376:, and headed north along Railway Parade on her way home. Around 5:50pm, as she walked past Seaford North Reserve, she noticed a man loitering near the toilet block, and was attacked shortly after passing him. Toth was dragged towards the unlit park, but broke free after Denyer held a gun to her head, but she quickly realised it was fake. After an extended scuffle, she finally managed to break free. Shaken, and with light injuries, she ran back to the road, stopped a car, and was assisted by the driver back to her house where the police were called.
429:, had been seen driving erratically and flashing its high-beam lights. Her unlocked car was located by police the next day at nearby Madden Street, and forensics found traces of Fream's blood inside, alongside a new dent in the front, and the driver's seat pushed back. Denyer later explained how, at the milk bar, he had found her car unlocked, had climbed into the back seat, and had threatened her with the replica gun shortly after she drove from the store.
461:
also admitted being in the area of the
Stevens attack. He agreed to have his DNA collected, and early on 1 August, suspecting that the police had DNA evidence, admitted to the murders, the Toth assault, and the slasher break-ins. Denyer told detectives that he had been stalking women in the Frankston area "for years", and that the motivation for the crimes was a desire to kill from the age of 14 and a general hatred of girls and women.
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385:
8:00pm, when she still had not returned, he called her boyfriend, the police, and the local hospital seeking news of her whereabouts and possible accidents. The friend and boyfriend drove around trying to locate her, then reported her missing at
Frankston Police Station. On the afternoon of Monday 12 July, a farmer found Fream's partially covered body on Taylors Road,
460:
While his movements were being checked, he admitted to being in the vicinity of the Fream and
Russell murders at the time. Denyer was then taken to Frankston Police Station, and his videoed interview began at 9:20pm. He was unable to adequately explain the cuts and scratches the officers noticed, and
456:
Later forensic investigations of the walkway revealed three holes cut in the fence with the same tool, with blood traces on one, alongside skin and hair traces on
Russell but not belonging to the victim. Police informed investigators of the registration details, which were quickly traced to the car's
351:
Stevens had left a note that morning for her relatives, stating she would be studying at either the TAFE or city library and would be home at 8:00pm. When
Stevens failed to arrive home, her relatives initially thought she may simply be running late. At 10:30pm, her uncle began driving around the area
343:
As she turned into
Paterson Avenue, she was grabbed from behind and threatened with what looked like a gun. Stevens screamed. Her screams were not heard by anyone due to heavy rain and wind. She was told to be quiet and then escorted down Paterson Avenue. Her assailant held her hand so as not to draw
316:
In the bathroom, police found Vane's two kittens also with their throats cut floating in the bath. Shaving cream had been sprayed over a mirror in the bedroom and more pornographic images had been posted over a wardrobe. These images had been slashed, as had other furniture. The intruder had placed a
320:
Unwilling to stay at the unit, she moved in with her sister, who was living in the unit next to Denyer, and whose neighbour had also recently been the victim of a break-in slasher. After Denyer's arrest, he admitted to police he was responsible for the break-in, vandalism, and murdering Vanes’ cats.
469:
Denyer was charged with three murder counts and one of abduction, charges to which he later pleaded guilty and did not contest. Psychologists and experts examined Denyer, noting a lack of emotion regarding the crimes, a single-minded desire to kill, and the unusual randomness by which victims were
432:
After the second attack, and with Toth's description, she described her attacker as 18–20 years old, 180 cm tall, with a round face and blue-eyes, police drew up a profile of the suspect: a male, likely unemployed or with a menial job, likely a local resident, aged 18–24, average looking, and
408:
At 8:00pm, Russell was reported missing to
Frankston Police Station, and a police search soon found her body. She had been dragged from the path through a large hole in a wire fence into adjacent scrub. She had died in a similar manner to the others. During the attack she had put up a considerable
347:
The pair arrived at Lloyd Park
Reserve. Stevens was at first sexually propositioned, then told he was no sexual threat. Stevens was strangled, stabbed, and had her throat cut. Her killer then stomped on her face, breaking several of her facial bones, then dragged a short distance to a culvert. She
312:
After being out for approximately an hour, they returned to the unit. After seeing blood on the floor and noticing that one of the cats was dead, the police were called. A police officer arrived and discovered the cat had been killed and dissected. A pornographic image had been placed on its body.
478:
He found intentional maltreatment of victims intensely gratifying taking pleasure in torment, anguish, distress, hopelessness and suffering of the victim. In contrast to simple anger, the behaviour of a sadistic personality is fully premeditated. He is not suddenly exploding with rage...The more
363:
An extensive search was undertaken of the area both where the body was located and surrounding streets. A bag with books and documents in the name of
Stevens was discovered, as was the blade of a knife. Every resident in the local vicinity was spoken to. Police rode the local bus to see if anyone
421:
Police became involved with the case after the incidents at Denyer's block of units, where the first slasher break-in occurred, and at Vanes' unit in
February 1993. The murder of Stevens was the first incident to attract a large investigation, as did the disappearance of Fream, when a search was
384:
That same night, the second murder victim, 22-year-old Deborah Fream who lived near Kananook Station, Seaford, was abducted in her car in the early evening. She had left her 12-day-old son at home with a male friend when she went out at 7:00pm on a short trip to buy some milk for an omelette. By
452:
without number plates parked near Nat's Track on Skye Road, with a man using binoculars, acting suspiciously inside. As she stopped at a house to call police, she noticed Russell approaching the track alone, observed by the suspicious man, who then ran up the track. Police responded, noted the
444:
in 1992. In the lead up to the murder of Russell, 200 investigators were in the process of visiting 4,700 homes triangulated on Madden Street, Frankston. Codenamed "Operation Pulsar" after Fream's vehicle, the door knock was at the time the largest ever conducted by Victoria Police.
289:. In February 1993, Denyer started working at a boatbuilding firm in Seaford named Pro Marine. A short time after he began work, colleagues observed him making knives at work. Denyer's employment was terminated after several months due to his failure to complete assigned tasks.
401:. At the time there was media speculation, heightened public fear, and warnings from her school. Russell usually cycled to school with her brother but was driven on this day by her mother as a precaution. Leaving school early by herself, she took her usual short cut home to
359:
that indicated Stevens had been strangled. Cuts and abrasions to the face were observed. The pathologist concluded that, in their opinion: "The cause of death was aspiration of blood and haemorrhage from stab wounds to the neck in a woman whose neck has been compressed".
352:
searching for her. The police were notified soon after and became concerned for Stevens after seeing the note she had written. Her body was discovered at around 5:00pm the following day by a man collecting pine branches. Stevens was killed only 250 metres from her home.
569:
In 2023, Denyer became eligible and applied for release on parole, but had his application denied by the Adult Parole Board of Victoria. The Parole Board notified the families of the victims, including Natalie Russell's father Brian, and Deborah Fream's son Jake.
261:, presenter John Silvester (Senior Crime Reporter, The Age, Melbourne) states that Denyer has reverted to identifying as Paul. In 2023, Denyer became eligible and applied for release on parole, but had his application denied by the Adult Parole Board of Victoria.
526:
titled "Murderer's sex change request sparks rights debate". In September 2004, news broke of a letter Denyer had sent to his estranged brother, who he had accused in his trial of sexually abusing him as a child, and sister-in-law who had re-emigrated to the UK.
557:
and rejected the idea. Prisoner support groups said that he "cannot be anything but serious" about his transition, given that it would entail personal risk. One victim's mother said Denyer's transition made her and her husband feel "sick", calling it a "stunt".
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549:
are what led him to seek revenge against women by murdering them. In "Letter 6", dated 4 February 2004, he wrote: "I committed these disgusting crimes ... not because I ever hated womankind, but because I have never really felt that I was male."
282:, and cut the throat of the family cat before hanging it in a tree. Just before turning 13, he was charged and cautioned for stealing a car. At age 15, he was arrested for assaulting a fellow student who had been forced to publicly masturbate.
277:
Denyer had difficulty fitting in among his peers in his new school, which led to problems with study and self-confidence that were worsened by significant weight gain during his teen years. At age 10, he slashed the throat of his sister's
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751:
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created a website with images of 14 letters, written by Denyer in 2003 and 2004 to another inmate, titled "The Paul Denyer Letters". On 8 April, the newspaper ran articles related to analyses of the letters and handwriting.
1617:
1989:
1959:
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Paul Charles Denyer's parents, Anthony and Maureen, met and married in London in the early 1960s before migrating to Australia in 1965. Denyer, the third of their six children, was born on 14 April 1972 in
1204:
875:
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owner, Paul Charles Denyer. Detectives visited his small unit at 186 Frankston‑Dandenong Road, Seaford, the afternoon of 31 July - a unit shared with Denyer's girlfriend, and next door to Vanes' sister.
297:
Denyer, in the years before the murders, started to stalk and attack a number of women in and around the Melbourne suburb of Frankston leading to several crimes during a five-month period in 1993.
686:
1360:
1730:
761:
436:
As media scrutiny and community concern intensified, it was becoming clearer to police that these separate incidents may be connected. Investigators also suspected they may be linked to the
1979:
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was broken into. After an anonymous threatening call, Vanes was fearful of being alone. Vanes asked her boyfriend to take her and their new-born baby out while he delivered pizzas.
1607:
793:
425:
With Fream, again, no foreign forensic evidence was found at the scene due to poor weather, but it was clear she had fought her attacker. Witnesses later recalled her car, a gray
616:
in July 2018 when Petratis was interviewed and again in September 2017 when investigator Charlie Bezzina was interviewed. In 2023, a detailed 11-part podcast by Petratis called
336:
At approximately 7:00pm on the evening of Friday 11 June 1993, Stevens alighted a bus on Cranbourne Road, the closest stop to the home she was residing in on Paterson Avenue,
1984:
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According to the first of "The Paul Denyer Letters", dated 29 November 2003, Denyer began identifying as a woman that same year. Denyer has claimed that these feelings of
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1954:
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Around this time his parents divorced. After leaving school, he had problems holding down jobs, was fired seven times, and failed a physical when trying to enter
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with no parole period. On 31 December, Denyer lodged an appeal, which was heard in July 1994 - granting him a non-parole period of 30 years, until 2023.
553:
Denyer began wearing women's clothing and cosmetics in prison, in defiance of prison orders. Medical specialists evaluated whether Denyer could receive
1949:
422:
organised and scuba divers examined the Kananook Creek. No external forensic evidence was found at the Stevens scene, and no witnesses came forward.
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957:
530:
In July 2012, Denyer again came to the attention of the media over allegations of four rapes conducted over a six-week period. In April 2013, the
364:
onboard recognised Stevens. Investigators never discovered any solid leads on Stevens' movements or discovered clues that would solve her murder.
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registration label number, door-knocked a few nearby houses, but soon had to leave to attend to another call before the man returned.
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The first known murder victim was 18-year-old Elizabeth Stevens, who had come to Melbourne from Tasmania in January 1993 to study at
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On Friday 30 July, the third and final victim, 17-year-old schoolgirl Natalie Russell, was attacked while walking home from
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The Russell attack provided police with the breakthrough they needed. At 2:30pm, a postal worker saw a rusted yellow
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405:, via a fenced walkway, now called Nat's Track in her memory, which passes between two golf courses on Skye Road.
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The first known incident attributed to Denyer occurred in February 1993, when Donna Vanes' Claude Street unit in
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389:. Like Stevens, she had been strangled (this time with a cord), savagely slashed, and her throat cut.
274:, an outer suburb of Sydney. The family moved to Victoria in 1981 due to his father's new employment.
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337:
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1911:
718:
1148:"Less than an hour after taking a life, Paul Denyer sat down to dinner at his girlfriend's house"
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suffered several post-mortem injuries, including being stabbed and slashed across the torso.
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286:
82:
1205:"Family of murdered schoolgirl warn Frankston serial killer will kill again if released"
1523:
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344:
suspicion, and several witnesses saw them walking past and assumed they were a couple.
254:
1928:
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426:
410:
223:
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Later, during his imprisonment, when aged around 30, Denyer began identifying as a
1480:"Australian True Crime: The Frankston Serial Killer: A Charlie Bezzina Case - #23"
340:, with her aunt and uncle. She had been living with the relatives for six months.
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1246:
1612:
1209:
756:
43:
846:"Frankston serial killer Paul Denyer denied parole three decades after murders"
1705:
1365:
1298:
1232:
532:
279:
128:
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with a non-parole period of 30 years for the murders of three young women in
1860:
1177:"Friend of murdered Tassie girl fights against killer Paul Denyer's release"
1084:
317:
pornographic image, which had been slashed, inside the crib of Vane's baby.
249:, but was refused permission by prison authorities to wear make-up, receive
231:
94:
17:
313:
Written in the cats blood above a stove were the words "Donna you're dead"
321:
Denyer stated to police that had Vanes been home, he'd have murdered her.
1731:"Serial killer Paul Denyer defies prison order to stop dressing as woman"
1064:
356:
333:. She had moved to Melbourne to study in order to join the armed forces.
1608:"Serial killer Paul Denyer quizzed on four jail rapes in just six weeks"
1066:
The Frankston murders : the true story of serial killer Paul Denyer
687:"Serial killer Paul Denyer quizzed on four jail rapes in just six weeks"
495:. On 20 December 1993, after four days of hearings, he was sentenced in
1916:
1579:
1551:
1237:
901:
826:
Carlyon, Terry (director), Silvester, John (presenter/narrator (2022).
723:
664:
Carlyon, Terry (director), Silvester, John (presenter/narrator (2022).
522:. In January 2004, after 10 years in jail, Denyer was the subject of a
1361:"Parents of murdered teen Natalie Russell thank community 20 years on"
372:
A month later, on Thursday 8 July, 41-year-old Rosza Toth alighted at
1514:"The 7.30 Report: Murderer's sex change request sparks rights debate"
144:
124:
78:
587:
The Frankston Murders – the true story of serial killer, Paul Denyer
489:
During examination, he admitted being influenced by the 1987 film,
1843:
The Frankston Murders: The True Story of Serial Killer Paul Denyer
987:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 10: We need to talk about Denyer"
355:
At the post-mortem, the examining forensic pathologist noticed
1422:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 6: Natalie, the final victim"
1990:
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Victoria (state)
1268:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 2: Stalking turns to murder"
1960:
Australian prisoners sentenced to multiple life sentences
1788:
The Frankston Serial Killer: A Charlie Bezzina Case - #23
1762:"Frankston serial killer Paul Denyer to stay behind bars"
1396:"The Frankston Murders: 25 Years On with Vikki Petraitis"
876:"Frankston serial killer Paul Denyer's parole bid denied"
1332:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 3: Attempted abduction"
484:
Dr Ian Joblin - Denyer's treating forensic psychologist
1912:"Why triple-killer Paul Denyer must never be released"
821:
819:
238:
as his crimes occurred in the neighbouring suburbs of
1450:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 5: The investigation"
592:"The Frankston Murders and The Paedophile Witch" in
234:, in 1993. Denyer became known in the media as the
192:
184:
172:
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156:
151:
134:
120:
108:
100:
90:
53:
34:
1871:I Always Wanted To Kill: Paul Denyer Serial Killer
1702:I Always Wanted To Kill: Paul Denyer Serial Killer
1012:"The Frankston Murders: Episode 1: In the lead up"
794:"Paul Charles Denyer -The Frankston Serial Killer"
685:
561:Denyer has since reverted to identifying as Paul.
226:currently serving three consecutive sentences of
479:aggressive he became, the more powerful he felt.
1114:"Case 23: The Frankston Serial Killer (Part 1)"
950:"Case 23: The Frankston Serial Killer (Part 2)"
476:
1980:People convicted of murder by Victoria (state)
1297:Mitchell, Ben; Tippett, Gary (1 August 1993).
830:(Documentary). Melbourne: STAN Entertainment.
668:(Documentary). Melbourne: STAN Entertainment.
8:
1233:"For the living, the pain of death goes on"
752:"Serial killer's family: Don't let him out"
582:has written a number of texts on the case:
409:fight, which assisted investigators due to
1907:(Application for special leave to appeal).
1575:"Serial killer's family shocked by letter"
840:
838:
42:
31:
1985:People with sadistic personality disorder
253:, or legally alter his name. In the 2022
1700:Valemont, Pamela Lillian (August 2015).
1845:. Carrum Downs, Victoria: Nivar Press.
719:"Stop pandering to 'sicko', says Doyle"
680:
678:
676:
656:
1676:"Signature of a twisted serial killer"
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
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1058:
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218:(born 14 April 1972, known briefly as
1955:Australian people convicted of murder
1639:
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1373:from the original on 11 February 2018
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869:
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630:Timeline of major crimes in Australia
612:in June 2016. It was also covered by
7:
1655:from the original on 29 October 2017
1620:from the original on 28 January 2018
1587:from the original on 29 January 2018
1124:from the original on 27 January 2018
960:from the original on 27 January 2018
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
713:
711:
1069:. Carrum Downs, Vic.: Nivar Press.
222:whilst in prison) is an Australian
1231:Attwood, Alan (15 December 1993).
1203:Lang, Adelaide (27 October 2022).
645:Tynong North and Frankston Murders
600:The Frankston Murders: 25 Years On
499:to three consecutive sentences of
470:chosen, leading to a diagnosis of
104:The Frankston Serial Killer, Paula
25:
1146:Jepsen, Belinda (7 August 2021).
696:. Sydney, Australia. 25 July 2012
438:disappearance of Sarah MacDiarmid
368:Attempted abduction of Rosza Toth
1950:Australian murderers of children
1359:Schefman, Lisa (5 August 2013).
874:Travers, Brianna (10 May 2023).
731:from the original on 16 May 2006
301:Break-ins and killing of animals
1760:Silvester, John (10 May 2023).
1741:from the original on 3 May 2018
1512:Gearin, Mary (9 January 2004).
750:Deery, Shannon (21 July 2011).
1175:Wilson, Amber (3 March 2023).
413:being available at the scene.
1:
1897:"The Queen v Denyer M77/1994"
1674:Hunt, Elissa (9 April 2013).
1547:"Portrait of a Serial Killer"
1545:Munro, Ian (28 August 1994).
1400:Australian True Crime Podcast
897:"Portrait of a Serial Killer"
895:Munro, Ian (28 August 1994).
506:Denyer was initially sent to
472:sadistic personality disorder
272:Campbelltown, New South Wales
1299:"Squads knock on 4700 doors"
1118:Casefile: True Crime Podcast
954:Casefile: True Crime Podcast
1729:Kaila, Jon (8 April 2013).
1606:Dunn, Mark (26 July 2012).
798:Aussie Criminals and Crooks
609:Casefile True Crime Podcast
325:Murder of Elizabeth Stevens
2006:
1945:Australian serial killers
1940:1993 murders in Australia
1868:Valemont, Pamela (2015).
1645:"The Paul Denyer Letters"
1063:Petraitis, Vikki (1995).
497:Melbourne's Supreme Court
393:Murder of Natalie Russell
209:
116:
41:
1965:Criminals from Melbourne
606:The case was covered by
555:sex reassignment surgery
474:but not legal insanity.
442:murder of Michelle Brown
251:sex reassignment surgery
27:Australian serial killer
1902:High Court of Australia
1809:"The Frankston Murders"
792:Robbo (20 April 2012).
380:Murder of Deborah Fream
374:Seaford railway station
236:Frankston Serial Killer
635:Crawford family murder
518:, and is currently at
487:
465:Trial and imprisonment
357:petechial haemorrhages
198:31 July 1993
160:11 June – 30 July 1993
1583:. 30 September 2004.
1320:– via Proquest.
1256:– via Proquest.
618:The Frankston Murders
614:Australian True Crime
828:No Mercy, No Remorse
510:, where he friended
259:No Mercy, No Remorse
1975:Murder in Melbourne
764:on 15 December 2018
693:The Daily Telegraph
666:No Mercy, No Remose
520:Port Phillip Prison
216:Paul Charles Denyer
58:Paul Charles Denyer
48:Pictured in custody
1920:. 14 January 2004.
1486:. 7 September 2017
640:Crime in Australia
578:Australian author
1881:978-1-32617-664-8
501:life imprisonment
399:John Paul College
247:transgender woman
228:life imprisonment
213:
212:
139:Life imprisonment
16:(Redirected from
1997:
1921:
1906:
1905:. 17 March 1995.
1885:
1864:
1839:Petraitis, Vikki
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1522:. Archived from
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1120:. 19 June 2016.
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956:. 26 June 2016.
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800:. Archived from
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760:. Archived from
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727:. 28 June 2004.
715:
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671:
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547:gender dysphoria
516:HM Prison Barwon
485:
440:in 1990 and the
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194:Date apprehended
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101:Other names
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1832:Further reading
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1815:. 29 March 2023
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68:14 April 1972
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1817:. Retrieved
1812:
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1792:, retrieved
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1743:. Retrieved
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1611:
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1589:. Retrieved
1578:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1555:. p. 48
1550:
1540:
1530:14 September
1528:. Retrieved
1524:the original
1517:
1488:. Retrieved
1483:
1457:. Retrieved
1453:
1429:. Retrieved
1425:
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1375:. Retrieved
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1117:
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962:. Retrieved
953:
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905:. p. 48
900:
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849:
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806:. Retrieved
802:the original
797:
766:. Retrieved
762:the original
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735:14 September
733:. Retrieved
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75:Campbelltown
29:
18:Paula Denyer
1935:1972 births
1745:26 November
1613:News.com.au
1210:News.com.au
1182:The Mercury
757:AdelaideNow
524:7:30 Report
512:Robert Lowe
91:Nationality
85:, Australia
36:Paul Denyer
1929:Categories
1794:16 October
1735:Herald Sun
1706:Lulu Press
1685:28 January
1680:Herald Sun
1659:28 January
1649:Herald Sun
1624:28 January
1591:28 January
1406:15 October
1377:27 January
1366:Herald Sun
1311:2521885082
1247:2521910771
1128:26 January
964:26 January
808:28 January
768:28 January
651:References
533:Herald Sun
514:, then to
338:Langwarrin
265:Early life
202:1993-07-31
145:non-parole
112:In custody
95:Australian
64:1972-04-14
280:Care bear
240:Frankston
232:Melbourne
168:Australia
129:abduction
1861:35655011
1841:(1995).
1739:Archived
1653:Archived
1618:Archived
1585:Archived
1559:17 April
1490:30 March
1371:Archived
1316:20 April
1307:ProQuest
1252:20 April
1243:ProQuest
1216:20 April
1188:20 April
1157:20 April
1122:Archived
1085:35655011
958:Archived
909:17 April
850:ABC News
729:Archived
624:See also
482:—
179:Victoria
174:State(s)
1917:The Age
1819:3 April
1766:The Age
1580:The Age
1552:The Age
1459:3 April
1431:4 April
1341:3 April
1303:The Age
1277:3 April
1238:The Age
1152:Mamamia
1021:3 April
996:4 April
902:The Age
724:The Age
700:5 April
307:Seaford
200: (
165:Country
152:Details
135:Penalty
1878:
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1771:10 May
1712:
1519:ABC TV
1309:
1245:
1083:
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856:10 May
602:, 2018
596:, 2008
589:, 1995
293:Crimes
185:Killed
147:period
125:Murder
79:Sydney
574:Media
220:Paula
1876:ISBN
1857:OCLC
1847:ISBN
1821:2024
1796:2020
1773:2023
1747:2019
1710:ISBN
1687:2018
1661:2018
1626:2018
1593:2018
1561:2023
1532:2008
1492:2020
1461:2024
1433:2024
1408:2020
1379:2018
1343:2024
1318:2023
1279:2024
1254:2023
1218:2023
1190:2023
1159:2023
1130:2018
1081:OCLC
1071:ISBN
1023:2024
998:2024
966:2018
911:2023
858:2023
810:2018
770:2018
737:2008
702:2017
255:Stan
157:Date
127:x3;
54:Born
508:MAP
141:x3;
1931::
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188:3
62:(
20:)
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