436:
of the
Egyptian non-Chalcedonians. Jacob Baradaeus initially supported Paul, but after travelling to Egypt in 576 it was agreed that he would acknowledge Peter as pope of Alexandria and his deposition of Paul on the condition that Paul was not excommunicated. This further disrupted the church as the Syrian non-Chalcedonians were thus divided between Jacobites, who supported Jacob Baradaeus' decision to uphold Paul's deposition, and Paulites, who supported Paul as patriarch of Antioch. Paul and Al-Mundhir appealed to Jacob to hold a synod to bring about an end to the schism between their two factions, but he refused.
2224:
201:, who in his effort to reunite the Egyptian and Syrian non-Chalcedonians agreed to Paul's deposition, dividing the Church in the process. Amidst the troubles he faced, Paul was imprisoned, excommunicated twice, forced into exile in Arabia twice, and ultimately forced into hiding at Constantinople, where he died, and received an ignominious burial.
333:
controversy surfaced amongst the non-Chalcedonians in 567, and the situation deteriorated until the tritheist advocates Conon of Tarsus and
Eugenius of Seleucia were deposed and excommunicated in 569. Paul came under criticism for his opposition to tritheism, and its proponents claimed he was opposed
435:
As Paul had formally recognised
Theodore as the legitimate pope of Alexandria, Peter excommunicated Paul and declared to have deposed him as patriarch of Antioch. Theodore made no effort to establish himself as pope of Alexandria and retired to his monastery, and Peter was accepted by the majority
372:
in
Constantinople, and the bishops John of Ephesus, Stephen of Cyprus, and Elijah, to the patriarchal palace to discuss ending the schism, but upon their arrival there they were detained until they had agreed to subscribe to the Emperor Justin's edict, thus entering into communion with the Imperial
231:
at
Constantinople. The Syrian non-Chalcedonians had lacked a patriarch of Antioch for several years since the death of Sergius of Tella, and thus Theodosius sent Paul to Syria to discuss the situation with the non-Chalcedonian bishops there. Unbeknownst to Paul, Theodosius also sent two letters to
285:
Bassus, Zenobius of Mar Bizi, Andreas of Mar
Manassis, Phocas of Mar Eusebius, John of Mar Romanus, and Barhabshabba of the Great Monastery of Tel‛eda. Theodosius and Paul exchanged letters to confirm their two churches were in communion, and declare their recognition of one another as legitimate
457:
A synod at
Constantinople was held by Al-Mundhir in March 580 to heal the division between the Jacobites and Paulites, and at its conclusion, Damian agreed to end the schism with Paul. However, upon Damian's return to Alexandria, he rescinded his reconciliation with Paul under pressure from his
439:
In 577, the faction in favour of
Theodore's papacy collapsed as Longinus went into exile in Arabia, whilst Paul went into hiding at Constantinople. Discussions were held amongst Syrian non-Chalcedonians on the matter of the appointment of a new patriarch of Antioch to replace Paul, and Jacob
427:
and John of Kellia, he was violently rejected by a number of
Egyptian non-Chalcedonians who resented that they had not been consulted. Theodore of Philae and John of Kellia both renounced their support for Theodore, and the latter sided with his opponents, and only six weeks after Theodore's
444:
but died en route on 30 July 578. Damian spearheaded the opposition to Paul, and in 579, with the support of some of the Syrian non-Chalcedonians, he planned to consecrate a certain
Severus as patriarch at the Cassian Church in Antioch with two other bishops, but the Chalcedonian Patriarch
298:, Leonidas, and Joseph of Metellis, to perform ordinations and manage other ecclesiastical matters in his stead. However, he did not consecrate any bishops in Egypt, and Theodosius died in June 566. Paul aimed to succeed Theodosius as the
334:
by Jacob Baradaeus and Theodore of Arabia, to which they responded by formally reaffirming their support for him. In 570, the tritheists appealed to Emperor Justin, and he arranged for a disputation to be held under the auspices of the
281:, and Theodore of Arabia. After Jacob Baradaeus had canvassed the non-Chalcedonian monasteries to recognise Paul as patriarch, he was accepted by the monastery of Beth Aphthonia, and the archimandrites Eusebius of
367:
and the non-Chalcedonian Syriac Orthodox Church, but was rejected by most non-Chalcedonians, and he ordered their persecution on 21 March. John Scholasticus invited Paul, who was residing at the monastery of the
1307:
380:
Paul was excommunicated by Jacob Baradaeus for accepting communion with the Imperial Church, and he remained in captivity until he managed to escape in 574, and fled to the encampment of the Ghassanid King
466:
as patriarch of Antioch in 581, and Paul either died soon after in the same year, or after several years in 584. He was unceremoniously buried at his monastery at night with a false name and no funeral.
214:
Paul was born at Alexandria in Egypt in c. 500 to the family of Ukkame. He became a monk at the Monastery of Gubo Baroyo in Syria, where he studied Greek and Syriac literature. Paul was appointed
2289:
2249:
1300:
1406:
2274:
2264:
1293:
299:
449:
discovered Damian's plot and had their residence in Antioch stormed before the consecration took place and the group was forced to flee the city through the sewers.
1376:
2254:
1316:
1267:
40:
1358:
373:
Church. The group recanted their communion and were confined to the Monastery of Saint Abraham at Constantinople, where they again agreed to accept the
1114:(2011). "Episcopal Succession in Antioch in the Sixth Century". In Johan Leemans; Peter Van Nuffelen; Shawn W. J. Keough; Carla Nicolaye (eds.).
403:
After Pope Theodosius' death in 566, the Egyptian non-Chalcedonians lacked a spiritual leader, and between 23 June and 25 August 575 the bishops
2279:
1857:
311:
194:
318:, and Paul consequently abandoned his plans to become pope and left Egypt. Paul took refuge at the encampment of the non-Chalcedonian
303:
314:. The Egyptian non-Chalcedonians assembled a dossier of complaints against Paul for Athanasius, which was then provided to Emperor
2284:
364:
183:
228:
415:, as pope of Alexandria with Paul's support. Although Theodore's consecration had taken place at the request of the Egyptian
1204:
Markschies, Christoph (2011). "Paul Melanos". In Hans Dieter Betz; Don S. Browning; Bernd Janowski; Eberhard Jüngel (eds.).
225:
176:
1839:
382:
1750:
429:
1851:
1947:
1875:
1178:
1085:
354:
as Paul's companion in the disputation. The disputation came to nothing, and the two factions remained in schism.
2187:
1905:
1887:
1629:
1132:
441:
335:
180:
1953:
2169:
2012:
1869:
1641:
496:) is a translation of Paul's family name. It is alternatively transliterated as Ukama, Ukomo, Ukome, or Ukkame.
2000:
1917:
1893:
1881:
1695:
1543:
273:
places the consecration in 564. Paul received acknowledgement of his consecration from the bishops Sergius of
1899:
1623:
2175:
2048:
2042:
1994:
1923:
1792:
1756:
1668:
1502:
1473:
1352:
1277:
1187:
1094:
463:
96:
2086:
2073:
1941:
2115:
2060:
1911:
1775:
1688:
1549:
1320:
411:, John of Chalcis, and George Urtaya consecrated Theodore of Rhamnis, archimandrite of a monastery in the
307:
168:
50:
2121:
2036:
1781:
1707:
1597:
232:
the Syrian non-Chalcedonian bishops to request that they ordain Paul as Sergius' successor as patriarch.
2199:
2127:
1863:
1713:
1611:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1561:
1531:
1525:
1388:
1382:
1370:
404:
323:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2080:
1976:
1970:
1833:
1815:
1701:
1519:
2133:
2066:
2030:
2018:
1935:
1845:
1809:
1555:
2054:
1929:
1744:
1635:
1604:
1567:
1427:
1364:
164:
1821:
2269:
2259:
2228:
2139:
1982:
1827:
1675:
1654:
1449:
1441:
1394:
342:
of Constantinople. For four days, Conon and Eugenius debated with Paul and Stephen of Cyprus; both
248:
197:
after a failed attempt to consecrate a new pope of Alexandria, and finally with the eminent bishop
2205:
2193:
2181:
2092:
1732:
1681:
1647:
1617:
1591:
1496:
1484:
1462:
1419:
1400:
1334:
1125:
Crisis Management in Late Antiquity (410–590 CE): A Survey of the Evidence from Episcopal Letters
1061:
446:
343:
1537:
2163:
2109:
2006:
1456:
1182:
1089:
339:
462:
to the Syrian non-Chalcedonians to condemn Paul. Damian eventually succeeded in consecrating
2024:
1434:
1340:
1260:
1156:
1144:
261:
172:
118:
86:
17:
1285:
1803:
1738:
1661:
1227:
1051:
351:
266:
236:
198:
152:
1033:
1246:
Wilmshurst, David (2019). "West Syrian patriarchs and maphrians". In Daniel King (ed.).
1055:
1988:
489:
412:
252:
144:
131:
1223:
2243:
1161:
Christ in Christian Tradition: Volume 2 Part 3: The Churches of Jerusalem and Antioch
1149:
Christ in Christian Tradition: Volume 2 Part 4: The Churches of Jerusalem and Antioch
1111:
215:
186:, and led the nascent Syriac Orthodox Church as it endured division and persecution.
1029:
386:
347:
395:
to declare his penance and Jacob Baradaeus absolved him at Al-Mundhir's request.
1490:
363:(edict of union) in 571 in an effort to end the schism between the Chalcedonian
282:
278:
459:
420:
416:
319:
114:
389:
region in Egypt disguised as a soldier. In the following year, Paul issued a
2223:
1412:
369:
359:
330:
315:
256:
220:
190:
189:
In Paul's tenure as patriarch, the Church suffered schisms, first with the
1232:
Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition
440:
Baradaeus travelled to Egypt to discuss the schism with Peter's successor
391:
244:
60:
754:
752:
294:
In 565, at Theodosius' request, Paul travelled to Egypt, with John of
980:
978:
976:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
424:
295:
274:
240:
664:
662:
649:
647:
645:
408:
1170:
Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture
1137:
The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences
810:
808:
1191:. Vol. 6. New York: Macmillan Publishers. cols. 1948a-1948b
1098:. Vol. 5. New York: Macmillan Publishers. cols. 1479b-1480b
423:
Theodore Copris, and had the support of the bishops Theodore of
310:, who was a candidate to become pope as he was popular with the
235:
Paul was consecrated as the patriarch of Antioch by the bishops
1289:
534:
771:
769:
767:
576:
574:
572:
1163:. Translated by Marianne Ehrhardt. Oxford University Press.
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
591:
589:
1139:. Translated by Matti Moosa (2nd ed.). Gorgias Press.
715:
713:
171:
from c. 551 or 564 to his deposition in 578. He succeeded
1038:. Translated by Marianna Mazzola. PSL Research University
559:
557:
555:
516:
514:
512:
265:, Paul was consecrated as patriarch in c. 551, whereas
41:
Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
1008:
984:
895:
871:
799:
758:
624:
2102:
1963:
1791:
1766:
1723:
1512:
1327:
218:of a monastery at Alexandria, and later became the
125:
107:
102:
92:
82:
74:
66:
56:
46:
32:
27:
39th Patriarch of Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch
259:, and John of Seleucia in Syria. According to the
2290:Prisoners and detainees of the Byzantine Empire
326:in Arabia before returning to Constantinople.
2250:Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783
1301:
907:
883:
743:
731:
704:
692:
680:
668:
653:
8:
251:, and was witnessed by the bishops Conon of
967:
943:
931:
847:
814:
2275:6th-century Syriac Orthodox Church bishops
1308:
1294:
1286:
1254:
595:
563:
520:
428:consecration, John consecrated the deacon
29:
2265:6th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops
1226:. In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts;
1213:Van Roey, Albert; Allen, Pauline (1994).
1118:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH. pp. 23–39.
835:
859:
775:
719:
1151:. Translated by O.C. Dean, Jr. Mowbray.
580:
508:
481:
1215:Monophysite Texts of the Sixth Century
1123:Allen, Pauline; Neil, Bronwen (2013).
787:
175:as the spiritual leader of the Syrian
2255:Egyptian Oriental Orthodox Christians
1116:Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity
996:
955:
919:
636:
7:
1268:Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch
156:
533:James E. Walters (17 August 2016).
300:non-Chalcedonian pope of Alexandria
1840:Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto
1009:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (1996)
985:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (1996)
896:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (1996)
872:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (1996)
800:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (2013)
759:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (2013)
625:Grillmeier & Hainthaler (2013)
25:
2222:
1852:Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo
1159:; Hainthaler, Theresia (2013).
1147:; Hainthaler, Theresia (1996).
535:"Paul II, Patriarch of Antioch"
229:Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria
73:
65:
1948:Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat
1876:Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa
1250:. Routledge. pp. 806–813.
306:, the grandson of the Empress
1:
2280:6th-century Byzantine bishops
1172:. Cambridge University Press.
157:ܦܘܠܘܣ ܬܪܝܢܐ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ
383:Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith
18:Paul the Black of Alexandria
1906:Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat
1888:Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat
1751:Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib
1343:(c. 544–c. 547; c. 557–560)
1230:; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.).
908:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
884:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
744:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
732:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
705:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
693:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
681:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
669:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
654:Van Roey & Allen (1994)
488:The sobriquet 'the black' (
2306:
1954:Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo
1860:(1492/1493–1494/1509/1512)
1222:Van Rompay, Lucas (2011).
1084:Adams, William Y. (1991).
312:Egyptian non-Chalcedonians
195:Egyptian non-Chalcedonians
2215:
2188:Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum
1870:Ignatius Simon of Hattakh
1630:Athanasius VI bar Khamoro
1274:
1265:
1257:
1206:Religion Past and Present
1064:. Oxford University Press
539:A Guide to Syriac Authors
493:
458:followers, and issued an
442:Pope Damian of Alexandria
357:Emperor Justin issued an
148:
39:
2013:Ignatius Noah of Lebanon
2001:Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo
1918:Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo
1894:Ignatius Habib of Midyat
1882:Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat
1642:Athanasius VII bar Qatra
2285:People from Roman Syria
2229:Christianity portal
1995:Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo
1900:Ignatius Denho of Arnas
1793:Patriarchs of Tur Abdin
1767:Patriarchs of Melitene,
1757:Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo
1474:Dionysius I Telmaharoyo
1278:Peter III of Callinicum
1188:The Coptic Encyclopedia
1168:Haldon, John F (1997).
1095:The Coptic Encyclopedia
836:Allen & Neil (2013)
432:as pope of Alexandria.
179:, in opposition to the
97:Peter III of Callinicum
2170:Ignatius Abdulmasih II
2116:Ignatius Shukrallah II
2061:Ignatius Hidayat Allah
2049:Ignatius David II Shah
1924:Severus Isaac of Azekh
1669:Michael II the Younger
1469:Abraham (807/808–837)†
1321:Syriac Orthodox Church
1224:"Pawlos of Beth Ukome"
1057:Ecclesiastical History
1035:Ecclesiastical History
271:Ecclesiastical History
169:Syriac Orthodox Church
134:, Eastern Roman Empire
51:Syriac Orthodox Church
2200:Ignatius Zakka I Iwas
2087:Ignatius Abdulmasih I
2074:Ignatius Shukrallah I
2063:(1597/1598–1639/1640)
2027:(1510/1512–1517/1519)
1991:(1421/1422–1444/1445)
1942:Mirza of Beth Sbirino
1830:(1444/1446–1454/1455)
1724:Patriarchs of Mardin,
1696:John XIII bar Ma'dani
1678:(1207/1208–1219/1220)
1594:(1063/1064–1072/1073)
1588:(1057/1058–1062/1064)
1582:(1042/1048/1049–1057)
1570:(1004–1030/1031/1033)
1562:Athanasius IV Salhoyo
1389:Athanasius II Baldoyo
1383:Severus II bar Masqeh
1217:. Peeters Publishers.
324:Al-Harith ibn Jabalah
2176:Ignatius Abdullah II
2103:18th century–present
2043:Ignatius Ni'matallah
1912:Ignatius Aho of Arbo
1776:Ignatius Constantine
1689:Dionysius VII ʿAngur
1636:John XI bar Mawdyono
1568:John VIII bar Abdoun
1428:Athanasius Sandalaya
1365:Athanasius I Gammolo
1177:Hardy, E.R. (1991).
958:, cols. 1479b-1480b.
922:, cols. 1948a-1948b.
886:, pp. 295, 298.
290:Patriarch of Antioch
165:Patriarch of Antioch
119:Eastern Roman Empire
2122:Ignatius George III
2037:Ignatius Abdullah I
1964:14th–17th centuries
1782:Ignatius Philoxenus
1708:Philoxenus I Nemrud
1655:Theodore bar Wahbun
1564:(986/987–1002/1003)
1513:10th–13th centuries
910:, pp. 299–300.
898:, pp. 71, 132.
778:, pp. 239–240.
746:, pp. 286–287.
695:, pp. 278–279.
683:, pp. 277–278.
671:, pp. 276–277.
656:, pp. 275–276.
583:, pp. 302–303.
464:Peter of Callinicum
224:(secretary) of the
161:Paul of Bēth Ukkāme
2206:Ignatius Aphrem II
2194:Ignatius Jacob III
2182:Ignatius Elias III
2128:Ignatius George IV
2093:Ignatius George II
1864:Ignatius Yeshu III
1858:Ignatius Masʿud II
1733:Ignatius bar Wahib
1682:Ignatius III David
1612:Dionysius V Laʿzar
1592:John X bar Shushan
1586:Athanasius V Yahyo
1580:John IX bar ʿAbdun
1574:Dionysius IV Yahyo
1497:Theodosius Romanus
1062:Robert Payne Smith
447:Gregory of Antioch
399:Alexandrine schism
385:, and then to the
344:Michael the Syrian
247:, and Eunomius of
2237:
2236:
2164:Ignatius Peter IV
2158:Ignatius Jacob II
2152:Ignatius Elias II
2146:Ignatius George V
2110:Ignatius Isaac II
2081:Ignatius Yeshu II
2077:
2007:Ignatius John XIV
1977:Basil III Gabriel
1971:Michael III Yeshu
1834:Ignatius Yeshu II
1816:Ignatius Masʿud I
1702:Ignatius IV Yeshu
1692:
1672:
1671:(1199/1200–1215)†
1658:
1608:
1607:(1075–1076/1077)†
1505:(896/897–908/909)
1487:(846/847–873/874)
1481:
1470:
1453:
1445:
1437:(758/759–789/790)
1431:
1423:
1415:(739/740–754/755)
1385:(667/668–680/684)
1328:6th–9th centuries
1284:
1283:
1275:Succeeded by
1183:Aziz Suryal Atiya
1157:Grillmeier, Aloys
1145:Grillmeier, Aloys
1090:Aziz Suryal Atiya
1078:Secondary sources
1011:, pp. 77–78.
639:, pp. 32–33.
596:Wilmshurst (2019)
564:Van Rompay (2011)
521:Markschies (2011)
350:erroneously name
340:John Scholasticus
177:non-Chalcedonians
159:), also known as
141:Paul II the Black
138:
137:
34:Paul II the Black
16:(Redirected from
2297:
2227:
2226:
2184:(1917–1932/1933)
2172:(1894/1895–1903)
2154:(1836/1839–1847)
2148:(1819–1836/1839)
2136:(1782–1817/1819)
2134:Ignatius Matthew
2124:(1745/1746–1768)
2118:(1722/1723–1745)
2089:(1661/1662–1686)
2083:(1653/1655–1661)
2072:
2067:Ignatius Simon I
2031:Ignatius David I
2025:Ignatius Jacob I
2021:(1509–1510/1519)
2019:Ignatius Yeshu I
2015:(1493/1494–1509)
2003:(1455/1456–1484)
1936:Barsawmo of Hbob
1854:(1489–1492/1493)
1848:(1482–1488/1489)
1846:Ignatius Saba II
1824:(1421–1444/1445)
1810:Ignatius Yeshu I
1753:(1381/1382–1412)
1747:(1365/1366–1381)
1741:(1333–1365/1366)
1704:(1264–1282/1283)
1687:
1667:
1653:
1644:(1138/1139–1166)
1638:(1129/1130–1137)
1632:(1090/1091–1129)
1620:(1086–1087/1088)
1614:(1077–1078/1079)
1603:
1556:John VII Sarigta
1480:Simeon (c. 837)†
1479:
1468:
1448:
1440:
1426:
1418:
1349:(c. 551/564–578)
1341:Sergius of Tella
1310:
1303:
1296:
1287:
1261:Sergius of Tella
1258:Preceded by
1255:
1251:
1248:The Syriac World
1242:
1240:
1238:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1173:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1119:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1060:. Translated by
1047:
1045:
1043:
1012:
1006:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
857:
851:
845:
839:
833:
818:
812:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
762:
756:
747:
741:
735:
729:
723:
717:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
657:
651:
640:
634:
628:
622:
599:
593:
584:
578:
567:
561:
550:
549:
547:
545:
530:
524:
518:
497:
495:
486:
302:, and slandered
262:Zuqnin Chronicle
226:non-Chalcedonian
193:, then with the
173:Sergius of Tella
167:and head of the
158:
150:
103:Personal details
87:Sergius of Tella
30:
21:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2221:
2218:
2211:
2098:
2055:Ignatius Pilate
1959:
1930:Joseph of Arnas
1804:Ignatius Saba I
1796:
1787:
1768:
1762:
1745:Ignatius Shahab
1739:Ignatius Ismail
1725:
1719:
1662:Athanasius VIII
1605:John bar ʿAbdun
1508:
1323:
1314:
1280:
1272:c. 551/564—578
1271:
1263:
1245:
1236:
1234:
1228:George A. Kiraz
1221:
1212:
1203:
1194:
1192:
1176:
1167:
1155:
1143:
1133:Barsoum, Ephrem
1131:
1122:
1110:
1101:
1099:
1083:
1067:
1065:
1052:John of Ephesus
1050:
1041:
1039:
1028:
1023:Primary sources
1020:
1015:
1007:
1003:
995:
991:
983:
974:
968:John of Ephesus
966:
962:
954:
950:
944:John of Ephesus
942:
938:
932:John of Ephesus
930:
926:
918:
914:
906:
902:
894:
890:
882:
878:
870:
866:
858:
854:
848:John of Ephesus
846:
842:
834:
821:
815:John of Ephesus
813:
806:
798:
794:
786:
782:
774:
765:
757:
750:
742:
738:
730:
726:
718:
711:
703:
699:
691:
687:
679:
675:
667:
660:
652:
643:
635:
631:
623:
602:
594:
587:
579:
570:
562:
553:
543:
541:
532:
531:
527:
519:
510:
501:
500:
487:
483:
473:
455:
419:Theodosius and
401:
365:Imperial Church
352:John of Ephesus
292:
267:John of Ephesus
237:Jacob Baradaeus
212:
207:
199:Jacob Baradaeus
184:Imperial Church
130:
121:
112:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2303:
2301:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2217:† Illegitimate
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2208:(2014–Present)
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1989:Basil IV Simon
1986:
1985:(1387–c. 1421)
1980:
1974:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1822:Ignatius Enoch
1819:
1813:
1807:
1800:
1798:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1784:(1349–c. 1360)
1779:
1772:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1665:
1659:
1651:
1648:Michael I Rabo
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1446:
1438:
1432:
1424:
1416:
1410:
1407:Athanasius III
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1174:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1120:
1112:Allen, Pauline
1108:
1075:
1074:
1048:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1001:
989:
972:
960:
948:
936:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
864:
862:, p. 242.
852:
840:
838:, p. 140.
819:
804:
802:, p. 275.
792:
790:, p. 298.
780:
763:
761:, p. 277.
748:
736:
734:, p. 289.
724:
722:, p. 241.
709:
707:, p. 280.
697:
685:
673:
658:
641:
629:
627:, p. 191.
600:
598:, p. 806.
585:
581:Barsoum (2003)
568:
551:
525:
507:
499:
498:
480:
479:
472:
469:
454:
451:
400:
397:
291:
288:
243:, Eugenius of
211:
208:
206:
203:
149:Paulos Melanos
136:
135:
132:Constantinople
127:
123:
122:
113:
109:
105:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2302:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2140:Ignatius John
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:Philoxenus II
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1828:Ignatius Qumo
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:Dionysius III
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:(790–791/792)
1458:
1455:
1451:
1450:David of Dara
1447:
1443:
1442:John of Raqqa
1439:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1409:(724–739/740)
1408:
1405:
1403:(709–723/724)
1402:
1399:
1397:(687–707/708)
1396:
1393:
1391:(683/684–687)
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1379:(649–666/667)
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1367:(594/595–631)
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:(578/581–591)
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1262:
1256:
1249:
1244:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1005:
1002:
999:, p. 34.
998:
993:
990:
987:, p. 77.
986:
981:
979:
977:
973:
969:
964:
961:
957:
952:
949:
945:
940:
937:
933:
928:
925:
921:
916:
913:
909:
904:
901:
897:
892:
889:
885:
880:
877:
874:, p. 71.
873:
868:
865:
861:
856:
853:
849:
844:
841:
837:
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
820:
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
796:
793:
789:
788:Haldon (1997)
784:
781:
777:
772:
770:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
740:
737:
733:
728:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
701:
698:
694:
689:
686:
682:
677:
674:
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
630:
626:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
601:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
573:
569:
565:
560:
558:
556:
552:
540:
536:
529:
526:
522:
517:
515:
513:
509:
506:
505:
491:
485:
482:
478:
477:
470:
468:
465:
461:
452:
450:
448:
443:
437:
433:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
398:
396:
394:
393:
388:
384:
378:
376:
371:
366:
362:
361:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
289:
287:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
230:
227:
223:
222:
217:
216:archimandrite
209:
204:
202:
200:
196:
192:
187:
185:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
154:
146:
142:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
110:
106:
101:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
70:c. 551 or 564
69:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
42:
38:
31:
19:
2076:(1640–1670)†
1691:(1252–1261)†
1657:(1180–1193)†
1624:Dionysius VI
1503:Dionysius II
1346:
1266:
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1231:
1214:
1205:
1193:. Retrieved
1186:
1169:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1124:
1115:
1100:. Retrieved
1093:
1077:
1076:
1066:. Retrieved
1056:
1040:. Retrieved
1034:
1030:Bar Hebraeus
1022:
1021:
1018:Bibliography
1004:
997:Allen (2011)
992:
963:
956:Adams (1991)
951:
939:
927:
920:Hardy (1991)
915:
903:
891:
879:
867:
860:Bar Hebraeus
855:
843:
795:
783:
776:Bar Hebraeus
739:
727:
720:Bar Hebraeus
700:
688:
676:
637:Allen (2011)
632:
542:. Retrieved
538:
528:
503:
502:
484:
475:
474:
456:
438:
434:
402:
390:
379:
374:
358:
356:
348:Bar Hebraeus
336:Chalcedonian
328:
293:
286:patriarchs.
270:
260:
234:
219:
213:
188:
181:Chalcedonian
160:
140:
139:
2202:(1980–2014)
2196:(1957–1980)
2190:(1933–1957)
2178:(1906–1915)
2166:(1872–1894)
2160:(1847–1871)
2142:(1817–1818)
2130:(1768–1781)
2112:(1709–1722)
2095:(1687–1708)
2069:(1640–1653)
2057:(1591–1597)
2051:(1576–1591)
2045:(1557–1576)
2039:(1521–1557)
2033:(1519–1521)
2009:(1484–1493)
1997:(1445–1455)
1979:(1349–1387)
1973:(1313–1349)
1956:(1834–1839)
1950:(1821–1844)
1944:(1816–1842)
1938:(1816–1839)
1932:(1805–1834)
1926:(1804–1816)
1920:(1791–1816)
1914:(1791–1816)
1908:(1740–1791)
1902:(1707–1725)
1896:(1674–1707)
1884:(1584–1621)
1878:(1551–1571)
1872:(1524–1551)
1866:(1515–1524)
1842:(1460–1482)
1836:(1455–1460)
1818:(1418–1420)
1812:(1389–1418)
1806:(1364–1389)
1778:(1292–1293)
1759:(1412–1445)
1735:(1293–1333)
1716:(1292–1312)
1710:(1283–1292)
1698:(1252–1263)
1684:(1222–1252)
1664:(1199–1207)
1650:(1166–1199)
1626:(1088–1090)
1618:Iwannis III
1600:(1074–1075)
1576:(1031–1042)
1491:Ignatius II
970:, IV.32-33.
946:, IV.20-21.
83:Predecessor
2270:500 births
2260:581 deaths
2244:Categories
1714:Michael II
1538:Iwannis II
1452:(762–774)†
1444:(758–762)†
1430:(756–758)†
1422:(755–756)†
1395:Julian III
1317:Patriarchs
1179:"Peter IV"
1086:"Longinus"
817:, I.15-17.
471:References
460:encyclical
453:Later life
421:archdeacon
417:archpriest
338:Patriarch
304:Athanasius
277:, John of
255:, John of
210:Early life
191:tritheists
163:, was the
115:Alexandria
75:Term ended
1890:(c. 1628)
1797:1364–1844
1769:1293–1360
1726:1293–1445
1558:(965–985)
1552:(962–963)
1550:Abraham I
1546:(958–961)
1540:(954–957)
1534:(936–953)
1528:(923–935)
1522:(910–922)
1499:(887–896)
1493:(878–883)
1476:(818–845)
1465:(793–817)
1413:Iwannis I
1373:(631–648)
1361:(591–594)
1359:Julian II
1353:Peter III
1337:(512–538)
1335:Severus I
504:Citations
375:henoticon
370:Acoemetae
360:henoticon
331:tritheist
320:Ghassanid
316:Justin II
221:syncellus
205:Biography
93:Successor
67:Installed
1676:John XII
1598:Basil II
1463:Quriaqos
1435:George I
1377:Theodore
1371:John III
1208:. Brill.
1135:(2003).
1127:. Brill.
934:, IV.17.
850:, IV.10.
405:Longinus
392:libellus
387:Mareotis
308:Theodora
245:Seleucia
1532:John VI
1526:Basil I
1485:John IV
1420:Isaac I
1401:Elias I
1347:Paul II
1319:of the
1195:12 June
1185:(ed.).
1102:12 June
1092:(ed.).
1068:10 June
494:Melanos
269:in his
257:Chalcis
129:581/584
61:Antioch
1520:John V
1457:Joseph
1237:9 June
1042:31 May
544:9 June
425:Philae
413:Scetis
296:Kellia
275:Harran
253:Tarsus
241:Edessa
153:Syriac
111:c. 500
47:Church
1181:. In
1088:. In
490:Greek
476:Notes
430:Peter
409:Nubia
322:King
249:Amida
145:Greek
1239:2020
1197:2020
1104:2020
1070:2020
1044:2020
546:2020
346:and
329:The
279:Sura
126:Died
108:Born
407:of
283:Mar
239:of
78:578
57:See
2246::
1054:.
1032:.
975:^
822:^
807:^
766:^
751:^
712:^
661:^
644:^
603:^
588:^
571:^
554:^
537:.
511:^
492::
377:.
155::
151:,
147::
117:,
1795:,
1309:e
1302:t
1295:v
1241:.
1199:.
1106:.
1072:.
1046:.
566:.
548:.
523:.
143:(
20:)
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