72:
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256:, Maranhão. The reef is named for the fisherman Manuel Luís, who discovered the rock formation in the late nineteenth century. The corals grow on a granite reef and cover an area of 1,800 hectares (4,400 acres). The park has an area of 45,937 hectares (113,510 acres), 45 miles (72 km) from Maiau Island and 50 miles (80 km) from Lençóis Island.
271:
The Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park was created by decree 11.902 of 11 June 1991 with the purpose of protecting the largest coral reef of South
America from the environmental impacts of hydrocarbon pollution and over fishing. The state park was to protect the marine fauna and flora and
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The Parcel de Manuel Luís is in an area of strong currents and variable tides, and for many years was poorly charted. At low tide depths may be no more than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in). There are over 200 shipwrecks, second only to the
272:
natural scenic beauty, under the administration of SEMATUR. It was to be used for scientific, educational and recreational uses that would avoid changes or environmental impact. The state park became a
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to Maranhão are rapidly degrading due to destructive use. The state park was considered one of the seven highest priorities for conservation of the reefs.
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The reef is an area of great biodiversity, holding all the coral reef species found on the northeast coast. Coral species include
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The coral reefs along 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) of the northeast coast of Brazil from the south of
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The Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park is in the
Atlantic ocean offshore from the municipality of
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506:"Parque Estadual Marinho do Parcel Manoel Luís including the Baixios do Mestre Álvaro and Tarol"
510:
190:
Parque
Estadual Marinho do Parcel Manoel Luís including the Baixios do Mestre Álvaro and Tarol
179:
60:
Passenger steamship
Uberaba. In 1921 she ran aground and was wrecked on the Manoel Luis reef.
369:
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55:
458:, as its name implies, was carrying a cargo of copper. This was recovered by looters. The
746:(in Portuguese), Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais do Maranhão
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of the south
Atlantic. The reefs contain the wrecks of many ships.
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706:(in Portuguese), MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, archived from
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Edison Lobão; Fernando César de
Moreira Mesquita (11 June 1991),
482:, captured by the Brazilian Navy during World War I. The tanker
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621:
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was an
English liner that was carrying 200 passengers from
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Edison Lobão & Fernando César de
Moreira Mesquita 1991
240:, Brazil. It protects the Manuel Luis Reefs, an important
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Secretaria de Estado de Meio
Ambiente e Recursos Naturais
339:. The corals are home to multi-coloured fish such as
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Parcel de Manuel Luís, sítio Ramsar e parque marinho
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740:Parque Estadual Marinho do Parcel de Manoel Luís
359:. Coral bleaching has been reported since 1999.
230:Parque Estadual Marinho do Parcel de Manuel Luís
35:Parque Estadual Marinho do Parcel de Manuel Luís
474:(1914–18). All the passengers were saved. The
470:, and was sunk in 1914 by a German ship during
726:(in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental
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18:Parque Estadual Marinho do Parcel Manoel Luís
8:
737:Shirley Amélia da Silva Leão (24 May 2010),
486:, the last to sink, is the best preserved.
583:PES Marinho do Parcel de Manuel Luís – ISA
533:PES Marinho do Parcel de Manuel Luís – ISA
26:
665:Decreto nº 11.902 de 11 de Junho de 1991
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478:was originally the German naval vessel
222:Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park
30:Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park
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7:
723:PES Marinho do Parcel de Manuel Luís
798:Protected areas established in 1991
700:Marcelo Carota (23 January 2015),
671:(in Portuguese), State of Maranhão
25:
634:Shirley Amélia da Silva Leão 2010
622:Shirley Amélia da Silva Leão 2010
607:Shirley Amélia da Silva Leão 2010
566:Shirley Amélia da Silva Leão 2010
351:, and to larger species such as
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143:45,937 hectares (113,510 acres)
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385:Nossa Senhora das Necessidades
372:. Wrecks on the reef include:
1:
788:1991 establishments in Brazil
646:Maranhão – naufragiosdobrasil
783:Protected areas of Maranhão
814:
513:Sites Information Service
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39:
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401:1820 Portuguese frigate
778:Ramsar sites in Brazil
299:Meandrina braziliensis
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793:Coral reefs of Brazil
773:State parks of Brazil
535:, Informações gerais.
307:Montastraea cavernosa
124:0.913302°S 44.31953°W
336:Millepora alcicornis
330:Siderastrea stellata
129:-0.913302; -44.31953
554:Marcelo Carota 2015
312:Mussismilia hispida
287:Agaricia agaricites
120: /
687:naufragiosdobrasil
585:, Características.
318:Porites astreoides
276:in February 2000.
203:Reference no.
293:Agaricia fragilis
218:
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92:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
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768:IUCN Category II
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370:Bermuda Triangle
304:Great star coral
236:in the state of
198:28 February 2000
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324:Scolymia wellsi
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710:on 23 May 2015
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345:sergeant major
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180:Ramsar Wetland
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187:Official name
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166:Administrator
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46:national park
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42:IUCN category
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28:
19:
748:, retrieved
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728:, retrieved
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712:, retrieved
708:the original
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691:, retrieved
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673:, retrieved
664:
641:
636:, p. 9.
629:
624:, p. 6.
609:, p. 4.
602:
590:
568:, p. 3.
561:
528:
516:. Retrieved
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484:Ana Cristina
483:
479:
475:
464:Buenos Aires
459:
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448:Ana Cristina
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161:11 June 1991
472:World War I
442:Ilha Grande
357:sea turtles
280:Environment
274:Ramsar Site
148:Designation
127: /
103:Coordinates
762:Categories
750:2016-08-03
730:2016-08-03
714:2016-08-03
693:2016-08-03
683:"Maranhão"
675:2016-08-03
466:bound for
430:West Point
363:Shipwrecks
341:parrotfish
242:coral reef
234:state park
226:Portuguese
195:Designated
152:State park
115:44°19′10″W
98:, Maranhão
112:0°54′48″S
518:25 April
468:New York
379:São José
353:groupers
254:Cururupu
248:Location
238:Maranhão
96:Cururupu
655:Sources
476:Uberaba
460:Vandyck
436:Altamar
424:Uberaba
412:Salinas
260:History
232:) is a
158:Created
511:Ramsar
744:(PDF)
669:(PDF)
490:Notes
446:1984
440:1962
434:1960
428:1946
422:1921
418:Cyril
416:1905
410:1904
404:1900
397:Venus
395:1814
389:1805
383:1770
377:1763
266:Bahia
520:2018
454:The
355:and
347:and
333:and
220:The
206:1021
140:Area
44:II (
764::
685:,
614:^
573:^
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508:.
497:^
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228::
648:.
597:.
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224:(
48:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
