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involved with visuospatial processing. Although multisensory in nature, the posterior parietal cortex is often referred to by vision scientists as the dorsal stream of vision (as opposed to the ventral stream in the temporal lobe). This dorsal stream has been called both the "where" stream (as in spatial vision) and the "how" stream (as in vision for action). The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) receives somatosensory and visual input, which then, through motor signals, controls movement of the arm, hand, and eyes.
41:
88:
375:(Latin: "little man") in which the body parts are rendered according to how much of the somatosensory cortex is devoted to them. The superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule are the primary areas of body or spatial awareness. A lesion commonly in the right superior or inferior parietal lobule leads to
570:
Emerging evidence has linked processing in the inferior parietal lobe to declarative memory. Bilateral damage to this brain region does not cause amnesia however the strength of memory is diminished, details of complex events become harder to retrieve, and subjective confidence in memory is very low.
508:
The parietal lobe plays important roles in integrating sensory information from various parts of the body, knowledge of numbers and their relations, and in the manipulation of objects. Its function also includes processing information relating to the sense of touch. Portions of the parietal lobe are
554:
area contains neurons responsive to shape, size, and orientation of objects to be grasped as well as for manipulation of the hands themselves, both to viewed and remembered stimuli. The AIP has neurons that are responsible for grasping and manipulating objects through motor and visual inputs. The
688:
is usually associated with large deficits of attention of the non-dominant hemisphere. Optic ataxia is associated with difficulties reaching toward objects in the visual field opposite to the side of the parietal damage. Some aspects of optic ataxia have been explained in terms of the functional
680:
Damage to this lobe in the right hemisphere results in the loss of imagery, visualization of spatial relationships and neglect of left-side space and left side of the body. Even drawings may be neglected on the left side. Damage to this lobe in the left hemisphere will result in problems in
681:
mathematics, long reading, writing, and understanding symbols. The parietal association cortex enables individuals to read, write, and solve mathematical problems. The sensory inputs from the right side of the body go to the left side of the brain and vice versa.
571:
This has been interpreted as reflecting either deficits in internal attention, deficits in subjective memory states, or problems with the computation that allows evidence to accumulate, thus allowing decisions to be made about internal representations.
524:
area contains a map of neurons (retinotopically-coded when the eyes are fixed) representing the saliency of spatial locations, and attention to these spatial locations. It can be used by the oculomotor system for targeting eye movements, when
709:, a full-body loss of perception, while right-sided lesions cause lack of recognition of the person's left side and extrapersonal space. The term amorphosynthesis was coined by D. Denny-Brown to describe patients he studied in the 1950s.
540:). Neurons with tactile receptive fields represent space in a head-centered reference frame. The cells with visual receptive fields also fire with head-centered reference frames but possibly also with eye-centered coordinates
1286:
Murata A, Gallese V, Luppino G, Kaseda M, Sakata H (May 2000). "Selectivity for the shape, size, and orientation of objects for grasping in neurons of monkey parietal area AIP".
563:
studies have shown that humans have similar functional regions in and around the intraparietal sulcus and parietal-occipital junction. The human "parietal eye fields" and "
567:", equivalent to LIP and MIP in the monkey, also appear to be organized in gaze-centered coordinates so that their goal-related activity is "remapped" when the eyes move.
695:
is a disorder of motor control which can be referred neither to "elemental" motor deficits nor to general cognitive impairment. The concept of apraxia was shaped by
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Goldberg ME, Bisley JW, Powell KD, Gottlieb J (2006). "Chapter 10 Saccades, salience and attention: The role of the lateral intraparietal area in visual behavior".
712:
Can also result in sensory impairment where one of the affected person's senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste and spatial awareness) is no longer normal.
1713:
Khan AZ, Pisella L, Vighetto A, Cotton F, Luauté J, Boisson D, et al. (April 2005). "Optic ataxia errors depend on remapped, not viewed, target location".
277:
699:
about a hundred years ago. Apraxia is predominantly a symptom of left brain damage, but some symptoms of apraxia can also occur after right brain damage.
480:, and—based on cytoarchitectural and functional differences—is further divided into medial (MIP), lateral (LIP), ventral (VIP), and anterior (AIP) areas.
1150:
Avillac M, Denève S, Olivier E, Pouget A, Duhamel JR (July 2005). "Reference frames for representing visual and tactile locations in parietal cortex".
2018:
1890:
897:
Mishkin M, Ungerleider LG (September 1982). "Contribution of striate inputs to the visuospatial functions of parieto-preoccipital cortex in monkeys".
399:
2009:
422:
divides the two hemispheres. Within each hemisphere, the somatosensory cortex represents the skin area on the contralateral surface of the body.
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Kusunoki M, Goldberg ME (March 2003). "The time course of perisaccadic receptive field shifts in the lateral intraparietal area of the monkey".
1995:
817:
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The parietal lobe is defined by three anatomical boundaries: The central sulcus separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe; the
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2174:
625:– a general term for disorders that can involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols
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is a loss of perception on one side of the body caused by a lesion in the parietal lobe. Usually, left-sided lesions cause
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Immediately posterior to the central sulcus, and the most anterior part of the parietal lobe, is the postcentral gyrus (
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777:
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Murata A, Gallese V, Kaseda M, Sakata H (May 1996). "Parietal neurons related to memory-guided hand manipulation".
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1510:"Parietal lobe and episodic memory: bilateral damage causes impaired free recall of autobiographical memory"
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AIP and ventral premotor together are responsible for visuomotor transformations for actions of the hand.
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1236:"Dorsal premotor neurons encode the relative position of the hand, eye, and goal during reach planning"
92:
Lateral surface of left cerebral hemisphere, viewed from the side. (Parietal lobe is shown in orange.)
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1195:"Parietal area VIP neuronal responses to heading stimuli are encoded in head-centered coordinates"
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Visual
Perception - Fundamentals of Awareness: Multi-Sensory Integration and High-Order Perception
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1562:"Impaired perception of mnemonic oldness, but not mnemonic newness, after parietal lobe damage"
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Various studies in the 1990s found that different regions of the posterior parietal cortex in
418:(sylvian fissure) is the most lateral boundary, separating it from the temporal lobe; and the
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Goodale MA, Milner AD (January 1992). "Separate visual pathways for perception and action".
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850:"The posterior parietal cortex encodes in parallel both goals for double-reach sequences"
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Denny-Brown D, Banker BQ (March 1954). "Amorphosynthesis from left parietal lesion".
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637:– characterized by acalculia, agraphia, finger agnosia, and left-right disorientation
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area neurons encode the location of a reach target in eye-centered coordinates.
17:
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986:
Fogassi L, Luppino G (December 2005). "Motor functions of the parietal lobe".
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Part of the brain responsible for sensory input and some language processing
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The cerebral cortex of a man: A clinical study of localization of function
371:. The somatosensory cortex can be illustrated as a distorted figure – the
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622:
361:
235:
159:
77:
1793:"How the Symptoms of Alzheimer's are Related to the Brain Lobe Affected"
1508:
Berryhill ME, Phuong L, Picasso L, Cabeza R, Olson IR (December 2007).
1364:
Culham JC, Valyear KF (April 2006). "Human parietal cortex in action".
706:
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477:
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concept for a "spectator within the brain"; see work by psychologist
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The cortical homunculus should not be confused with the more general
166:
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in the brain of mammals. The parietal lobe is positioned above the
3049:
473:
397:
199:
1611:"The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an attentional account"
1409:"Gaze-centered updating of visual space in human parietal cortex"
336:), the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch in the
182:
1872:
495:– through touch alone without other sensory input (e.g. visual)
328:
The parietal lobe integrates sensory information among various
1609:
Cabeza R, Ciaramelli E, Olson IR, Moscovitch M (August 2008).
1078:. Progress in Brain Research. Vol. 155. pp. 157–75.
348:
of the visual system. The major sensory inputs from the skin (
135:
1461:"Use of explicit memory cues following parietal lobe lesions"
746:"PARIETAL | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
1658:
Goldenberg G (May 2009). "Apraxia and the parietal lobes".
1459:
Dobbins IG, Jaeger A, Studer B, Simons JS (November 2012).
402:
Animation. Parietal lobe (red) of left cerebral hemisphere.
123:
114:
1407:
Medendorp WP, Goltz HC, Vilis T, Crawford JD (July 2003).
591:
Astereognosis – inability to determine 3-D shape by touch.
1560:
Hower KH, Wixted J, Berryhill ME, Olson IR (April 2014).
444:
The posterior parietal cortex can be subdivided into the
129:
662:– lack of awareness of the existence of one's disability
504:
Touch localization (bilateral simultaneous stimulation)
788:
786:
532:
area receives input from a number of senses (visual,
340:
which is just posterior to the central sulcus in the
144:
367:
Several areas of the parietal lobe are important in
132:
120:
111:
80:
viewed laterally. (Parietal lobe is shown in yellow)
3085:
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3109:Some categorizations are approximations, and some
1824:"Parietal lobes in schizophrenia: do they matter?"
579:Features of parietal lobe lesions are as follows:
598:numbers or letters drawn on hand, with eyes shut.
797:(2nd ed.). New York (NY): Worth Publishers.
601:Contralateral homonymous inferior quadrantanopia
1234:Pesaran B, Nelson MJ, Andersen RA (July 2006).
1145:
1143:
1141:
848:Baldauf D, Cui H, Andersen RA (October 2008).
1884:
1281:
1279:
472:(IPS). The intraparietal sulcus and adjacent
8:
501:– recognizing writing on skin by touch alone
1758:A.M.A. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry
1193:Zhang T, Heuer HW, Britten KH (June 2004).
793:Schacter DL, Gilbert DL, Wegner DM (2009).
126:
2860:
2785:
2621:
2520:
2329:
2072:
1924:
1917:
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1822:Yildiz M, Borgwardt SJ, Berger GE (2011).
1454:
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981:
979:
332:, including spatial sense and navigation (
86:
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1839:
1634:
1585:
1533:
1484:
1432:
1259:
1210:
1101:
1042:
873:
810:The learning brain: lessons for education
1770:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1954.02320390032003
1555:
1553:
604:Asymmetry of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN)
488:Functions of the parietal lobe include:
737:
1672:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.014
1578:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.02.014
1477:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.037
1127:
1117:
476:are essential in guidance of limb and
288:
29:
7:
1828:Schizophrenia Research and Treatment
516:represent different parts of space.
76:Principal fissures and lobes of the
2801:Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
1425:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-15-06209.2003
25:
833:Penfield W, Rasmussen T (1950).
386:, which is named from the Latin
285:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
107:
39:
2895:Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
2837:Collateral (temporal+occipital)
1366:Current Opinion in Neurobiology
988:Current Opinion in Neurobiology
594:Agraphaesthesia – inability to
2483:Secondary somatosensory cortex
2175:Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
1526:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4163-07.2007
866:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3423-08.2008
812:. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell.
808:Blakemore SJ, Firth U (2005).
689:organization described above.
588:Contralateral hemisensory loss
360:receptors), relay through the
1:
3098:Poles of cerebral hemispheres
2832:Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
1084:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)55010-1
780:for more information on this.
2471:Primary somatosensory cortex
1791:Rahal S (28 November 2019).
1615:Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
1252:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.05.025
1212:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.06.008
954:10.1016/0166-2236(92)90344-8
911:10.1016/0166-4328(82)90081-x
552:anterior intraparietal (AIP)
2563:Transverse occipital sulcus
1514:The Journal of Neuroscience
1413:The Journal of Neuroscience
854:The Journal of Neuroscience
530:ventral intraparietal (VIP)
522:lateral intraparietal (LIP)
433:. Separating this from the
431:somatosensory cortical area
410:separates the parietal and
3153:
2975:Isthmus of cingulate gyrus
2796:Central (frontal+parietal)
2531:Occipital pole of cerebrum
1378:10.1016/j.conb.2006.03.005
1331:Journal of Neurophysiology
1288:Journal of Neurophysiology
1031:Journal of Neurophysiology
1000:10.1016/j.conb.2005.10.015
899:Behavioural Brain Research
545:medial intraparietal (MIP)
3106:
2632:Transverse temporal gyrus
2495:Posterior parietal cortex
1343:10.1152/jn.1996.75.5.2180
1300:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2580
435:posterior parietal cortex
382:The name comes from the
283:
85:
38:
37:
2753:Inferior temporal sulcus
2674:Superior temporal sulcus
2357:Inferior parietal lobule
2340:Superior parietal lobule
2280:Supplementary motor area
727:Temporoparietal junction
584:Unilateral parietal lobe
493:Two point discrimination
458:inferior parietal lobule
446:superior parietal lobule
408:parieto-occipital sulcus
2758:Inferior temporal gyrus
2702:Occipitotemporal sulcus
2648:Superior temporal gyrus
2541:Lateral occipital gyrus
2292:Supplementary eye field
2033:Inferior frontal sulcus
2028:Superior frontal sulcus
942:Trends in Neurosciences
643:Non-dominant hemisphere
188:Superior sagittal sinus
3019:Fimbria of hippocampus
2085:Superior frontal gyrus
1983:Inferior frontal gyrus
1937:Superior frontal gyrus
837:. New York: Macmillan.
653:Constructional apraxia
403:
364:to the parietal lobe.
3006:Hippocampal formation
2865:Parahippocampal gyrus
2679:Middle temporal gyrus
1053:10.1152/jn.00519.2002
668:Bilateral hemispheres
575:Clinical significance
565:parietal reach region
401:
2979:Retrosplenial cortex
2827:Longitudinal fissure
2719:Medial temporal lobe
2396:Intraparietal sulcus
2256:Primary motor cortex
2153:Orbitofrontal cortex
2102:Medial frontal gyrus
1959:Middle frontal gyrus
470:intraparietal sulcus
468:), separated by the
420:longitudinal fissure
338:somatosensory cortex
2956:Posterior cingulate
2366:Supramarginal gyrus
1841:10.1155/2011/581686
1803:on 19 November 2012
1715:Nature Neuroscience
1152:Nature Neuroscience
686:hemispatial neglect
649:hemispatial neglect
613:Dominant hemisphere
373:cortical homunculus
369:language processing
305:is one of the four
3014:Hippocampal sulcus
2934:Anterior cingulate
2811:Preoccipital notch
2412:Paracentral lobule
2382:Parietal operculum
2304:Frontal eye fields
2236:Paracentral sulcus
2224:Paracentral lobule
2125:Paraolfactory area
2121:Paraterminal gyrus
722:Lobes of the brain
635:Gerstmann syndrome
618:Conduction aphasia
439:postcentral sulcus
404:
3119:
3118:
3063:
3062:
2888:Postrhinal cortex
2883:Perirhinal cortex
2878:Entorhinal cortex
2850:
2849:
2806:Parieto-occipital
2773:
2772:
2611:
2610:
2510:
2509:
2467:Postcentral gyrus
2319:
2318:
2244:
2243:
2064:
2063:
2056:Precentral sulcus
2019:Pars triangularis
1471:(13): 2992–3003.
819:978-1-4051-2401-0
673:Bálint's syndrome
342:postcentral gyrus
299:
298:
294:
172:Anterior cerebral
16:(Redirected from
3144:
3045:Indusium griseum
2910:Cingulate cortex
2900:Prepyriform area
2861:
2786:
2666:Planum temporale
2622:
2603:Calcarine sulcus
2521:
2330:
2201:Olfactory sulcus
2187:Subcallosal area
2073:
2051:Precentral gyrus
2010:Pars opercularis
1925:
1918:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1853:
1843:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1799:. Archived from
1788:
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1781:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1660:Neuropsychologia
1655:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1589:
1566:Neuropsychologia
1557:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1520:(52): 14415–23.
1505:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1465:Neuropsychologia
1456:
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1404:
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764:
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750:
749:
742:
703:Amorphosynthesis
684:The syndrome of
607:Sensory seizures
536:, auditory, and
448:(Brodmann areas
429:3), the primary
390:meaning "wall".
291:edit on Wikidata
205:lobus parietalis
148:
142:
141:
138:
137:
134:
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128:
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90:
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30:
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3141:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3102:
3081:
3059:
3033:
3000:
2904:
2846:
2842:Callosal sulcus
2820:Medial/inferior
2815:
2780:
2769:
2695:Medial/inferior
2690:
2662:Wernicke's area
2636:Auditory cortex
2607:
2572:Medial/inferior
2567:
2506:
2455:
2451:Marginal sulcus
2405:Medial/inferior
2400:
2315:
2268:Premotor cortex
2240:
2210:
2069:Medial/inferior
2060:
2037:
1907:
1901:cerebral cortex
1899:Anatomy of the
1897:
1867:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1797:verywell.health
1790:
1789:
1785:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1627:10.1038/nrn2459
1608:
1607:
1603:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1419:(15): 6209–14.
1406:
1405:
1401:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1294:(5): 2580–601.
1285:
1284:
1277:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1205:(6): 993–1001.
1192:
1191:
1187:
1149:
1148:
1139:
1126:
1116:
1094:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1028:
1027:
1023:
985:
984:
977:
939:
938:
934:
896:
895:
891:
860:(40): 10081–9.
847:
846:
842:
832:
831:
827:
820:
807:
806:
802:
792:
791:
784:
771:
767:
760:"Parietal Lobe"
758:
757:
753:
744:
743:
739:
735:
718:
577:
486:
412:occipital lobes
396:
317:and behind the
311:cerebral cortex
295:
176:Middle cerebral
174:
146:
110:
106:
93:
81:
74:
73:
69:
66:
64:
59:
57:
52:
50:
45:
28:
23:
22:
18:Parietal region
15:
12:
11:
5:
3150:
3148:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3111:Brodmann areas
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3077:Insular cortex
3073:
3071:
3069:Insular cortex
3065:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3010:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2922:Subgenual area
2918:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2869:
2867:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2783:
2781:sulci/fissures
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2707:Fusiform gyrus
2704:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2655:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2628:
2626:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2536:Occipital gyri
2533:
2527:
2525:
2518:
2516:Occipital lobe
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2368:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2336:
2334:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2206:Orbital sulcus
2203:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2137:Straight gyrus
2134:
2133:
2132:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2081:
2079:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2012:
1998:
1996:Pars orbitalis
1989:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1933:
1931:
1922:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1873:
1866:
1865:
1814:
1783:
1748:
1727:10.1038/nn1425
1705:
1693:
1666:(6): 1449–59.
1650:
1601:
1549:
1500:
1448:
1399:
1356:
1321:
1275:
1226:
1185:
1164:10.1038/nn1480
1137:
1128:|journal=
1092:
1066:
1044:10.1.1.580.120
1037:(3): 1519–27.
1021:
975:
932:
889:
840:
825:
818:
800:
782:
765:
751:
736:
734:
731:
730:
729:
724:
717:
714:
678:
677:
676:
675:
665:
664:
663:
657:
654:
651:
647:Contralateral
640:
639:
638:
632:
626:
620:
610:
609:
608:
605:
602:
599:
592:
589:
576:
573:
557:
556:
548:
541:
526:
506:
505:
502:
496:
485:
482:
416:lateral sulcus
395:
392:
334:proprioception
323:central sulcus
297:
296:
287:
281:
280:
275:
269:
268:
263:
257:
256:
251:
245:
244:
239:
232:
231:
226:
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
191:
190:
185:
179:
178:
169:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
104:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
83:
82:
75:
65:
58:
51:
44:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3149:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Parietal lobe
3130:
3129:
3127:
3114:
3112:
3105:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3066:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3030:
3029:Rhinal sulcus
3027:
3025:
3024:Dentate gyrus
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:Superolateral
2787:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:Superolateral
2623:
2620:
2618:
2617:Temporal lobe
2614:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:Lingual gyrus
2594:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:Visual cortex
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:Lunate sulcus
2556:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:Superolateral
2522:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2375:Angular gyrus
2372:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:Superolateral
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:Parietal lobe
2322:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1921:Superolateral
1919:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1882:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1764:(3): 302–13.
1763:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:(4): 418–20.
1720:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1621:(8): 613–25.
1620:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1372:(2): 205–12.
1371:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1337:(5): 2180–6.
1336:
1332:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1246:(1): 125–34.
1245:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1093:9780444519276
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
994:(6): 626–31.
993:
989:
982:
980:
976:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
936:
933:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
893:
890:
885:
881:
876:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
844:
841:
836:
829:
826:
821:
815:
811:
804:
801:
796:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
769:
766:
761:
755:
752:
747:
741:
738:
732:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
715:
713:
710:
708:
704:
700:
698:
697:Hugo Liepmann
694:
690:
687:
682:
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
661:
658:
656:Dress apraxia
655:
652:
650:
646:
645:
644:
641:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:
606:
603:
600:
597:
593:
590:
587:
586:
585:
582:
581:
580:
574:
572:
568:
566:
562:
553:
549:
546:
542:
539:
535:
534:somatosensory
531:
527:
523:
519:
518:
517:
515:
510:
503:
500:
499:Graphesthesia
497:
494:
491:
490:
489:
483:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
427:Brodmann area
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
400:
393:
391:
389:
385:
384:parietal bone
380:
378:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
346:dorsal stream
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
315:temporal lobe
312:
308:
304:
303:parietal lobe
292:
286:
282:
279:
276:
274:
270:
267:
264:
262:
258:
255:
252:
250:
246:
243:
240:
237:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
218:
215:
213:
209:
206:
203:
201:
197:
192:
189:
186:
184:
180:
177:
173:
170:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
151:
150:
140:
105:
103:Pronunciation
101:
96:
89:
84:
79:
71:
62:
61:Parietal lobe
55:
54:Temporal lobe
48:
42:
36:
33:Parietal lobe
31:
19:
3108:
2872:
2324:
2149:Orbital gyri
2001:Broca's area
1913:Frontal lobe
1831:
1827:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1801:the original
1796:
1786:
1761:
1757:
1751:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1696:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1618:
1614:
1604:
1569:
1565:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1468:
1464:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1291:
1287:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1158:(7): 941–9.
1155:
1151:
1075:
1069:
1034:
1030:
1024:
991:
987:
945:
941:
935:
905:(1): 57–77.
902:
898:
892:
857:
853:
843:
834:
828:
809:
803:
794:
773:
768:
754:
740:
711:
701:
691:
683:
679:
667:
642:
612:
595:
583:
578:
569:
559:More recent
558:
551:
544:
529:
525:appropriate.
521:
511:
507:
487:
478:eye movement
443:
424:
405:
387:
381:
366:
327:
319:frontal lobe
302:
300:
254:A14.1.09.123
242:birnlex_1148
204:
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47:Frontal lobe
2856:Limbic lobe
1905:human brain
948:(1): 20–5.
660:Anosognosia
377:hemineglect
354:temperature
307:major lobes
194:Identifiers
3126:Categories
3113:span gyri.
2779:Interlobar
2476:3, 1 and 2
2216:Precentral
2077:Prefrontal
2043:Precentral
1929:Prefrontal
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1807:4 December
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795:Psychology
778:David Marr
774:homunculus
733:References
538:vestibular
456:) and the
344:, and the
330:modalities
224:NeuroNames
3093:Operculum
2641:41 and 42
2439:Precuneus
1130:ignored (
1120:cite book
1039:CiteSeerX
394:Structure
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3137:Cerebrum
3055:Amygdala
2873:anterior
1860:22937268
1778:13123592
1743:24813342
1735:15768034
1701:Liepmann
1688:41741275
1680:18692079
1645:18641668
1596:24565734
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1495:22975148
1443:12867504
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1270:16815337
1221:15207243
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1061:12612015
1016:21042078
1008:16271458
927:33359587
884:18829966
716:See also
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514:macaques
484:Function
388:paries-,
362:thalamus
236:NeuroLex
160:Cerebrum
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3086:General
1903:of the
1851:3420742
1703:, 1900
1636:2692883
1587:4075961
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1351:8734616
1261:3066049
1180:5907587
1103:3615538
962:1374953
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875:2744218
707:agnosia
693:Apraxia
629:Apraxia
437:is the
309:of the
217:D010296
156:Part of
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2591:Cuneus
1858:
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2914:gyrus
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1176:S2CID
1012:S2CID
966:S2CID
923:S2CID
350:touch
289:[
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200:Latin
2460:Both
2249:Both
1856:PMID
1832:2011
1809:2012
1774:PMID
1731:PMID
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1641:PMID
1592:PMID
1540:PMID
1491:PMID
1439:PMID
1382:PMID
1347:PMID
1304:PMID
1266:PMID
1217:PMID
1168:PMID
1132:help
1108:PMID
1088:ISBN
1057:PMID
1004:PMID
958:PMID
915:PMID
880:PMID
814:ISBN
596:read
561:fMRI
550:The
543:The
528:The
520:The
474:gyri
358:pain
321:and
301:The
266:5467
249:TA98
212:MeSH
183:Vein
70:lobe
1846:PMC
1836:doi
1766:doi
1723:doi
1668:doi
1631:PMC
1623:doi
1582:PMC
1574:doi
1530:PMC
1522:doi
1481:PMC
1473:doi
1429:PMC
1421:doi
1374:doi
1339:doi
1296:doi
1256:PMC
1248:doi
1207:doi
1160:doi
1098:PMC
1080:doi
1049:doi
996:doi
950:doi
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870:PMC
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273:FMA
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