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902:. At this point in the battle, the Raiders had the capacity to reach the road and cut the 4th Army's main supply in line. However, due to the lack of coordination between the Western Front's attack and Belov, the Germans managed to create an operational reserve from the infantry and Panzer forces. This established a defensive line to protect the Fourth Army's key lines of communication. While the raid was not an unqualified success, it did disrupt the German war plan at the operational level between February and July 1942.
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with nothing more than anti-tank rifles, rifle grenades, and
Molotov cocktails. The cavalry received only limited support after the initial breakthrough. German air superiority even in bad weather forced the cavalry to conduct their movements at night. Limited supplies were flown into area at night but the reader is primarily left of the land independent and Partizan support for supplies and medical aid. Soviet air support did, however, evacuate 3000 wounded, and ultimately Belov escaped via air.
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797:", Pavel Belov and the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps are given significant attention for their heroic actions. This footage demonstrated to the world that the proper and skillful use of cavalry could destroy even the best German armored units. The documentary became an instant hit showing the realities of war, winning
444:
Pavel Belov was greatly respected among his peers as a general who truly cared about his soldiers. He often refused to send his units into pointless attacks that his superiors often demanded. This could explain why he was only awarded the Gold star in 1944, considering his admiration by the foe along
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The main weakness of the cavalry force operating behind German lines was its lack of fire support. Horse
Artillery was often unable to keep pace with the cavalry due to extreme winter weather conditions. The absence of tanks and anti-tank artillery often left troops to engage German armored vehicles
705:'s support, directly to Stalin for the rearmament of his corps. Belov's men were armed primarily with rifles, giving the German infantry a clear advantage. After Belov's meeting with Stalin, he was promised 1,500 automatic weapons and two new batteries of new 76mm guns to replace his worn-out guns.
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Belov recognized this reality early on when his men emerged from the forest and their first probing attacks against the hastily erected German defenses were repulsed. His request to bypass these defenses to the west and in conjunction with the 11th cavalry Corps to cut the railroad feeding the city
804:
The winter of 1941-1942 was extremely severe. Mean temperatures near Moscow during
January 1942 were -32 °F or -35 °C with the lowest temperature recorded on 26 January 1941 -63 °F/-52 °C. In the counterattack and the general offensive of Soviet troops in the western direction,
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The cavalry corps heroically held its position after many German counter-attacks. They became the first Allied units to begin the first counter-attack on the night of 27–28 November, thus leading the Soviet forces as the vanguard. On the eve of 5 December, the 1st Guards
Cavalry Corps, reinforced
889:
The
January to February 1942 raids initially almost succeeded in isolating and destroying the fourth army and crippling Army group centre. The blame for ultimately failing to achieve this objective is STAVKA's for selecting an operational objective not suited to the forces employed. The original
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in June 1921. In
September of that year, he was transferred to the 14th Cavalry Division to serve as assistant commander of its 82nd Cavalry Regiment, and was later appointed commander of the 81st Cavalry Regiment. After graduating from the Cavalry Improvement Course for Senior Commanders of the
338:
and personally led the longest successful war raid, lasting five months behind the German lines. He has earned legendary status and could be considered one of the greatest cavalry generals. Considering his accomplishments from 1941-1945, his adaptation of combining horses, tanks, artillery, and
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870:
The episode caused many humorous remarks at the time and the motorized troops which had taken part in the operations became the butt of those jokes. I admire
General Belov as a soldier and I was secretly glad he escaped. It was said he was received with all honors in Moscow and rightly
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primary goal was to cut the
Smolensk railroad and not to capture Vyazma. The 1st Guards Cavalry Corps and 11th Cavalry Corps were lightly armoured, and winter conditions prevented the limited artillery from keeping pace with the riflemen and horsemen. As penetration developed,
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934:: from September 26 to October 1, 1943, formations and units of the army crossed the Dnieper near the village of Lubech and captured the bridgehead on the right bank. For the successful crossing of the Dnieper, Belov was awarded the title of
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Cav Corps Belov has again broken out and is moving in the direction of Kirov. Nothing we could brag about. Cav Corps Belov is now floating around the area west of Kirov. Quite a man, that we have to send no less than seven divisions after
776:, which unsuccessfully was trying to take the city. The cavalry used outflanking maneuvers to take both parts I and II of the industrial city in four days of intense fighting. Some local citizens also actively participated in the battle.
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in the vicinity of
Gritchino. On the Corps' western flank was the 50th Army successfully defending Tula. The 50th Army attacked along with the 10th Army, which covered Belov's eastern flank. The forces smashed against the German
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in
September 1941. The mud-caused quagmire was also a factor in the Soviet Army's failure to support Belov's 1st Guards Cavalry Corps' return to friendly lines after its five-month raid behind enemy German lines in April 1942.
362:' designations. The newly established cavalry corps was pivotal in stopping Guderian's Panzers in 1941 on the southern outposts of Moscow near the town of Kashira. His unit was the first to start the counterattack in the
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Belov was one of the few generals not affected by Stalin's military purges despite having a Polish wife. From the first days, he demonstrated effective tactics against the onslaught of the Blitzkrieg, along with
844:, repeatedly mentions the general in his diaries (much more often than any of the Soviet commanders), giving his actions a positive characterization. On June 16, General Halder wrote in his operations diary:
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646:-Shtepovka, and even launched a strong counterattack in this area, which made it possible to save part of the encircled troops. During the summer-autumn battles of 1941, he was awarded the Order of Lenin.
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The 1st Guards Cavalry Corps escaped the pocket, although the 11th Cavalry Corps did not. The conclusion of Operations Hannover I and II allowed Army Group Centre to focus its efforts on liquidating the
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blew up a dam, hoping to stop or slow Belov. However, due to the cold, the water quickly froze, and Belov's forces continued to pursue. Eventually, with the success of the 10th and 50th Armies, the
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on the southern flank of Moscow, thus saving both Moscow and besieged Tula. Guderian's penetration had culminated by forming a salient north-east of Tula, threatening the towns of Kashira and
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441:, which Belov's forces unsuccessfully tried to save. Stalin called his unit the "Fire Squad," as they were often thrown into the most challenging positions, expecting to save the situation.
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was poised to enter Moscow from the south and south-west. Guderian had attempted to seize Tula from the rear and was strung out without reserves. The corps, along with the
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894:' mission was changed to capturing Vyazma; however, the lightly armed cavalry and paratroopers never had sufficient combat power to capture this important supply centre.
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1101:
544:. After serving as assistant chief of the 4th department of the staff of the district from May 1929, in June 1931 Belov became an officer for special assignments under
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was able to drive the Germans the furthest from Moscow, as far as 250 km. This event caused Hitler to sack Heinz Guderian on 25 December 1941. In the documentary "
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in August 1927, Belov was appointed commander of the 60th Separate Reserve Squadron of the 10th Cavalry Division (renumbered from the 14th), now stationed in the
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421:. General Belov is mentioned more than any Allied General in the memoir of Franz Halder the chief of staff of the Army High Command (OKH) in Nazi Germany.
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653:. These muddy periods are of particular interest because they enhanced the operations of the Belov's cavalry as it defeated the bogged down German
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in the 4th Reserve Cavalry Regiment. After graduating from the regimental training detachment in February 1917, he was sent to serve as a junior
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aircraft on a modern battlefield resulted in the victory against a more technologically advanced enemy, often in the most desperate parts of the
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The new honorific title did not come with new weapons. On the eve of the Moscow counter-offensive, Belov made a personal appeal, with Marshal
626:, completing a number of combat missions to quickly cover the front of the 9th and 18th armies of the Southern Front and hold the line on the
761:, which saw many towns and villages liberated. Many Soviet soldiers saw the horrors behind the rear; this motivated many to fight harder.
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809:(1942), being surrounded, Belov fought in the enemy's rear for more than five months. Belov's 1st Guards Cavalry Corps, along with the
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567:, in January 1934, serving as assistant commander and later succeeding to the command of the division. Having received the rank of
366:. Following the winter counterattack, they penetrated deep into the enemy rear, getting cut off from the rest of the army. During
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998:). Belov retired from the military in 1960 and died on 3 December three years later. He was buried with military honors at the
552:. In September 1932 he was appointed assistant inspector of cavalry with the Cavalry Inspectorate, before graduating from the
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in June 1940 when the army introduced general officer ranks, and in October of that year was appointed commander of the
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One sign of Belov's merits at the initial stage of the war may be the fact that the chief of the General Staff of the
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519:. Belov became secretary of the party bureau and regimental adjutant in May, and in October was transferred to the
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the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps under the command of Belov distinguished itself more than once in battles: after the
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from July 1919, and in February 1920 transferred to command a platoon of the 1st Reserve Cavalry Regiment of the
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After the end of the war, Belov was appointed assistant commander of the 1st Reserve Cavalry Regiment of the
413:, was responsible for encircling the German capital from the north, meeting the Americans on the Elbe in the
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479:. Due to his above-average education, Belov was selected for a preparatory course at the 2nd Kyiv School of
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to defend the approaches to Moscow. By late October, after fighting on the flanks of the German assault at
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on 18 February 1897 to a working-class family, Pavel Alexeyevich Belov worked at the railway station in
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for ten years. He then chaired the Voluntary Association for Support of the Army, Air Force, and Navy (
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when the Red Army introduced personal military ranks in November 1935, he became chief of staff of the
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The former Chief of staff of the Fourth Army wrote an appropriate tribute to Belov's accomplishments.
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Soviet Cavalry Operations During The Second World War: The Genesis Of The Operational Manoeuvre Group
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in size of 2 500 km/1 553 mile² area. In his pocket, Belov mustered 2000 men from the cavalry,
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397:, where his units helped to liberate the Fortress of Brest. Later the units participated in the
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1371:[Belov, Pavel Alexeyevich] (in Russian). Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
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After returning from the raid in the summer of 1942, he was promoted and given command of the
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During the October 1941 German offensive towards Moscow, Army Group Center was stuck in the
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While the Corps was pushing further toward the southwest, the German 17th Panzer Division,
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in July and August 1943. Commanding the 61st Army, Belov especially proved himself in the
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370:, Belov would lead a successful five-month raid with the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps behind
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523:, serving there as a squadron commander of the 1st and 2nd Reserve Cavalry Regiments.
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1044:(11 June 1941, 2 January 1942, 15 January 1944, 21 February 1945, 28 February 1957)
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and internationally winning the 15th Academy Awards for Best Documentary in 1942.
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437:. The unit additionally played a rescue role for the many trapped troops in the
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417:. Overall he is considered one of the most talented and daring generals of the
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323:(Russian: Павел Алексеевич Белов; 18 February 1897 – 3 December 1963) was a
712:, the German code-name for the assault on Moscow, particularly in stopping
918:. The army fought defensive and offensive battles south and south-west of
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Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
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814:
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Battleground Prussia: The Assault on Germany's Eastern Front 1944-45
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Belov did it, after all, keeping seven German divisions on the jump.
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on 26 November, it was renamed and given the honor of becoming the
951:
939:
675:
643:
1074:, 1st class, thrice (23 August 1944, 6 April 1945, 29 May 1945)
830:
635:
1177:
Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army"
914:
From June 1942 until the end of the war, Belov commanded the
381:, which he led for the rest of the war. Finishing the war in
1631:
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Grunwald, 3rd class
764:
The Guards then liberated the important industrial city of
486:
in September. Granted leave in late November following the
1059:, thrice (11 December 1941, 13 March 1944, 20 June 1949)
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Fifth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities
1207:
Jubilee Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
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Fourth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
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Second convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
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on the Elbe River; his successor of the Corps became
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Third convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
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Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy"
278:
252:
211:
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187:
159:
104:
84:
57:
41:
690:to be rebuilt. On 26 November, it was renamed the
346:At the beginning of the war, Belov commanded the
622:began, Belov led the corps in fighting on the
449:Early life, World War I, and Russian Civil War
1621:Recipients of the Order of Kutuzov, 1st class
1616:Recipients of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class
445:with his accomplishments on the battlefield.
429:earning the first tactical victories for the
8:
1363:
1361:
1359:
409:in early 1945. The 61st Army, alongside the
601:. In March 1941 he advanced to command the
389:. Belov's command of the Army included the
1102:Medal "To a Partisan of the Patriotic War"
962:offensive operations, the blocking of the
938:. Subsequently, the army took part in the
686:was withdrawn from the line and send into
49:
38:
1611:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
1591:Soviet military personnel of World War II
1581:Russian military personnel of World War I
1501:"Belov, Pavel Alekseyevich (1897 - 1962)"
1586:People of the Soviet invasion of Poland
1398:
1355:
1300:Medal "For Oder, Neisse and the Baltic"
630:. He conducted a fighting retreat from
405:, followed by the defeat of the German
1433:
1421:
694:. The corps' divisions also received '
577:in July 1937, and participated in the
475:with the 7th Marching Squadron of the
708:He played a crucial role in stopping
7:
1147:Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw"
813:, controlled a pocket from south of
490:, Belov did not return to the army.
334:. He was nicknamed the "Fox" by the
25:
1132:Medal "For the Capture of Berlin"
1117:Medal "For the Defence of Moscow"
1606:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
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768:after coming to the help of the
538:North Caucasus Military District
239:North Caucasus Military District
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1636:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
1626:Knights of the Virtuti Militari
1104:, 1st class (7 September 1943)
922:until mid-1943. As part of the
581:in September 1939. Promoted to
548:, who was then a member of the
393:in 1943. Later he took part in
358:, the divisions also received '
1596:Russian people of World War II
1576:Frunze Military Academy alumni
599:Kiev Special Military District
550:Revolutionary Military Council
1:
1089:, 1st class (27 August 1943)
565:Belorussian Military District
1477:. Pen & Sword Military.
1285:Medal "For Warsaw 1939-1945"
992:South Ural Military District
670:had been transferred to the
595:96th Mountain Rifle Division
465:in May 1916, Belov became a
244:South Ural Military District
926:, they participated in the
785:the 29th Motorized Division
666:In September 1941, Belov's
561:7th Samara Cavalry Division
509:Yaroslavl Military District
1652:
1601:Heroes of the Soviet Union
1345:Viktor Kirillovich Baranov
662:Battle of Moscow and Rzhev
387:Viktor Kirillovich Baranov
119:Russian Empire (1916–1917)
29:
1541:People from Shuysky Uyezd
579:Soviet invasion of Poland
141:Soviet Russia (1918–1922)
48:
27:Soviet military commander
1499:Tucker, Spencer (2011).
1369:"Белов Павел Алексеевич"
1026:Hero of the Soviet Union
936:Hero of the Soviet Union
892:1st Guards Cavalry Corps
789:1st Guards Cavalry Corps
692:1st Guards Cavalry Corps
542:Moscow Military District
501:, Belov was appointed a
497:in July 1918 during the
356:1st Guards Cavalry Corps
332:Hero of the Soviet Union
286:Hero of the Soviet Union
223:1st Guards Cavalry Corps
152:Soviet Union (1922–1960)
1571:Soviet colonel generals
1057:Order of the Red Banner
755:17th Motorized Division
655:25th Motorized Division
554:Frunze Military Academy
461:. Conscripted into the
321:Pavel Alexeyevich Belov
297:Order of the Red Banner
130:Russian Republic (1917)
43:Pavel Alexeyevich Belov
32:Pavel Belov (physicist)
30:For the scientist, see
18:Pavel Alexeyevich Belov
1330:Konstantin Rokossovsky
1249:Knight's Cross of the
978:offensive operations.
932:battle for the Dnieper
875:
855:
807:Rzhev-Vyazma operation
716:'s Panzers outside of
559:Belov was sent to the
533:2nd Don Rifle Division
1473:Harrel, John (2019).
1458:. Osprey Publishing.
1454:Buttar, Prit (2012).
1272:, 3rd class (Poland)
866:
846:
493:Conscripted into the
463:Imperial Russian Army
234:Don Military District
188:Years of service
169:Russian Imperial Army
1000:Novodevichy Cemetery
910:From Kursk to Berlin
770:330th Rifle Division
759:18th Panzer Division
751:17th Panzer Division
746:173rd Rifle Division
620:Operation Barbarossa
614:Operation Barbarossa
477:17th Hussar Regiment
407:Pomeranian offensive
383:the Battle of Berlin
75:Vladimir Governorate
1231:Order of Sukhbaatar
990:, he commanded the
857:Halder also wrote "
794:Moscow Strikes Back
563:, stationed in the
395:Operation Bagration
368:the Battle of Rzhev
325:Soviet Army colonel
1028:(15 January 1944)
880:11th Cavalry Corps
507:instructor in the
488:October Revolution
459:Ivanovo-Voznesensk
1536:People from Shuya
1306:
1305:
1270:Cross of Grunwald
1213:
1212:
1006:Awards and honors
710:Operation Typhoon
698:' designations.
684:2nd Cavalry Corps
668:2nd Cavalry Corps
605:of the district.
603:2nd Cavalry Corps
587:, Belov became a
575:5th Cavalry Corps
499:Russian Civil War
372:Army Group Center
348:2nd Cavalry Corps
318:
317:
265:Russian Civil War
219:2nd Cavalry Corps
16:(Redirected from
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1173:
1158:
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1128:
1113:
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1087:Order of Kutuzov
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1072:Order of Suvorov
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1037:
1022:
1015:
1014:
799:the Stalin Prize
742:9th Tank Brigade
419:Second World War
415:Battle of Berlin
364:Battle of Moscow
352:Battle of Moscow
309:Order of Kutuzov
303:Order of Suvorov
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68:18 February 1897
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1042:Orders of Lenin
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972:East Pomeranian
928:Oryol Operation
912:
900:Marshall Zhukov
783:, and parts of
726:2nd Panzer Army
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616:
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546:Semyon Budyonny
529:
527:Interwar period
521:Caucasian Front
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411:1st Polish Army
403:Courland Pocket
391:Battle of Kursk
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305:, 1st class (3)
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206:Colonel General
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88:3 December 1963
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1484:978-1849087902
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1465:978-1849087902
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964:Courland group
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898:was denied by
829:heavy and one
781:167th Division
714:Heinz Guderian
688:Stavka Reserve
663:
660:
640:Kiev operation
624:Southern Front
615:
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517:Southern Front
450:
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439:Battle of Kyiv
399:Riga Offensive
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965:
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672:Western Front
669:
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638:. During the
637:
633:
629:
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621:
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590:major general
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472:unter-ofitser
468:
464:
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448:
446:
442:
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436:
435:Uman disaster
432:
428:
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408:
404:
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396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
350:. During the
349:
344:
342:
341:Eastern Front
337:
333:
329:
326:
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310:
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60:
56:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1505:. Retrieved
1474:
1455:
1429:
1373:. Retrieved
988:World War II
985:
948:Kalinkovichi
913:
904:
896:
888:
876:
869:
867:
863:
858:
856:
849:
847:
842:Franz Halder
835:
803:
792:
778:
766:Stalinogorsk
763:
738:
707:
700:
665:
648:
617:
609:World War II
588:
582:
568:
558:
530:
502:
492:
482:Praporshchik
481:
470:
452:
443:
423:
376:
345:
320:
319:
270:World War II
253:Battles/wars
99:Soviet Union
90:(1963-12-03)
36:
1531:1963 deaths
1526:1897 births
1434:Buttar 2012
1422:Harrel 2019
1399:Tucker 2011
1340:Issa Pliyev
1335:Lev Dovator
956:Belorussian
427:Lev Dovator
311:, 1st class
260:World War I
178:Soviet Army
1546:Bolsheviks
1520:Categories
1503:. ABC-CLIO
1351:References
1325:Ivan Konev
757:, and the
651:rasputitsa
180:from 1946)
105:Allegiance
64:1897-02-18
1302:(Poland)
1287:(Poland)
966:, in the
916:61st Army
884:39th Army
838:Wehrmacht
823:partisans
811:33rd Army
774:10th Army
740:with the
734:10th Army
730:50th Army
556:in 1933.
504:Vsevobuch
379:61st Army
229:61st Army
194:1916–1960
1309:See also
1235:Mongolia
944:Rechitsa
815:Smolensk
632:Tiraspol
628:Dniester
495:Red Army
453:Born in
431:Red Army
221:(became
212:Commands
174:Red Army
160:Service/
1448:Printed
1443:Sources
1209:(1958)
1194:(1948)
1179:(1938)
1164:(1945)
1149:(1945)
1134:(1945)
1119:(1944)
982:Postwar
772:of the
718:Kashira
597:of the
570:kombrig
467:private
401:in the
336:Germans
328:general
1507:29 May
1493:Online
1481:
1462:
1375:30 May
1255:Poland
996:DOSAAF
986:After
976:Berlin
819:Vyazma
724:. The
722:Riazan
703:Zhukov
696:Guards
682:, the
618:After
584:komdiv
513:Tambov
360:Guards
330:and a
279:Awards
162:branch
150:
139:
128:
117:
95:Moscow
1040:Five
952:Mozyr
940:Gomel
644:Romny
455:Shuya
71:Shuya
1509:2015
1479:ISBN
1460:ISBN
1377:2020
1011:USSR
974:and
960:Riga
920:Bely
882:and
851:him.
831:T-34
732:and
680:Tula
678:and
676:Orel
636:Kiev
202:Rank
85:Died
58:Born
871:so.
853:"
634:to
343:.
299:(3)
293:(4)
1522::
1406:^
1385:^
1358:^
1257:)
1237:)
1002:.
970:,
958:,
954:,
946:,
886:.
873:"
861:"
840:,
827:KV
753:,
374:.
97:,
77:,
73:,
1511:.
1487:.
1468:.
1424:.
1401:.
1379:.
1253:(
1233:(
950:-
942:-
868:"
848:"
817:-
484:s
225:)
176:(
66:)
62:(
34:.
20:)
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