55:
33:
458:
croakers possess deep, oblong-shaped bodies with a snout that protrudes past the inferior mouth. There is a notch in the upper jaw and the lower jaw is completely hidden by the upper when the mouth is closed. There are five pores on the chin but no
471:
which is spilt into two parts, the first is spiny and is tall, but its height is less than the length of the head. The second part of the dorsal fin is supported by between 38 and 44 soft rays and the short based
685:"Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae"
743:"Review of the Pareques acuminatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) species complex, with revalidation of Pareques lineatus (Cuvier, 1830) from the Western Atlantic (Percomorphacea: Sciaenidae)"
918:
944:
484:
and there are thick coverings of scales on the bases of the soft-rayed part of the dorsal and anal fins. The largest of these fishes is the royal high-hat (
892:
557:
595:
931:
796:
667:
1008:
741:
Carvalho-Filho, Alfredo; Oliveira, Claudio; Maximiano, Loriane; Tavera, Jose; Acero, Arturo P.; Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires (2022-10-14).
321:
249:
166:
970:
609:
567:
936:
507:
croakers are found in the eastern
Pacific Ocean and the western Atlantic Ocean. In the Pacific, four species range from the
866:
631:
949:
54:
330:
253:
819:
528:
407:
210:, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean.
871:
717:
441:
336:
416:
382:
367:
397:
354:
975:
591:
553:
520:
317:
245:
162:
435:
1003:
311:
266:
241:
156:
41:
788:
508:
422:
222:
139:
49:
998:
957:
923:
879:
770:
762:
663:
604:
562:
426:
962:
754:
632:"Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)"
460:
204:
340:
274:
271:
200:
106:
857:
742:
524:
388:
358:
96:
992:
713:
481:
403:
349:
229:
133:
476:
is supported by two spines and seven or eight soft rays. The scales of the body are
489:
464:
290:
148:
32:
884:
905:
851:
373:
842:
758:
468:
207:
116:
766:
270:
does not recognise subfamilies within the
Sciaenidae which it places in the
261:
226:
66:
774:
836:
726:
657:
516:
473:
86:
897:
477:
303:
910:
496:) with a maximum published total length of 20 cm (7.9 in).
492:
of 40 centimetres (16 inches), while the smallest is the fusco drum (
76:
813:
684:
683:
Christopher
Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023).
196:
817:
793:
Shorefishes of the
Greater Caribbean online information system
789:"Genus: Pareques, Drum Croaker, Drums, Highhats, Croakers"
656:
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
639:
Memoirs of the
Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University
826:
511:
south to Peru, with one species, the odd high-hat (
264:Sciaeninae by some authors, but the 5th edition of
594:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
556:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
523:. In the western Atlantic, the species range from
689:The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database
467:has small serrations. They have a long based
8:
691:. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara
814:
708:
706:
31:
20:
662:(5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502.
797:Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
586:
584:
540:
548:
546:
544:
7:
14:
558:"Genera in the family Sciaenidae"
250:Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider
53:
252:, although they did not give a
610:California Academy of Sciences
568:California Academy of Sciences
1:
480:while those on the head are
181:
1009:Taxa named by Theodore Gill
488:) with a maximum published
1025:
759:10.11646/zootaxa.5195.5.1
179:
174:
154:
147:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
730:. February 2023 version.
716:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
225:in 1876 by the American
221:was first proposed as a
260:has been placed in the
596:"Species in the genus
331:Pareques fuscovittatus
630:Kunio Sasaki (1989).
592:Eschmeyer, William N.
554:Eschmeyer, William N.
236:as its only species.
234:Grammistes acuminatus
157:Grammistes acuminatus
246:Marcus Elieser Bloch
659:Fishes of the World
393:, southern high-hat
312:Pareques acuminatus
306:of this genus are:
267:Fishes of the World
240:was first formally
42:Pareques acuminatus
718:"Species in genus
509:Gulf of California
223:monospecific genus
986:
985:
958:Open Tree of Life
820:Taxon identifiers
669:978-1-118-34233-6
605:Catalog of Fishes
563:Catalog of Fishes
521:Galápagos Islands
445:
430:
417:Pareques umbrosus
411:
392:
383:Pareques lineatus
377:
368:Pareques lanfeari
362:
350:Pareques iwamotoi
344:
325:
203:belonging to the
201:ray-finned fishes
188:
187:
143:
1016:
979:
978:
966:
965:
953:
952:
940:
939:
927:
926:
914:
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861:
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847:
846:
845:
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738:
732:
731:
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680:
674:
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653:
647:
646:
636:
627:
621:
620:
618:
616:
588:
579:
578:
576:
574:
550:
494:P. fuscovittatus
446:, gungo high-hat
439:
420:
401:
398:Pareques perissa
386:
378:, royal high-hat
372:
353:
334:
315:
132:
58:
57:
35:
21:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1013:
989:
988:
987:
982:
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943:
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922:
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904:
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891:
883:
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870:
865:
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835:
822:
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712:
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694:
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682:
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677:
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655:
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629:
628:
624:
614:
612:
590:
589:
582:
572:
570:
552:
551:
542:
537:
502:
453:
451:Characteristics
363:, blackbar drum
300:
288:means "near to
283:
275:Acanthuriformes
216:
170:
160:
131:
107:Acanthuriformes
52:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
991:
990:
984:
983:
981:
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967:
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941:
928:
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902:
889:
876:
863:
848:
832:
830:
824:
823:
818:
810:
809:
780:
753:(5): 401–418.
733:
714:Froese, Rainer
702:
675:
668:
648:
622:
580:
539:
538:
536:
533:
529:Santa Catarina
525:Chesapeake Bay
501:
498:
452:
449:
448:
447:
436:Pareques viola
432:
413:
412:, odd high-hat
394:
379:
364:
346:
327:
299:
296:
282:
279:
215:
212:
186:
185:
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161:
152:
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119:
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97:Actinopterygii
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60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
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13:
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3:
2:
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764:
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748:
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734:
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728:
723:
721:
715:
709:
707:
703:
690:
686:
679:
676:
671:
665:
661:
660:
652:
649:
645:(1–2): 1–137.
644:
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623:
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278:
276:
273:
269:
268:
263:
259:
255:
254:type locality
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:G. acuminatus
235:
231:
230:Theodore Gill
228:
224:
220:
213:
211:
209:
206:
202:
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194:
193:
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26:
22:
19:
827:
800:. Retrieved
792:
783:
750:
746:
736:
725:
719:
693:. Retrieved
688:
678:
658:
651:
642:
638:
625:
613:. Retrieved
603:
597:
571:. Retrieved
561:
512:
504:
503:
500:Distribution
493:
490:total length
485:
465:preoperculum
455:
454:
434:
415:
396:
381:
366:
348:
345:, fusco drum
329:
310:
301:
289:
285:
284:
265:
257:
256:. The genus
237:
233:
218:
217:
191:
190:
189:
180:
155:
149:Type species
136:
127:
126:
40:
24:
18:
906:iNaturalist
852:Wikispecies
486:P. lanfeari
244:in 1801 by
182:See article
1004:Sciaenidae
993:Categories
535:References
531:, Brazil.
513:P. perissa
469:dorsal fin
326:, high-hat
208:Sciaenidae
199:of marine
117:Sciaenidae
767:1175-5334
527:south to
515:), being
427:Eigenmann
408:Snodgrass
341:Radcliffe
322:Schneider
281:Etymology
262:subfamily
242:described
227:biologist
167:Schneider
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
999:Pareques
858:Pareques
843:Q1939019
837:Wikidata
828:Pareques
775:37044417
727:FishBase
720:Pareques
598:Pareques
505:Pareques
474:anal fin
463:and the
456:Pareques
431:, cubbyu
286:Pareques
258:Pareques
219:Pareques
214:Taxonomy
192:Pareques
175:Species
128:Pareques
113:Family:
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
25:Pareques
924:1314836
898:2399897
802:18 June
747:Zootaxa
695:17 June
615:18 June
573:16 June
519:to the
517:endemic
482:cycloid
478:ctenoid
461:barbels
444:, 1898)
442:Gilbert
429:, 1889)
410:, 1903)
391:, 1830)
376:, 1947)
343:, 1912)
337:Kendall
324:, 1801)
304:species
298:Species
123:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
976:270286
963:230359
950:587066
937:646478
773:
765:
666:
425:&
423:Jordan
406:&
404:Heller
389:Cuvier
374:Barton
361:, 1988
357:&
355:Miller
339:&
320:&
205:family
169:, 1801
165:&
142:, 1876
971:WoRMS
919:IRMNG
911:52294
872:34511
635:(PDF)
359:Woods
318:Bloch
291:Eques
272:order
232:with
197:genus
195:is a
163:Bloch
140:Goode
945:NCBI
932:ITIS
893:GBIF
885:6HPD
867:BOLD
804:2023
771:PMID
763:ISSN
751:5195
697:2023
664:ISBN
617:2023
575:2023
302:The
248:and
134:Gill
880:CoL
755:doi
294:".
995::
973::
960::
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882::
869::
854::
839::
795:.
791:.
769:.
761:.
749:.
745:.
724:.
705:^
687:.
643:36
641:.
637:.
608:.
602:.
583:^
566:.
560:.
543:^
277:.
137:in
806:.
777:.
757::
722:"
699:.
672:.
619:.
600:"
577:.
440:(
421:(
402:(
387:(
371:(
335:(
316:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
