776:. The plan was adapted to the specific of Romania and it is now being used by the mediators across the county. Due to the introduction (as of October 2011) of the joint parental authority, the notion of parental plan has legal support through, Article 506 of the new Civil Code. There is a proposal of non-governmental associations to implement the parental plan in tertiary legislation (implementation guide under the aegis of authorized institutions), but also to introduce this plan into primary legislation (these are amendments to Law 272/2004 initiated by the DGPC).
806:
taken into consideration by the court along with all other evidence relating to their best interest. The weight assigned by the court to a child's testimony will vary with factors such as the child's intellectual and psychological maturity, for which the child's age is often used as a proxy; the child's level of insight into his or her situation; and the credibility of the child's testimony as affected by factors ranging from the child's level of honesty to any undue influence on the child by either or both parents.
570:, rules that apply only in the absence of provisions to the contrary) or hard-and-fast requirements to which all agreements must adhere, addressing the content of parenting plans. Moreover, courts in some communities offer proposed templates whose terms take into account community-specific factors such as availability of day-care services, school-bus routes and schedules, and schedules of school and community athletics and other activities.
29:
549:
discharged can reduce the need for litigation. Avoiding litigation spares parties not only the financial and emotional costs of litigation but the uncertainty of how favorable or unfavorable a court's after-the-fact decision will be. Moreover, the agreement itself can authorize the employment of dispute-resolution methods, such as arbitration and mediation, that may be less costly than litigation.
548:
is a child custody plan that is negotiated by parents, and which may be included in a marital separation agreement or final decree of divorce. Especially when a separation is acrimonious to begin with, specific agreements about who will discharge these responsibilities and when and how they are to be
792:
require that separating or divorcing couples who have children include a parenting plan among the terms of their separation agreement and/or their eventual divorce decree. Separated or unmarried parents may enter into a parenting plan of their own creation without going to court, but that plan won't
706:
A parenting plan agreed upon by the parties in an out-of-court setting is often termed "endorsed", "stipulated" or "on consent." A judge who finds a stipulated parenting plan to be consistent with the child's best interest may be able approve the plan without requiring the parties or the child to be
809:
Most states require that court-ordered parenting plans set forth the minimum amount of parenting time and access to which a noncustodial parent is entitled. In these states, an agreement's failure to specify the non-custodial parent's minimum level of access can constitute grounds for appeal of the
796:
Parenting plans are usually initiated as part of a divorce decree or custody case between unmarried parents. Divorced parents whose child custody is governed by a parenting plan can request that a court amend the plan or replace it with a new one. In jurisdictions whose laws permit the practice,
771:
Upon the introduction of the joint-custody in the national legislation in
Romania, a standard parenting plan was released with the public. Parental plans appeared for the first time with the mediation law, which provided in Articles 2 and 64 that parents may be mediated about how to raise children
805:
in one or both parents' households, and health problems of a parent or the child. If the parents in a custody dispute request, many states allow children who are old enough to state an informed preference, to testify about their own preferences as to custody and parenting time, with their opinion
557:
A well-drafted parenting plan addresses both the custodial rights and responsibilities of parents who share custody of a minor child or children, and the logistical and other procedures for carrying out its substantive requirements. Parents can agree to a plan that takes into consideration their
723:
Parenting plans are non-binding and not legally enforceable but may be written in such a way that they can submitted to a court for endorsement. Once endorsed the parenting plan becomes a binding consent order. Even if not endorsed by a court so as to be legally enforceable, if legal action is
719:
are a written agreement between two parents and are made without the assistance or endorsement of a court, but can be made with the assistance of a mediator. Parenting plans can include as many or as few considerations about the child or children as both parents agree to. However child support
423:
818:
of granting the non-custodial parent the right of visitation on every second weekend and some holidays. Where parents live farther apart, states such as
Florida, Oregon, New Hampshire and New York allow the combination of these visits into longer stretches of time to reduce traveling.
648:
Inclusion of the other parent and/or the child in a given parent's estate planning, including both the probate process (disposition of assets by will) and procedures outside of probate (payout of life-insurance policies, distribution of survivor benefits,
800:
A court reviewing a petition for amendment or replacement of a court-ordered parenting plan will employ the "child's best interest" standard in light of circumstances or changes in circumstances such as a parent's relocation, the presence or absence of
697:
In some cases, parenting plans may be established through the combined effect of multiple agreements each addressing a different subject. For example, one agreement may address physical custody while another addresses financial support.
418:
724:
initiated after a parenting plan has been agreed between the parents, the court will give careful consideration and considerable weight to the agreed plan as it shows the intent of each parent at the time of signing.
772:
after divorce. Thus, although in
Romania, in 2006-2011, only the notion of single custody was actually applicable in fact through mediation agreements, mediators have implemented legal arrangements for
582:
Physical custody (how the child's time is to be divided between the separating parents and their separate households; a well-drafted plan will specifically contemplate holidays and school vacations)
797:
some plans permit the parties to amend certain provisions, such as those specifying where a parent will live during that parent's time with the child, by agreement without court approval.
375:
752:
673:
Procedures for resolving disputes, including but not limited to disputes about the meaning of the plan's language and disputes alleging improper performance of the plan's provisions
558:
children's ages and needs and, if they continue to co-parent effectively, can adjust their plans over time to ensure that their plan remains in the best interest of their children.
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39:
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present in court, sparing the parents inconvenience and the child the emotional stress of dealing with authority figures in an unfamiliar setting.
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Authority to take the child on travel, especially travel outside the geographic jurisdiction of the court adjudicating the separation or divorce
340:
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The parental plan is introduced in the legislation in the
Netherlands and there is a law project in Belgium to introduce it is, as well.
1137:
916:
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payments are not generally included as payable child support is calculated by the
Australian Government Child Support Agency (CSA).
73:
1415:
727:
There is no such thing as a "standard" parenting plan as each one is unique, but unofficial example parenting plans are available.
1478:
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Obligation to keep the other parent apprised of contact information both of a given parent and of the child while with that parent
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adjudicating court's approval of the plan. In cases where separated or divorced parents live near each other, most U.S. states'
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596:, overnight stays with the other parent or with other relatives during a given parent's normal custody time)
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Authority over educational decisions such as where the child attends school; access to educational records
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239:
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Right of the other parent to information about circumstances and events affecting the child's well-being
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Authority to change the place at which a child resides while in the physical custody of a given parent
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Restrictions, as needed, on places visited and/or persons associated with while the child is present
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Transferring the child from one parent to the other: schedule, method, and location
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Authority over physical and mental health-care decisions; access to health records
1085:
Cohen, Lester (September 1991). "Mandatory mediation: A rose by any other name".
906:
802:
685:
448:
355:
130:
120:
1187:"Parenting Plans: Putting your children first: a guide for separating parents"
994:
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184:
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Parenting Plans
Putting your children first: a guide for separating parents
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Topics addressed in a parenting plan may include, but are not limited to:
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310:
224:
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249:
219:
212:
993:
Jolly, Sherry B.; Roper, J. David; Craig, Daniel J. (18 August 2008).
1174:
The
Belgian Chamber of People's Representatives (In French and Dutch)
468:
443:
96:
625:
Authority to claim the child as a dependent for income-tax purposes
606:
Legal custody (decision-making authority and rights to information)
748:
1161:
See the Dutch Civil Code - Book 1, Law of Person and Family Law,
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Payment of health-insurance premiums and other medical expenses
22:
566:
Some jurisdictions have guidelines, either default rules (
1116:
376:
List of child abuse cases featuring long-term detention
47:
1191:
Children and Family Court
Advisory and Support Service
995:"Parenting Plans & Revised Child Support Addendum"
753:
Children and Family Court
Advisory and Support Service
846:
844:
1354:"Tennessee, Minimum parenting plan requirements"
908:California Child Custody Litigation and Practice
592:Departures from the typical custody schedule (
525:
36:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1113:"Australian Government Child Support Agency"
1033:. Champaign County, Illinois. 1 January 2017
1295:"The "Best Interests of the Child" Factors"
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
532:
518:
85:
941:"RCW 26.09.184. Permanent parenting plan"
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:For decisions regarding procreation, see
1060:"If you agree on parenting arrangements"
1241:Office of the Attorney General of Texas
1024:"Revised Protocol for Family Law Cases"
840:
95:
88:
1252:(Discussing informal parenting plans).
973:. Government of Canada. 9 August 2017
7:
105:Marriage and other unions and status
1447:"Florida Approved Parenting Plans"
1163:Title 1.14 Authority over children
419:Hague Convention (child abduction)
14:
885:Sixth Judicial Circuit of Florida
1503:"New York Parenting Plan sample"
1465:"OREGON STANDARD PARENTING PLAN"
27:
1340:"Oregon 107.102 Parenting plan"
1138:"Share the Care Parenting Plan"
1479:"NEW HAMPSHIRE PARENTING PLAN"
947:. Washington State Legislature
682:alternative dispute resolution
656:Communication between parents:
632:Financial support obligations:
424:Hague Convention (maintenance)
1:
1314:"Best Interests of the Child"
1087:Conflict Resolution Quarterly
731:Belgium & the Netherlands
414:International child abduction
1433:"California Parenting Plans"
1142:Relationships Australia, Inc
757:non-departmental public body
680:Provisions, if desired, for
499:Paternal rights and abortion
878:"What is a Parenting Plan?"
856:Family Relationships Online
409:Hague Convention (adoption)
50:, discuss the issue on the
1547:
1264:"Contractualizing Custody"
1262:Abramowicz, Sarah (2014).
967:"Parenting Plan Checklist"
945:Revised Code of Washington
268:Parenting coordinator (US)
15:
1064:Family Court of Australia
858:. Government of Australia
829:Family dispute resolution
793:be enforceable in court.
639:Provision for basic needs
553:Drafting a parenting plan
436:Family and criminal code
394:Private international law
388:Private international law
1409:"Florida Parenting Plan"
1385:"Georgia parenting plan"
786:United States of America
479:Parental child abduction
326:Contact & visitation
213:Dissolution of marriages
1219:See also this article,
1002:Augusta Bar Association
1207:What is mediation law
1099:10.1002/crq.3900090105
905:Haet, Tamarah (2017).
341:UN Rights of the Child
336:Grandparent visitation
263:Custody evaluator (US)
240:Matrimonial Causes Act
971:Department of Justice
759:, produces a booklet
642:Payment for education
321:Filial responsibility
316:Tender years doctrine
291:DNA paternity testing
149:Validity of marriages
1234:"Co-Parenting Guide"
1176:. January 7, 2013.
911:. CEB. p. 416.
504:Right to family life
166:Prenuptial agreement
161:Marriage certificate
136:Domestic partnership
56:create a new article
48:improve this article
38:may not represent a
1299:Michigan Legal Help
774:joint legal custody
715:Parenting Plans in
230:Grounds for divorce
126:Common-law marriage
1268:Fordham Law Review
474:Legality of incest
180:Voidable marriages
171:Matrimonial regime
111:Types of marriages
1318:New York City Bar
852:"Parenting plans"
542:
541:
464:Domestic violence
438:(or criminal law)
346:Children's rights
280:Children's issues
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58:, as appropriate.
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1484:. Archived from
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235:No-fault divorce
200:Amatonormativity
190:Marriageable age
156:Marriage licence
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489:Parents' rights
484:Parental duties
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18:family planning
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1491:on 2010-12-15.
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1453:on 2010-07-31.
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1421:on 2013-03-14.
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1397:on 2014-10-06.
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1320:. January 2015
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1197:on 6 May 2007.
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42:of the subject
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1435:. 2019-02-05.
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1361:the original
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1301:. 2012-05-21
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1066:. 3 May 2016
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1370:2010-08-01
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1123:2020-04-30
835:References
562:Guidelines
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259:Residence
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1305:3 October
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1037:3 October
1007:3 October
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951:3 October
924:3 October
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286:Paternity
185:Annulment
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1531:Marriage
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225:Adultery
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745:England
574:Content
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