566:
to dive into a
Japanese formation, attack, and then continue diving at a speed the Japanese fighters could not match. Above all, Wurtsmith attempted to make sure that he had enough P-40s in commission to outnumber the Japanese. The efforts of the ground crews and service troops made this possible. By May 1942, he had lost seven P-40s and three pilots while claiming the destruction of 38 Japanese aircraft. The heaviest Japanese attack had been by nine fighters and 24 bombers, which Wurtsmith had met with 50 P-40s; the P-40 pilots claimed 11 Japanese aircraft shot down. May was the first month that passed without a raid since January but the Japanese returned on four consecutive days in June, three of these raids consisting of 18 to 20 fighters and 27 bombers. That month nine P-40s and 13 Japanese aircraft were lost. Wurtsmith was promoted to
708:
6,607 sorties in support of bombers and 10,215 to protect transports, out of 24,397 sorties for the period in total. These missions often depended upon securing forward fighter fields, particularly for long missions. Wurtsmith made what he claimed was the "shortest landing ever made in a P-40" at
Marilinan to see if it could serve as a forward fighter strip. He proved that it could, although a better site was subsequently located at nearby Tsili Tsili. This base allowed Wurtsmith's fighters to support the
128:
33:
108:
624:. One of MacArthur's staff quipped that he hoped Wurtsmith was over 21. Wurtsmith was actually 36; but MacArthur, who had been promoted to the rank of brigadier general at age 37, icily replied, "We promote them out here for efficiency, not age." Wurtsmith was duly promoted on 8 February 1943. He also became one of a handful of American officers to be decorated by the Australian government, being awarded the
550:
720:, who was visiting the South West Pacific area as civilian observer, taught Wurtsmith's pilots how to obtain greater range by economical operation of their engines. The new technique increased the combat radius of the P-38s to 600 miles (970 km), a gain of some 30 percent. Combining three external droppable tanks with new techniques increased the range of the P-40s to 650 miles (1,050 km).
153:
1817:
1789:
506:
several times. The 49th
Pursuit Group became its principal defense. Conditions in the area were still primitive, and spare parts and equipment were scarce. Lacking adequate logistical support, the Americans were heavily dependent on their Australian allies. Morale in Darwin was low, but the sight of
565:
with a
Japanese fighter was practically suicidal. Wurtsmith attempted to develop tactics that would exploit the strengths of the P-40 and minimize its weaknesses. The two-plane element was fixed as the chief unit of combat, and individual dogfighting was strictly prohibited. The P-40s would attempt
707:
In New Guinea, the main role of the fighters was escort—something not foreseen before the war. Early losses of bombers made fighter protection the rule rather than the exception, and if fighter cover was not available, the bombers flew by night. During the last half of 1943, V Fighter
Command flew
644:
825:. He first flew to Bolling Field, where he had some business, then on to Selfridge Field. He paid a visit to his family, whom he had not seen for three years, including his mother Ella, whose 77th birthday was on 14 September. On 13 September, with Wurtsmith at the controls, the Mitchell,
860:
told the crowd that the base was being named after a man who was "probably the best fighter pilot and fighter tactician in all of World War II". In 1954, Ella
Wurtsmith was named Michigan Mother of the Year. Among the letters recommending her for the honor was one from General MacArthur.
670:
but none reached the South West
Pacific Area until October 1942 and, beset with a host of mechanical difficulties, it was not until December 1942 that they flew their first major combat mission over New Guinea. Deliveries were suspended in January 1943 owing to the requirements of the
683:
to become operational in August 1943. Though the tanks were very successful on the P-38s and P-40s, overloading the P-47s caused several crashes, and the pilots were reluctant to fly with more than 505 US gallons (1,910 L) of fuel. In 1945, the P-47s were replaced by
1397:, p. 19. Killed in the crash were Major General Paul B. Wurtsmith (pilot), Lieutenant Colonel Fred L. Trickey, Jr (co-pilot), Lieutenant Colonel Paul R. Okerbloom, Master Sergeant Hosey W. Merritt (radio operator) and Staff Sergeant Hoyt W. Crump (flight engineer).
654:(extreme left) who controlled all Allied air operations from captured strips at Aitape. Left to right: Brigadier General Paul Wurtsmith, Commanding General, V Fighter Command (pilot of first allied combat plane to land); Colonel
1887:
679:, the first of which arrived in Australia in July 1943. Early model P-47s had less range than P-40 Kittyhawks until 200-imperial-gallon (910 L) fuel tanks could be manufactured for them in Australia. These enabled the
1872:
619:
By early 1943, Kenney was convinced that
Wurtsmith had "made good" in the Papuan Campaign, and he took the papers recommending Wurtsmith's promotion to MacArthur, who promised to approve it and sent it in to
1862:
1902:
1857:
1907:
829:, set out for MacDill Field in bad weather, flying at 6,000 feet (1,800 m)—below the safe altitude for the area. At around 11:20 all on board were killed when the aircraft crashed into
688:. By September 1943, Wurtsmith's five fighter groups had 598 aircraft but this included 70 P-39s, 30 P-400s and 118 P-40s, half of which were in the depots. The technical representative of
546:, Major Donald R. Hutchinson, with 2,600 hours, were veteran pilots. Five others had more than 600 hours and nine had about 15 hours. The remaining 89 pilots had no pursuit time at all.
561:, and could outdive them. On the other hand, the Japanese fighters had greater range, could outclimb the P-40, and were far more maneuverable. For an American P-40 pilot, risking a
856:, in his honor. Special guests at the dedication ceremony included his mother Ella, his widow Irene, his nephews Paul D. Wurtsmith and Fred Wurtsmith, and George Kenney. General
662:
W. A. C. Dale, Task Force
Engineer, and Colonel Robert Morrissey, Chief of Staff, V Fighter Command (pilot of second lightning to land). Wurtsmith's plane is in background.
530:, 74 were under or awaiting repair and perhaps another 100 had yet to be completely assembled. On 18 March, 33 P-39s, 92 P-40s and 52 P-400s were on hand. There were three
414:
on 23 June 1928. On 2 February 1929, he received a regular commission in the Army Air Corps. He married Irene
Gillespie. The couple had no children. Wurtsmith joined the
272:
as a flying cadet in 1927, Wurtsmith was commissioned in 1928. Over the next 13 years, he served in instructional and command positions. He took over command of the
1892:
1852:
604:
as his deputy. The major commands of the Fifth Air Force were the V Service Command under Major General Rush B. Lincoln, V Bomber Command under Brigadier General
1702:
542:
and 49th, but Wurtsmith's was the only one considered combat ready. Of the 102 pilots in his group, only Wurtsmith, with 4,800 hours of pursuit time, and his
625:
246:
790:
Wurtsmith relinquished command of the Thirteenth Air Force in July 1946 and returned to the United States, where he was assigned to the headquarters of the
612:
in April 1942 as V Interceptor Command, it was redesignated V Fighter Command in August. Wurtsmith assumed command on 11 November, with his headquarters at
1882:
491:
238:
696:
similarly reported that the P-40s had from 300 to 500 combat hours, which was equivalent to about 2,000 normal hours. General Kenney wrote to General
1877:
229:
1867:
1805:
1671:
1897:
202:
1506:
304:
212:
1757:
1715:
1555:
1487:
598:
583:
423:
616:. Kenney told him that if he "made good", he would be promoted to brigadier general. If not, he would be sent home on a slow boat.
1406:
945:
1515:
830:
767:
323:
83:
732:
464:
289:
258:
170:
156:
1779:
798:. Though perhaps an unusual posting for a fighter expert, SAC was then commanded by Kenney. Wurtsmith attended the 1946
269:
593:. Kenney split the Allied Air Forces into Australian and American components, the American part becoming the re-formed
841:
628:
for "excellence of training and direction of fighter operations in New Guinea". The award was eventually presented by
384:
94:
1729:
1158:"Recommendation for Paul Bernard Wurtsmith to be awarded a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (Honorary)"
523:
499:
367:
277:
276:
in December 1941 and between March 1942 and January 1943, his fighters downed 78 enemy aircraft in the defense of
834:
740:
716:. The range of the fighters was increased by the addition of external 200-gallon fuel tanks. Then, in July 1944,
647:
The first Allied pilots to try out airstrip built by engineers of No. 62 Works Wing RAAF at Tadji are greeted by
557:
The P-40s were better armored and faster in level flight than the Japanese fighters they were up against, mostly
476:
443:
442:
from 7 August 1935 to 16 June 1936 before being promoted substantively on 2 February 1939. He graduated from the
411:
339:
327:
1423:
849:
605:
427:
335:
1675:
1164:
845:
587:
570:
on 6 July 1942. Between March 1942 and January 1943, his fighters claimed to have downed 78 enemy aircraft.
484:
439:
331:
795:
779:
736:
672:
363:
308:
217:
791:
748:
659:
468:
460:
415:
312:
166:
704:, I do not believe that anyone else is flying stuff as old and worn out as these youngsters out here."
1847:
1842:
1036:
1032:
1028:
799:
728:
701:
300:
182:
643:
775:
744:
680:
629:
558:
391:
207:
752:
651:
609:
426:, Michigan. Over the next 13 years, he served in instructional and command positions. He won the
133:
32:
1763:
1753:
1721:
1711:
1679:
1630:
1606:
1580:
1561:
1551:
1519:
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1483:
1419:
1157:
724:
717:
713:
590:
543:
539:
503:
472:
407:
399:
359:
285:
273:
178:
174:
735:
on 19 March 1945. The Thirteenth Air Force was tasked with the support of Lieutenant General
1793:
1750:
The Fifth Fighter Command in World War II, Volume I: Pearl Harbor to the Reduction of Rabaul
1643:
1527:
1337:
1332:
1039:
Pursuit Squadrons arrived in the Darwin area on 17 March, 6 April and 15 April respectively.
853:
810:
756:
709:
676:
655:
535:
435:
372:
186:
1480:
The Biographical Dictionary of World War II Generals and Flag Officers: The US Armed Forces
857:
771:
759:
697:
601:
594:
296:
281:
1823:
949:
1665:
802:
743:
in the Victor series of operations to clear the Southern Philippines that included the
693:
667:
621:
519:
515:
511:
522:
had been sent to Australia; of these, around 125 had been lost to enemy action in the
1836:
1698:
837:. The official report listed the cause of the crash as "miscalculation of altitude".
822:
814:
689:
648:
633:
579:
395:
319:
292:
113:
1600:
1574:
806:
763:
685:
613:
549:
377:
262:
196:
813:, one of SAC's three numbered air forces. On 12 September 1946, he took off from
480:
419:
403:
234:
370:
in Detroit. In his teenage years he earned some money working as a copy boy at
553:
P-40E of the 7th Fighter Squadron, 49th Fighter Group in Australia, March 1942
431:
1767:
1634:
1629:. The Army Air Forces in World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1610:
1605:. The Army Air Forces in World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1584:
1579:. The Army Air Forces in World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1565:
1523:
1497:
495:
242:
152:
1725:
1683:
1508:
USAF Historical Study No. 136: Development of the Long Range Escort Fighter
840:
Wurtsmith's remains were recovered from Cold Mountain and were interred in
597:
in September 1942. Kenney concurrently commanded the Fifth Air Force, with
366:, and his wife Ella. Paul was educated at Holy Redeemer Grammar School and
358:, on 9 August 1906, the eldest of three sons of Fred Bernard Wurtsmith, a
809:
as an observer, and in September 1946, he was appointed commander of the
562:
483:, shortly after the United States entered the war following the Japanese
355:
67:
490:
The 49th Pursuit Group was soon on its way to fight the Japanese in the
818:
567:
507:
Wurtsmith's aircraft patrolling the skies provided an important boost.
380:
351:
63:
658:(who squeezed into General Wurtsmith's single seated P-38 Lightning);
586:, becoming the senior Allied air officer under the theater commander,
1627:
Vol. V, The Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki, June 1944 to August 1945
1602:
Vol. IV, The Pacific: Guadalcanal to Saipan, August 1942 to July 1944
692:
reported that the P-39s and P-40s averaged 300 combat hours. That of
642:
637:
548:
531:
467:
until January 1941. Still at Selfridge Field, he served with the
527:
1888:
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
463:
at Selfridge Field from September 1939 to July 1940, then the
1799:
1704:
General Kenney Reports: A Personal History of the Pacific War
1873:
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
1407:
Burial Detail: Wurtsmith, Paul B (Section 3, Grave 4022-A-1)
778:
in the Oboe series of operations against Japanese forces in
666:
The first long-range American fighter was the twin-engined
1333:"Commanders of the Eighth Air Force 1942 to 13 June 2006"
398:
through the successful completion of flight training at
387:, where he earned a degree in aeronautical engineering.
1863:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
1427:
1903:
United States Army Air Forces generals of World War II
1858:
Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire
498:
in February 1942, the 49th Pursuit Group moved to the
1777:
723:
On 30 January 1945, Wurtsmith replaced Major General
1625:
Craven, Wesley Frank; Cate, James Lea, eds. (1953).
1599:
Craven, Wesley Frank; Cate, James Lea, eds. (1950).
1573:
Craven, Wesley Frank; Cate, James Lea, eds. (1948).
471:
until December 1941, when he assumed command of the
1752:. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History.
394:as a flying cadet on 4 August 1927. On earning his
311:campaigns. After the war Wurtsmith served with the
225:
192:
162:
147:
139:
119:
101:
89:
73:
50:
42:
23:
1908:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1946
1651:. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University
1550:. Clayton, North Carolina: Doris Rollins Cannon.
1315:
1313:
16:United States Army Air Forces general (1906–1946)
1667:Volume I – Royal Australian Air Force, 1939–1942
582:assumed command of the Allied Air Forces in the
1645:Biographical data on Air Force General Officers
1548:Cold Mountain Bomber Crash: The Enduring Legacy
510:Between December 1941 and March 1942, over 300
434:in 1930. On 1 October 1934, he was promoted to
284:air attacks. In 1943 he assumed command of the
1478:Ancell, R. Manning; Miller, Christine (1996).
330:, on 13 September 1946. In February 1953, the
1420:"A brief history of Wurtsmith Air Force Base"
1008:
1006:
318:Wurtsmith was killed when his North American
8:
913:
844:on 18 September 1946. In February 1953, the
626:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
502:area in March and April 1942. By this time,
247:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
833:, about 20 miles (32 km) southwest of
406:, Texas, he was directly commissioned as a
1710:. New York City: Duell, Sloan and Pearce.
1482:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
1304:
1292:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1108:
1084:
1060:
1048:
1012:
969:
967:
766:, the Thirteenth Air Force also supported
608:, and the V Fighter Command. Activated at
257:(9 August 1906 – 13 September 1946) was a
31:
20:
948:. United States Air Force. Archived from
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
322:medium bomber crashed near the summit of
1096:
1024:
909:
907:
905:
903:
1812:
1784:
894:
870:
1893:United States Army Air Forces generals
1853:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1460:
1448:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1319:
1280:
1268:
1256:
1244:
1232:
1220:
1144:
1132:
1120:
985:
973:
946:"Major General Paul Bernard Wurtsmith"
925:
940:
938:
936:
934:
700:that "With the possible exception of
376:and in his spare time he worked on a
7:
1072:
997:
1514:. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama:
350:Paul Bernard Wurtsmith was born in
1883:University of Detroit Mercy alumni
1576:Vol. I, Plans and Early Operations
14:
1672:Australia in the War of 1939–1945
731:. He was promoted to the rank of
534:pursuit groups in Australia, the
526:, 75 had been transferred to the
1815:
1787:
151:
126:
106:
1878:Military personnel from Detroit
675:, forcing Kenney to accept the
422:"Hat in the Ring" Squadron, at
280:in northern Australia, against
203:Air raids on Australia, 1942–43
37:Major General Paul B. Wurtsmith
1642:Fogerty, Dr Robert O. (1953).
1546:Cannon, Doris Rollins (2005).
578:In August 1942, Major General
213:Philippines Campaign (1944–45)
1:
1868:Recipients of the Silver Star
259:United States Army Air Forces
84:Cold Mountain, North Carolina
299:. In 1945, he commanded the
270:United States Army Air Corps
1898:Recipients of the Air Medal
842:Arlington National Cemetery
230:Distinguished Service Medal
95:Arlington National Cemetery
1924:
1664:Gillison, Douglas (1962).
794:(SAC) at Washington, DC's
524:Dutch East Indies campaign
368:Cass Technical High School
239:Distinguished Flying Cross
835:Asheville, North Carolina
741:Eighth United States Army
444:Air Corps Tactical School
340:Oscoda Township, Michigan
328:Asheville, North Carolina
30:
1505:Boylan, Bernard (1955).
1424:Wurtsmith Air Force Base
914:Ancell & Miller 1996
850:Wurtsmith Air Force Base
459:Wurtsmith commanded the
336:Wurtsmith Air Force Base
114:United States of America
1676:Australian War Memorial
1165:Australian War Memorial
846:United States Air Force
584:South West Pacific Area
485:bombing of Pearl Harbor
364:Pere Marquette Railroad
332:United States Air Force
1748:Wolf, William (2011).
1305:Craven & Cate 1953
1293:Craven & Cate 1953
1209:Craven & Cate 1953
1197:Craven & Cate 1950
1185:Craven & Cate 1950
1109:Craven & Cate 1950
1085:Craven & Cate 1948
1061:Craven & Cate 1948
1049:Craven & Cate 1948
1013:Craven & Cate 1948
737:Robert L. Eichelberger
673:North African Campaign
663:
554:
504:Darwin had been bombed
255:Paul Bernard Wurtsmith
218:Borneo Campaign (1945)
25:Paul Bernard Wurtsmith
1804:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
792:Strategic Air Command
749:Battle of the Visayas
646:
559:Mitsubishi A6M Zeroes
552:
465:41st Pursuit Squadron
461:17th Pursuit Squadron
416:94th Pursuit Squadron
385:University of Detroit
313:Strategic Air Command
171:41st Pursuit Squadron
167:17th Pursuit Squadron
140:Years of service
800:Operation Crossroads
729:Thirteenth Air Force
727:as commander of the
455:Defense of Australia
305:Southern Philippines
301:Thirteenth Air Force
183:Thirteenth Air Force
1735:on 26 February 2009
1430:on 14 February 2009
1307:, pp. 464–469.
1283:, pp. 226–227.
1271:, pp. 222–224.
1259:, pp. 252–253.
1235:, pp. 213–214.
1211:, pp. 336–337.
1075:, pp. 101–111.
1027:, p. 469. The
952:on 12 December 2012
745:Invasion of Palawan
681:348th Fighter Group
392:U.S. Army Air Corps
390:He enlisted in the
208:New Guinea campaign
776:Australian I Corps
768:Lieutenant General
755:. Operating under
753:Battle of Mindanao
664:
610:Fort George Wright
555:
492:South West Pacific
473:49th Pursuit Group
469:50th Pursuit Group
438:and was temporary
383:. He attended the
274:49th Pursuit Group
175:49th Pursuit Group
134:United States Army
1699:Kenney, George C.
725:St. Clair Streett
718:Charles Lindbergh
714:landing at Nadzab
652:F. R. W. Scherger
599:Brigadier General
591:Douglas MacArthur
544:executive officer
408:second lieutenant
360:railroad engineer
286:V Fighter Command
268:Enlisting in the
252:
251:
179:V Fighter Command
77:13 September 1946
1915:
1828:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1808:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1771:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1728:. Archived from
1709:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1650:
1638:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1569:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1532:
1526:. Archived from
1513:
1501:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1426:. Archived from
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
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1338:Shreveport Times
1329:
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1010:
1001:
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989:
983:
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971:
962:
961:
959:
957:
942:
929:
923:
917:
911:
898:
892:
854:Oscoda, Michigan
811:Eighth Air Force
757:Air Vice Marshal
710:bombing of Wewak
677:P-47 Thunderbolt
656:Leif J. Sverdrup
436:first lieutenant
373:The Detroit News
342:, in his honor.
187:Eighth Air Force
155:
132:
130:
129:
121:
112:
110:
109:
80:
60:
58:
35:
21:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1807:sister projects
1806:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1760:
1747:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1718:
1707:
1697:
1688:
1686:
1663:
1654:
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1648:
1641:
1624:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1558:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1533:on 18 June 2006
1530:
1511:
1504:
1490:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1431:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1389:
1385:, pp. 7–9.
1381:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1361:, pp. 5–6.
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1331:
1330:
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1318:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1291:
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1103:
1095:
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1079:
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1067:
1059:
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1047:
1043:
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1019:
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1004:
996:
992:
984:
980:
972:
965:
955:
953:
944:
943:
932:
924:
920:
912:
901:
893:
872:
867:
858:Thomas D. White
803:nuclear weapons
788:
772:Leslie Morshead
760:William Bostock
698:Henry H. Arnold
640:in March 1945.
602:Ennis Whitehead
595:Fifth Air Force
576:
520:P-39 Airacobras
512:P-40 Kittyhawks
457:
452:
424:Selfridge Field
348:
297:Fifth Air Force
261:general during
245:
241:
237:
233:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
127:
125:
107:
105:
97:
90:Place of burial
82:
78:
62:
56:
54:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1921:
1919:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1802:Paul Wurtsmith
1800:
1797:
1796:
1773:
1772:
1759:978-0764339554
1758:
1745:
1716:
1695:
1661:
1639:
1622:
1596:
1570:
1556:
1543:
1516:Air University
1502:
1488:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1411:
1409:– ANC Explorer
1399:
1387:
1375:
1363:
1351:
1324:
1309:
1297:
1295:, p. 450.
1285:
1273:
1261:
1249:
1247:, p. 225.
1237:
1225:
1213:
1201:
1199:, p. 153.
1189:
1187:, p. 102.
1177:
1149:
1147:, p. 163.
1137:
1125:
1123:, p. 219.
1113:
1101:
1099:, p. 559.
1089:
1087:, p. 476.
1077:
1065:
1063:, p. 401.
1053:
1051:, p. 411.
1041:
1017:
1015:, p. 412.
1002:
990:
978:
963:
930:
918:
916:, p. 461.
899:
869:
868:
866:
863:
787:
786:Post-war years
784:
694:Curtiss-Wright
668:P-38 Lightning
660:Wing Commander
622:Washington, DC
606:Kenneth Walker
575:
572:
494:. Arriving in
456:
453:
451:
448:
347:
344:
250:
249:
227:
223:
222:
221:
220:
215:
210:
205:
194:
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145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
123:
117:
116:
103:
99:
98:
93:
91:
87:
86:
81:(aged 40)
75:
71:
70:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1920:
1909:
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1727:
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1717:0-912799-44-7
1713:
1706:
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1557:0-9772101-0-3
1553:
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1503:
1499:
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1491:
1489:0-313-29546-8
1485:
1481:
1476:
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1470:
1463:, p. 43.
1462:
1457:
1454:
1451:, p. 42.
1450:
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1328:
1325:
1322:, p. 38.
1321:
1316:
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1234:
1229:
1226:
1223:, p. 172
1222:
1217:
1214:
1210:
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1193:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1166:
1159:
1153:
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1146:
1141:
1138:
1135:, p. 65.
1134:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1111:, p. 99.
1110:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1097:Gillison 1962
1093:
1090:
1086:
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1074:
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1066:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1025:Gillison 1962
1021:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1000:, p. 92.
999:
994:
991:
988:, p. 36.
987:
982:
979:
976:, p. 33.
975:
970:
968:
964:
951:
947:
941:
939:
937:
935:
931:
928:, p. 32.
927:
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864:
862:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
838:
836:
832:
831:Cold Mountain
828:
824:
823:B-25 Mitchell
820:
816:
815:MacDill Field
812:
808:
804:
801:
797:
796:Bolling Field
793:
785:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
733:major general
730:
726:
721:
719:
715:
711:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
690:Bell Aircraft
687:
686:P-51 Mustangs
682:
678:
674:
669:
661:
657:
653:
650:
649:Air Commodore
645:
641:
639:
635:
634:Thomas Blamey
631:
627:
623:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
600:
596:
592:
589:
585:
581:
580:George Kenney
573:
571:
569:
564:
560:
551:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
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486:
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466:
462:
454:
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409:
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401:
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369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
345:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:Cold Mountain
321:
320:B-25 Mitchell
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:George Kenney
291:
290:Major General
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
248:
244:
240:
236:
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172:
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158:
157:Major General
154:
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138:
135:
124:
118:
115:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:9 August 1906
53:
49:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1827:from Commons
1822:
1801:
1775:
1749:
1737:. Retrieved
1730:the original
1703:
1687:. Retrieved
1674:. Canberra:
1666:
1653:. Retrieved
1644:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1601:
1588:. Retrieved
1575:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1528:the original
1507:
1479:
1456:
1444:
1432:. Retrieved
1428:the original
1414:
1402:
1390:
1378:
1373:, p. 6.
1366:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1336:
1327:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1216:
1204:
1192:
1180:
1168:. Retrieved
1152:
1140:
1128:
1116:
1104:
1092:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1020:
993:
981:
954:. Retrieved
950:the original
921:
895:Fogerty 1953
839:
826:
807:Bikini Atoll
789:
764:RAAF Command
722:
706:
665:
618:
614:Port Moresby
577:
556:
509:
489:
458:
450:World War II
418:, the famed
389:
378:Ford Model-T
371:
349:
317:
267:
263:World War II
254:
253:
197:World War II
193:Battles/wars
79:(1946-09-13)
18:
1848:1946 deaths
1843:1906 births
1739:20 February
1689:10 February
1461:Cannon 2005
1449:Cannon 2005
1395:Cannon 2005
1383:Cannon 2005
1371:Cannon 2005
1359:Cannon 2005
1320:Cannon 2005
1281:Boylan 1955
1269:Boylan 1955
1257:Kenney 1949
1245:Boylan 1955
1233:Boylan 1955
1221:Kenney 1949
1145:Kenney 1949
1133:Kenney 1949
1121:Boylan 1955
986:Cannon 2005
974:Cannon 2005
926:Cannon 2005
481:Mississippi
420:World War I
412:Air Reserve
404:San Antonio
400:Kelly Field
235:Silver Star
43:Nickname(s)
1837:Categories
1655:20 October
1616:20 October
1471:References
751:, and the
574:New Guinea
346:Early life
288:, part of
102:Allegiance
57:1906-08-09
1794:Biography
1768:730404992
1635:256469807
1611:459415978
1585:222565036
1073:Wolf 2011
998:Wolf 2011
805:tests on
702:Chennault
496:Australia
477:Key Field
446:in 1939.
243:Air Medal
143:1928–1946
1701:(1949).
1590:30 March
1566:62510491
1537:25 March
1524:70856500
1498:33862161
1434:25 March
1344:25 March
1170:30 March
956:25 March
827:44-30227
712:and the
563:dogfight
432:Air Race
428:Mitchell
356:Michigan
282:Japanese
163:Commands
120:Service/
68:Michigan
1726:1227801
1684:2000369
1518:Press.
821:, in a
819:Florida
630:General
588:General
568:colonel
518:and 90
440:captain
430:Trophy
410:in the
381:hot rod
362:on the
352:Detroit
303:in the
64:Detroit
46:Squeeze
1780:Portal
1766:
1756:
1724:
1714:
1682:
1633:
1609:
1583:
1564:
1554:
1522:
1496:
1486:
848:named
780:Borneo
514:, 100
500:Darwin
334:named
309:Borneo
278:Darwin
226:Awards
131:
122:branch
111:
1824:Media
1733:(PDF)
1708:(PDF)
1649:(PDF)
1531:(PDF)
1512:(PDF)
1161:(PDF)
865:Notes
638:Leyte
532:USAAF
516:P-400
396:wings
326:near
1764:OCLC
1754:ISBN
1741:2009
1722:OCLC
1712:ISBN
1691:2009
1680:OCLC
1657:2006
1631:OCLC
1618:2006
1607:OCLC
1592:2006
1581:OCLC
1562:OCLC
1552:ISBN
1539:2009
1520:OCLC
1494:OCLC
1484:ISBN
1436:2009
1346:2009
1172:2009
1035:and
958:2009
770:Sir
632:Sir
540:35th
528:RAAF
307:and
148:Rank
74:Died
51:Born
1037:8th
1033:7th
1029:9th
852:in
774:'s
762:'s
739:'s
636:on
536:8th
475:at
338:in
295:'s
232:(2)
1839::
1762:.
1720:.
1678:.
1670:.
1560:.
1492:.
1422:.
1335:.
1312:^
1163:.
1031:,
1005:^
966:^
933:^
902:^
873:^
817:,
782:.
747:,
538:,
487:.
479:,
402:,
354:,
315:.
265:.
199::
66:,
1810::
1782::
1770:.
1743:.
1693:.
1659:.
1637:.
1620:.
1594:.
1568:.
1541:.
1500:.
1438:.
1348:.
1174:.
960:.
897:.
59:)
55:(
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