2805:"Bid to make Stoke Mandeville permanent home of Paralympic Torch lighting gathers momentum"
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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314:. The agitos were used as part of the Paralympics branding for the first time at the
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International Coordinating Committee of World Sports Organizations for the Disabled
2601:"Athletes, artists and celebrities create unique logos for the 2028 L.A. Olympics"
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984:.In addition to Ottawa, outside British Columbia, local celebrations were held in
688:– The logo design selected for the Nagano 1998 Winter Paralympics was designed by
2627:"Celebrities, Artists, Athletes Contribute To Animated Logo For 2028 LA Olympics"
2575:"L.A. 2028 unveils dynamic Olympics logo, updated by athletes and celeb creators"
2524:"Milan Cortina 2026 unveil "Futura" design as Winter Olympic and Paralympic logo"
2831:"Stoke Mandeville set to become permanent home for lighting of Paralympic Flame"
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when indigenous celebrations were held between 3–12 March 2010. They started in
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An introduction to emblems and mascots of Paralympic Games (photos attached)
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The athlete, from the team of the organizing country, holds a corner of the
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Athletes and judges that have taken the Paralympic Oath are listed below.
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China opens Beijing Paralympic Games in celebration of life and humanity
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The first Paralympic Oath was taken at the first Paralympic Games, in
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Starting in 2022, the International Paralympic Committee introduced
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The current version of the Paralympic flag was first flown in 2019.
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380:. The first Paralympic flag used five pas arranged similarly to the
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3244:"IPC introduces PLY post-nominal titles to recognise Paralympians"
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International Paralympic Committee – The IPC logo, motto and flag
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The Paralympic Oath is recited at the opening ceremonies of each
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IPC Handbook – Bylaws Governance and Organizational Structure
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2077:. International Paralympic Committee. 2003. Archived from
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3179:"Sochi 2014 Paralympic Opening Ceremony lights up Russia"
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officiating Paralympic referees and other officials, and
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The first designated Paralympic logo was created for the
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The symbol of the Paralympic Games is composed of three "
3258:"The Paralympic pioneers who helped create a PLY legacy"
2550:"'Futura' is the official emblem of Milano Cortina 2026"
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Vancouver 2010 paralympic games Emblem Graphic standards
2348:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2329:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2275:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2125:"No. 18: The Agitos, the Paralympic symbol is unveiled"
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The concept used in these editions was refined for the
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2735:"Mountain cauldrons will spark Paralympic torch relay"
1303:. The first oath (an Athlete's Oath) was taken at the
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coaches and other members of the athletes entourage.
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The Paralympic flag has a white background, with the
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Beijing Paralympics Emblem unveiled (photo attached)
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The second Paralympic symbol (1994–2004) used three
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Athlete first: a history of the paralympic movement
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338:The first Paralympic symbol (1988–1994) used five
3098:, English People's Daily Online, 7 September 2008
2173:"IPC Launches New Look: Change Starts with Sport"
2339:Emblems of Paralympic Summer Games – Athens 2004
993:and made its way to the opening ceremony at the
265:The Paralympic motto is "Spirit in Motion". The
2992:"Graeme Connors adds Lyrics to Paralympic Hymn"
2712:"London 2012: Scouts to spark Paralympic flame"
2692:"2010 Paralympic Torch Relay: Daily Highlights"
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2667:"Journey of Fire lites the Paralympic Spirit"
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2656:, Get Set – London 2012 Education Programme
2228:Vom Rehabilitationssport zu den Paralympics
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1973:List of recipients of the Paralympic Order
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1295:. The Paralympic Oath is identical to the
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491:Learn how and when to remove this message
72:Learn how and when to remove this message
3275:Official site of the Paralympic Movement
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3153:"Paralympic Games 'return home' to UK"
3108:Paralympic Games kick off in Vancouver
2881:Fullbrook, By Danny (6 October 2023).
2449:"Get involved: Handover - London 2012"
2423:"Get involved: Handover – London 2012"
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2160:International Paralympic Committee
2129:International Paralympic Committee
1313:Paralympic Games in London in 2012
1139:International Paralympic Committee
572:International Paralympic Committee
391:(IOC) formally requested that the
251:International Paralympic Committee
25:
3042:"Summary of the Opening Ceremony"
2907:Burke, Patrick (6 October 2023).
2803:Goddard, Emily (3 January 2013).
2733:Taylor, Jerome (15 August 2012).
2397:"London 2012 logo to be unveiled"
3534:1984 New York / Stoke Mandeville
3316:
3151:Michael Hirst (30 August 2012).
2768:Williams, Tim (22 August 2012).
1327:
1309:Olympic Games in Sapporo in 1972
1305:Olympic Games in Antwerp in 1920
902:
878:
760:as well as the Paralympic Games.
570:It is the responsibility of the
564:Category:Winter Paralympic Games
560:Category:Summer Paralympic Games
507:
445:
94:
33:
3736:Anthems of sports organizations
3025:Paralympic Winter Games History
389:International Olympic Committee
370:: 巴}, two of which make up the
3200:The Paralympian – Issue 1/2010
3181:. paralympic.org. 7 March 2014
3117:, National Post, 12 March 2010
2829:Butler, Nick (8 August 2013).
1080:silver (commonly described as
1046:Buckinghamshire County Council
522:format but may read better as
358:decorative component called a
1:
3710:Postponed to 2021 due to the
2500:(in Italian). 30 March 2021.
555:much like the Olympic Games.
3136:, AbbyNews.com, 8 March 2010
2075:"New Logo and Motto for IPC"
1626:José Manuel Rodríguez Ibáñez
772:– This logo was designed by
376:symbol at the center of the
821:
471:the claims made and adding
354:and based on a traditional
198:European Para Championships
3752:
3374:
3046:Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2714:. BBC News. 15 August 2012
2149:New Logo and Motto for IPC
2037:List of Paralympic mascots
2012:
1997:. It was first awarded to
1970:
1196:Australian country singer
384:and coloured identically.
249:, and symbols used by the
3708:
3638:1992 Tignes / Albertville
3428:
3337:
3328:
2654:Games symbols and mascots
1953:
1951:
1941:
1927:
1924:
1914:
1900:
1895:
1885:
1336:This section needs to be
1131:
1124:
1118:
1110:
1030:Stoke Mandeville Hospital
926:
888:
886:
877:
873:
753:China Millennium Monument
3698:2034 Salt Lake City–Utah
2743:. London. Archived from
2382:26 February 2010 at the
2325:7 September 2008 at the
1054:Stoke Mandeville Stadium
743:Benincasa-Husmann Studio
3544:1992 Barcelona / Madrid
1943:2024 Summer Paralympics
1916:2022 Winter Paralympics
1887:2020 Summer Paralympics
1871:2018 Winter Paralympics
1853:2016 Summer Paralympics
1835:2014 Winter Paralympics
1817:2012 Summer Paralympics
1798:2010 Winter Paralympics
1779:2008 Summer Paralympics
1760:2006 Winter Paralympics
1734:2004 Summer Paralympics
1717:2002 Winter Paralympics
1698:2000 Summer Paralympics
1672:1998 Winter Paralympics
1655:1996 Summer Paralympics
1638:1994 Winter Paralympics
1621:1992 Summer Paralympics
1597:1992 Winter Paralympics
1580:1988 Summer Paralympics
1565:1988 Winter Paralympics
1534:1984 Summer Paralympics
1519:1984 Winter Paralympics
1500:1980 Summer Paralympics
1485:1980 Winter Paralympics
1468:1976 Summer Paralympics
1453:1976 Winter Paralympics
1436:1972 Summer Paralympics
1419:1968 Summer Paralympics
1402:1964 Summer Paralympics
1385:1960 Summer Paralympics
1133:Official anthem of the
1050:2014 Winter Paralympics
1002:2012 Summer Paralympics
973:2010 Winter Paralympics
957:2002 Winter Paralympics
953:1988 Summer Paralympics
949:2010 Winter Paralympics
655:Tignes-Albertville 1992
531:converting this section
431:2004 Summer Paralympics
419:1994 Winter Paralympics
412:1992 Winter Paralympics
348:1988 Summer Paralympics
316:2006 Winter Paralympics
312:2008 Summer Paralympics
308:2004 Summer Paralympics
3464:Participating nations
3029:U.S. Olympic Committee
2969:26 August 2016 at the
2528:www.insidethegames.biz
2479:4 January 2016 at the
2241:), Sportmuseum Leipzig
2202:www.insidethegames.biz
729:Erichthonius of Athens
707:, the warm red of the
407:
343:
287:
203:Parapan American Games
3132:12 March 2010 at the
3052:on 12 September 2008.
1048:; beginning with the
943:Flame and torch relay
889:The Paralympic agitos
401:
337:
285:
3205:19 June 2010 at the
3071:19 June 2010 at the
2697:5 March 2010 at the
2363:6 March 2010 at the
2344:26 July 2009 at the
2271:4 March 2010 at the
2233:5 March 2012 at the
2154:6 April 2008 at the
1181:, also known as the
1104:Anthem of the Future
304:Scholz & Friends
3684:2026 Milano Cortina
3653:2002 Salt Lake City
3574:2016 Rio de Janeiro
3281:The Paralympic Flag
2777:The Daily Telegraph
2673:on 11 December 2004
2429:on 4 September 2012
2253:, by Steve Bailey,
1751:Vlassis Tamvakieras
1366:
1301:Pierre de Coubertin
1235:while reciting the
1121:
870:
839:Milano Cortina 2026
378:flag of South Korea
3731:Paralympic symbols
3348:Final torchbearers
3322:Paralympic symbols
2635:. 1 September 2020
2581:. 1 September 2020
2266:Paralympic Emblems
2204:. 13 February 2020
2015:Paralympic mascots
1999:Ragnhild Myklebust
1847:Alexander Nazarov
1643:Cato Zahl Pedersen
1602:Ludovic Rey-Robert
1362:
1038:opening ceremonies
961:Utah State Capitol
701:Sydney Opera House
533:, if appropriate.
456:possibly contains
437:Paralympic emblems
408:
344:
288:
243:Paralympic symbols
193:African Para Games
172:Winter Paralympics
167:Summer Paralympics
52:You can assist by
3718:
3717:
3712:COVID-19 pandemic
3618:1976 Örnsköldsvik
3388:
3387:
3380:Paralympic poster
3370:Paralympic mascot
3113:22 March 2010 at
3002:on 6 January 2002
2605:Los Angeles Times
2474:Paralympic Emblem
2455:on 29 August 2008
2288:Paralympic Anorak
1964:
1963:
1948:Sandrine Martinet
1865:Amaury Veríssimo
1858:Phelipe Rodrigues
1840:Valery Redkozubov
1357:
1356:
1179:Paralympic Anthem
1175:
1174:
1127:Hymne der Zukunft
1125:Hymne de l’Avenir
1119:Hymne der Zukunft
1111:Hymne de l’Avenir
980:that was sent to
934:Paralympic symbol
930:
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843:Landor Associates
659:Jean-Michel Folon
613:Örnsköldsvik 1976
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458:original research
273:Paralympic symbol
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3673:2018 PyeongChang
3643:1994 Lillehammer
3590:2028 Los Angeles
3422:Paralympic Games
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3375:Paralympic motto
3343:Paralympic flame
3333:Parlympic emblem
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1967:Paralympic Order
1959:Arnaud Assoumani
1902:Yumiko Taniguchi
1826:Richard Allcroft
1770:Mauro Scanacapra
1765:Fabrizio Zardini
1747:
1739:Maria Kalpakidou
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1376:Judge (Official)
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857:Los Angeles 2028
849:to symbolise an
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811:Théâtre de Liège
801:Pyeongchang 2018
672:– Depicting the
670:Lillehammer 1994
547:
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529:You can help by
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473:inline citations
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188:Asian Para Games
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2996:The Paralympian
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1722:Sarah Billmeier
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1510:Henk Boersbroek
1364:Paralympic Oath
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1347:
1344:
1341:
1332:
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1321:
1289:
1260:Officials' Oath
1233:Paralympic Flag
1206:
1204:Paralympic Oath
1183:Paralympic Hymn
1141:
1132:
1126:
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1105:
1101:
1074:
1058:Hannah Cockroft
1034:Olympic Stadium
945:
936:in the centre.
922:20 October 2019
866:
758:Chinese culture
690:Sadahiko Kojima
601:Heidelberg 1972
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2860:Paralympic.org
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595:Tel Aviv 1968
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537:is available.
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516:This section
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387:In 1991, the
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382:Olympic rings
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62:November 2023
55:
49:
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42:This article
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3678:2022 Beijing
3609:Winter Games
3595:
3588:
3564:2008 Beijing
3549:1996 Atlanta
3524:1976 Toronto
3495:Summer Games
3484:
3455:Medal tables
3353:Torch relays
3321:
3252:
3238:
3222:
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3173:
3161:. Retrieved
3156:
3122:
3103:
3050:the original
3045:
3036:
3004:. Retrieved
3000:the original
2995:
2986:
2959:
2947:. Retrieved
2942:
2933:
2921:. Retrieved
2912:
2902:
2890:. Retrieved
2886:
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2859:
2850:
2838:. Retrieved
2834:
2824:
2812:. Retrieved
2808:
2798:
2786:. Retrieved
2775:
2763:
2751:. Retrieved
2746:the original
2738:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2706:
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2671:the original
2661:
2649:
2637:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2609:. Retrieved
2604:
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2578:
2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2527:
2518:
2506:. Retrieved
2498:Agenzia ANSA
2497:
2488:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2453:the original
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2427:the original
2417:
2405:. Retrieved
2391:
2372:
2353:
2334:
2294:
2261:
2255:Google Books
2246:
2206:. Retrieved
2201:
2192:
2180:. Retrieved
2176:
2167:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:
2083:. Retrieved
2079:the original
2018:
2003:Kevin Coombs
1988:
1985:Post-nominal
1976:
1936:Chen Jianxin
1925:Zhang Liheng
1876:Lee Ju-seung
1808:Linda Kirton
1708:Mary Longden
1703:Tracey Cross
1660:Trischa Zorn
1390:Franco Rossi
1363:
1358:
1345:
1337:
1297:Olympic Oath
1293:Rome in 1960
1290:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1259:
1256:Judges' Oath
1255:
1254:
1251:
1242:
1241:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1163:, March 1996
1094:
1075:
1042:
1006:Home Nations
999:
946:
938:
931:
817:Beijing 2022
749:Beijing 2008
680:Atlanta 1996
607:Toronto 1976
569:
557:
553:
540:
535:Editing help
517:
487:
478:
455:
416:
409:
403:
386:
371:
359:
345:
339:
320:
301:
289:
264:
242:
240:
150:
136:Medal tables
68:
59:
46:copy editing
44:may require
43:
26:
3648:1998 Nagano
3569:2012 London
3559:2004 Athens
3554:2000 Sydney
3529:1980 Arnhem
3438:Host cities
3163:19 February
2639:2 September
2611:2 September
2585:2 September
1822:Liz Johnson
1784:Wu Chunmiao
1742: [
1680: [
1605: [
1544:John Harris
1441:Marga Floer
1424:Zvi Ben-Zvi
1407:Shigeo Aono
1370:Paralympics
1348:August 2021
1082:gold medals
1078:gold-plated
990:Québec City
969:Muffy Davis
813:in Belgium.
774:Wolff Olins
770:London 2012
739:Torino 2006
721:Athens 2004
697:Sydney 2000
686:Nagano 1998
619:Arnhem 1980
423:Lillehammer
410:During the
121:Host cities
103:Main topics
3725:Categories
3668:2014 Sochi
3658:2006 Turin
3623:1980 Geilo
3584:2024 Paris
3579:2020 Tokyo
3539:1988 Seoul
3509:1964 Tokyo
2780:. London.
2559:2 February
2534:2 February
2459:20 January
2433:20 January
2048:References
1971:See also:
1803:Herve Lord
1789:Hao Guohua
1585:So-Boo Kim
1062:Caz Walton
947:Until the
914:3:5 or 1:2
911:Proportion
829:Paris 2024
807:Tokyo 2020
785:Sochi 2014
674:sun people
643:Seoul 1988
625:Geilo 1980
589:Tokyo 1964
465:improve it
54:editing it
3504:1960 Rome
3460:Medalists
3213:page 14,
3157:Bbc.co.uk
3077:.pdf file
2975:.pdf file
2788:23 August
2753:19 August
2718:16 August
2579:adage.com
2401:BBC Sport
2085:18 August
1909:Rie Urata
1281:movement.
982:Vancouver
833:Grand Rex
583:Rome 1960
558:See also:
469:verifying
292:crescents
141:Medalists
3203:Archived
3185:22 March
3130:Archived
3111:Archived
3069:Archived
3006:20 March
2967:Archived
2949:24 March
2923:24 March
2917:Archived
2892:24 March
2887:BBC News
2866:20 March
2840:24 March
2814:24 March
2782:Archived
2695:Archived
2508:30 March
2502:Archived
2477:Archived
2380:Archived
2361:Archived
2342:Archived
2323:Archived
2269:Archived
2231:Archived
2152:Archived
2031:See also
1979:IPC logo
1319:Speakers
1137:and the
1036:for the
1018:Scotland
995:BC Place
847:gradient
795:Rio 2016
330:Previous
3485:Symbols
3433:Charter
3358:designs
2208:30 July
2182:30 July
2134:30 July
2023:have a
2009:Mascots
1726:Unknown
1664:Unknown
1647:Unknown
1630:Unknown
1613:Unknown
1589:Unknown
1572:Unknown
1569:Unknown
1526:Unknown
1523:Unknown
1492:Unknown
1489:Unknown
1477:Unknown
1460:Unknown
1457:Unknown
1445:Unknown
1373:Athlete
1338:updated
1287:History
1214:athlete
1168:Adopted
1066:Olympia
1010:England
986:Toronto
919:Adopted
709:Outback
693:tae-gu.
463:Please
373:taegeuk
278:Current
151:Symbols
116:Charter
3480:Sports
3473:Winter
3468:Summer
2407:4 June
2239:German
2025:mascot
1379:Coach
1152:, 2001
1146:Lyrics
1115:German
1107:French
1099:Anthem
1090:bronze
1086:silver
1072:Medals
1020:, and
977:Ottawa
901:Sport
851:aurora
727:, the
518:is in
427:Norway
364:Hangul
356:Korean
146:Sports
3233:(IPC)
3217:(IPC)
3159:. BBC
3083:(IPC)
2981:(IPC)
2677:2 May
2305:(IPC)
2162:(IPC)
2019:Each
1746:]
1684:]
1609:]
1157:Music
1088:, or
1022:Wales
524:prose
368:Hanja
366:: 파;
352:Seoul
296:Latin
267:motto
261:Motto
247:flags
159:Games
3448:NPCs
3187:2014
3165:2014
3008:2017
2951:2024
2925:2024
2894:2024
2868:2017
2842:2024
2816:2024
2790:2012
2755:2012
2720:2012
2679:2023
2641:2020
2613:2020
2587:2020
2561:2024
2536:2024
2510:2021
2461:2011
2435:2011
2409:2007
2210:2021
2184:2021
2136:2021
2087:2015
2001:and
1557:(SM)
1552:(NY)
1546:(SM)
1541:(NY)
1237:oath
1177:The
1171:1996
988:and
967:and
864:Flag
562:and
520:list
241:The
131:NPCs
111:Bids
3443:IPC
3079:),
3027:",
2977:),
1995:OLY
1226:all
1222:all
1218:all
1187:en.
1084:),
897:Use
822:fēi
733:Sun
576:IPC
467:by
421:in
350:in
126:IPC
3727::
3229:,
3209:,
3155:.
3141:^
3088:^
3058:^
3044:.
3016:^
2994:.
2941:.
2915:.
2911:.
2885:.
2858:.
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