General elections in Singapore

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person who was neither a party to the proceedings nor a candidate claiming he should have been declared elected, that person must be given an opportunity to be heard and to give and call evidence to show why a report should not be made against him. However, where a candidate's agents are found to have been guilty of treating, undue influence or an illegal practice, but the candidate proves that the offences were committed contrary to their orders and without their election agents' sanction or connivance, that all reasonable means were taken to prevent corrupt and illegal practices at the election, that the offences were of a trivial and limited nature, and in other respects the election was free from corrupt or illegal practice, the election is not void.

1005: 1831: 1616: 1176:. Committing an act of bribery involves doing any one of a number of acts to induce a person to vote or refrain from voting or to reward them for having done so, such as giving or lending money; and giving or procuring an office or employment. It is also bribery for a person to procure or promise to procure that a voter exercise their vote in a certain way or that a candidate be elected as an MP in return for some inducement; to give money to someone else, knowing that they will use the money for bribery at an election; to accept an inducement for voting or not voting or agreeing to do so; and to induce a person to consent to being nominated as a candidate, or refrain or withdraw from being a candidate in return for some inducement. 597:). A person intending to contest in a GRC as a minority candidate must also submit a certificate confirming that they are a person belonging to the Malay, Indian or some other minority community. In addition, between the date of the writ of election and 12:00 noon on nomination day, candidates must lodge with the returning officer a deposit equal to 8% of the total allowances payable to an MP in the preceding calendar year, rounded to the nearest $ 500, which varies in each election. At the close of the nomination period, if there are multiple candidates in an SMC or more than one group of candidates in a GRC, the election is adjourned for a poll to be taken, otherwise, the election is declared 1514:

restrictions as to the places where or manner in which they must not be displayed, and the period after polling day within which they must be removed. All banners and posters must have a stamp bearing the returning officer's official mark on the bottom right-hand corner. They may not be displayed within 200 metres (660 ft) of any polling station or any shorter distance as the returning officer may specify. Among other things, it is an offence punishable by a fine of up to $ 1,000 or imprisonment not exceeding 12 months to alter, deface, destroy, obliterate or remove any banner or poster, or to display a banner or poster in such a way as to obscure any banner or poster already displayed.

686: 1628: 1946:; if the voter cast a vote at a general election in more than one electoral division; and if the vote was for a disqualified candidate and the disqualification was either a matter that the voter was aware of or was sufficiently publicised or widely known. During a scrutiny, a tendered vote that is shown to be valid will be added to the poll if any party to the proceedings asks for the vote to be added. On the other hand, a registered elector's vote will not be struck off at a scrutiny just because he was not qualified to be on the electoral register, and the returning officer's decision as to whether or not a ballot paper should be rejected may not be questioned. 630:, and voting is compulsory. Unless the returning officer decides otherwise, polling stations are open from 8:00 am to 8:00 pm. Voters must go to the polling stations assigned to them. In 2023, the Elections Department introduced a postal voting trial for overseas Singaporeans to cast their votes at overseas missions and government offices. Since 2018, electronic registration has been used to register voters at polling stations. This makes the registration process faster than the previous practice of manually checking and striking off the names against a hardcopy register. After the poll closes, the presiding officer of each polling station seals the 2560:

remaining MPs may find it difficult to deal with constituency matters. Also, if the MP who vacates their seat is from a minority community and the seat is not filled, this would defeat the purpose of the GRC scheme which is to ensure a minimum level of minority representation in Parliament. In response, the Government has said that the other MPs of the GRC continue to represent the electors and should be able to handle constituency matters without any problems. Moreover, the loss of one minority MP in a GRC should not make much difference in practice as there will be other minority MPs in Parliament.

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completed, the returning officer ascertains whether the total number of electors registered to vote overseas is less than the difference between the number of votes for the two candidates with the highest number of votes. If so, the returning officer declares the candidate with the highest number of votes to be elected as president. If not, the overseas votes may be decisive. The returning officer then states the number of votes cast for each candidate and the date and location where the overseas votes will be counted. Since the 2020 elections, recounts are now triggered automatically.

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the 12 months preceding the declaration mentioned in the next sentence. They must also submit to the Registrar a declaration stating, to the best of their knowledge and belief, that they did not receive any other donations required to be mentioned in the donation report, and that only donations from permissible donors or allowable anonymous donations were accepted. If this paperwork is in order, the Registrar will issue a political donation certificate not later than the eve of nomination day stating that the candidate has complied with the provisions of the Act.

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and recounts if any, have been completed, the returning officer ascertains whether the total number of electors registered to vote overseas is less than the difference between the number of votes for the two candidates with the highest number of votes. If so, the returning officer declares the candidate with the highest number of votes to be elected for the electoral division. If not, the returning officer states the number of votes cast for each candidate and the date and location where the overseas votes will be counted.

1942:– that is, a re-examination of the ballot papers – if they allege that an unsuccessful candidate had a majority of lawful votes. When a scrutiny is conducted, the election judge may order a vote to be struck off if the voter was not on the register of electors assigned to the polling station at which the vote was recorded or was not authorised to vote at the station; if the vote was obtained by bribery, treating or undue influence; if the voter committed or induced someone to commit the offence of 1210:. When a person makes use of or threatens to make use of force, violence or restraint, or inflicts or threatens to inflict temporal or spiritual injury, damage, harm or loss on a person to induce them to vote or refrain from voting, or to punish them for having done so; or uses abduction, duress or some fraudulent scheme to impede or prevent a person's free exercise of their vote, or to compel or induce them to vote or refrain from voting, this amounts to the offence of undue influence. 2171: 1765:), from 8 am to 8 pm. Similar to votes cast locally, voting is also compulsory and can only be done once. After voting ended, the ballot boxes are sealed and are transported back to Singapore; the counting is conducted a few days after the election ended and once all the boxes are safely returned, though the counts of the votes do not affect the eventual outcome as the overseas electorate is much smaller, ranging from 558 during the debut to 6,570 in the recent 2020 election. 1057:

candidates in-person if the candidate is unable to come on person such as illness. Each nomination paper is then posted outside the place of nomination; and candidates, their proposers, seconders, assentors and one other person appointed by each candidate to be present may examine the nomination papers of other candidates which have been received for that electoral division. Candidates may object to other candidates' nomination papers on the following grounds only:

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notes. This makes the counting process three times faster than the previous practice of manually counting the ballot papers by counting assistants. To curb speculation from unofficial sources, a sample count is typically performed at the start of the counting process to get an indication of the possible electoral outcome. This is based on a random bundle of 100 ballot papers from each polling station in the contested electoral division. A candidate or his

112: 1501:. Like Party Political Broadcasts, Constituency Political Broadcast allows the use of four official languages but can be used altogether instead of a single language, and any candidates are eligible, including independents. The duration for the broadcast was three minutes times the number of candidates and the alphabetical order of the constituencies determines the order of broadcast; each segment will feature either one GRC or two SMCs before 1236:, that is, "any statement relating to the way in which voters have voted at the election where that statement is (or might reasonably be taken to be) based on information given by voters after they have voted", or "any forecast as to the result of the election which is (or might reasonably be taken to be) based on information so given". The penalty for both of these offences is a fine of up to $ 1,500, imprisonment of up to 12 months, or both. 1855:

electoral register. They are prohibited from communicating information obtained during the counting of votes as to which candidate has been voted for in any particular ballot paper. Furthermore, no person is allowed to try to find out from within a polling station who a voter intends to vote for or has voted for, or to communicate with a voter after he has been given a ballot paper but before he has placed it in a ballot box.

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register of a certain year if on 1 January of that year they are a Singapore citizen who is ordinarily resident in Singapore, not less than 21 years old, and not subject to any disqualifications. A person not resident in Singapore but entitled to have their name entered or retained in a register of electors for a particular electoral division may apply to be registered as an overseas elector any time before a

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Officer, after which the names are delisted from the registrar of voters of the electoral divisions that they belong to. These voters are also called "non-voters", and they will be ineligible to vote in, or allow to participate, in subsequent elections of any kind. Any non-voters may reinstate their names by submitting an application, either through the online website or counter services at a nearby

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faith and that there is a reasonable explanation for the shortcoming such as his inadvertence or illness, or the absence, death, illness or misconduct of some other agent, clerk or officer. In particular, the judge may relieve a candidate from the consequences of an act or omission by his principal election agent if he did not sanction or connive in it and took all reasonable means to prevent it.

754:, there were 93 electable seats in Parliament organised into 14 SMCs and 17 GRCs. Six GRCs were designated as four-member wards, 11 as five-member wards. 11 GRCs were designated as wards for which at least one member of the Malay community had to be fielded as a candidate, and six as wards for which at least one member of the Indian or some other minority community had to be fielded. 1655:, placards, posters and replica voting papers may not be carried, worn, used or displayed by any person or on any vehicle as political propaganda, although candidates may wear replicas of the symbols allotted to them for election purposes. In addition, holding election meetings and canvassing are not permitted on the day before polling day and polling day itself. 1182:. It is an offence to make or publish, before or during an election for the purpose of affecting the return of a candidate, any false statement of fact relating to the personal character or conduct of the candidate; or, in order to promote or procure the election of a particular candidate, to make any false statement about the withdrawal of another candidate. 858:

to be lodged or, as the case may be, the date on which the person convicted was released from custody or the date on which the fine was imposed. In addition, a person is not disqualified for acquiring or exercising rights of foreign citizenship or declared allegiance to a foreign country if they did so before becoming a Singapore citizen.

593:. On nomination day, the returning officer and their representatives will be present at designated nomination centres between 11:00 am and 12:00 noon to receive prospective candidates' nomination papers, and political donation certificates certifying that they have complied with the requirements of the Political Donations Act ( 1870:

to the size of ballots based on each polling station for the constituency. The counts are published by the assistant returning officer through broadcast and internet before vote counting is complete, which is always shown as an integer. Election Department announced that the sample counts may differ from the actual results with

1675:. Unless the returning officer decides otherwise, polling stations are open from 8:00 am to 8:00 pm on polling day. To vote, voters must go to the polling stations assigned to them. Applying for a ballot paper or voting in the name of someone else, or attempting to vote more than once, amounts to the offence of 1334:

must provide to the returning officer, within 12 hours after the start of the period, declarations containing information on all the online platforms the advertising has appeared on in that time. Subsequently, a similar declaration must be provided before election advertising is published on such platforms.

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prepared or updated, they are made available for public inspection to enable people to submit claims to be included in registers or to raise objections concerning the inclusion of other people in the registers. After all claims and objections have been dealt with, the registers are certified as correct.

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is any activity "(a) that takes place within any election period; and (b) that is for the purpose of promoting or procuring the electoral success of one or more identifiable political parties, candidates or groups of candidates at any election or otherwise enhancing the standing of any such political

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where it was kept under safe custody for period of six months after election ended, after which the boxes are transported to the incineration plant for incineration, unless directed otherwise by order of the President. Under the protection act, the process is to ensure all of the voters' identity are

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as a film "(a) which is an advertisement made by or on behalf of any political party in Singapore or any body whose objects relate wholly or mainly to politics in Singapore, or any branch of such party or body; or (b) which is made by any person and directed towards any political end in Singapore". A

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In a statement by the Election Department, any unpaid online election advertisements can be published by anyone if desired, but only candidates and their election agents can publish paid advertisements, and need to be declared to the Returning Officer by the candidate or election agent under existing

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Two forms of political advertising on the Internet are permitted during election time. First, during the election period – that is, the period between the day the writ of election is issued and the start of polling day – political parties, candidates or election agents may use the Internet to further

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equal to 8% of the total allowances payable to an MP in the preceding calendar year, rounded to the nearest $ 500. The exact amount of the deposit is specified in the notice of the writ of election issued by the returning officer. For the 2020 general election, the amount of the deposit was $ 13,500.

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PEA, s. 71(1). The prohibition does not apply to people employing motor vehicles to convey themselves or their spouse, parents or children to and from the poll: ss. 71(2) and (3). Also, a candidate is not liable nor is their election avoided if the illegal conveyance of voters to or from the poll is

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Under the constitution, voting in Singapore is compulsory as voting is exercising fundamental right of citizenship and democracy. After polls closed, any names (and along with the serial numbers) of registered voters who did not cast a vote that day are complied in a list to be sent to the Returning

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may also affix their own seals to the ballot boxes. The ballot boxes are then taken to counting centres to be opened and the ballots counted. According to the guidance issued to voters by the Elections Department, votes should be marked with a cross. However, even if this guidance is not followed, a

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All election advertising contained in printed documents must bear on their face or, if there is more than one side of printed matter, on the first or last pages, the names and addresses of their printers, publishers, and the persons for whom the advertising was published. Failure to comply with this

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The returning officer issues a notice stating that the writ of election has been issued by the President and stipulating the date, time and places for nomination of candidates, the documents that candidates must submit on nomination day, and the amount of the deposit that must be lodged. This notice

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may ask the returning officer for a recount of votes if the difference between the number of votes for the candidate or group of candidates with the most votes and the number of votes of any other candidate or group of candidate is 2% or less, excluding rejected and tendered votes. After all counts,

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PEA, s. 80(1). A person is presumed to have been canvassing if he enters or is seen at more than two houses or workplaces of voters in the same polling district other than his own home or workplace, unless the contrary is proved: s. 80(5). The penalty is a fine of up to $ 1,000 and jail of up to 12

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on 10 May 2011 ("Election Advertising Regulations") and issued under the PEA, s. 78A, as including "(a) any banner, logo or small icon that is capable of being posted on any social networking service, micro-blog, website or other form of electronic media; or (b) any other software or programme used

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Introduced during the 2015 elections, sample counts are also done during the vote counting process which prevent speculation and misinformation, while helping election officials check against the election result for that electoral division. 100 votes are selected at random and are weighed according

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Individuals who are Singapore citizens may publish on the Internet material that amounts to election advertising without having to comply with the above regulations so long as they do so personally and not at the direction of another person or on that person's behalf, and do not receive any benefit

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and the returning officer will declare that the candidate has or the group of candidates have been elected. The returning officer issues a notice of contested election which states when polling day will be (which must not be earlier than the 10th day nor later than the 56th day after publication of

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The returning officer may themselves lodge objections. All objections must be made between 11:00 am and 12:30 pm on nomination day. The returning officer must then, with the least possible delay, decide on the validity of the objections made and inform candidates of their decision. If any

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A person's disqualification for having failed to properly lodge a return of election expenses or having been convicted of an offence may be removed by the President. If the President has not done so, the disqualification ceases at the end of five years from the date on which the return was required

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See the PEA, s. 80A(2), the Public Entertainments and Meetings (Speakers' Corner) (Exemption) (Revocation) Order 2011 (S 207/2011) and the Public Order (Unrestricted Area) (Revocation) Order 2011 (S 208/2011). Following the election, Speakers' Corner's status as a no-permit-required zone

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Constitution, Art. 65(3). The President is required to dissolve Parliament if the office of Prime Minister is vacant and he is satisfied in his personal discretion that a reasonable period has elapsed since the office was vacated and there is no MP likely to command the confidence of a majority of

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The law provides that a by-election need only be called in a GRC if all the MPs in the constituency vacate their seats. It has been argued that the law should be amended, otherwise electors living in a GRC where a vacancy has arisen will lack parliamentary representation, and with a missing MP the

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The election judge certifies his decision, which is final, to the President. The judge must also report to the President whether any corrupt or illegal practice was established to have been committed by or with the knowledge and consent of any candidate or his agent. If a judge intends to report a

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Once nomination proceedings have ended on nomination day, the returning officer issues to each candidate, group of candidates or their election agents a permit authorising banners and posters to be displayed. The permit specifies the maximum number of banners and posters that may be displayed, any

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In addition, during the period starting with the day when the writ of election is issued and ending with the start of the eve of polling day, election campaign recordings are exempted from the requirement that films must be submitted to the Board of Film Censors for review, and may be published on

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The penalty for bribery, personation, treating and undue influence is a fine of up to $ 5,000 or imprisonment of up to three years or both; candidates declaring false statements is liable to be fined or imprisoned up to 12 months or both. Similar to illegal practices, candidates convicted are also

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is corruptly giving or providing, or paying in whole or part for, any food, drink, refreshment, cigarette, entertainment or other thing, or any money or ticket or other means to enable such things to be obtained, in order to corruptly influence a person to vote or refrain from voting, or to induce

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After the date of the writ of election and at least two clear days before nomination day, a candidate or prospective candidate must provide the Registrar of Political Donations with a report stating all the donations received from permissible donors that amount to at least $ 10,000 received during

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Under the Political Donations Act, candidates for general elections may only receive political donations from Singapore citizens who are at least 21 years old, or Singapore-controlled companies which carry on business wholly or mainly in Singapore. The receipt of anonymous donations is prohibited,

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involves trying to persuade a person to vote or not to vote in a particular way, or visiting a voter for an election-related purpose at home or at their workplace. It is also an offence to exercise undue influence on any person at or near a polling station, for instance, by trying to find out the

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Secondly, when candidates wish to publish election advertising on the Internet during the campaign period – that is, the period from the closure of the place of nomination on nomination day after the election is adjourned to enable a poll to be taken, to the start of the eve of polling day – they

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The Prime Minister may from time to time, but not later than three years after the last general election, direct that the electoral registers be revised; and may, before a general election, require the registers to be brought up to date by reference to a particular year. After registers have been

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To be eligible to vote in a general election in a particular year, a person's name must appear in a certified register of electors of that year. A register of electors is prepared for each electoral division in Singapore. A person is entitled to have their name entered or retained in an electoral

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and was due to inadvertence, accidental miscalculation or the like. Similarly, the judge may make an order allowing an authorised excuse for a failure to file a proper return or declaration relating to election expenses if the candidate or his principal election agent shows that he acted in good

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and English. The duration of the permitted broadcast depends on the number of candidates each party is fielding, and ranges from two and a half minutes for a party fielding six or seven candidates, to 13 minutes for one fielding between 89 and 93 candidates. The number of candidates fielded also

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On nomination day, the returning officer and their representatives will be present at designated nomination centres between 11:00 am and 12:00 noon to receive prospective candidates' nomination papers, political donation certificates, and minority certificates (if required). Each nomination

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Candidates can only mount election campaigns from after the close of nomination up to the day before the eve of polling day. No campaigning is permitted on the eve of polling day itself, which is known as "cooling-off day". Candidates can advertise on the Internet, conduct house-to-house visits,

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to be made on radio and TV, one on the day after nomination day and the other on the eve of polling day. Only political parties fielding at least six candidates at an election are eligible to make a broadcast; independent candidates may not do so. Party political broadcasts must be delivered by

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without opening them. Candidates or their polling agents may also affix their own seals to the ballot boxes. The ballot boxes are then taken to counting centres to be opened and the ballots counted. Since 2018, vote counting is conducted by counting machines similar to those used to handle bank

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Constitution, Art. 39A; PEA, ss. 8A and 22. A person is regarded as belonging to the Malay, Indian or other minority communities if they considers themselves to be a member of the community and are generally accepted as such by that community: Constitution, Art. 39A(4). Two committees exist to

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Restoration of names are open from the date when the list of non-voters have been complied by ELD until the day the Writ of Election for the next election is issued; if the voter is unable to vote due to unforeseen circumstances, he may pre-apply for his name to be restored to the registers by

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A person is deemed to be ordinarily resident in Singapore on 1 January of a year if they have resided in Singapore for an aggregate of 30 days during the three years immediately preceding 1 January, even if they are not actually resident in Singapore on that date. However, such a person is not

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or electoral divisions is not permanently fixed by law, but is declared by the Prime Minister prior to each general election pursuant to the Parliamentary Elections Act, which governs the conduct of elections to Parliament, taking into account recommendations of the Electoral Boundaries Review

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and that the only one candidate in an SMC or the sole group of candidates in a GRC being MP-elects. The returning officer issues a notice of contested election which states when polling day will be; and information such as the names of the candidates, their proposers and seconders, the symbols

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under the witness of candidates and their polling agents present at the polling station, before being sealed by Presiding Officers (except for opening slots) so that it can be used. After the polls closed, the boxes, along with the slots, are sealed and wrapped before being transported to the

1679:. If a person claiming to be a voter named in the electoral register turns up at a polling station after someone also claiming to be that voter has already voted, the second person is permitted to cast what is called a "tendered vote" using a ballot paper of a different colour after taking an 1231:

Between the day the writ of election is issued and the close of all polling stations on polling day, it is an offence to publish the results of any election survey, which is defined as an opinion survey of how electors will vote at an election, or of the preferences of electors concerning any

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Voting in (a) any national, state or provincial election, or (b) any election for the local government of any metropolitan or urban area, in a country outside Singapore (other than as an overseas elector during a Singapore election) is deemed to be the voluntary claim and exercise of a right

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All officers, clerks, interpreters, candidates and candidates' agents at polling stations must maintain the secrecy of voting in stations. Before the poll is closed, they must not communicate to anyone the name of any elector who has or has not yet voted or their identification number on the

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if the difference between the number of votes for the candidate or group of candidates with the most votes and the number of votes (excluding any rejected and tendered votes) of any other candidate or group of candidates is within a 2% margin. After all counts, and recounts if any, have been

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Nomination papers and certificates must be personally delivered to the returning officer in duplicate by the person seeking nomination. The person's proposer, seconder and at least four assentors must also be present in person; any authorized proxy representatives may also allow to represent

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Any person who wishes to participate in an election as a minority candidate in a GRC must, after the date of notice of the writ of election and at least two clear days before nomination day, apply to the Malay Community Committee or the Indian and Other Minority Communities Committee for a

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Depending on whether the judge has determined that the election was valid or void, the election return is confirmed or altered. If the election is declared void, the President is empowered to order that another election be held in the electoral division concerned within one month of the

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and distributed through the Internet. Such recordings are unmodified live recordings of lawful performances, assemblies or processions held in connection with election activities which do not depict the proceedings in a dramatic way or consist of unscripted or "reality" type programmes.

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held that the Constitution obliges the Prime Minister to call a by-election unless a general election is going to be held in the near future. However, a by-election need only be called within a reasonable time, and the Prime Minister has discretion to determine when it should be held.

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The penalty for committing in illegal practice is a fine of up to $ 2,000 and barred from being registered as an elector or participating in the election for three years within the date of conviction; if the person has been elected an MP prior to conviction, the seat is also vacated.

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The maximum amount which a candidate or their election agent can pay or incur for an election campaign is $ 4 for each elector in an SMC, or for each elector divided by the number of candidates in the group standing for election in a GRC. The following expenses are illegal practices:

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they are disqualified under any law relating to offences in connection with elections to Parliament or the office of President by reason of having been convicted of such an offence or having in proceedings relating to such an election been proved guilty of an act constituting such an

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by the prospective candidate that they are qualified to be elected; and must be signed by a proposer, a seconder, and four or more persons as assentors, each of whom must be a person on the register of electors for the electoral division in which the person seeks election. Since the

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A person claiming to have been a candidate at a general election or to have had a right to be elected, or a person who voted or had a right to vote at a general election, may apply to an election judge for a candidate's election to be declared void on any of the following grounds:

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introduced another "one-off specially arranged" televised series, "Constituency Political Broadcast", which are pre-recorded broadcasts featuring candidates airtime to persuade voters on television, as a replacement on physical rallies which was disallowed due to the ongoing

2545:. In the past, the Government took the position that the Prime Minister had discretion whether or not a by-election should be called to fill a casual vacancy in an SMC, and could leave a parliamentary seat unfilled until the next general election. However, in the case of 4102:

on 10 May 2011, which state: " no advertisement may be inserted by or on behalf of any body whose objectives are wholly or mainly of a political nature, and no advertisements may be directed towards any political end." (The phrase in brackets appears only in the radio

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they are able, with a degree of proficiency sufficient to enable them to take an active part in Parliamentary proceedings, to speak and, unless incapacitated by blindness or some other physical cause, to read and write at least one of the following languages: English,

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Introduced in 2010, legal changes were assessed on the eve of polling day for elections where campaigning and election advertising is prohibited under the Presidential Elections Act and the Parliamentary Elections Act, though the following activities are exceptions:

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In general, it is an offence for importing, reproducing, distributing or exhibiting any party political film, with a penalty of up to $ 100,000 fine or imprisonment of up to two years or both. However, a film is not regarded as a party political film if it is:

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is serving a sentence of imprisonment imposed by any court in or outside Singapore for an offence punishable with imprisonment of more than 12 months; or has been sentenced to death by such a court or is serving a term of imprisonment in lieu of a death

719:. The President is not obliged to proclaim that Parliament is dissolved unless he is satisfied that the Prime Minister commands the confidence of a majority of MPs. Once Parliament has been dissolved, a general election must be held within three months. 1949:

The election judge is empowered to exempt from being an illegal practice any particular act or omission by a candidate, his election agents or any other agent or person in paying a sum, incurring an expense or entering into a contract if it was done in

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candidate or group of candidates or any political party or issue with which an identifiable candidate or group of candidates is associated at an election. It is also an offense to publish on polling day before all the polling stations have closed any

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If the conviction is by a court of law in Malaysia, the person shall not be disqualified unless the offence is also one which, had it been committed in Singapore, would have been punishable by a court of law in Singapore: Constitution, Art.

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A candidate who subsequently polls more than one-eighth of the total number of valid votes in the electoral division they contest but who is not elected will have the deposit returned; otherwise, the deposit is forfeited and paid into the

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PEA, s. 25. Where an act is required to be done a specified number of clear days before or after a specified date, at least that number of days must intervene between the day on which the act is done and that date: compare the Rules of

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on radio and television, one on the day following nomination day and the other on cooling-off day. The amount of airtime granted depends on the number of candidates each party is fielding. The maximum amount which a candidate or their

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objection is allowed, the grounds of the decision must be provided. The rejection of any objection is final and cannot be challenged in court, but any objections that are allowed may be reversed on application to an election judge.

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on behalf of candidates), clerks and messengers; hire committee rooms for the use of candidates; pay for expenses incurred for the conduct or management of the election; and receive money from third parties for election expenses.

1041:, candidates are also recommended to submit their recent passport photo with a size of no more than 2 MB and 400 x 514 pixels, to the Election Department as photographs are printed to the ballot paper for better identification. 3150: 4174:

Political Broadcasts guideline, paras. 16 and 17. If two or more political parties have an equal number of candidates, the broadcast order is decided by a draw carried out in the presence of the Chief Executive Officer of the

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The returning officer must show each ballot paper intended to be rejected to all candidates or their counting agents and hear their views, but makes the final decision as to whether the ballot paper should be rejected or not.

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certificate stating that they are a person belonging to the Malay, Indian or some other minority community. Certificates to this effect will be issued by the respective committees not later than the day before nomination day.

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determine whether a person qualifies as a member of a minority community – a Malay Community Committee and an Indian and Other Minority Communities Committee: PEA, s. 27C; Appointment of Members of Malay Community Committee (

992:

except for anonymous donations totalling less than $ 5,000 received during a period starting with the date 12 months before the date when the candidate makes the declaration referred to below and ending with nomination day.

4822:

PEA, s. 56(3). However, a presiding officer at a polling station may, at his discretion before the poll has closed, disclose to a candidate or his election agent the total number of voters who have voted at the station: s.

1366:(b) contains wholly or partly references to or comments on any political matter which, in the opinion of the Board, are either partisan or biased; and "political matter" includes but is not limited to any of the following: 3771: 1750:, an additional criteria for eligibility as an overseas voter is that the voter must provide both a recent contact address (Local Contact Address (LCA)) and an overseas address on the voter's residence registered with the 1784:

is available to postal voters via the ELD's online voter services after Nomination Day (if there is a contest), where they download and print a copy of it along with a pre-paid return envelope. Valid envelopes must be

1559:. The dates and venues for the meetings are fixed by the police, and candidates may apply for permits on a first-come-first-served basis the day before each meeting date. Although meetings can normally be held at 1095:

At the close of the nomination period, where there is more than one candidate in an SMC or more than one group of candidates in a GRC, the election is adjourned for a poll to be taken, otherwise, the election is

1320:

Appeals for money or other property in association with a representation that it will be applied for the objects or activities of any political party or for the promotion of any candidate or group of candidates.

1891:

The majority of voters was or might have been prevented from electing their preferred candidate due to a general occurrence of bribery, treating, intimidation or some other form of misconduct or circumstances.

1130:. In the case of a group of candidates contesting a GRC, a principal election agent must be appointed from among the candidates' election agents. Candidates may name themselves as their own election agents. 1983:

After the vote counting ended and results are released, the ballot papers and any other official documents used in the election are placed into separate boxes and sealed; these boxes are transported to the

1192:

is committed when a person applies for a ballot paper in the name of some other person, whether living, dead or fictitious; or, having already voted at an election, applies for another ballot paper to vote

888:

voluntarily claimed and exercised rights available under the law of a country outside Singapore which are enjoyed exclusively by citizens or nationals of that country, except the use of a foreign passport;

4765: 3044:

Where the conviction is by a foreign court, the person is not disqualified unless the offence is one which would have been punishable by a Singapore court if it had been committed in Singapore: PEA, s.

2801: 1806:

vote is valid if the ballot paper clearly indicates the voter's intention and the candidate or group of candidates for whom they vote. A vote will be rejected by the returning officer as invalid if it:

2102:, the PAP was returned unopposed in all except seven of the 58 constituencies, and won the remaining seats with 84% of the popular vote. Thereafter, every seat in Parliament was held by a PAP MP until 3927: 1900:

The candidate personally hired someone as an election agent, canvasser or agent while aware that the person had been found guilty of a corrupt practice within the seven years before he was engaged.

4189: 4087: 2793: 2563:

NCMPs are only declared to be elected at general elections, and there is no provision for the seat of an NCMP to be filled if it falls vacant. On the other hand, if an NMP vacates their seat, a

1433: 2983: 970:

specifies the date when the nomination of candidates is to be taken (which must not be earlier than five days nor later than one month from the date of the writ), and the places of nomination.

3840:

in connection with a computer or other electronic device and which may be used for communicating or transmitting election advertising among users in any format, such as but not limited to

623:

can pay or incur for an election campaign is currently $ 4 ($ 3.50 before 2011) per the electorate in an SMC, or in the case of GRC, the average electorate per the size of the GRC itself.

5487: 5441: 2813: 1686:

Voters are then given a ballot paper with an area to state their choice by marking it with a cross. The paper is then folded vertically in half, then slotted into a ballot box. As of the

1938:

that the election is void, that a particular candidate was wrongfully declared to have been elected, and/or that another candidate was duly elected. The applicant may also request for a

4367:

was restored by the Public Entertainments and Meetings (Speakers' Corner) (Exemption) Order 2011 (S 249/2011) and the Public Order (Unrestricted Area) Order 2011 (S 250/2011).

924:

is a person whose name has been expunged from the register or the register of electors under the Presidential Elections Act, and who has not yet had their name restored to the register.

6642: 1161:

Paying any voter for the use of a house, land, building or premises for exhibiting any address, bill or notice, unless that voter's ordinary business is that of an advertising agent.

1070:

the requirements for elections in a GRC have not been complied with (for instance, the candidates are not all from the same political party or there is no minority candidate); and/or

1053:(the Government's main bank account). For GRCs, the election deposit is multiplied by the number of candidates in a team; for Presidential election, the election deposit is tripled. 1587:

distributing a book or promoting the sale of a book for not less than its commercial value if the book was planned to be published regardless of whether there was to be an election;

940:

issued by a Singapore court because they have been accused or convicted by a Singapore court of an offence against any written law punishable with more than 12 months' imprisonment.

5344: 3784: 1523:

requirement amounts to a corrupt practice and is punishable with a fine of up to $ 1,000 or imprisonment of up to 12 months or both, along with the election disqualification (see

6537: 1453: 1021: 2800:, both dated 23 June 2020 and archived on 30 June 2020. The procedures of these committees are regulated by the Parliamentary Elections (Malay Community Committee) Regulations ( 5542: 4030: 1489:

determines the order of broadcasts, with the broadcast of the party fielding the smallest number of candidates on first and that of the party fielding the largest number last.

1261:

was issued, the publication of the poll contravened the ban against publishing election surveys during the blackout period. SPH accepted that an "internal lapse" had occurred.

66: 1077: 6623: 2785: 495:

or electoral divisions is not permanently fixed by law, but is declared by the Prime Minister prior to each general election pursuant to the Parliamentary Elections Act (

1363:(a) contains wholly or partly any matter which, in the opinion of the Board , is intended or likely to affect voting in any election or national referendum in Singapore; or 849:

they have voluntarily acquired the citizenship of, or exercised rights of citizenship in, a foreign country or has made a declaration of allegiance to a foreign country; or

6975: 6532: 614:

distribute pamphlets, put up banners and posters, and hold election rallies. Political parties fielding at least six candidates are allocated airtime for two pre-recorded

1596:

election advertising lawfully published or displayed before the start of the eve of polling day on the Internet which is not changed after its publication or display; and

2615: 2050: 1660:

identity of any person entering a polling station, recording voters' particulars, and waiting outside or loitering within 200 metres (660 ft) of polling stations.

4798: 4095: 1092:

Each candidate may only be nominated in one electoral division at a general election, and only nominated once in an electoral division. Multiple nominations are void.

4536: 3945: 5703: 4631: 1980:

designated counting centre by bus under police escort. Upon arrival, the boxes are checked and accounted before it can be opened and emptied to begin vote counting.

6799: 6143: 4680:

PEA, s. 48(2). The same process is applied to other documents used in the poll, namely, unused and spoilt ballot papers, marked copies of the register of electors,

1535: 1410:

a documentary having no animation and made entirely of an accurate account that shows actual events, persons or situations, but not a film that is an unscripted or

463: 42: 6904: 4757: 1927: 1908: 898:

applied to the authorities of a place outside Singapore for the issue or renewal of a passport or used a passport issued by such authorities as a travel document;

6121: 6657: 5584: 4113: 5080: 2890: 2805: 2012:, to the Registration Officer along with any reason for absence; the fee to restore a name is S$ 50, but it can be waived if their reasons are valid, such as: 1253:, a warning in lieu of prosecution for having published a voters' poll in the newspaper on 10 January. As this was the day after the writ of election for the 1101:

the notice); and information such as the names of the candidates, their proposers and seconders, the symbols allocated to candidates which will be printed on

6542: 6417: 3931: 1607:

justified the changes as enabling voters to think dispassionately about the candidates' stands on issues raised, and reducing the chance of public disorder.

1342:

requirements. Posting or republishing of ads (which include sharing, resharing, reposting or boosting existing advertisements) can be done at anytime before

1897:

A corrupt or illegal practice in connection with the election was committed by the candidate, or by an agent of the candidate with his knowledge or consent.

1421:, or the candidate or party's ideology or declaration of policies that the candidate or party's candidates will seek to be elected on at a parliamentary or 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 5498: 5475: 5425: 5275: 2547: 1004: 649: 303: 2987: 2036:

submitting an application online prior to polling day; however, such cases can still allow the voter to vote, but doing so voids the earlier application.

1830: 1404:

one that consists of a live recording of a lawful performance, assembly or procession that does not show any event, person or situation in a dramatic way;

6695: 4091: 2797: 2158: 2150: 566: 558: 1044:

In addition, between the date of the writ of election and 12:00 noon on nomination day, candidates are required to lodge with the returning officer the

779:

they are resident in Singapore at the date of nomination and have been so resident for an aggregate period of not less than ten years before that date;

3589:

PEA, s. 65(1). Contracts for election expenses are not enforceable against a candidate if not made by the candidate or their election agent: s. 64(2).

2149:

and winning 83 out of 93 seats. For the first time, an opposition party – the Workers' Party – captured multiple GRCs with the newly formed four-seat

1388:(vii) a political party in Singapore or any body whose objects relate wholly or mainly to politics in Singapore, or any branch of such party or body. 6859: 6662: 5398: 1017: 7004: 6773: 6616: 6583: 6567: 4843: 3795: 2860:"Parliamentary Elections Act (Chapter 218) - Parliamentary Elections (Designation of Group Representation Constituencies) Order 2020 - S 160/2020" 2127: 1615: 1258: 308: 4333: 1627: 6401: 6395: 6390: 6384: 6378: 6373: 4832:

PEA, ss. 56(3) to (6). The penalty for contravening these provisions is a fine of up to $ 1,500 or jail of up to nine months or both: s. 56(7).

1769: 1751: 1706:, voters are also allowed to cast their votes aboard outside Singapore at any one of the ten designated overseas polling stations (those being 1691: 1038: 827:

to a person so nominated, they have failed to lodge any return of election expenses required by law within the time and in the manner required;

740: 685: 531: 522:(GRCs). Each SMC returns one Member of Parliament (MP) while each GRC returns between three and six MPs, at least one of whom must be from the 175: 1963:

determination. If the election of one MP in a GRC is determined to be void, the election of the other MPs for that constituency is also void.

6836: 6667: 6087: 6057: 6034: 6015: 5996: 5973: 5951: 5928: 5909: 5807: 5789: 5648: 5622: 5330: 5243: 5197: 5154: 5098: 2831: 2281: 663: 208: 2739:

According to the Constitution, Art. 39(3), a constituency is construed as an electoral division for the purposes of Parliamentary elections.

6826: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 4194: 2095: 205: 5359: 917:

is a serving member on full pay of any naval, military or air force not maintained out of moneys provided by Parliament, unless they are

6809: 6365: 6136: 2595: 2407: 1422: 456: 407: 4280: 3355: 6994: 6909: 6609: 5560: 3832: 3009: 2154: 1993:

located on the counterfoil to ensure integrity of the democratic process and strict accounting to avoid infringement and personation.

1552: 562: 5546: 4034: 1223:

All election posters must bear the election department's stamp or chop if it is a legal poster approved by the election department.

6964: 6831: 6677: 6672: 6277: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 5205: 4656: 2762: 2652: 2146: 2142: 2135: 2131: 2115: 2099: 2075: 2071: 1773: 1703: 1687: 1493: 1457: 1025: 751: 728: 690: 519: 511: 80: 56: 5757: 4606: 3604:

It is an illegal practice for a person to make any payment, advance or deposit other than through an election agent: s. 65(3).

2789: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 1401:

one made only to inform or educate people on the procedures and polling times for an election or national referendum in Singapore;

6999: 5901: 5640: 5146: 2067: 1215:

disqualified from involvement in elections and the vacation of elected seats (if elected) for up to seven years upon conviction.

1155:

Paying to bring voters to or from the poll, except if certain voters need to cross the sea or a river to reach a polling station.

2130:. Between 1984 and 2011, the number of elected parliamentary seats held by opposition parties fluctuated between one (after the 1122:

On or before nomination day, every candidate must declare to the returning officer the name of one person who will act as their

5353: 190: 6068: 2859: 6841: 6340: 6129: 1593:

conveying one's own political views on a non-commercial basis to another individual by telephonic or electronic transmission;

1590:

publishing news relating to an election in a licensed newspaper in any medium or in a licensed radio or television broadcast;

667: 500: 449: 93: 4787: 4099: 3008:

PEA, s. 13A. The conduct of overseas voting is regulated by the Parliamentary Elections (Overseas Voting) Regulations 2006 (

2218: 2107: 2055: 1560: 1540: 554: 1754:(ICA), and has resided in Singapore for an aggregate of at least 30 days during the 3-year period before the cut-off date. 1417:

a film created by a candidate or a political party without animation and dramatic elements made up entirely of the party's

6768: 6350: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6300: 6295: 4624: 3780: 2365: 1240: 212: 48: 3295: 3270: 1667:

informing them of the polling stations where they can cast their votes in person. Polling day at a general election is a

739:

or other minority communities. A group of persons wishing to stand for election in a GRC must all be members of the same

530:

or other minority communities. A group of persons wishing to stand for election in a GRC must all be members of the same

6882: 6869: 6355: 5507: 5284: 3432: 2552: 2111: 1668: 1407:

one that records a lawful event or occasion for those who took part in the event or occasion or are connected with them;

1295: 1254: 831: 627: 436: 349: 321: 227: 1032:

paper must contain a statement signed by the prospective candidate that they consent to the nomination; must include a

731:(GRC). Each SMC returns one MP while each GRC returns between three and six MPs, at least one of whom must be from the 6946: 6763: 6285: 5254: 4176: 3800: 2580: 2153:(also the first time a newly formed constituency was won by the opposition on the first attempt) as well as retaining 1464: 1009: 767: 723: 708: 492: 488: 277: 235: 5588: 4117: 3405: 2344: 699:

The maximum duration of each Parliament is five years from the date of its first sitting. If Parliament has not been

6899: 6877: 6735: 6079: 2260: 2123: 2103: 1985: 1923: 1919: 1694:) will also be provided, though ELD advised voters to bring a pen as standby in the event the stamp's ink ran out. 1445: 675: 337: 329: 3320: 1067:

it is apparent from the contents of the nomination paper that the candidate is not capable of being elected an MP;

479:

must be held within three months after five years have elapsed from the date of the first sitting of a particular

6894: 6819: 6687: 6632: 6305: 5524: 4394: 3695:

PEA, s. 58(1). A person also commits an act of treating if they corruptly accept some inducement given: s. 58(2).

2695: 2538: 2533: 2302: 1599:

the continued lawful display of posters and banners already displayed before the start of the eve of polling day.

1556: 1468: 1467:, political advertising is not permitted on radio or television. Instead the Authority arranges for pre-recorded 1307: 933:

they are serving a sentence of imprisonment in any prison, jail or other place of detention outside Singapore; or

895:

or made any declaration or acknowledgment of allegiance, obedience or adherence to any foreign power or state; or

700: 615: 484: 387: 146: 133: 2086:

swept into power with 43 out of 51 seats in the Assembly. Since then, the PAP has retained power and formed the

1894:

There was a failure to comply with the Parliamentary Elections Act and this affected the result of the election.

1810:

does not bear a complete authentication mark or is not initialled by the presiding officer at a polling station;

6345: 6290: 5900:, Singapore: Asian Media Information and Communication Centre (AMIC); School of Communication and Information, 5699: 5614: 5235: 2946:

countries and the Republic of Ireland are not considered as "foreign countries": Constitution, Art. 45(3).

2323: 2239: 1914: 1502: 1244: 744: 535: 4300: 2197: 2079: 1438: 1081: 1064:

the nomination paper does not comply with or was not delivered in accordance with the requirements of the law;

546: 289: 220: 197: 182: 72: 6930: 6925: 6887: 6794: 6745: 5483: 5433: 2943: 2590: 2564: 2087: 679: 655: 550: 480: 381: 248: 167: 159: 125: 1789:

and have to be reached to Singapore before Polling day and by Returning Officer within 10 days afterwards.

1376:(iii) an issue submitted or otherwise before electors in an election or a national referendum in Singapore; 910:

has been convicted of a corrupt or illegal practice under the PEA or the Presidential Elections Act, or an

6804: 6789: 6753: 6335: 6159: 4306: 3632:

committed without their consent or connivance by a person other than their election agent: s. 71(1A).

2585: 2568: 2045: 1473: 712: 578: 515: 400: 268: 264: 256: 4376:

PEA, s. 78B, inserted by the Parliamentary Elections (Amendment) Act 2010 (No. 10 of 2010).

4738:

PEA, ss. 49B(1) and (4). A candidate is only permitted to make one application for a recount: s. 49B(3).

4517:

PEA, s. 57(1). The penalty is a fine of up to $ 5,000 or jail of up to three years or both: s. 61(1)(i).

3805: 2091: 1379:(iv) the Government or a previous Government or the opposition to the Government or previous Government; 1283: 1279: 1033: 835: 102: 4342: 2541:

are elections held to fill seats in Parliament that fall vacant in between general elections, known as

874:

A person is disqualified from having their name entered or retained in a register of electors if they:

5595: 5334: 5258: 6758: 3242:

PDA, s. 18(4). A political donation certificate is conclusive as to the facts it certifies: s. 18(5).

1158:

Letting, lending, employing, hiring or borrowing a motor vehicle to bring voters to or from the poll.

736: 582: 298: 1975:

are treated. Prior to the opening hours, the boxes are checked to ensure the contents are empty and

707:. However, in most cases Parliament is dissolved and a general election called at the behest of the 499:), which governs the conduct of elections to Parliament, taking into account recommendations of the 17: 4472:

PEA, s. 82(1). The penalty is a fine of up to $ 2,000 or jail of up to 12 months or both: s. 82(2).

2170: 1875: 1864: 1835: 732: 527: 4073:

parties, candidates or groups of candidates with the electorate in connection with any election":

5723: 5687: 3426: 2808:; and the Parliamentary Elections (Indian and Other Minority Communities Committee) Regulations ( 2616:"More polling stations, new stamp part of improved voting arrangements for presidential election" 2031:

any special circumstances that cause a voter unable to vote that day, such as a technical glitch.

1411: 1127: 838:

and sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not less than one year or to a fine of not less than

671: 523: 678:" system, while NCMPs are chosen from among the candidates of political parties not forming the 4657:"Postal voting for overseas Singaporeans and other changes that will be made to elections laws" 1971:

Election department ensure the privacy of all registered voters during an election and how the

881:

acquired or applied to acquire the citizenship of a country outside Singapore by registration,

823:

having been nominated for election to Parliament or the office of President or having acted as

487:. However, Parliament can also be dissolved and a general election called at the behest of the 6083: 6053: 6030: 6011: 5992: 5969: 5947: 5924: 5905: 5884: 5867: 5850: 5826: 5803: 5785: 5644: 5618: 5239: 5150: 4865: 4287:

on 9 August 2011, issued pursuant to the Public Order Act 2009 (No. 15 of 2009).

3964: 3926:

Parliamentary Elections (Corrupt Practices – Exempt Circumstances and Activities) Order 2011 (

3853: 2684: 2660: 2623: 2070:

and became known as the State of Singapore. For the first time, Singapore had a fully elected

2059: 1935: 1672: 1544: 1498: 1249: 1050: 963: 788: 590: 4758:"Singapore GE2020: Automatic recount if difference in votes between candidates is 2% or less" 1563:

without applying for a police permit, this privilege does not apply during election periods.

6601: 5744: 5715: 5679: 5326: 4400: 4284: 4190:"Party Political Broadcasts And Constituency Political Broadcasts For General Election 2020" 3946:"Publishing, reposting or sharing of election ads not allowed on Cooling-off Day: IMDA, ELD" 3362: 2519: 2009: 1847: 1577: 1481: 1472:

candidates, and each broadcast must consist of a single script in each of the four official

1045: 959: 839: 817: 704: 586: 430: 141: 5564: 3836: 3013: 662:

and consists of three types of Members of Parliament: elected Members of Parliament (MPs),

111: 5250: 4610: 3976: 3849: 3845: 1871: 1723: 1604: 1385:(vi) a current policy of the Government or an issue of public controversy in Singapore; or 340: 5099:"Woman did not get to vote on Polling Day due to 'human error and miscommunication': ELD" 3171:

PEA, s. 27A(6). Such certificates are conclusive as to the facts they certify: s. 27A(7).

2066:

With effect from 3 June 1959, Singapore was granted full internal self-government by the

4603: 4435:

PEA, s. 77. The penalty is a fine of up to $ 1,000 or jail of up to 12 months: s. 77(4).

3831:

is defined in reg. 2 of the Parliamentary Elections (Election Advertising) Regulations (

2891:"Electoral boundaries committee convened in first formal step towards next Singapore GE" 1323:

Any facility enabling members of the public to search for unlawful election advertising.

5081:"GE2020: ELD apologises for miscommunication that prevented woman from voting – report" 2542: 2386: 2119: 1976: 1843: 1551:

For election meetings such as rallies to be held, permits must be applied for from the

1485: 1477: 1275: 1123: 937: 918: 882: 824: 798:

they are not otherwise disqualified from being MPs under Article 45 of the Constitution

792: 784: 636: 620: 362: 357: 193: 178: 5503: 5280: 4693:

PEA, s. 48(3). A polling station may be designated a counting place as well: s. 48(4).

1903:

At the time the candidate was elected, he was disqualified from standing for election.

6988: 5961: 5727: 5691: 5632: 5394: 5201: 5138: 3553:

PEA, ss. 62(1) and (3). Each candidate may only appoint one election agent: s. 62(4).

1990: 1802: 1777: 1739: 1735: 1449: 1303: 1299: 1291: 1138: 1134: 1106: 1013: 958:

The election process begins when the President, acting on Cabinet's advice, issues a

659: 607: 285: 2145:

saw PAP's overall vote share dropped to 61.24% which was the lowest share since the

1922:. The validity of a general election is determined by an election judge, who is the 1878:), and advised the public to refer to the returning officer for the actual results. 602:

allocated to candidates, and their passport photos, all of which will be printed on

6093: 5817: 5059: 4037:

on 10 May 2011 ("Campaign Recordings Notification"), issued under the FA, s. 40(2).

3361:(Notification 1203). Republic of Singapore Government Gazette. 2020. Archived from 2083: 1644: 367: 4681: 4341:, Public Affairs Department, Singapore Police Force, 27 April 2011, archived from 5385:

Thio, "The Legislature and the Electoral System", p. 358, para. 06.189.

5376:

Thio, "The Legislature and the Electoral System", p. 356, para. 06.180.

2982:

PEA, s. 5(4) read with the Parliamentary Elections (Prescribed Date) Order 2011 (

2792:; and Appointment of Members of Indian and Other Minority Communities Committee ( 2016:

working overseas (including being on a business trip) at the time of polling day;

1652: 1359:

film is regarded as being "directed towards a political end in Singapore" if it:

1084:

supporters at the Bukit Panjang SMC and Holland–Bukit Timah GRC nomination centre

6049: 5943: 5704:"Online Opposition in Singapore: Communications Outreach without Electoral Gain" 5606: 5227: 5116: 4537:"More polling stations and active officials for Presidential Election 2023: ELD" 1943: 1676: 1189: 929:

entitled to have their name entered or retained in any register of electors if:

372: 1797:

After the poll closes, the presiding officer of each polling station seals the

1648: 5719: 5683: 4582: 3841: 2832:"White Paper on the Report of the Electoral Boundaries Review Committee, 2020" 2763:

Group Representation Constituency#Number and boundaries of electoral divisions

2002: 1972: 1951: 1798: 1762: 1656: 810: 631: 539: 507: 5830: 5670:

Bellows, Thomas J. (2009), "Meritocracy and the Singapore Political System",

4029:) of the Films (Election Campaign Recordings – Exemption) Notification 2011 ( 2664: 2627: 6154: 5988: 1758: 1727: 1664: 1620: 1418: 1326: 1271: 1233: 6027:

Whither PAP's Dominance?: An Analysis of Singapore's 1991 General Elections

5854: 1690:, a self-inking device (such as a pen and later, a stamp introduced in the 1204:

the person to attend an election meeting or reward them for having done so.

727:

Committee. Each constituency may be of Single Member Constituency (SMC) or

5888: 5871: 4386:

Kor Kian Beng (2 December 2009), "Opposition: PAP will have unfair edge",

3598:

PEA, s. 65(1A). Such money can also be received by candidates personally:

3321:"Elections Department announces revisions 'to enhance election processes'" 5898:

Singapore General Elections, 2001: Study of the Media Politics and Public

4561: 2114:

in the Anson constituency. Jeyaretnam retained his seat at the following

1939: 1786: 1743: 1731: 1524: 1200: 1097: 598: 76: 2761:

For more information on the Electoral Boundaries Review Committee, see "

1126:. This person is legally responsible for the conduct of the candidate's 773:

they are 21 years of age or above on the day of nomination for election;

5923:, Singapore: Asian Mass Communication Research and Information Centre, 4396:

Mixed reactions to PM's proposal of one-day cool-off before Polling Day

3224:

PDA, ss. 18(1)(a), 18(2) and 18(6). A nil return is required: s. 18(3).

1719: 1247:("SPH") and Warren Fernandez, respectively the publisher and editor of 5528: 3055: 2699: 5571: 5553: 3181: 2749: 2078:

held on 30 May that year to give effect to the new constitution, the

1781: 1711: 1632: 1102: 843: 603: 594: 496: 5847:

The Crucial Years Ahead: Republic of Singapore General Election 1968

5782:

The Price of Victory: The 1997 Singapore General Election and Beyond

5748: 5541:

Films (Election Campaign Recordings – Exemption) Notification 2011 (

5535: 3896: 1989:

not compromised, as contents inside each ballot paper have a unique

1834:

A sign indicating the polling station at the void deck of Block 115

1414:

or that depicts those events, persons or situations dramatically; or

1398:

one made only for news reporting by a licensed broadcasting service;

4310: 1816:

has been written upon or marked in a way that identifies the voter;

966:, who is the official responsible for overseeing the election. The 689:

Demarcation of the boundaries of the various constituencies in the

6006:

Pugalenthi Sr. (2006), "Elections in Singapore: 1997 & 2001",

3600: 2049: 1913: 1829: 1715: 1707: 1626: 1614: 1534: 1432: 1287: 1076: 1061:

the description of the candidate is insufficient to identify them;

1003: 684: 52: 5453:

Constitution, Art. 49(2)(a) and the Fourth Schedule, para. 4(2);

4604:

Press Release: Certification of Registers of Electors, 2006 (PDF)

1813:

contain votes for more than one candidate or group of candidates;

907:

is found or declared to be of unsound mind under any written law;

802:

Article 45 provides that persons are not qualified to be MPs if:

703:

before that period has elapsed, it is automatically dissolved by

5940:

Days of Being Wild: GE2006, Walking the Line with the Opposition

1747: 1680: 1313:

However, the Internet may not be used to publish the following:

967: 892: 6605: 6125: 6116: 6046:

Voting in Change: Politics of Singapore's 2011 General Election

4261:

Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 23(b) read with reg. 17.

3773:

Stern Warnings Issued to Singapore Press Holdings and ST Editor

2816:, both in force from 1 April 2020 and archived on 30 June 2020. 974:

must be issued at least four clear days before nomination day.

914:

reports that they have committed a corrupt or illegal practice;

806:

they are and have been found or declared to be of unsound mind;

545:

The most recent general election was held on 10 July 2020. The

6111: 5735:

Singh, Bilveer (1994), "Singapore: Change amidst Continuity",

4844:"Elections Department to conduct sample counts on Polling Day" 4331:

The venues used for the 2011 general elections are set out in

2022:

living with their spouse who is working or studying overseas;

514:, there are 93 elected seats in Parliament organised into 14 6074:, in Croissant, Aurel; Bruns, Gabriele; John, Marei (eds.), 6029:, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications, 5559:

Parliamentary Elections (Election Advertising) Regulations (

5018:

PEA, s. 96(1). The President must publish the report in the

1757:

Polling stations open based on the times from the Singapore

762:

Persons are qualified to be elected or appointed as MPs if:

5414:

Lee, "Parliamentary Elections" (27 August 2008), col. 3403.

3035:

available under the law of that country: PEA, s. 6(3).

2685:

https://www.eld.gov.sg/mediarelease/SampleCount_Generic.pdf

1934:

The applicant for an election to be avoided may ask for a

4064:

Campaign Recordings Notification, para. 2 (definition of

1239:

On 20 June 2013, the police, acting on directions of the

1133:

Election agents are required to appoint candidates' paid

5919:

Kuo, Eddie C.Y.; Holaday, Duncan; Peck, Eugenia (1993),

5117:"WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I DID NOT VOTE IN A PAST ELECTION?" 6112:

Official website of the Elections Department, Singapore

4684:

of ballot papers and the tendered votes list: s. 48(1).

2551:(2013), which arose from a vacancy in Hougang SMC, the 1373:(ii) a candidate or group of candidates in an election; 1350:

Political films and broadcasts, and campaign recordings

4179:

and the parties' authorized representatives: para. 18.

3944:

Correspondent, Goh Yan HanPolitical (15 August 2023).

3934:

on 10 May 2011, made pursuant to the PEA, s. 61(6)(e).

3874:

Election Advertising Regulations, regs. 4(3) and (3A).

2837:. Electoral Boundaries Review Committee. 13 March 2020 1370:(i) an election or a national referendum in Singapore; 911: 885:

or other voluntary and formal act other than marriage;

6643:

Text of the Constitution at Singapore Statutes Online

5896:

Karan, Kavita; Kuo, Eddie C.Y.; Lee, Shu Hui (2010),

4788:"GUIDE FOR COUNTING AGENTS FOR GENERAL ELECTION 2020" 4412:"Balancing a strong govt and a diversity of voices", 1073:

that a candidate has not lodged the required deposit.

776:

their names appear in a current register of electors;

5609:(2012), "The Legislature and the Electoral System", 5567:

on 10 May 2011 ("Election Advertising Regulations").

5549:

on 10 May 2011 ("Campaign Recordings Notification").

5230:(2012), "The Legislature and the Electoral System", 1525:

Election expenses, and illegal and corrupt practices

1306:

files, electronic media applications, and blogs and

1146:

Election expenses, and illegal and corrupt practices

6955: 6939: 6918: 6868: 6850: 6782: 6744: 6686: 6650: 6576: 6410: 6364: 6276: 6166: 5819:

Handbook for Parliamentary Election Candidates 2011

5784:, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 5204:of the Workers' Party became an NCMP following the 4625:"Press Release on Voting for Singaporeans Overseas" 4279:

Public Order (Election Meetings) Regulations 2009 (

491:before the five-year period elapses. The number of 6976:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 5985:Singapore Politics under the People's Action Party 5866:, Singapore: Donald Moore for Asia Pacific Press, 5758:"Soul Searching Singapore's 2011 General Election" 5591:on 10 May 2011 ("Political Broadcasts guideline"). 4120:on 10 May 2011 ("Political Broadcasts guideline"). 3193:PDA, s. 14(1)(a) read with s. 2(1) (definition of 2567:may nominate a replacement to be appointed by the 5921:Mirror on the Wall: Media in a Singapore Election 4055:Campaign Recordings Notification, paras. 5 and 6. 2062:on 29 April 2011 during the 2011 general election 1270:candidates' campaigns, including using websites, 868: 5600:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 5585:General Election 2011 Party Political Broadcasts 5403:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 5339:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 5263:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 4156:Political Broadcasts guideline, paras. 5 and 11. 4114:General Election 2011 Party Political Broadcasts 6117:Official website of the Parliament of Singapore 5800:Elections in Singapore: Are They Free and Fair? 4129:Political Broadcasts guideline, paras. 1 and 2. 2826: 2824: 2822: 2774:Constitution, Art. 39A(1)(a); PEA, s. 8A(1)(a). 2653:"Counting machines to be used in next election" 1361: 6078:, Singapore: Office for Regional Cooperation, 3356:Parliamentary Elections Act – Writ of Election 3012:), in force from 19 April 2006, archived from 2090:through successive elections, and Singapore's 1555:at the Police Elections Liaison Office in the 6617: 6137: 6076:Electoral Politics in Southeast and East Asia 5864:Democracy in Singapore: The 1970 By-elections 5587:guideline dated 23 April 2011, archived from 4996: 4994: 4252:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 23(a). 4225:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 12(1). 4116:guideline dated 23 April 2011, archived from 3891: 3889: 2019:studying overseas at the time of polling day; 1911:nominated by him acts as the election judge. 871:is issued for any election in that division. 457: 8: 4426:PEA, 1st Sch., Form 12, read with s. 40(3A). 3883:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 4(4). 3865:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 4(1). 3407:Candidate Handbook for General Election 2020 1651:, symbols, sets of colours, advertisements, 1631:A form showing the layouts of the fronts of 830:they have been convicted of an offence by a 715:to do so by a proclamation published in the 6044:Tan, Kevin Y L; Lee, Terence, eds. (2011), 5602:(27 August 2008), vol. 84, cols. 3328–3434. 5499:Vellama d/o Marie Muthu v. Attorney-General 5476:Vellama d/o Marie Muthu v. Attorney-General 5426:Vellama d/o Marie Muthu v. Attorney-General 5276:Vellama d/o Marie Muthu v. Attorney-General 5265:(27 August 2008), vol. 84, cols. 3397–3399. 5200:(NCMP) scheme had been introduced in 1984, 4335:Police news release: Election meeting sites 4270:PEA, ss. 61(1)(c)(i), 61(1)(iii) and 61(2). 3271:"SUBMISSION OF PHOTOGRAPH FOR BALLOT PAPER" 2548:Vellama d/o Marie Muthu v. Attorney-General 2161:, leaving the PAP with 83 out of 93 seats. 758:Qualifications for Parliamentary candidates 650:Lists of members of parliament in Singapore 6624: 6610: 6602: 6144: 6130: 6122: 5968:, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, 5611:A Treatise on Singapore Constitutional Law 5232:A Treatise on Singapore Constitutional Law 4702:PEA, 2nd Sch, para. 3, read with s. 42(7). 4234:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 18. 4216:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 10. 4046:Campaign Recordings Notification, para. 4. 3739: 3737: 3151:Cap. 322, R 5, 2014 Rev. Ed. 2163: 1801:without opening them. Candidates or their 1702:Introduced in 2005 but not used until the 1169:The following acts are corrupt practices: 1008:A sign pointing to the nomination hall at 464: 450: 88: 6633:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 5966:A Watershed Election: Singapore's GE 2011 5883:, Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, 5825:, Singapore: Elections Department, 2011, 5525:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 5238:, pp. 285–359 at 358, para. 06.187, 4138:Political Broadcasts guideline, para. 14. 3917:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 6. 3908:Election Advertising Regulations, reg. 2. 2786:Gazette Notification (G.N.) No. 1025/2020 2696:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 694:(click on the image for a larger version) 6860:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 5637:A History of Modern Singapore, 1819–2005 5143:A History of Modern Singapore, 1819–2005 4613:– Election Department, 17 February 2006. 4295: 4293: 4165:Political Broadcasts guideline, para. 4. 3296:"Submit your Photo for the Ballot paper" 2646: 2644: 549:(PAP) was returned to power to form the 27:Elections to the Parliament of Singapore 5457:(H.C.), p. 725, paras. 76–77. 5432:, 4 S.L.R. 698 at 725, para. 80, 5345:"By-election: pragmatism or principle?" 2606: 2516: 2503: 2490: 2477: 2464: 2460: 2443: 1838:Street 13 for the 2011 general election 1752:Immigration & Checkpoints Authority 921:(permanently resident) in Singapore; or 626:Polling day at a general election is a 100: 6160:Elections and referendums in Singapore 5401:), "Parliamentary Elections", 4098:dated 28 February 2011, archived from 4088:Radio Advertising and Sponsorship Code 3972: 3962: 3424: 3413:. 3.4: Election Department. p. 13 3056:Cap. 240A, 2007 Rev. Ed. 2986:) dated 3 January 2011, archived from 2565:Special Select Committee of Parliament 2126:was also elected as representative of 1780:is implemented for overseas voters. A 1692:2023 Singaporean presidential election 1635:used during general elections in SMCs 1543:rally at the 2011 general election in 664:Non-constituency Members of Parliament 6837:Non-constituency Member of Parliament 5983:Mauzy, Diane K.; Milne, R.S. (2002), 5881:The Singapore General Elections, 1972 5572:Cap. 236, 2001 Rev. Ed. 5554:Cap. 218, 2011 Rev. Ed. 5545:) dated 14 March 2011, archived from 5536:Cap. 107, 1998 Rev. Ed. 5405:(27 August 2008), vol. 83, col. 3384. 5352:The Straits Times (reproduced on the 5331:Non-constituency Member of Parliament 5198:Non-constituency Member of Parliament 4623:Elections Department (29 June 2020). 4033:) dated 14 March 2011, archived from 3930:) dated 14 March 2011, archived from 3897:Cap. 107, 1998 Rev. Ed. 3796:"AGC warns SPH over by-election poll" 3713:PEA, ss. 61(1)(a), (b), (i) and (ii). 3182:Cap. 236, 2001 Rev. Ed. 2955:Constitution, Arts. 45(1)(d) and (e). 2854: 2852: 2750:Cap. 218, 2011 Rev. Ed. 2504: 2491: 2478: 2465: 2177: 595:Cap. 236, 2001 Rev. Ed. 577:The election process begins when the 557:(WP) secured ten seats by winning in 501:Electoral Boundaries Review Committee 497:Cap. 218, 2011 Rev. Ed. 7: 4094:on 10 May 2011; and para. 27 of the 3251:PEA, ss. 27(3)(b), 27B(3) and 29(1). 1846:may ask the returning officer for a 1623:issued for the 2011 general election 1343: 978:Application for minority certificate 670:(NMPs). 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Ed., 1999 Reprint 5354:Singapore Management University 3641:PEA, ss. 70(1)(b) and 70(2)(a). 3622:PEA, ss. 70(1)(a) and 70(2)(b). 2700:1985 Rev. Ed., 1999 Reprint 1329:not permitted by the Films Act. 1227:Election surveys and exit polls 668:Nominated Members of Parliament 51:members at a election rally in 7005:General elections in Singapore 6842:Nominated Member of Parliament 5561:Cap. 218, Rg. 3, 2011 Rev. Ed. 5343:Clarissa Oon (1 August 2008), 3833:Cap. 218, Rg. 3, 2011 Rev. Ed. 3783:, 20 June 2013, archived from 3613:PEA, s. 69(1) and the 3rd Sch. 2810:Cap. 218, Rg. 2, 2011 Rev. Ed. 2802:Cap. 218, Rg. 1, 2011 Rev. Ed. 1874:within a 4-5% range (at a 95% 1748:eligibilities as a local voter 722:The number of elected MPs and 477:General elections in Singapore 35:General elections in Singapore 1: 5570:Political Donations Act ( 5423:Constitution, Art. 49(2)(b); 4393:S. Ramesh (1 December 2009), 3794:Kok Xing Hui (21 June 2013), 3180:Political Donations Act ( 2614:Goh, Yan Han (24 July 2023). 2366:Singapore Democratic Alliance 1284:photograph sharing or hosting 674:or popular election under a " 6658:Exclusion of judicial review 5708:Journal of Contemporary Asia 5358:, p. 32, archived from 3829:Electronic media application 3215:PDA, ss. 14(2) and 14(4)(b). 1016:, the nomination centre for 954:Issuance of writ of election 516:Single Member Constituencies 6947:Singaporean nationality law 5486:(Singapore), archived from 5291:(C.A.)"). 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No. 1026/2020 2164: 2068:British Government 2064: 2025:overseas vacation; 1932: 1840: 1641: 1625: 1549: 1461: 1128:political campaign 1086: 1029: 949:Election procedure 768:Singapore citizens 717:Government Gazette 697: 672:universal suffrage 6982: 6981: 6905:Judicial officers 6599: 6598: 6168:General elections 6089:978-981-04-6020-4 6059:978-981-08-9096-4 6036:978-967-978-418-3 6017:978-981-221-995-4 5998:978-0-415-24653-8 5975:978-981-4351-70-6 5953:978-981-05-7051-4 5930:978-9971-905-55-2 5911:978-981-08-6720-1 5809:978-981-04-3391-8 5791:978-981-3055-88-9 5650:978-9971-69-343-5 5624:978-981-07-1516-8 5563:), archived from 5444:on 24 April 2014. 5245:978-981-07-1516-8 5217:Turnbull, p. 351. 5187:Turnbull, p. 335. 5178:Turnbull, p. 333. 5156:978-9971-69-343-5 4762:The Straits Times 4463:months: s. 80(2). 4414:The Straits Times 4388:The Straits Times 4283:), archived from 4070:Election activity 3950:The Straits Times 3854:instant messaging 3835:), archived from 3677:PEA, s. 61(1)(e). 3668:PEA, s. 61(1)(d). 3490:PEA, s. 30(2)(a). 3472:PEA, s. 30(2)(b). 3233:PDA, s. 18(1)(b). 3206:PDA, s. 14(1)(b). 3195:permissible donor 2895:The Straits Times 2867:Singapore Gazette 2812:), archived from 2804:), archived from 2796:), archived from 2788:), archived from 2702:), Article 39(1). 2657:The Straits Times 2620:The Straits Times 2525: 2524: 2096:full independence 2060:Serangoon Stadium 1930:nominated by him. 1545:Serangoon Stadium 1531:Election meetings 1518:Printed documents 1499:COVID-19 pandemic 1317:Election surveys. 1276:discussion forums 1250:The Straits Times 1051:Consolidated Fund 1018:Bukit Panjang SMC 964:returning officer 962:addressed to the 938:warrant of arrest 818:offices of profit 591:returning officer 589:addressed to the 573:Electoral process 474: 473: 413:General elections 16:(Redirected from 7012: 6769:Attorney-General 6626: 6619: 6612: 6603: 6158: 6157: 6146: 6139: 6132: 6123: 6100: 6098: 6092:, archived from 6073: 6062: 6039: 6020: 6001: 5978: 5956: 5933: 5914: 5891: 5874: 5857: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5824: 5812: 5794: 5768: 5762: 5751: 5730: 5694: 5653: 5627: 5458: 5451: 5445: 5421: 5415: 5412: 5406: 5392: 5386: 5383: 5377: 5374: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5349: 5327:J. 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Jeyaretnam 5323: 5317: 5314: 5308: 5302: 5296: 5272: 5266: 5248: 5224: 5218: 5215: 5209: 5194: 5188: 5185: 5179: 5176: 5170: 5167: 5161: 5159: 5135: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5113: 5107: 5106: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5077: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5066: 5056: 5050: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5032: 5029: 5023: 5016: 5010: 5007: 5001: 4998: 4989: 4986: 4980: 4977: 4971: 4968: 4962: 4959: 4953: 4950: 4944: 4941: 4935: 4932: 4926: 4923: 4917: 4914: 4908: 4905: 4899: 4896: 4890: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4870: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4851: 4839: 4833: 4830: 4824: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4803: 4792: 4784: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4739: 4736: 4730: 4727: 4721: 4718: 4712: 4709: 4703: 4700: 4694: 4691: 4685: 4678: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4653: 4647: 4646: 4644: 4642: 4636: 4629: 4620: 4614: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4590: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4558: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4533: 4527: 4524: 4518: 4515: 4509: 4506: 4500: 4497: 4491: 4488: 4482: 4479: 4473: 4470: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4445: 4442: 4436: 4433: 4427: 4424: 4418: 4417: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4401:Channel NewsAsia 4390: 4383: 4377: 4374: 4368: 4364: 4358: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4348:on 9 August 2011 4347: 4340: 4329: 4323: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4297: 4288: 4277: 4271: 4268: 4262: 4259: 4253: 4250: 4244: 4241: 4235: 4232: 4226: 4223: 4217: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4186: 4180: 4172: 4166: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4148: 4145: 4139: 4136: 4130: 4127: 4121: 4110: 4104: 4084: 4078: 4062: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4044: 4038: 4023: 4017: 4014: 4008: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3990: 3987: 3981: 3980: 3974: 3970: 3968: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3941: 3935: 3924: 3918: 3915: 3909: 3906: 3900: 3893: 3884: 3881: 3875: 3872: 3866: 3863: 3857: 3846:RSS feed readers 3826: 3820: 3817: 3811: 3809: 3804:, archived from 3791: 3789: 3778: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3753: 3750: 3744: 3741: 3732: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3714: 3711: 3705: 3702: 3696: 3693: 3687: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3660: 3657: 3651: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3633: 3629: 3623: 3620: 3614: 3611: 3605: 3596: 3590: 3587: 3581: 3578: 3572: 3569: 3563: 3560: 3554: 3551: 3545: 3542: 3536: 3533: 3527: 3524: 3518: 3515: 3509: 3506: 3500: 3497: 3491: 3488: 3482: 3479: 3473: 3470: 3464: 3461: 3455: 3452: 3446: 3443: 3437: 3436: 3430: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3412: 3402: 3396: 3393: 3387: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3367: 3360: 3352: 3346: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3327:. 20 August 2015 3325:Channel NewsAsia 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3300: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3275: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3252: 3249: 3243: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3225: 3222: 3216: 3213: 3207: 3204: 3198: 3191: 3185: 3178: 3172: 3169: 3163: 3160: 3154: 3146: 3140: 3137: 3131: 3128: 3122: 3119: 3113: 3110: 3104: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3077: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3059: 3052: 3046: 3042: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3023: 3017: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2991: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2940: 2934: 2930: 2924: 2921: 2915: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2871: 2870: 2869:. 13 March 2020. 2864: 2856: 2847: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2836: 2828: 2817: 2781: 2775: 2772: 2766: 2759: 2753: 2746: 2740: 2737: 2731: 2728: 2722: 2721:MPs: Art. 65(2). 2718: 2712: 2709: 2703: 2693: 2687: 2682: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2648: 2639: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2611: 2543:casual vacancies 2173: 2166: 2157:and a five-seat 2112:1981 by-election 2098:in 1965. In the 2054:Supporters at a 2010:community centre 1848:recount of votes 1578:Election silence 1561:Speakers' Corner 1547:on 29 April 2011 1292:micro-blog posts 1255:2013 by-election 1180:False statements 1139:polling stations 1107:polling stations 1046:election deposit 960:writ of election 869:writ of election 743:, or a group of 705:operation of law 608:polling stations 587:writ of election 538:candidates. The 534:, or a group of 466: 459: 452: 429: 428: 427: 223: 114: 89: 69: 45: 21: 7020: 7019: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7009: 6985: 6984: 6983: 6978: 6969: 6957: 6951: 6935: 6914: 6883:Court of Appeal 6864: 6852: 6846: 6783:The Legislature 6778: 6740: 6682: 6646: 6635: 6630: 6600: 6595: 6588: 6572: 6411:Local elections 6406: 6360: 6272: 6162: 6152: 6150: 6108: 6099:on 6 March 2007 6096: 6090: 6071: 6066: 6060: 6043: 6037: 6024: 6018: 6005: 5999: 5982: 5976: 5960: 5954: 5937: 5931: 5918: 5912: 5895: 5878: 5861: 5844: 5835: 5833: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5798: 5792: 5779: 5776: 5760: 5755: 5749:10.1355/SEAA94P 5734: 5698: 5669: 5666: 5661: 5659:Further reading 5651: 5631: 5625: 5605: 5581: 5534:Films Act ( 5521: 5508:Court of Appeal 5471: 5466: 5461: 5452: 5448: 5422: 5418: 5413: 5409: 5393: 5389: 5384: 5380: 5375: 5371: 5362: 5347: 5342: 5324: 5320: 5316:PEA, s. 24(2A). 5315: 5311: 5303: 5299: 5285:Court of Appeal 5273: 5269: 5251:Lee Hsien Loong 5246: 5226: 5225: 5221: 5216: 5212: 5195: 5191: 5186: 5182: 5177: 5173: 5168: 5164: 5157: 5149:, p. 271, 5137: 5136: 5132: 5122: 5120: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5105:. 15 July 2020. 5097: 5096: 5092: 5087:. 14 July 2020. 5079: 5078: 5074: 5064: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5053: 5048: 5044: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5026: 5017: 5013: 5008: 5004: 4999: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4965: 4960: 4956: 4951: 4947: 4942: 4938: 4933: 4929: 4924: 4920: 4915: 4911: 4906: 4902: 4897: 4893: 4888: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4866:"Sample Counts" 4864: 4863: 4859: 4849: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4836: 4831: 4827: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4801: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4733: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4715: 4710: 4706: 4701: 4697: 4692: 4688: 4679: 4675: 4665: 4663: 4655: 4654: 4650: 4640: 4638: 4634: 4627: 4622: 4621: 4617: 4611:Wayback Machine 4602: 4598: 4588: 4586: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4560: 4559: 4555: 4545: 4543: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4525: 4521: 4516: 4512: 4507: 4503: 4498: 4494: 4489: 4485: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4467: 4461: 4457: 4453:PEA, s. 80A(1). 4452: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4434: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4416:, 28 April 2010 4411: 4405: 4403: 4392: 4385: 4384: 4380: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4361: 4351: 4349: 4345: 4338: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4316: 4314: 4299: 4298: 4291: 4278: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4251: 4247: 4242: 4238: 4233: 4229: 4224: 4220: 4215: 4211: 4201: 4199: 4188: 4187: 4183: 4173: 4169: 4164: 4160: 4155: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4137: 4133: 4128: 4124: 4111: 4107: 4085: 4081: 4063: 4059: 4054: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4027:election period 4024: 4020: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4002: 3997: 3993: 3988: 3984: 3971: 3961: 3954: 3952: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3925: 3921: 3916: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3895:Films Act ( 3894: 3887: 3882: 3878: 3873: 3869: 3864: 3860: 3842:digital banners 3827: 3823: 3819:PEA, s. 78A(3). 3818: 3814: 3808:on 26 June 2013 3793: 3790:on 26 June 2013 3787: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3756: 3752:PEA, s. 78D(1). 3751: 3747: 3742: 3735: 3730: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3676: 3672: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3654: 3649: 3645: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3626: 3621: 3617: 3612: 3608: 3597: 3593: 3588: 3584: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3566: 3561: 3557: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3534: 3530: 3525: 3521: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3453: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3423: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3394: 3390: 3386:PEA, s. 28(4A). 3385: 3381: 3371: 3369: 3368:on 25 June 2020 3365: 3358: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3344: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3255: 3250: 3246: 3241: 3237: 3232: 3228: 3223: 3219: 3214: 3210: 3205: 3201: 3192: 3188: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3166: 3162:PEA, s. 27A(5). 3161: 3157: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3129: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3107: 3103:PEA, s. 10(1A). 3102: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3029: 3024: 3020: 3016:on 10 May 2011. 3010:S 234/2006 3007: 3003: 2998: 2994: 2990:on 10 May 2011. 2981: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2950: 2941: 2937: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2879:PEA, s. 27A(3). 2878: 2874: 2862: 2858: 2857: 2850: 2840: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2820: 2782: 2778: 2773: 2769: 2760: 2756: 2747: 2743: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2725: 2719: 2715: 2710: 2706: 2694: 2690: 2683: 2679: 2669: 2667: 2650: 2649: 2642: 2632: 2630: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2577: 2553:Court of Appeal 2536: 2530: 2048: 2042: 2005: 1999: 1969: 1884: 1867: 1861: 1795: 1724:Washington D.C. 1700: 1698:Overseas voting 1663:Voters receive 1613: 1605:Lee Hsien Loong 1603:Prime Minister 1580: 1574: 1572:Cooling-off day 1569: 1533: 1520: 1511: 1437:Posters of the 1352: 1344:Cooling-off day 1267: 1229: 1221: 1208:Undue influence 1148: 1120: 1118:Election agents 1115: 1002: 989: 980: 956: 951: 864: 760: 741:political party 652: 646: 575: 532:political party 470: 441: 437:Other countries 425: 423: 418: 417: 403: 393: 392: 377: 350:Court of Appeal 345: 341:Sundaresh Menon 324: 314: 313: 295: 251: 241: 240: 232: 228:14th Parliament 162: 152: 151: 128: 105: 87: 86: 85: 84: 83: 70: 61: 60: 59: 46: 37: 36: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7018: 7016: 7008: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6987: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6974: 6971: 6970: 6968: 6967: 6961: 6959: 6953: 6952: 6950: 6949: 6943: 6941: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6933: 6928: 6922: 6920: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6891: 6890: 6885: 6874: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6856: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6823: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6786: 6784: 6780: 6779: 6777: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6764:Prime Minister 6761: 6756: 6750: 6748: 6746:The Government 6742: 6741: 6739: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6692: 6690: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6654: 6652: 6648: 6647: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6629: 6628: 6621: 6614: 6606: 6597: 6596: 6593: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6586: 6580: 6578: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6414: 6412: 6408: 6407: 6405: 6404: 6399: 6393: 6388: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6282: 6280: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6172: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6151: 6149: 6148: 6141: 6134: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6114: 6107: 6106:External links 6104: 6103: 6102: 6088: 6064: 6058: 6041: 6035: 6022: 6016: 6003: 5997: 5980: 5974: 5962:Lim, Catherine 5958: 5952: 5935: 5929: 5916: 5910: 5893: 5876: 5859: 5842: 5814: 5808: 5796: 5790: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5753: 5732: 5714:(4): 591–612, 5696: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5656: 5655: 5649: 5629: 5623: 5603: 5592: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5575: 5568: 5557: 5550: 5539: 5532: 5520: 5517: 5516: 5515: 5510:(Singapore) (" 5495: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5446: 5436:(Singapore) (" 5416: 5407: 5387: 5378: 5369: 5318: 5309: 5297: 5287:(Singapore) (" 5267: 5255:Prime Minister 5244: 5219: 5210: 5189: 5180: 5171: 5162: 5155: 5130: 5108: 5090: 5072: 5051: 5049:PEA, s. 95(3). 5042: 5033: 5031:PEA, s. 96(2). 5024: 5011: 5009:PEA, s. 95(1). 5002: 5000:PEA, s. 95(2). 4990: 4988:PEA, s. 88(5). 4981: 4972: 4963: 4954: 4952:PEA, s. 99(2). 4945: 4943:PEA, s. 99(3). 4936: 4934:PEA, s. 99(1). 4927: 4918: 4909: 4900: 4891: 4882: 4857: 4834: 4825: 4815: 4779: 4749: 4747:PEA, s. 49(7). 4740: 4731: 4722: 4720:PEA, s. 50(1). 4713: 4711:PEA, s. 50(2). 4704: 4695: 4686: 4673: 4648: 4615: 4596: 4574: 4553: 4528: 4519: 4510: 4508:PEA, s. 39(1). 4501: 4499:PEA, s. 39(3). 4492: 4483: 4474: 4465: 4455: 4446: 4444:PEA, s. 77(2). 4437: 4428: 4419: 4378: 4369: 4359: 4324: 4289: 4272: 4263: 4254: 4245: 4243:PEA, s. 78(4). 4236: 4227: 4218: 4209: 4181: 4167: 4158: 4149: 4140: 4131: 4122: 4105: 4079: 4057: 4048: 4039: 4018: 4009: 4000: 3991: 3982: 3936: 3919: 3910: 3901: 3885: 3876: 3867: 3858: 3821: 3812: 3763: 3754: 3745: 3733: 3731:PEA, s. 61(2). 3724: 3715: 3706: 3697: 3688: 3686:PEA, s. 57(1). 3679: 3670: 3661: 3652: 3650:PEA, s. 79(1). 3643: 3634: 3624: 3615: 3606: 3591: 3582: 3580:PEA, s. 64(1). 3573: 3571:PEA, s. 62(2). 3564: 3562:PEA, s. 61(5). 3555: 3546: 3537: 3528: 3519: 3510: 3508:PEA, s. 30(6). 3501: 3499:PEA, s. 30(5). 3492: 3483: 3481:PEA, s. 30(4). 3474: 3465: 3463:PEA, s. 30(1). 3456: 3454:PEA, s. 29(4). 3447: 3445:PEA, s. 29(3). 3438: 3397: 3395:PEA, s. 29(2). 3388: 3379: 3347: 3345:PEA, s. 28(1). 3338: 3312: 3287: 3262: 3253: 3244: 3235: 3226: 3217: 3208: 3199: 3186: 3173: 3164: 3155: 3141: 3139:PEA, s. 24(2). 3132: 3130:PEA, s. 24(1). 3123: 3114: 3105: 3096: 3094:PEA, s. 14(1). 3087: 3085:PEA, s. 6(1A). 3078: 3076:PEA, s. 5(1A). 3069: 3060: 3047: 3037: 3027: 3018: 3001: 2992: 2975: 2973:PEA, s. 10(1). 2966: 2957: 2948: 2935: 2925: 2916: 2907: 2881: 2872: 2848: 2818: 2776: 2767: 2754: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2713: 2704: 2688: 2677: 2640: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2576: 2573: 2532:Main article: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2387:Red Dot United 2384: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2219:Workers' Party 2216: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2175: 2174: 2147:2011 elections 2120:Chiam See Tong 2056:Workers' Party 2041: 2038: 2033: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 1998: 1995: 1968: 1967:Ballot secrecy 1965: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1883: 1880: 1863:Main article: 1860: 1857: 1844:counting agent 1824: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1803:polling agents 1794: 1791: 1704:2006 elections 1699: 1696: 1669:public holiday 1612: 1609: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1576:Main article: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1541:Workers' Party 1532: 1529: 1519: 1516: 1510: 1507: 1427: 1426: 1415: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1351: 1348: 1338:for doing so. 1331: 1330: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1266: 1263: 1228: 1225: 1220: 1217: 1212: 1211: 1205: 1194: 1183: 1177: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1147: 1144: 1135:polling agents 1124:election agent 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1075: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1001: 998: 988: 985: 979: 976: 955: 952: 950: 947: 942: 941: 934: 926: 925: 922: 915: 912:election judge 908: 905: 901: 900: 899: 896: 889: 886: 883:naturalisation 863: 860: 855: 854: 850: 847: 828: 825:election agent 821: 814: 807: 800: 799: 796: 780: 777: 774: 771: 759: 756: 724:constituencies 709:Prime Minister 645: 642: 637:counting agent 628:public holiday 621:election agent 574: 571: 555:Workers' Party 518:(SMCs) and 17 493:constituencies 489:Prime Minister 472: 471: 469: 468: 461: 454: 446: 443: 442: 440: 439: 433: 420: 419: 416: 415: 410: 404: 399: 398: 395: 394: 391: 390: 385: 376: 375: 370: 365: 360: 354: 353: 344: 343: 334: 333: 325: 320: 319: 316: 315: 312: 311: 306: 301: 294: 293: 282: 281: 273: 272: 261: 260: 252: 247: 246: 243: 242: 239: 238: 236:Constituencies 231: 230: 217: 216: 202: 201: 194:Indranee Rajah 187: 186: 179:Seah Kian Peng 172: 171: 163: 158: 157: 154: 153: 150: 149: 144: 138: 137: 129: 124: 123: 120: 119: 116: 115: 107: 106: 101: 98: 97: 71: 64: 63: 62: 49:Workers' Party 47: 40: 39: 38: 34: 33: 32: 31: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7017: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6977: 6972: 6966: 6963: 6962: 6960: 6954: 6948: 6945: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6921: 6917: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6900:Chief Justice 6898: 6896: 6893: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6880: 6879: 6878:Supreme Court 6876: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6870:The Judiciary 6867: 6861: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6849: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6807: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6787: 6785: 6781: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6743: 6737: 6736:Right to vote 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6689: 6685: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6655: 6653: 6649: 6645: 6644: 6638: 6634: 6627: 6622: 6620: 6615: 6613: 6608: 6607: 6604: 6594:‡ uncontested 6591: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6575: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6415: 6413: 6409: 6403: 6400: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6386: 6383: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6363: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6173: 6171: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6156: 6147: 6142: 6140: 6135: 6133: 6128: 6127: 6124: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6109: 6105: 6095: 6091: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6070: 6065: 6061: 6055: 6051: 6048:, Singapore: 6047: 6042: 6038: 6032: 6028: 6023: 6019: 6013: 6010:, Singapore, 6009: 6004: 6000: 5994: 5990: 5986: 5981: 5977: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5949: 5945: 5942:, Singapore: 5941: 5936: 5932: 5926: 5922: 5917: 5913: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5894: 5890: 5886: 5882: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5865: 5860: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5843: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5820: 5815: 5811: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5787: 5783: 5778: 5777: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5754: 5750: 5746: 5742: 5738: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5642: 5639:, Singapore: 5638: 5634: 5633:Turnbull, C M 5630: 5626: 5620: 5616: 5613:, Singapore: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5601: 5597: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5578: 5573: 5569: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5555: 5551: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5537: 5533: 5530: 5526: 5523: 5522: 5518: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5478: 5477: 5473: 5472: 5468: 5463: 5456: 5450: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5420: 5417: 5411: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5395:Halimah Yacob 5391: 5388: 5382: 5379: 5373: 5370: 5365:on 4 May 2014 5361: 5357: 5355: 5346: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5322: 5319: 5313: 5310: 5306: 5301: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5277: 5271: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5247: 5241: 5237: 5234:, Singapore: 5233: 5229: 5223: 5220: 5214: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5202:Lee Siew Choh 5199: 5193: 5190: 5184: 5181: 5175: 5172: 5166: 5163: 5158: 5152: 5148: 5145:, Singapore: 5144: 5140: 5134: 5131: 5118: 5112: 5109: 5104: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5061: 5055: 5052: 5046: 5043: 5037: 5034: 5028: 5025: 5021: 5015: 5012: 5006: 5003: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4982: 4976: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4958: 4955: 4949: 4946: 4940: 4937: 4931: 4928: 4922: 4919: 4913: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4895: 4892: 4886: 4883: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4845: 4838: 4835: 4829: 4826: 4819: 4816: 4800: 4796: 4789: 4783: 4780: 4767: 4764:. July 2020. 4763: 4759: 4753: 4750: 4744: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4726: 4723: 4717: 4714: 4708: 4705: 4699: 4696: 4690: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4674: 4662: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4633: 4626: 4619: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4605: 4600: 4597: 4584: 4578: 4575: 4563: 4557: 4554: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4523: 4520: 4514: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4496: 4493: 4487: 4484: 4478: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4459: 4456: 4450: 4447: 4441: 4438: 4432: 4429: 4423: 4420: 4415: 4402: 4398: 4397: 4389: 4382: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4363: 4360: 4344: 4337: 4336: 4328: 4325: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4303: 4296: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4276: 4273: 4267: 4264: 4258: 4255: 4249: 4246: 4240: 4237: 4231: 4228: 4222: 4219: 4213: 4210: 4198:. 1 July 2020 4197: 4196: 4191: 4185: 4182: 4178: 4171: 4168: 4162: 4159: 4153: 4150: 4144: 4141: 4135: 4132: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4109: 4106: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4083: 4080: 4076: 4071: 4067: 4061: 4058: 4052: 4049: 4043: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4022: 4019: 4013: 4010: 4004: 4001: 3995: 3992: 3986: 3983: 3978: 3966: 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3152: 3145: 3142: 3136: 3133: 3127: 3124: 3118: 3115: 3109: 3106: 3100: 3097: 3091: 3088: 3082: 3079: 3073: 3070: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3051: 3048: 3041: 3038: 3031: 3028: 3025:PEA, s. 6(1). 3022: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3005: 3002: 2999:PEA, s. 5(1). 2996: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2976: 2970: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2945: 2939: 2936: 2929: 2926: 2920: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2896: 2892: 2885: 2882: 2876: 2873: 2868: 2861: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2833: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2780: 2777: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2717: 2714: 2708: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2681: 2678: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2610: 2607: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2535: 2527: 2521: 2510: 2507: 2497: 2494: 2484: 2481: 2471: 2468: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2303:Peoples Voice 2301: 2299: 2298: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2193: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2137: 2136:1991 election 2133: 2132:1988 election 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2082:(PAP) led by 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2039: 2037: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2004: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1991:serial number 1987: 1981: 1978: 1974: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1953: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1929: 1925: 1924:Chief Justice 1921: 1916: 1912: 1910: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1872:error margins 1866: 1859:Sample counts 1858: 1856: 1852: 1849: 1845: 1837: 1832: 1828: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1783: 1779: 1778:postal voting 1775: 1771: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1736:San Francisco 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1689: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1638: 1634: 1633:ballot papers 1629: 1622: 1617: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1584: 1579: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1517: 1515: 1508: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1494:2020 election 1490: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1466: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1450:Clementi Road 1447: 1443: 1440: 1435: 1431: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1357: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1339: 1335: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1300:digital audio 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1264: 1262: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1251: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1226: 1224: 1218: 1216: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1117: 1112: 1110: 1108: 1104: 1103:ballot papers 1099: 1093: 1090: 1083: 1079: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1035: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1014:Bukit Panjang 1011: 1006: 999: 997: 993: 986: 984: 977: 975: 971: 969: 965: 961: 953: 948: 946: 939: 935: 932: 931: 930: 923: 920: 916: 913: 909: 906: 902: 897: 894: 890: 887: 884: 880: 879: 877: 876: 875: 872: 870: 861: 859: 851: 848: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 826: 822: 819: 815: 812: 808: 805: 804: 803: 797: 794: 790: 786: 781: 778: 775: 772: 769: 765: 764: 763: 757: 755: 753: 748: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 725: 720: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 695: 692: 687: 683: 681: 677: 673: 669: 666:(NCMPs), and 665: 661: 657: 651: 643: 641: 638: 633: 629: 624: 622: 617: 611: 609: 605: 604:ballot papers 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 572: 570: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 483:, as per the 482: 478: 467: 462: 460: 455: 453: 448: 447: 445: 444: 438: 435: 434: 432: 422: 421: 414: 411: 409: 406: 405: 402: 397: 396: 389: 386: 384: 383: 379: 378: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 352: 351: 347: 346: 342: 339: 338:Chief Justice 336: 335: 332: 331: 327: 326: 323: 318: 317: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 296: 291: 287: 286:Lawrence Wong 284: 283: 280: 279: 275: 274: 270: 266: 263: 262: 259: 258: 254: 253: 250: 245: 244: 237: 234: 233: 229: 226: 225: 224: 222: 214: 210: 207: 204: 203: 199: 195: 192: 189: 188: 184: 180: 177: 174: 173: 170: 169: 165: 164: 161: 156: 155: 148: 145: 143: 140: 139: 136: 135: 131: 130: 127: 122: 121: 118: 117: 113: 109: 108: 104: 99: 95: 91: 90: 82: 78: 74: 68: 58: 54: 50: 44: 30: 19: 6895:State Courts 6820:By-elections 6814: 6810:Presidential 6774:The Reserves 6641: 6278:By-elections 6266: 6167: 6094:the original 6075: 6045: 6026: 6007: 5984: 5965: 5939: 5920: 5897: 5880: 5863: 5846: 5834:, retrieved 5818: 5799: 5781: 5764: 5740: 5736: 5711: 5707: 5700:Gomez, James 5678:(1): 24–44, 5675: 5671: 5636: 5610: 5599: 5589:the original 5565:the original 5547:the original 5511: 5497: 5491: 5488:the original 5474: 5454: 5449: 5442:the original 5437: 5424: 5419: 5410: 5402: 5390: 5381: 5372: 5360:the original 5351: 5338: 5321: 5312: 5304: 5300: 5292: 5288: 5274: 5270: 5262: 5231: 5222: 5213: 5192: 5183: 5174: 5165: 5142: 5139:C M Turnbull 5133: 5121:. Retrieved 5111: 5102: 5093: 5084: 5075: 5063:. Retrieved 5054: 5045: 5036: 5027: 5019: 5014: 5005: 4984: 4975: 4966: 4961:PEA, s. 101. 4957: 4948: 4939: 4930: 4921: 4912: 4903: 4894: 4885: 4873:. Retrieved 4860: 4848:. Retrieved 4837: 4828: 4818: 4806:. Retrieved 4794: 4782: 4770:. Retrieved 4761: 4752: 4743: 4734: 4725: 4716: 4707: 4698: 4689: 4682:counterfoils 4676: 4664:. Retrieved 4660: 4651: 4639:. Retrieved 4618: 4599: 4587:. Retrieved 4577: 4565:. Retrieved 4556: 4544:. Retrieved 4540: 4531: 4522: 4513: 4504: 4495: 4486: 4477: 4468: 4458: 4449: 4440: 4431: 4422: 4413: 4404:, retrieved 4395: 4387: 4381: 4372: 4362: 4350:, retrieved 4343:the original 4334: 4327: 4315:, retrieved 4311:the original 4301: 4285:the original 4275: 4266: 4257: 4248: 4239: 4230: 4221: 4212: 4200:. Retrieved 4193: 4184: 4170: 4161: 4152: 4143: 4134: 4125: 4118:the original 4108: 4100:the original 4092:the original 4082: 4074: 4069: 4065: 4060: 4051: 4042: 4035:the original 4026: 4021: 4016:FA, s. 2(3). 4012: 4003: 3998:FA, s. 2(2). 3994: 3989:FA, s. 2(1). 3985: 3973:|last1= 3953:. Retrieved 3949: 3939: 3932:the original 3922: 3913: 3904: 3879: 3870: 3861: 3837:the original 3828: 3824: 3815: 3806:the original 3799: 3785:the original 3772: 3766: 3757: 3748: 3727: 3718: 3709: 3700: 3691: 3682: 3673: 3664: 3655: 3646: 3637: 3627: 3618: 3609: 3599: 3594: 3585: 3576: 3567: 3558: 3549: 3540: 3531: 3522: 3517:PEA, s. 32A. 3513: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3477: 3468: 3459: 3450: 3441: 3415:. Retrieved 3406: 3400: 3391: 3382: 3370:. Retrieved 3363:the original 3350: 3341: 3329:. Retrieved 3324: 3315: 3303:. Retrieved 3290: 3278:. 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