2215:
1076:
268:
1014:
957:
898:
1907:
1866:
1755:
1647:
1611:
1575:
1508:
1472:
1375:
1341:
1307:
1273:
1239:
1205:
1171:
38:
2214:
530:
on a moving train and blocked traffic when they were blocked from entering
Chennai. A bill to create the 10.5% internal reservation to Vanniyars was passed on February 26, 2021, by the AIADMK government. The move was taken ahead of the April 6 assembly elections to appease the PMK, which had
472:
Ramadoss and his son, Anbumani
Ramdoss, were arrested by the Jayalalitha government for their inflammatory speeches, the PMK cadres indulged in violence in April 2013 causing property damages estimated worth â‚ą600 crores. Jayalalitha likened the party to a
457:, the PMK joined the United Progressive Alliance led by the INC. In June 2008, during the final months of the bitter relationship between the DMK and the PMK, the ruling DMK in Tamil Nadu severed its ties with the PMK, who were outside supporters of the
538:
and won five seats by securing 4.04%. In the assembly, PMK voted in favour of anti-CAA and anti-farm-law resolutions, but AIADMK and BJP walked out over the matter. PMK left the AIADMK-led alliance for the 2021 local body polls.
525:
In
November 2020, Ramadoss called for a protest demanding 20% internal reservation for Vanniyars in the MBC category in education and jobs from December 1. During the pro-reservation protests, more than 500 PMK cadres
1075:
2809:
2831:
391:(MBC) status for Vanniyars. At the peak of the protests, the state was paralysed for a week when thousands of trees were felled, highways blocked and damaged and more than 1,400 houses of the
3277:
2476:
442:. The party was able to obtain a significant share of power both in the regional government in Tamil Nadu and the Central Government due to the number of seats it obtained which helped the
522:
where Dalit women were sexually abused and Dalit houses were attacked and damaged. An NGO Evidence also blamed PMK in the violence because the Dalit colony voted overwhelmingly for VCK.
2887:
3397:
3810:
3148:
481:
on moving vehicles and caused damages to 850 vehicles including public buses and threatened to ban the party. Ramadoss and his son were released after 12 days in prison.
2305:
2994:
2459:
2940:
2585:
3946:
3322:
1738:
547:
The PMK defied Tamil Nadu's
Dravidian political culture by explicitly appealing to its caste identification when asking for support. The party has been linked to
531:
threatened to quit the coalition if their demand was not satisfied. In July 2021, the DMK government issued an order to implement 10.5% quota Bill for
Vanniyars.
461:
Government. However, the DMK did not press for the party's removal from the UPA Government at the centre. On 26 March 2009, PMK declared that, it would join the
2401:
1358:
1324:
1290:
1256:
1222:
1188:
1154:
535:
3705:
3605:
383:
in 1980, bringing together a coalition of
Vanniyar caste organisations. The Vanniyar Sangam is PMK's parent organisation. The Vanniyar Sangham organised the
2968:
3845:
3560:
2720:
3071:
2801:
2552:
3951:
2694:
1666:
1630:
1594:
1558:
1527:
1491:
1455:
1442:
1424:
508:
2839:
2746:
3104:
2913:
3941:
3815:
3665:
3412:
3402:
3217:
1381:
462:
2502:
515:
3312:
3297:
3750:
3227:
3141:
877:
3700:
3507:
3497:
3442:
3317:
1050:
993:
753:
3020:
3805:
1913:
1581:
493:
208:
173:
2426:
3956:
3487:
913:
501:
416:
384:
3875:
3820:
3535:
3196:
3186:
3157:
2285:
972:
730:
435:
301:
163:
3865:
3242:
3134:
2772:
1773:
3835:
3492:
3880:
3840:
3830:
3282:
1091:
447:
3755:
3670:
3362:
1872:
1761:
1545:
423:
247:
3936:
3850:
3675:
3540:
3502:
3372:
787:
3407:
551:
and protests that have resulted in violence. Between 2012 and 2013, the party ran a campaign against intercaste marriages.
3895:
3725:
3570:
3550:
3422:
1890:
1849:
1813:
1102:
1055:
3660:
3237:
1831:
1684:
1653:
1617:
1514:
1478:
1097:
936:
485:
454:
347:
157:
129:
2616:"Political parties and federally structured incentives in Indian politics: the case of the Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK)"
3760:
3610:
3347:
466:
443:
199:
3545:
3517:
3432:
3392:
3367:
3307:
3267:
439:
3775:
3685:
3650:
3620:
3580:
3437:
3427:
3287:
396:
191:
3046:
3870:
3720:
3472:
3272:
3191:
759:
519:
431:
427:
182:
267:
3910:
3905:
3715:
3590:
3512:
3467:
3302:
3232:
999:
942:
883:
847:
811:
3108:
559:
The leaders of
Pattali Makkal Katchi, who are also the national executives of the party, are listed below:
3915:
3900:
3885:
3860:
3800:
3655:
3640:
3625:
3585:
3387:
3352:
3257:
3222:
3181:
527:
489:
3780:
3735:
3635:
3600:
3565:
2260:
2231:
1013:
2534:"Recalling Democracy: Electoral Politics, Minority Representation, and Dalit Assertion in Modern India"
2510:
3795:
3680:
3417:
3342:
3332:
765:
404:
388:
2941:"Ground report: Will giving Vanniyar community 10.5% reservations help AIADMK win north Tamil Nadu?"
361:
and threatened to ban it for its frequent involvement in violence and vandalism of public property.
353:
The PMK is noted for its involvement in riots and vandalism. A former Chief
Minister of Tamil Nadu,
3745:
3710:
3575:
3555:
3452:
3382:
3377:
3357:
3337:
3247:
3176:
186:
138:
114:
3630:
3595:
3477:
3252:
2643:
2382:
2347:
306:
145:
2888:"Pro-reservation protest: PMK supporters create ruckus in Chennai after being stopped by police"
2402:"In Tamil Nadu, discontent within PMK does not augur well for prospects of BJP-AIADMK alliance"
2306:"Withdrawal of recognition of status of state party in Puducherry of the Pattali Makkal Katchi"
3890:
3855:
3785:
3482:
3292:
3079:
2862:
2669:
2635:
2560:
2434:
2374:
2339:
2221:
2150:
1020:
608:
497:
296:
134:
60:
3730:
2627:
1966:
841:
721:
3695:
3690:
3615:
3462:
3447:
3327:
3262:
3171:
3047:"Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) – Party History, Symbol, Founders, Election Results and News"
2661:
780:
2533:
956:
897:
2063:
2000:
1062:
400:
504:, he was one of two non-AIADMK MPs from Tamil Nadu the other being from its ally BJP.
3930:
3645:
2647:
963:
904:
548:
2914:"Video: PMK members pelt stones on train during protest for sub-quota for Vanniyars"
3825:
3765:
2092:
2018:
478:
45:
2631:
2615:
2251:
1921:
1880:
1839:
582:
458:
374:
354:
339:
232:
82:
67:
50:
395:
community were burned down. The police shot 21 protestors. Later, in 1989, the
3790:
3212:
2245:
1029:
595:
518:(MIDS) and an reported that the PMK and the Hindu Munnani was involved in the
335:
150:
122:
110:
72:
3126:
3083:
2673:
2639:
2564:
2438:
2378:
2343:
3740:
3457:
474:
358:
217:
2995:"Cracks in AIADMK alliance; PMK to contest alone in rural local body polls"
2050:
1988:
343:
195:
2386:
2351:
2327:
1082:
118:
3021:"PMK exits AIADMK-led alliance for local body polls, to contest alone"
2747:"PMK founder S Ramadoss released from prison, slams Jayalalithaa govt"
2721:"Jayalalithaa threatens to ban Ramadoss' PMK over Marakkanam violence"
2460:"Jayalalithaa threatens to ban Ramadoss' PMK over Marakkanam violence"
2477:"40-yr-old reservation demand conceded in TN: Is it working for PMK?"
204:
178:
37:
2802:"Low vote share spoils PMK's celebratory mood over win in 5 seats"
2365:
Thirunavukkarasu, R. (2001). "Election 2001: Changing
Equations".
392:
426:, a broad Tamil political coalition which also included the DMK,
3130:
350:(NDA). It contests the elections with the "Ripe Mango" symbol.
2863:"Dalits in Tamil Nadu village attacked for voting in election"
2969:"TN issues order to implement 10.5% quota Bill for Vanniyars"
511:
and contested 7 seats but the party failed to win any seats.
415:
Ramadoss founded the PMK on 16 July 1989, emerging from the
3072:"Election observer must manage Arasu Cable till polls: PMK"
346:
caste in northern Tamil Nadu. It is a part of the BJP-led
283:
403:
granted MBC status to the
Vanniyars, with the associated
2586:"Will PMK's investment in caste-politics yield results?"
534:
PMK contested in 23 seats in the AIADMK alliance in the
3278:
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
3105:"General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India"
2832:"Fact-finding team blames PMK for Ponparappi violence"
507:
PMK continued its alliance with AIADMK and BJP in the
2553:"Vanniyar Sangam revives demand for exclusive quota"
3811:
Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)
3526:
3205:
3164:
276:
260:
245:
230:
215:
169:
156:
144:
128:
106:
88:
78:
66:
56:
44:
26:
2773:"DMDK to sign poll deal with BJP - Times of India"
2695:"Jaya threatens to ban PMK for inciting violence"
463:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)
3891:Tipraha Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance
3398:Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar
2614:Manikandan, C.; Wyatt, Andrew (2 January 2019).
1739:2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election
3142:
536:2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
8:
3706:Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement
3606:Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)
2427:"PMK allotted 'mango' symbol for 2016 polls"
994:MoS in Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
422:Ahead of the 2004 elections, PMK joined the
3846:Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
3561:Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
3323:Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party
2471:
2469:
3149:
3135:
3127:
2167:
1939:
561:
509:2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
23:
1707:Puducherry Legislative Assembly election
516:Madras Institute of Developmental Studies
3816:Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)
3403:Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party
3218:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
2861:Rajasekaran, Ilangovan (20 April 2019).
1777:
1705:
1391:
1121:
667:
2297:
477:” organization and claimed they hurled
3751:Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
3463:Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)
3228:All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen
2939:Yamunan, Sruthisagar (17 March 2021).
2328:"Vanniyar Separatism: Nebulous Issues"
878:Ministry of Food Processing Industries
3947:Political parties established in 1989
3701:Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party
3666:Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference
3508:Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party
3318:Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
2963:
2961:
2796:
2794:
2609:
2607:
2538:Dissertations Available from ProQuest
2532:Collins, Michael A (1 January 2017).
1051:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
754:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
675:
417:Vanniyar reservation protests of 1987
7:
3806:Republican Party of India (Athawale)
3711:Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)
3313:Indigenous People's Front of Tripura
3298:Hill State People's Democratic Party
176:(1998-2004, 2014-2016, 2019-present)
385:1987 Vanniyar reservation agitation
321:
3876:Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam
3821:Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)
3536:Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi
3187:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
2286:List of political parties in India
436:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
14:
3952:1989 establishments in Tamil Nadu
3866:Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)
3243:All India United Democratic Front
1774:Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency
502:Dharmapuri Lok Sabha constituency
467:United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
3881:Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi
3841:Social Democratic Party of India
3831:Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)
3283:Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
2213:
1906:
1905:
1865:
1864:
1754:
1753:
1646:
1645:
1610:
1609:
1574:
1573:
1507:
1506:
1471:
1470:
1374:
1373:
1340:
1339:
1306:
1305:
1272:
1271:
1238:
1237:
1204:
1203:
1170:
1169:
1123:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
1074:
1012:
955:
896:
543:Ideology and political positions
266:
36:
3942:Political parties in Tamil Nadu
3756:Marxist Co-ordination Committee
3671:Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party
3363:Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)
3348:Janta Congress Chhattisgarh (J)
2812:from the original on 7 May 2021
1101:
1071:
1054:
1009:
952:
893:
857:
821:
774:
715:
424:Democratic Progressive Alliance
334:) is a vanniyar caste party in
248:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
3851:Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party
3836:Sikkim National People's Party
3676:Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)
3541:All India Rajakulathor Peravai
3503:Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi
3493:United People's Party, Liberal
3373:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party
2400:Senthalir, S. (2 March 2019).
671:
1:
3896:United Goans Democratic Party
3726:Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi
3571:Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)
3551:Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam
3443:Revolutionary Socialist Party
3423:Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party
2838:. 10 May 2019. Archived from
2632:10.1080/09584935.2019.1572070
2367:Economic and Political Weekly
2332:Economic and Political Weekly
646:President of Vanniyar Sangam
407:in education and employment.
325: Working People's Party
3661:Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party
3238:All India Trinamool Congress
2509:. 1 May 2013. Archived from
2273:5 years, 258 days
348:National Democratic Alliance
3761:National Secular Conference
3611:Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi
3408:People's Party of Arunachal
2551:Kolappan, B. (7 May 2012).
2164:List of Rajya Sabha Members
1098:MoS in Ministry of Railways
1046:4 years, 310 days
937:MoS in Ministry of Railways
933:1 year, 198 days
444:United Progressive Alliance
3973:
3957:Political parties in India
3546:Ambedkarite Party of India
3433:Rashtriya Loktantrik Party
3393:Nationalist Congress Party
3368:Maharashtra Navnirman Sena
3308:Indian Union Muslim League
3158:Political parties in India
2503:"Senior Ramadoss arrested"
2326:Radhakrishnan, P. (2002).
1771:
989:1 year, 117 days
873:1 year, 198 days
749:1 year, 147 days
600:Honorary President of PMK
450:) to form the Government.
440:Indian Union Muslim League
3776:Puratchi Bharatham Katchi
3686:Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)
3651:Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi
3621:Gondwana Ganatantra Party
3581:Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh
3498:Voice of the People Party
3438:Revolutionary Goans Party
3428:Rashtriya Lok Samta Party
3413:People's Democratic Front
3288:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
2662:"DMK snaps ties with PMK"
2244:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2078:
2075:
2014:
2011:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1936:List of Lok Sabha Members
1061:
1044:
1039:
1034:
778:
764:
752:
696:
693:
690:
687:
678:
670:
624:General Secretary of PMK
397:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
357:, likened the party to a
292:
281:
265:
35:
3871:Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam
3721:Kerala Congress (Thomas)
3473:Sikkim Krantikari Morcha
3273:Communist Party of India
3192:Indian National Congress
2111:Re-elected for 2nd term
2100:Re-elected for 2nd term
2071:Re-elected for 2nd term
2058:Re-elected for 2nd term
520:2019 Ponparappi violence
455:2004 Lok Sabha elections
432:Communist Party of India
428:Indian National Congress
405:reservation entitlements
399:(DMK) government led by
202:) (2004-2009, 2011-2014)
16:Political party in India
3911:Vikassheel Insaan Party
3906:Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi
3716:Kerala Congress (Jacob)
3591:Communist Marxist Party
3518:Zoram People's Movement
3513:Zoram Nationalist Party
3488:United Democratic Party
3468:Sikkim Democratic Front
3303:Indian National Lok Dal
3268:Bodoland People's Front
3233:All India N.R. Congress
3197:National People's Party
2620:Contemporary South Asia
664:List of Union Ministers
486:2014 Lok Sabha election
465:led front and left the
146:Political position
3916:Welfare Party of India
3901:Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
3886:Telangana Jana Samithi
3861:Swatantra Bharat Paksh
3801:Rashtriya Samaj Paksha
3656:Indian National League
3641:Hindustani Awam Morcha
3626:Gorkha Janmukti Morcha
3586:Bharatiya Tribal Party
3353:Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
3258:Bharat Rashtra Samithi
3223:All India Forward Bloc
3182:Bharatiya Janata Party
2590:The New Indian Express
587:Founder-Leader of PMK
359:terrorist organisation
21:Indian political party
3937:Pattali Makkal Katchi
3781:Puthiya Needhi Katchi
3771:Pattali Makkal Katchi
3736:Loktantrik Janata Dal
3636:Hindustan Janta Party
3601:Democratic Azad Party
2261:Member of Rajya Sabha
2232:Member of Rajya Sabha
1772:Further information:
484:PMK contested in the
318:Pattali Makkal Katchi
29:Pattali Makkal Katchi
3796:Rashtriya Lok Morcha
3681:Jannayak Janta Party
3418:Rashtriya Janata Dal
3343:Jannayak Janta Party
3333:Janata Dal (Secular)
766:Atal Bihari Vajpayee
657:Spokesperson of PMK
488:in an alliance with
338:, India, founded by
3746:Makkal Needhi Maiam
3576:Bahujan Mukti Party
3556:Gana Suraksha Party
3453:Shiromani Akali Dal
3388:Naga People's Front
3383:Naam Tamilar Katchi
3378:Mizo National Front
3358:Kerala Congress (M)
3338:Janata Dal (United)
3248:Apna Dal (Soneylal)
3177:Bahujan Samaj Party
3027:. 15 September 2021
3001:. 15 September 2021
2842:on 22 November 2021
1780:
1779:Lok Sabha election
1708:
1394:
1393:Lok Sabha election
1124:
1028:Rajya Sabha MP for
564:
563:National Executive
389:Most Backward Caste
246:Seats in
231:Seats in
216:Seats in
139:Right-wing populism
115:Villupuram District
94: (35 years ago)
3631:Hamro Sikkim Party
3596:Congress (Secular)
3478:Telugu Desam Party
3253:Asom Gana Parishad
2892:The Indian Express
2779:. 26 February 2014
2777:The Times of India
2751:The Indian Express
2725:The Indian Express
2592:. 28 February 2019
1778:
1706:
1392:
1122:
562:
496:and its candidate
411:PMK (1989–present)
164:Unrecognised Party
3924:
3923:
3856:Swabhimani Paksha
3786:Puthiya Tamilagam
3483:Tipra Motha Party
3293:Goa Forward Party
3078:. 20 March 2016.
2920:. 1 December 2020
2894:. 1 December 2020
2433:. 25 March 2016.
2373:(27): 2486–2489.
2338:(32): 3315–3316.
2277:
2276:
2255:
2228:
2222:Anbumani Ramadoss
2161:
2160:
2151:Anbumani Ramadoss
1927:
1926:
1770:
1769:
1693:
1692:
1390:
1389:
1110:
1109:
1021:Anbumani Ramadoss
661:
660:
654:Advocate K. Balu
643:Pu.Tha.Arulmozhi
635:Treasurer of PMK
613:President of PMK
609:Anbumani Ramadoss
498:Anbumani Ramadoss
315:
314:
302:Political parties
297:Politics of India
135:Tamil nationalism
92:16 July 1989
61:Anbumani Ramadoss
3964:
3731:Lok Insaaf Party
3165:National parties
3151:
3144:
3137:
3128:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3107:. Archived from
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3051:www.elections.in
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2965:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2798:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2668:. 18 June 2008.
2658:
2652:
2651:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2302:
2249:
2226:
2217:
2194:
2181:
2168:
2079:}14th Lok Sabha
1967:Dalit Ezhilmalai
1940:
1909:
1908:
1901:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1824:
1796:Change of Seats
1781:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1724:Change of Seats
1709:
1677:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1538:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1435:
1410:Change of Seats
1395:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1140:Change of Seats
1125:
1113:Election history
1094:
1078:
1032:
1016:
975:
959:
928:
921:
916:
900:
842:Ministry of Coal
790:
733:
722:Dalit Ezhilmalai
685:
673:
668:
621:Vadivel Ravanan
565:
382:
381:
342:in 1989 for the
330:
326:
323:
288:
285:
270:
255:
240:
233:Rajya Sabha
225:
102:
100:
95:
40:
24:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3696:Jharkhand Party
3691:Jebamani Janata
3616:Goa Vikas Party
3528:
3522:
3448:Samajwadi Party
3328:Jana Sena Party
3263:Biju Janata Dal
3201:
3172:Aam Aadmi Party
3160:
3155:
3125:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3030:
3028:
3025:The News Minute
3019:
3018:
3014:
3004:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2978:
2976:
2973:Hindustan Times
2967:
2966:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2923:
2921:
2918:The News Minute
2912:
2911:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2871:
2869:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2845:
2843:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2730:
2728:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2699:Hindustan Times
2693:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2569:
2567:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2514:
2513:on 12 June 2018
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2481:Hindustan Times
2475:
2474:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2443:
2441:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2294:
2282:
2248:
2225:
2205:Time in office
2199:Assumed office
2192:
2191:
2187:Term in office
2179:
2178:
2166:
2147:16th Lok Sabha
2082:Rangasamy Velu
2015:13th Lok Sabha
1963:12th Lok Sabha
1938:
1902:
1899:
1861:
1858:
1825:
1822:
1776:
1750:
1747:
1704:
1678:
1675:
1642:
1639:
1606:
1603:
1570:
1567:
1539:
1536:
1503:
1500:
1467:
1464:
1436:
1433:
1370:
1367:
1336:
1333:
1302:
1299:
1268:
1265:
1234:
1231:
1200:
1197:
1166:
1163:
1120:
1115:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1041:
1036:
1027:
1025:
1024:
984:
979:
970:
968:
967:
929:
926:
922:
919:
911:
909:
908:
868:
863:
832:
827:
801:
796:
791:
785:
784:
781:N. T. Shanmugam
744:
739:
734:
728:
726:
725:
697:Prime Minister
688:Term of office
683:
681:
680:
666:
574:Party Position
557:
545:
413:
380:Vanniyar Sangam
379:
378:
372:
370:Vanniyar Sangam
367:
328:
324:
311:
282:
271:
261:Election symbol
256:
253:
241:
238:
226:
223:
203:
190:
177:
137:
98:
96:
93:
31:
30:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3970:
3968:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3929:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3122:
3111:on 26 May 2019
3096:
3063:
3038:
3012:
2986:
2975:. 27 July 2021
2957:
2931:
2905:
2879:
2853:
2823:
2808:. 7 May 2021.
2790:
2764:
2738:
2712:
2686:
2653:
2603:
2577:
2543:
2524:
2494:
2483:. 5 April 2021
2465:
2462:. 14 May 2013.
2451:
2418:
2392:
2357:
2318:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2229:
2218:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2175:
2172:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:Senthil Raman
2113:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2064:N.T. Shanmugam
2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:P D Elangovan
2037:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:N.T. Shanmugam
1997:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:15th Lok Sabha
1888:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:14th Lok Sabha
1847:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:13th Lok Sabha
1811:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:Election Year
1768:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1751:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1712:Election Year
1703:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:18th Lok Sabha
1664:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:17th Lok Sabha
1628:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:16th Lok Sabha
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:15th Lok Sabha
1556:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:14th Lok Sabha
1525:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:13th Lok Sabha
1489:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:12th Lok Sabha
1453:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:11th Lok Sabha
1422:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:Election Year
1388:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1167:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:Election Year
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1095:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:Manmohan Singh
1060:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1017:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1003:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
960:
953:
951:
947:
946:
939:
934:
931:
924:
917:
901:
894:
892:
888:
887:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
858:
856:
852:
851:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
822:
820:
816:
815:
808:
803:
798:
793:
777:
775:
773:
769:
768:
763:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:
706:
703:
699:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
677:
674:
665:
662:
659:
658:
655:
652:
648:
647:
644:
641:
637:
636:
633:
630:
626:
625:
622:
619:
615:
614:
611:
606:
602:
601:
598:
593:
589:
588:
585:
580:
576:
575:
572:
569:
556:
553:
544:
541:
453:Following the
412:
409:
401:M. Karunanidhi
371:
368:
366:
363:
329:abbreviated as
313:
312:
310:
309:
304:
299:
293:
290:
289:
279:
278:
274:
273:
263:
262:
258:
257:
252:
250:
243:
242:
237:
235:
228:
227:
222:
220:
218:Lok Sabha
213:
212:
171:
167:
166:
161:
154:
153:
148:
142:
141:
132:
126:
125:
108:
104:
103:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
42:
41:
33:
32:
28:
27:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3969:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3646:Ikkjutt Jammu
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3206:State parties
3204:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3147:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3026:
3022:
3016:
3013:
3000:
2999:Deccan Herald
2996:
2990:
2987:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2932:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2868:
2864:
2857:
2854:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2824:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2753:. 11 May 2013
2752:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2727:. 13 May 2013
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2701:. 13 May 2013
2700:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2547:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2525:
2512:
2508:
2507:The Telegraph
2504:
2498:
2495:
2482:
2478:
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2235:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2180:(Birth–Death)
2169:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2105:E Ponnuswamy
2104:
2103:
2099:
2097:Chengalpattu
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2074:
2070:
2067:
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2062:
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2057:
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2045:
2042:
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2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2023:Chengalpattu
2022:
2020:
2017:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1978:K. Parymohan
1977:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1958:
1952:Constituency
1941:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
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1897:
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1827:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1790:Votes polled
1789:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1752:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1734:
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1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1718:Votes polled
1717:
1714:
1711:
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1680:
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1438:
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1428:
1426:
1423:
1420:
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1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1404:Votes polled
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1372:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:16th Assembly
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:15th Assembly
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:14th Assembly
1289:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1257:13th Assembly
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1236:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:12th Assembly
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1189:11th Assembly
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1168:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:10th Assembly
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:Votes polled
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1085:
1084:
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1077:
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1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
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992:
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987:
982:
977:
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966:
965:
964:E. Ponnuswamy
961:
958:
954:
949:
948:
945:
944:
940:
938:
935:
932:
925:
918:
915:
907:
906:
905:A. K. Moorthy
902:
899:
895:
890:
889:
886:
885:
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876:
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866:
861:
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840:
838:
837:256 days
835:
830:
825:
823:
818:
817:
814:
813:
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807:
806:227 days
804:
799:
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783:
782:
776:
771:
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750:
747:
742:
737:
732:
724:
723:
719:
717:
712:
711:
707:
704:
701:
700:
682:(Birth-Death)
669:
663:
656:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
628:
627:
623:
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590:
586:
584:
581:
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570:
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566:
560:
554:
552:
550:
549:direct action
542:
540:
537:
532:
529:
528:pelted stones
523:
521:
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510:
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251:
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236:
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219:
214:
211:) (2009-2011)
210:
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109:
105:
91:
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77:
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71:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
47:
43:
39:
34:
25:
19:
3826:Shiv Sangram
3770:
3766:NISHAD Party
3527:Unrecognized
3113:. Retrieved
3109:the original
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3075:
3066:
3054:. Retrieved
3050:
3041:
3031:22 September
3029:. Retrieved
3024:
3015:
3005:22 September
3003:. Retrieved
2998:
2989:
2979:22 September
2977:. Retrieved
2972:
2950:22 September
2948:. Retrieved
2944:
2934:
2924:22 September
2922:. Retrieved
2917:
2908:
2898:22 September
2896:. Retrieved
2891:
2882:
2872:22 September
2870:. Retrieved
2866:
2856:
2846:22 September
2844:. Retrieved
2840:the original
2835:
2826:
2816:22 September
2814:. Retrieved
2805:
2781:. Retrieved
2776:
2767:
2757:22 September
2755:. Retrieved
2750:
2741:
2731:22 September
2729:. Retrieved
2724:
2715:
2705:22 September
2703:. Retrieved
2698:
2689:
2677:. Retrieved
2665:
2656:
2623:
2619:
2594:. Retrieved
2589:
2580:
2568:. Retrieved
2556:
2546:
2537:
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2511:the original
2506:
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2480:
2454:
2442:. Retrieved
2430:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2405:
2395:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2300:
2268:
2220:
2202:Left office
2190:Constituency
2136:M. Ramadass
2126:K Dhanaraju
2108:Chidambaram
2093:A.K. Moorthy
2033:Chidambaram
2019:A.K. Moorthy
1971:Chidambaram
1931:
1929:
1928:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1103:
1081:
1056:
1045:
1019:
1000:Vajpayee III
998:
988:
962:
943:Vajpayee III
941:
914:Chengalpattu
903:
884:Vajpayee III
882:
872:
848:Vajpayee III
846:
836:
812:Vajpayee III
810:
805:
779:
758:
748:
720:
684:Constituency
632:Thilagabama
558:
546:
533:
524:
513:
506:
483:
479:petrol bombs
471:
452:
421:
414:
377:founded the
373:
352:
331:
317:
316:
272:(Ripe Mango)
107:Headquarters
18:
2540:: 137, 138.
2411:22 November
2252:Rajya Sabha
2155:Dharmapuri
2139:Puducherry
2129:Tindivanam
2119:Dharmapuri
2043:Dharmapuri
2030:Mathivanan
1981:Dharmapuri
1922:M. Ramadass
1881:M. Ramadass
1877:Government
1840:M. Ramadass
1766:Government
1689:Government
1658:Government
1622:Government
1550:Government
1519:Government
1483:Government
1088:(born 1940)
1026:(born 1968)
973:Chidambaram
969:(born 1936)
910:(born 1964)
792:(MoS, I/C)
760:Vajpayee II
735:(MoS, I/C)
731:Chidambaram
727:(1945–2020)
583:S. Ramadoss
459:Karunanidhi
375:S. Ramadoss
355:Jayalalitha
340:S. Ramadoss
284:pmkofficial
83:S. Ramadoss
51:S. Ramadoss
3931:Categories
3791:Raijor Dal
3213:AJSU Party
2292:References
2246:Tamil Nadu
2085:Arakkonam
2055:Vandavasi
1993:Vandavasi
1828:No Change
1805:Candidate
1702:Puducherry
1681:No Change
1671:18,79,689
1635:2,297,431
1599:1,804,812
1563:1,944,619
1542:No Change
1532:1,927,367
1496:2,236,821
1460:15,48,976
1439:No Change
1363:1,756,796
1329:2,300,775
1295:1,927,783
1261:1,863,749
1227:1,557,500
1193:1,042,333
1159:1,452,982
1118:Tamil Nadu
1104:Manmohan I
1057:Manmohan I
1030:Tamil Nadu
983:7 February
978:13 October
927:15 January
867:15 January
831:7 February
795:13 October
387:demanding
336:Tamil Nadu
151:Right-wing
123:Tamil Nadu
121:- 604001,
111:Tindivanam
99:1989-07-16
73:G. K. Mani
3741:Mahan Dal
3458:Shiv Sena
3084:0971-751X
3076:The Hindu
2945:Scroll.in
2867:Frontline
2836:dtNext.in
2806:dtNext.in
2674:0971-751X
2666:The Hindu
2648:151268924
2640:0958-4935
2596:17 August
2565:0971-751X
2557:The Hindu
2439:0971-751X
2431:The Hindu
2406:Scroll.in
2379:0012-9976
2344:0012-9976
2269:Incumbent
2184:Position
2174:Portrait
1946:Election
1799:Alliance
1787:Election
1727:Alliance
1715:Election
1413:Alliance
1401:Election
1143:Alliance
1131:Election
1092:Arakkonam
743:14 August
694:Ministry
691:Ministry
676:Portrait
596:G.K. Mani
475:terrorist
307:Elections
57:President
3566:Apna Dal
3089:30 March
3056:29 March
2810:Archived
2626:(1): 3.
2570:2 August
2444:30 March
2311:10 April
2280:See also
2242:6 years
2068:Vellore
2051:M. Durai
2005:Vellore
1989:M. Durai
1955:Remarks
1895:208,619
1854:241,653
1818:140,920
1429:552,118
1245:AIADMK+
1040:29 March
738:20 March
679:Minister
500:won the
430:(INC),
344:Vanniyar
196:Congress
189:) (2001)
183:Congress
170:Alliance
130:Ideology
68:Chairman
3529:parties
3115:12 June
2783:7 April
2679:7 April
2487:26 July
2387:4410818
2352:4412456
2227:(1968–)
2193:(House)
1949:Member
1802:Result
1730:Result
1416:Result
1382:AIADMK+
1334:0 / 234
1266:18 / 31
1232:20 / 27
1198:4 / 116
1164:1 / 194
1146:Result
1090:MP for
1083:R. Velu
971:MP for
912:MP for
826:27 May
788:Vellore
786:MP for
729:MP for
708:Period
571:Member
555:Leaders
365:History
322:transl.
277:Website
254:5 / 234
239:1 / 245
224:0 / 543
119:Chennai
97: (
89:Founded
79:Founder
3082:
2672:
2646:
2638:
2563:
2517:27 May
2437:
2385:
2377:
2350:
2342:
1748:2 / 30
1676:0 / 10
1434:0 / 15
1368:5 / 23
1313:DMK +
1300:3 / 30
1279:DMK +
1035:23 May
920:1 July
862:1 July
800:27 May
205:AIADMK
179:AIADMK
160:Status
46:Leader
2644:S2CID
2383:JSTOR
2348:JSTOR
2265:2019
2239:2010
2236:2004
2144:2014
2076:2004
2012:1999
1960:1998
1943:Year
1918:Lost
1900:0 / 1
1887:2009
1859:1 / 1
1846:2004
1836:Lost
1823:0 / 1
1810:1999
1743:N.A.
1735:2006
1663:2024
1640:0 / 7
1627:2019
1604:1 / 8
1591:2014
1586:Lost
1568:0 / 6
1555:2009
1537:5 / 5
1524:2004
1501:5 / 7
1488:1999
1465:4 / 5
1452:1998
1447:Lost
1421:1996
1386:Lost
1355:2021
1350:Lost
1347:None
1321:2016
1316:Lost
1287:2011
1253:2006
1219:2001
1214:Lost
1211:PMK+
1185:1996
1180:Lost
1177:None
1151:1991
1042:2009
1037:2004
985:2001
980:1999
930:2004
923:2002
869:2004
864:2002
833:2001
828:2000
802:2000
797:1999
745:1999
740:1998
702:From
568:S.No
492:-led
448:UPA-I
393:Dalit
3117:2019
3091:2016
3080:ISSN
3058:2016
3033:2021
3007:2021
2981:2021
2952:2021
2926:2021
2900:2021
2874:2021
2848:2021
2818:2021
2785:2016
2759:2021
2733:2021
2707:2021
2681:2016
2670:ISSN
2636:ISSN
2598:2021
2572:2021
2561:ISSN
2519:2018
2489:2021
2446:2016
2435:ISSN
2413:2020
2375:ISSN
2340:ISSN
2313:2023
2177:Name
2171:No.
1793:Won
1721:Won
1443:PMK+
1407:Won
1282:Won
1248:Won
1137:Won
514:The
438:and
286:.com
209:UNPA
187:SDPA
2628:doi
1873:DPA
1832:NDA
1762:DPA
1685:NDA
1654:NDA
1618:NDA
1546:DPA
1515:NDA
1479:NDA
1310:15
1242:16
705:To
672:No.
651:7.
640:6.
629:5.
618:4.
605:3.
592:2.
579:1.
494:NDA
490:BJP
332:PMK
200:UPA
192:DMK
174:NDA
158:ECI
3933::
3074:.
3049:.
3023:.
2997:.
2971:.
2960:^
2943:.
2916:.
2890:.
2865:.
2834:.
2804:.
2793:^
2775:.
2749:.
2723:.
2697:.
2664:.
2642:.
2634:.
2624:27
2622:.
2618:.
2606:^
2588:.
2559:.
2555:.
2536:.
2505:.
2479:.
2468:^
2429:.
2404:.
2381:.
2371:36
2369:.
2346:.
2336:37
2334:.
2330:.
2210:1
1914:TF
1910:1
1869:1
1758:2
1650:1
1614:1
1582:TF
1578:5
1511:1
1475:4
1378:5
1344:3
1276:2
1208:3
1174:1
1069:8
1007:7
950:6
891:5
855:4
819:3
772:2
713:1
469:.
434:,
419:.
327:;
117:,
113:,
3150:e
3143:t
3136:v
3119:.
3093:.
3060:.
3035:.
3009:.
2983:.
2954:.
2928:.
2902:.
2876:.
2850:.
2820:.
2787:.
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2630::
2600:.
2574:.
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2491:.
2448:.
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2389:.
2354:.
2315:.
2254:)
2250:(
473:“
446:(
320:(
207:(
198:(
194:-
185:(
181:-
101:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
