371:
382:
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36:
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moved to have a direct view of the presiding deity. Muthupandal festival celebrated in the temple is associated with the legend. Somanathaswami temple is a temple built during the regime of
Rajaraja Chola and has inscriptions indicating gifts to the temple by Kundavai Nachiyar, the sister of the
128:. There are a number of villages within the area of historic Pazhaiyarai. The place was called Ayiratalli, meaning a land of thousand temples. The place is referred under various names like Ayiratalli, Pazhayar, Ahavamallakulakalapuram and Minavanaivenkadasolapuram.
227:
Pazhayarai was originally called
Ayiratalli, meaning the land of thousand temples. Western scholars attribute different names to the place like Ariyatalli, Mudikondacholapuram and Palaiyaru. The first literary mention of Pazhayarai is found in the 7th century
329:
in 1983-4 at Nandan Medu, Keezha
Pazhayarai and Nathankoil. The excavations unearthed multiple dolmens and artefacts from the Chola regime. Though the region was predominantly occupied by Saivites and Vaishnavites, the verses from
135:
empire when it was called
Avanaiapuram. The place attained its fame when it came under the regime of the Cholas. There are a number of inscriptions from the Chola dynasty associating the importance capital during the regime of
305:, but later individual palaces were built for all the princes. Rajaraja's sister Kundavai resided in the place and continued to issue orders and grants from the palace as seen in the inscriptions.
301:(957-70). The city had palaces where members of the royal family resided even after shifting the capital to Thanjavur during the regime of Rajaraja Chola. There was only one palace for
297:(848-71), the first medieval Chola emperor, the Muttariayars were defeated and the region came under Chola territory. The place was a capital city during the regime of
321:, but the city Palayarai still retained its importance. The place started losing its importance during the late 12th to 13th centuries when the region was occupied by
536:
543:. Pazhayarai Metrali, Panchavan Madheeswaram, Brahmanandeeswaram, Darasuram temple, Brahmapureeswarar temple at Keezhakorkai are other temples in the region.
249:, which was cleared to be opened for Shiva worshippers under the influence of the saint on the ruling Muttaraiyar king. The saint went on to visit the
293:
in the 7th and 8th centuries. As per historians, the city was probably one of the capitals of their viceroys, the
Muttaraiyars. During the regime of
699:
830:
212:
with all their temples. There were four legendary temples, Vadathali, Kelthali, Metrali and
Thenthali across four sides of the city. The houses(
153:
254:
145:
809:
762:
216:) of the warriors namely Aru padai veedu, Pudhu padai Veedu, Manapadai Veedu and Pambai padai veedu.It is located on the banks of
439:, who is believed to have worshipped the presiding deity to propitiate himself off the curses due to the killing of his mother.
573:
432:
144:
dynasty, the place lost its importance. There are a number of temples associated with the place, with the major ones being
629:"Myth, Religion and Ritual and Their Role in Defining the Existence of Tanks in Kumbakonam, A South Indian Temple Town"
752:
540:
465:, unable to bear the heat, embraced Shiva, lending the name Sakthimutram (Shakti (Parvati) embracing Shiva) to the
201:
157:
326:
472:
466:
318:
161:
310:
217:
140:(957-70). It retained it importance under the subsequent Chola kings, but when it switched hands to the
121:
370:
313:
is said to have spent his last days in the city, the capital of his predecessors. During the regime of
532:
509:
495:
440:
149:
528:
443:, also called Dharmapureeswarar temple, is a Shiva temple is revered in the 7th century Saiva work
261:
is believed to have progressed in the village. The place is also called
Nandipuram, following the
640:
609:
450:
298:
274:
189:
137:
109:
49:
805:
758:
569:
517:
325:. Systematic excavation was carried out in the place by the Department of Archaeology of the
410:
302:
294:
405:
270:
205:
639:(1). International Association for the Study of Traditional Environments (IASTE): 21–22.
229:
93:
824:
97:
504:
480:
396:
278:
266:
209:
177:
725:(1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. pp. 510–1.
269:
184:
The historical village
Pazhayarai is located around 7 km (4.3 mi) from
458:
427:
as
Shenbagavalli. The original temple is believed to have been built during the
193:
113:
521:
436:
419:
381:
314:
306:
197:
185:
172:
117:
105:
101:
35:
200:. There are lot of small villages inside the historical town of Pazhayarai –
513:
500:
399:(also called Thiru Nandipura Vinnagaram Temple), dedicated to the Hindu god
258:
242:
131:
The place was originally under the rule of Muttaraiyars, the feudatories of
723:
An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam
490:
445:
343:
290:
237:
644:
628:
613:
597:
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462:
428:
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359:
335:
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132:
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dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Jagannathan and his consort
342:
statues were also found in archeological excavations, indicating that
525:
414:
400:
339:
221:
141:
125:
476:
454:
331:
246:
232:
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59:
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colonies in the region, indicating a multi cultural coexistence.
483:, is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the
289:
The city was originally an important city during the rule of
96:: பழையாறை paḻaiyāṟai) was an ancient capital of the medieval
417:
saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108
104:. The place is located around 7 km (4.3 mi) from
740:(1st ed.). Kanniyakumari: Harikumar Arts. p. 27.
277:(1063–1070) gave the name Ahavamallakulakalapuram, while
265:
king of 7th century, who is believed to have built the
665:"Quarterly Research Journal of the Tamil University".
539:
at Gangaikonda Cholapuram that are referred to as the
700:"Buddha statue found at Keezha Pazhayarai, The Hindu"
754:
Temple Imagery from Early Mediaeval Peninsular India
802:
Temples of Forgotten Glory: A Wide Angle Exposition
686:
Origin of Saivism and Its History in the Tamil Land
71:
66:
55:
45:
673:(1–2). Tañcai Tamiḻp Palkalaik Kaḻakam: 119. 1987.
667:Quarterly Research Journal of the Tamil University
596:Ayyar, Puravrittajyoti K. R. Venkatrama (1946).
281:(1070–1120) named it Minavanaivenkadasolapuram.
40:Image of Thenupuriswarar temple at Patteeswaram
499:. The temple is associated with the legend of
334:during the 7th century indicate existence of
8:
633:Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review
489:, written by Tamil saint poets known as the
21:
245:. He mentions the Saiva temple occupied by
602:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
34:
20:
220:, one of the distributaries of the river
124:, one of the distributaries of the river
627:Balasubramanian, Shanmugapriya (2016).
591:
589:
587:
585:
559:
557:
555:
551:
435:, a Shiva temple, is named after sage
317:(1012–44), the capital was shifted to
154:Panchavan Madeviyar Pallippadai Temple
257:. Amaraneethi Nayanar, one of the 63
7:
800:Venkataraman, Sekar (29 July 2019).
781:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 2004
255:Thenupuriswarar Temple, Patteeswaram
146:Thenupuriswarar Temple, Patteeswaram
608:. Indian History Congress: 160–6.
457:is believed to have appeared as a
14:
479:temple located in the village of
380:
369:
358:
120:. It is located on the banks of
804:. Notion Press. pp. 70–4.
564:Swami, Parmeshwaranand (2004).
180:after which the region is named
831:Former capital cities in India
721:R., Dr. Vijayalakshmy (2001).
433:Parasunathar Temple, Muzhaiyur
346:has flourished in the region.
253:or the western temple and the
1:
598:"Ayirattali – a Cola capital"
537:Gangaikondacholisvaram Temple
779:"Great Living Chola Temples"
566:Encyclopaedia of the Śaivism
684:K. R., Subramanian (2002).
847:
757:. Routledge. p. 257.
541:Great Living Chola Temples
273:(846–869). The Chola king
16:Ancient Chola capital city
406:Nalayira Divya Prabandham
202:Thirunandipura Vinnagaram
158:Thirunandipura Vinnagaram
33:
26:
327:Government of Tamil Nadu
751:Verma, Archana (2017).
311:Big Temple of Thanjavur
168:Geography and etymology
738:Temples in South India
473:Thenupuriswarar Temple
467:Sakthivanesvara Temple
403:, is glorified in the
319:Gangaikonda Cholapuram
299:Sundara (Parantaka II)
181:
162:Sakthivanesvara Temple
138:Sundara (Parantaka II)
409:, the early medieval
390:Temples in Pazhayarai
175:
568:. Sarup & Sons.
533:Brihadeeswara Temple
520:in the 12th century
510:Airavatesvara Temple
496:Paadal Petra Sthalam
441:Pazhayarai Vadathali
150:Pazhayarai Vadathali
529:World Heritage Site
524:is classified as a
235:canonic literature
23:
736:V., Meena (1974).
654:– via JSTOR.
616:– via JSTOR.
535:at Thanjavur, the
493:and classified as
451:Padal petra stalam
449:and classified as
275:Virarajendra Chola
190:Thanjavur district
182:
110:Thanjavur district
531:, along with the
518:Rajaraja Chola II
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453:. The Hindu god
384:
373:
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309:, who built the
303:Vijayalaya Chola
295:Vijayalaya Chola
38:
24:
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461:. His consort,
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271:Nandivarman III
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75:Medieval Cholas
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29:
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5:
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503:to whose view
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218:T.Patnam river
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122:T.Patnam river
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702:. 4 July 2023
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98:Chola dynasty
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783:. Retrieved
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685:
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660:
648:. Retrieved
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605:
601:
565:
494:
484:
481:Patteeswaram
471:
444:
420:Divya Desams
418:
404:
397:Nathan Kovil
395:
288:
279:Kulothunga I
267:Nathan Kovil
250:
236:
226:
213:
210:Patteeswaram
206:Sathi mutram
194:South Indian
188:, a town in
183:
178:Nathan Kovil
130:
114:South Indian
108:, a city in
89:
85:
81:
80:
56:Part of
18:
785:28 November
516:, built by
86:Pazhaiyarai
575:8176254274
547:References
437:Parasurama
315:Rajendra I
307:Rajaraja I
198:Tamil Nadu
186:Kumbakonam
118:Tamil Nadu
106:Kumbakonam
102:Tamil Nadu
82:Pazhayarai
22:Pazhayarai
514:Darasuram
501:Sambandar
259:Nayanmars
243:Sambandar
241:by saint
196:state of
192:, in the
176:Image of
116:state of
112:, in the
90:Palayarai
50:Thanjavur
825:Category
645:44211361
614:44137053
491:Nayanars
431:regime.
344:Buddhism
291:Pallavas
238:Thevaram
62:capitals
28:Palayaru
706:21 July
650:27 June
486:Tevaram
463:Parvati
446:Tevaram
429:Pallava
425:Lakshmi
350:Temples
323:Pandyas
285:History
263:Pallava
251:Merrali
133:Pallava
72:Periods
67:History
808:
761:
643:
612:
572:
526:UNESCO
508:king.
401:Vishnu
340:Buddha
222:Kaveri
142:Pandya
126:Kaveri
46:Region
641:JSTOR
610:JSTOR
505:Nandi
477:Shiva
455:Shiva
415:Alvar
411:Tamil
336:Jaina
332:Appar
247:Jains
233:Saiva
230:Tamil
214:veedu
94:Tamil
60:Chola
806:ISBN
787:2015
759:ISBN
708:2023
652:2021
570:ISBN
475:, a
160:and
512:at
100:in
88:or
84:or
827::
669:.
637:28
635:.
631:.
604:.
600:.
584:^
554:^
522:CE
469:.
224:.
208:,
204:,
164:.
156:,
152:,
148:,
814:.
789:.
767:.
710:.
671:5
606:9
578:.
92:(
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