827:
3147:
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3194:
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3178:
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1718:
3108:
1142:
3213:
3159:
1826:
77:
2244:
2214:. This took place on the fifth day of the first lunar month, two days before the predicted end of the battle. The branch of peach flowers that was sent from the north to the centre of Vietnam was not only a message of victory from the Emperor to his consort, but also the start of a new spring of peace and happiness for all the Vietnamese people. In addition, since the land of Nhật Tân had freely given that very branch of peach flowers to the Emperor, it became the loyal garden of his dynasty.
1089:
3129:
2144:
1633:
1012:
59:
95:
1249:
3120:
3078:
6572:
3138:
2317:
651:
1339:
1790:
1772:
3099:
1808:
937:
taken place in China about 4,000–5,000 years ago, the second is related to the western germplasm and is due to the early dissemination of the peach in Europe from China and the more recent breeding activities in the United States and Europe. These bottlenecks highlighted the substantial reduction of genetic diversity associated with domestication and breeding activities.
1754:
1736:
746:, while yellow-fleshed peaches typically have an acidic tang coupled with sweetness, though this also varies greatly. Both colors often have some red on their skins. Low-acid, white-fleshed peaches are the most popular kinds in China, Japan, and neighbouring Asian countries, while Europeans and North Americans have historically favoured the acidic, yellow-fleshed
2295:
attached to the fruit as the symbol for tongue, thereby implying speaking truth from one's heart; a ripe peach was also a symbol to imply a ripe state of good health. Caravaggio's paintings introduce realism by painting peach leaves that are molted, discolored, or in some cases have wormholes – conditions common in modern peach cultivation.
5163:
960:. The peach also became naturalized and abundant as a wild species in the eastern U.S.. Peaches were being grown in Virginia as early as 1629. Peaches grown by Indians in Virginia were said to have been "of greater variety and finer sorts" than those of the English colonists. Also in 1629, peaches were listed as a crop in
723:. The flesh is very delicate and easily bruised in some cultivars, but is fairly firm in some commercial varieties, especially when green. The single, large seed is red-brown, oval shaped, around 1.3–2 cm long, and surrounded by a wood-like husk. Peaches, along with cherries, plums, and apricots, are stone fruits (
869:. It was already similar to modern cultivated forms, where the peach stones are significantly larger and more compressed than earlier stones. This domesticated type of peach was brought into Japan from China. Nevertheless, in China itself, this variety is currently attested only at a later date around 3300 to 2300 BC.
1312:
The flowers on a peach tree are typically thinned out because if the full number of peaches mature on a branch, they are undersized and lack flavor. Fruits are thinned midway in the season by commercial growers. Fresh peaches are easily bruised, so do not store well. They are most flavorful when they
1184:
As with peaches, nectarines can be white or yellow, and clingstone or freestone. On average, nectarines are slightly smaller and sweeter than peaches, but with much overlap. The lack of skin fuzz can make nectarine skins appear more reddish than those of peaches, contributing to the fruit's plum-like
936:
Particular emphasis in this study is reserved for the analysis of the genetic diversity in peach germplasm and how it was shaped by human activities such as domestication and breeding. Major historical bottlenecks were found, one related to the putative original domestication that is supposed to have
932:
the peach tree genome (doubled haploid Lovell). Recently, it published the peach genome sequence and related analyses. The sequence is composed of 227 million nucleotides arranged in eight pseudomolecules representing the eight peach chromosomes (2n = 16). In addition, 27,852 protein-coding genes and
2903:
One medium peach also contains 2% or more daily value of vitamins E and K, niacin, folate, iron, choline, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, manganese, zinc and copper. Fresh peaches are a moderate source of antioxidants and vitamin C which is required for the building of connective tissue inside the
1206:
Peacherines are claimed to be a cross between a peach and a nectarine, but as they are the same species cannot be a true cross (hybrid); they are marketed in
Australia and New Zealand. The fruit is intermediate in appearance, though, between a peach and a nectarine, large and brightly colored like a
912:
George
Minifie supposedly brought the first peaches from England to its North American colonies in the early 17th century, planting them at his estate of Buckland in Virginia. Although Thomas Jefferson had peach trees at Monticello, American farmers did not begin commercial production until the 19th
1973:
Another aid in fighting evil spirits were peach-wood wands. The Li-chi (Han period) reported that the emperor went to the funeral of a minister escorted by a sorcerer carrying a peachwood wand to keep bad influences away. Since that time, peachwood wands have remained an important means of exorcism
1929:
Peach blossoms are highly prized in
Chinese culture. The ancient Chinese believed the peach to possess more vitality than any other tree because their blossoms appear before leaves sprout. When early rulers of China visited their territories, they were preceded by sorcerers armed with peach rods to
2294:
are among the many influential artists who painted peaches and peach trees in various settings. Scholars suggest that many compositions are symbolic, some an effort to introduce realism. For example, Tresidder claims the artists of
Renaissance symbolically used peach to represent heart, and a leaf
1100:
Peach breeding has favored cultivars with more firmness, more red color, and shorter fuzz on the fruit surface. These characteristics ease shipping and supermarket sales by improving eye appeal. This selection process has not necessarily led to increased flavor, though. Peaches have a short shelf
1165:– has a smooth skin. It is on occasion referred to as a "shaved peach" or "fuzzless peach", due to its lack of fuzz or short hairs. Though fuzzy peaches and nectarines are regarded commercially as different fruits, with nectarines often erroneously believed to be a crossbreed between peaches and
883:
in ancient times. Peach cultivation reached Greece by 300 BC. Alexander the Great is sometimes said to have introduced them into Greece after conquering Persia, but no historical evidence for this claim has been found. Peaches were, however, well known to the Romans in the first century AD; the
1096:
Hundreds of peach and nectarine cultivars are known. These are classified into two categories—freestones and clingstones. Freestones are those whose flesh separates readily from the pit. Clingstones are those whose flesh clings tightly to the pit. Some cultivars are partially freestone and
1050:
The trees themselves can usually tolerate temperatures to around −26 to −30 °C (−15 to −22 °F), although the following season's flower buds are usually killed at these temperatures, preventing a crop that summer. Flower bud death begins to occur between −15 and −25 °C (5 and
1188:
The history of the nectarine is unclear; the first recorded mention in
English is from 1616, but they had probably been grown much earlier within the native range of the peach in central and eastern Asia. Although one source states that nectarines were introduced into the United States by
753:
Peach trees are relatively short-lived as compared with some other fruit trees. In some regions orchards are replanted after 8 to 10 years, while in others trees may produce satisfactorily for 20 to 25 years or more, depending upon their resistance to diseases, pests, and winter damage.
1058:
Another climate constraint is spring frost. The trees flower fairly early (in March in
Western Europe), and the blossom is damaged or killed if temperatures drop below about −4 °C (25 °F). If the flowers are not fully open, though, they can tolerate a few degrees colder.
892:
eruption of 79 AD, and now held in the
National Archaeological Museum in Naples. Archaeological finds show that peaches were cultivated widely in Roman northwestern Continental Europe, but production collapsed around the sixth century; some revival of production followed with the
2122:
also mentions cultivation skills of peach trees. The peach is seen as the fruit of happiness, riches, honours, and longevity. The rare peach with double seeds is seen as a favorable omen of a mild winter. It is one of the 10 immortal plants and animals, so peaches appear in many
1293:
Peach trees need full sun, and a layout that allows good natural air flow to assist the thermal environment for the tree. Peaches are planted in early winter. During the growth season, they need a regular and reliable supply of water, with higher amounts just before harvest.
1964:) protective against evil spirits, who held the peach in awe. In ancient China, peach-wood bows were used to shoot arrows in every direction in an effort to dispel evil. Peach-wood slips or carved pits served as amulets to protect a person's life, safety, and health.
1043:). Most cultivars require 500 hours of chilling around 0 to 10 °C (32 to 50 °F). During the chilling period, key chemical reactions occur, but the plant appears dormant. Once the chilling period is fulfilled, the plant enters a second type of dormancy, the
920:
stands. Peaches were the cornerstone of early
Shanghai's garden culture. As modernization and westernization swept through the city the Shanghai honey nectar peach nearly disappeared completely. Much of modern Shanghai is built over these gardens and peach orchards.
1324:
constructed from stone or brick, which absorb and retain solar heat and then slowly release it, raising the temperature against the wall, peaches can be grown as espaliers against south-facing walls as far north as southeast Great
Britain and southern Ireland.
5760:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
2155:, Japan. The Guinness world record for the sweetest peach is currently held by a peach grown in Kanechika, Japan, with a sugar content of 22.2%. However, a fruit farm in rural Fukushima, Koji grew a much sweeter peach, with a Brix score of 32°. Degrees
2916:
in mg per 100 g of fresh weight were 14–102 in white-flesh nectarines, 18–54 in yellow-flesh nectarines, 28–111 in white-flesh peaches, and 21–61 mg per 100 g in yellow-flesh peaches. The major phenolic compounds identified in peach are
2336:
attacked regional cotton crops. When Georgia reached peak production in the 1920s, elaborate festivals celebrated the fruit. By 2017, Georgia's production represented 3–5% of the U.S. total. Alabama named it the "state tree fruit" in 2006. Delaware's
1097:
clingstone, so are called semifree. Freestone types are preferred for eating fresh, while clingstone types are for canning. The fruit flesh may be creamy white to deep yellow, to dark red; the hue and shade of the color depend on the cultivar.
826:
3236:
3146:
1066:, which is the most serious fungal disease for peaches. In practice, fungicides are extensively used for peach cultivation in such climates, with more than 1% of European peaches exceeding legal pesticide limits in 2013.
1968:
Peachwood seals or figurines guarded gates and doors, and, as one Han account recites, "the buildings in the capital are made tranquil and pure; everywhere a good state of affairs prevails". Writes the author, further:
1930:
protect them from spectral evils. On New Year's Eve, local magistrates would cut peach wood branches and place them over their doors to protect against evil influences. Peach wood was also used for the earliest known
1193:
of the Department of Agriculture in 1906, a number of colonial-era newspaper articles make reference to nectarines being grown in the United States prior to the Revolutionary War. The 28 March 1768 edition of the
5885:
Gil, M. I.; Tomás-Barberán, F. A.; Hess-Pierce, B.; Kader, A. A. (2002). "Antioxidant capacities, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and vitamin C contents of nectarine, peach, and plum cultivars from California".
1874:
is known as the "Peach State" due to its significant production of peaches as early as 1571, with exports to other states occurring around 1858. In 2014, Georgia was third in US peach production behind
4724:
1680:
Peaches and nectarines are best stored at temperatures of 0 °C (32 °F) and in high humidity. They are highly perishable, so are typically consumed or canned within two weeks of harvest.
3285:
862:
as the place where the early selection for favorable peach varieties probably took place. Peaches were mentioned in Chinese writings and literature beginning from the early first millennium BC.
6000:
Chang, S; Tan, C; Frankel, EN; Barrett, DM (2000). "Low-density lipoprotein antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase activity in selected clingstone peach cultivars".
908:. The peach was brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers in the 16th century, and eventually made it to England and France in the 17th century, where it was a prized and expensive treat.
3193:
2859:
3406:
Haase, Ilka; Brüning, Philipp; Matissek, Reinhard; Fischer, Markus (10 April 2013). "Real-time PCR assays for the quantitation of rDNA from apricot and other plant species in marzipan".
6035:
Cevallos-Casals, B. V. A.; Byrne, D.; Okie, W. R.; Cisneros-Zevallos, L. (2006). "Selecting new peach and plum genotypes rich in phenolic compounds and enhanced functional properties".
5860:
1652:, which usually does not directly affect the fruit, but does reduce the crop yield by partially defoliating the tree. Several fungicides can be used to combat the disease, including
4461:
The highest maximum residue level (MRL) exceedance rate was found for strawberries (2.5% of the samples), followed by lettuce (2.3%), oats (1.3%), peaches (1.1%), and apples (1.0%).
3177:
5838:
2332:, nicknamed the "Peach State", in 1995. The peach went from feral trees utilized opportunistically to a tended commercial crop in the Southern United States in the 1850s, as the
4954:"The involvement of auxin in the ripening of climacteric fruits comes of age: The hormone plays a role of its own and has an intense interplay with ethylene in ripening peaches"
5738:
3472:
Vendramin, Elisa; Pea, Giorgio; Dondini, Luca; Pacheco, Igor; Dettori, Maria Teresa; Gazza, Laura; Scalabrin, Simone; Strozzi, Francesco; Tartarini, Stefano (3 March 2014).
4419:
8088:
3252:
4900:
7740:
731:
including the 'Indian Peach', or 'Indian Blood Peach', which ripens in the latter part of the summer, and can have color ranging from red and white, to purple.
4993:
Ziosi, V.; Bregoli, A. M.; Fiori, G.; Noferini, M.; Costa, G. (2007). "1-MCP effects on ethylene emission and fruit quality traits of peaches and nectarines".
1003:. Carson destroyed thousands of peach trees. A soldier said they were the "best peach trees I have ever seen in the country, every one of them bearing fruit.”
588:). Due to their close relatedness, the kernel of a peach stone tastes remarkably similar to almond, and peach stones are often used to make a cheap version of
4875:
4728:
3086:
846:. Until recently, cultivation was believed to have started around 2000 BC. More recent evidence indicates that domestication occurred as early as 6000 BC in
1169:, or a "peach with a plum skin", nectarines belong to the same species as peaches. Several genetic studies have concluded nectarines are produced due to a
5234:
6608:
5650:
1062:
Climates with significant winter rainfall at temperatures below 16 °C (61 °F) are also unsuitable for peach cultivation, as the rain promotes
5428:
3277:
766:, along with the word "peach" itself – and its cognates in many European languages – derives from an early European belief that peaches were native to
3034:, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms). Adverse reactions are related to the "freshness" of the fruit: peeled or canned fruit may be tolerated.
2194:
A Vietnamese mythic history states that in the spring of 1789, after marching to Ngọc Hồi and then winning a great victory against invaders from the
8223:
8178:
8049:
7639:
6617:
3212:
2338:
1301:-rich fertilizers more than other fruit trees. Without regular fertilizer supply, peach tree leaves start turning yellow or exhibit stunted growth.
8101:
8062:
7691:
7652:
6244:
5291:
5110:
5327:
3988:
5812:
5133:
1069:
Finally, summer heat is required to mature the crop, with mean temperatures of the hottest month between 20 and 30 °C (68 and 86 °F).
7848:
7776:
5363:
2930:
1911:
Peaches are not only a popular fruit, but also are symbolic in many cultural traditions, such as in art, paintings, and folk tales such as the
661:
trees grow up to 7 m (23 ft) tall and wide, but when pruned properly, they are usually 3–4 m (10–13 ft) tall and wide. The
4761:
8168:
6353:
5772:
5501:
5271:
5010:
4829:
4110:
3826:
3799:
3761:
3736:
1222:
mentioned peacherines in a news bulletin for California. Louise Pound, in 1920, claimed the term peacherine is an example of language stunt.
957:
831:
5464:
3594:
3107:
2037:, is the setting of the favourite Chinese fable and a metaphor for utopias. A peach tree growing on a precipice was where the Taoist master
6547:
1627:
4557:
814:, dating to 2.6 million years ago. In the absence of evidence that the plants were in other ways identical to the modern peach, the name
7566:
5277:
916:
The Shanghai honey nectar peach was a key component of both the food culture and agrarian economy the area where the modern megacity of
5834:
5642:
8010:
7600:
7561:
5068:
4335:
2991:
gas. Cyanogenic glycosides are toxic if consumed in large doses. While peach seeds are not the most toxic within the rose family (see
992:
5767:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
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4637:
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6389:
5221:
5192:
4480:
3971:
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later in the year, as earwigs characteristically remove semicircles of petal and leaf tissue from the tips, rather than internally.
1386:
1073:
94:
5730:
4819:
3454:
3158:
603:
are the same species, though they are regarded commercially as different fruits. The skin of nectarines lacks the fuzz (fruit-skin
4538:
1413:
and young leaves at night, preventing fruiting and weakening newly planted trees. The pattern of damage is distinct from that of
715:
are produced in early spring before the leaves; they are solitary or paired, 2.5–3 cm diameter, pink, with five petals. The
5923:"Browning Potential, Phenolic Composition, and Polyphenoloxidase Activity of Buffer Extracts of Peach and Nectarine Skin Tissue"
5046:
8075:
7678:
4456:
3909:
Fuller, D; Madella, M (2001). "Issues in Harappan Archaeobotany: Retrospect and Prospect". In Settar, S; Korisettar, R (eds.).
719:
has yellow or whitish flesh, a delicate aroma, and a skin that is either velvety (peaches) or smooth (nectarines) in different
3816:
8183:
7910:
6601:
5980:
5562:
1364:
884:
oldest known artistic representations of the fruit are in two fragments of wall paintings, dated to the first century AD, in
8106:
7827:
4930:
7696:
5786:
925:
7727:
4359:
Szalay, L.; Papp, J.; Szaóbo, Z. (2000). "Evaluation of frost tolerance of peach varieties in artificial freezing tests".
3928:
2080:
2025:
7357:
5726:
4484:
1997:
4265:
1290:, and 'Citation'. The rootstock provides hardiness and budding is done to improve predictability of the fruit quality.
546:(modern-day Iran), from where it was transplanted to Europe and in the 16th century to the Americas. It belongs to the
8218:
7984:
7874:
7512:
7489:
4892:
2129:(folk paintings). Peaches and peach trees are believed to chase away spirits, so peaches are not placed on tables for
1105:
1027:
that tropical or subtropical areas generally do not satisfy except at high altitudes (for example in certain areas of
4317:
1349:
5337:
8114:
7915:
7861:
4871:
4513:
1484:
34:
2159:
measures the sugar content of the fruit, and is usually between 11 and 15 for a typical peach from a supermarket.
1368:
1353:
1104:
Different countries have different cultivars. In the United Kingdom, for example, these cultivars have gained the
1072:
Typical peach cultivars begin bearing fruit in their third year. Their lifespan in the U.S. varies by region; the
742:
or not; both can have either white or yellow flesh. Peaches with white flesh typically are very sweet with little
8188:
7745:
7331:
7281:
6594:
6531:
4685:
4183:"The Introduction of Old World Crops (wheat, barley, and peach) in Andean Argentina during the 16th century A.D."
2304:
2045:
1130:
873:
843:
5593:
1101:
life, so commercial growers typically plant a mix of different cultivars to have fruit to ship all season long.
1047:
period. During quiescence, buds break and grow when sufficient warm weather favorable to growth is accumulated.
7866:
7781:
7337:
6685:
5238:
2325:
2030:
2020:
1615:
1436:
1141:
38:
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2995:), large consumption of these chemicals from any source is potentially hazardous to animal and human health.
8173:
8036:
7311:
7225:
5435:
2113:
1557:
1524:
1185:
appearance. The lack of down on nectarines' skin also means their skin is more easily bruised than peaches.
894:
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8028:
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7412:
7199:
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4034:(in French). Translated by J.-J. Clement-Mullet. Paris: A. Franck. pp. 315–319 (ch. 7 – Article 41).
2855:
2076:
1924:
1912:
1496:
1466:
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1360:
1198:(p. 3), for example, mentions a farm in Jamaica, Long Island, New York, where nectarines were grown.
30:
7517:
4045:
3543:"Production of peaches and nectarines in 2018; Crops/Regions/World/Production Quantity (from pick lists)"
1023:
Peaches grow in a fairly limited range in dry, continental or temperate climates, since the trees have a
928:, which includes researchers from the United States, Italy, Chile, Spain, and France, announced they had
7351:
7251:
7089:
7084:
6639:
6382:
4752:"Mixed marriages: Cross-pollination produces fruit "children" that aren't quite the same as mom and dad"
4413:
4029:
3184:
3015:
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2247:
2243:
2211:
1454:
1405:
1109:
227:
7657:
7105:
6228:
5305:
5102:
2846:
2001:
1320:
shape. The Baldassari palmette is a design created around 1950 used primarily for training peaches. In
1088:
975:
Peach plantations became an objective of American military campaigns against the Indians. In 1779, the
67:
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2143:
1208:
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1871:
1684:
1669:
1563:
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1430:
1024:
859:
6205:
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1636:
Because peaches are highly perishable, farmers around the world often will preserve peaches through
7450:
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6340:
4751:
2885:
2279:
1656:
and other copper-based products (the University of California considers these organic treatments),
1478:
1460:
1212:
1077:
976:
639:
7719:
5539:
3128:
1632:
806:
with characteristics indistinguishable from those of modern peaches have been recovered from late
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7933:
7853:
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7183:
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7007:
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2704:
2684:
2444:
1575:
1530:
728:
257:
89:
7925:
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1418:
949:. By 1580, peaches were being grown in Latin America and were cultivated by the remnants of the
8093:
5618:
4564:
3791:
1863:
In 2020, world production of peaches (combined with nectarines for reporting) was 24.6 million
1011:
58:
7997:
7802:
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5954:
Infante, Rodrigo; Contador, Loreto; Rubio, Pía; Aros, Danilo & Peña-Neira, Álvaro (2011).
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1490:
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847:
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4011:
Noah Blan, 'Charlemagne's Peaches: A Case of Early Medieval European Ecological Adaptation',
3728:
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6169:
6125:
6109:
6075:
6044:
6009:
5970:
5934:
5895:
5654:
5398:
5134:"The Georgia Peach and the Southern Quest for Commercial Equity and Independence, 1843–1861"
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4965:
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4368:
4193:
4153:
4143:
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1979:
1947:
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1518:
1506:
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901:
842:
refers to Persia, genetic studies suggest peaches originated in China, where they have been
5076:
4342:
3844:"Archaeological Evidence for Peach (Prunus persica) Cultivation and Domestication in China"
3319:"Archaeological Evidence for Peach (Prunus persica) Cultivation and Domestication in China"
3119:
8208:
8203:
7789:
6890:
6062:
Andreotti, C.; Ravaglia, D.; Ragaini, A.; Costa, G. (2008). "Phenolic compounds in peach (
5956:"Postharvest sensory and phenolic characterization of 'Elegant Lady' and 'Carson' peaches"
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4058:
3203:
2341:
has been the peach blossom since 1995, and peach pie became its official dessert in 2009.
2118:
1599:
1593:
1569:
1548:
1512:
1442:
1400:
1190:
132:
3545:. United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT). 2019
2858:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
1207:
red peach. The flesh of the fruit is usually yellow, but white varieties also exist. The
1055:
and on the timing of the cold, with the buds becoming less cold tolerant in late winter.
866:
7618:
6275:
4660:"RHS Plant Selector Prunus persica var. nectarina 'Lord Napier' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening"
3859:
3679:
3489:
3458:
3334:
7835:
7461:
7317:
7271:
7174:
7074:
7053:
7049:
6915:
6900:
6829:
6769:
6736:
6418:
6294:
6259:
6182:
6157:
6130:
6097:
5460:
4542:
3886:
3843:
3696:
3663:
3516:
3473:
3361:
3318:
3243:
2283:
2203:
2179:
1880:
1661:
1275:
946:
909:
771:
119:
5837:. Harvard Health Publications, Harvard University School of Medicine. 27 August 2015.
4132:) identifies unique patterns of genetic diversity, domestication and genome evolution"
830:
Dried date, peach, apricot, and stones from Lahun, Fayum, Egypt, Late Middle Kingdom,
8162:
7301:
7287:
7168:
7023:
6998:
6896:
6880:
6805:
6586:
6478:
6079:
5034:
4703:
4213:
3784:
3721:
2992:
2897:
2502:
2400:
2263:
2038:
1884:
1831:
1607:
1581:
1321:
1174:
248:
244:
7840:
5975:
5020:
4434:
4372:
3474:"A Unique Mutation in a MYB Gene Cosegregates with the Nectarine Phenotype in Peach"
3298:
3077:
8145:
7938:
7540:
7361:
7209:
7195:
7164:
7143:
7070:
6048:
3222:
2999:
2946:
2938:
2926:
2869:
2376:
2271:
2195:
2034:
1501:
1414:
969:
965:
508:
8002:
7879:
7494:
5955:
5570:
3617:"peach | Fruit, Description, History, Cultivation, Uses, & Facts | Britannica"
3137:
2316:
2165:, a folktale character, is named after the giant peach from which he was birthed.
650:
76:
7989:
7976:
7965:
7706:
7481:
6348:
6284:
5182:
5002:
4922:
3868:
3498:
3343:
2090:, became a byword for homosexuality. The book records the incident when courtier
7902:
7732:
7714:
7665:
7444:
7347:
6937:
6701:
6500:
6464:
5676:
5187:. Vol. V. Translated by Kennelly, M. Tusewei Press, Shanghai. p. 505.
4181:
Capparelli, Aylen; Lema, Veronica; Giovannetti, Marco; Raffino, Rololfo (2005).
3059:
3023:
2968:
2953:
2934:
2913:
2889:
2360:
2333:
2199:
2162:
2108:
1935:
1338:
950:
885:
512:
7471:
5762:
5701:
3752:
Singh, Akath; Patel, R.K.; Babu, K.D.; De, L.C. (2007). "Low chiling peaches".
2072:), is sometimes seen holding a large peach, representing long life and health.
865:
A domesticated peach appeared very early in Japan, in 4700–4400 BC, during the
7029:
7019:
6972:
6681:
6552:
6424:
6322:
The Georgia Peach: Culture, Agriculture, and Environment in the American South
6158:"Determination of cyanogenic compounds in edible plants by ion chromatography"
6113:
5301:
4404:
4387:
4197:
3063:
3031:
2756:
2590:
2539:
2299:
2259:
2050:
1876:
1611:
1403:
to attack the tree early in the year when other food is scarce is the earwig (
1302:
1231:
988:
961:
929:
913:
century in Maryland, Delaware, Georgia, South Carolina, and finally Virginia.
666:
520:
8015:
7605:
6227:
Besler, M.; Cuesta Herranz, Javier & Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat (2000).
6173:
6121:
5939:
5922:
4856:. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. pp. 29–30.
4473:
4451:
4039:
3877:
3507:
3427:
3352:
7817:
7613:
7587:
7297:
7205:
6962:
6946:
6927:
6855:
6809:
6741:
6432:
3051:
3027:
2976:
2972:
2960:
2893:
2743:
2662:
2649:
2636:
2498:
2094:
bit into an especially delicious peach and gave the remainder to his lover,
2016:
1888:
1649:
1306:
1283:
1178:
1063:
880:
851:
747:
580:
501:
200:
8132:
7892:
7435:
6303:
6191:
6139:
6021:
5907:
5782:
5517:
5410:
5402:
5164:"Fresh Peach and Nectarine Productions in Latin America in 2021 by country"
4979:
4167:
4090:. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. p. 1.
3895:
3705:
3525:
3435:
3370:
3098:
2880:. A medium-sized raw peach, weighing 100 g (3.5 oz), supplies 39
4582:"RHS Plant Selector Prunus persica 'Duke of York' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening"
1240:, have a flattened shape, in contrast to ordinary near-spherical peaches.
17:
8127:
7959:
7887:
7753:
7504:
7429:
7341:
7267:
7101:
6978:
6958:
6941:
6906:
6886:
6859:
6845:
6801:
6722:
6691:
6671:
6510:
5364:"The world's sweetest peach costs $ 7,000. So is it worth the price tag?"
4970:
4953:
4926:
3616:
3542:
3043:
2987:). These substances are capable of decomposing into a sugar molecule and
2980:
2957:
2922:
2900:
of an average peach (120 grams) is 5, similar to other low-sugar fruits.
2522:
2291:
2258:
Many famous artists have painted with peach fruits placed in prominence.
2091:
1931:
1317:
1298:
1267:
1052:
1044:
1036:
1032:
980:
917:
889:
855:
807:
803:
720:
604:
593:
589:
585:
576:
572:
516:
178:
145:
7794:
6367:
6156:
Cho HJ, Do BK, Shim SM, Kwon H, Lee DH, Nah AH, Choi YJ, Lee SY (2013).
4205:
4182:
2232:
2207:
2106:
In Korea, peaches have been cultivated from ancient times. According to
8054:
7644:
7548:
7307:
7257:
6968:
6815:
6732:
6665:
6661:
6630:
4634:"RHS Plant Selector Prunus persica 'Rochester' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening"
4608:"RHS Plant Selector Prunus persica 'Peregrine' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening"
4509:
4251:
4235:
4158:
3047:
3007:
2881:
2873:
2623:
2478:
2224:
2083:
2012:
2008:
1641:
1637:
1410:
1279:
1028:
996:
811:
708:
584:, distinguished from the other subgenera by the corrugated seed shell (
560:
438:(Decne.) D. Rivera, Obón, S. Ríos, Selma, F. Mendez, Verde & F.Cano
168:
6260:"A non-targeted approach unravels the volatile network in peach fruit"
6013:
5899:
5861:"Health Benefits of Peaches: A Delicious Summer Fruit (Rutgers NJAES)"
4804:
4126:
Verde, I.; Abbott, A.G.; Scalabrin, S.; Jung, S.; et al. (2013).
3687:
3419:
2227:, the blossoming peach flower is the signal of spring. Finally, peach
987:. Among the crops destroyed were plantations of peach trees. In 1864,
7670:
7133:
6988:
6835:
6781:
6758:
6651:
6098:"Amygdalin contents in peaches at different fruit development stages"
3842:
Yang, Xiaoyan; Zheng, Yunfei; Crawford, Gary W.; Chen, Xugao (2014).
3317:
Yang, Xiaoyan; Zheng, Yunfei; Crawford, Gary W.; Chen, Xugao (2014).
3055:
3011:
2964:
2606:
2228:
2125:
2063:
1987:
1955:
1900:
1892:
1795:
1777:
1000:
945:
Peaches were introduced into the Americas in the 16th century by the
767:
739:
712:
635:
631:
564:
556:
551:
543:
188:
158:
7406:
5811:. Conde Nast, USDA National Nutrient Database, version SR-21. 2014.
4148:
4127:
2967:
glycosides in clingstone peaches. As with many other members of the
7683:
4796:
4105:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 29–64.
3913:. Vol. II. Protohistory. New Delhi: Manohar. pp. 317–390.
2308:
because a peach is "prettier, bigger and squishier than a cherry."
615:) is thought to be responsible for the difference between the two.
8080:
7592:
7237:
7033:
6910:
6876:
6819:
6791:
6675:
5109:. Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press.
2942:
2390:
2315:
2242:
2142:
1896:
1864:
1759:
1741:
1723:
1657:
1631:
1247:
1140:
1087:
1040:
1010:
825:
790:, literally means "Persian plum", as it is closely related to the
735:
724:
716:
649:
627:
623:
619:
547:
524:
106:
29:
This article is about the tree and its fruit. For other uses, see
3042:
Some 110 chemical compounds contribute to peach aroma, including
900:
An article on peach tree cultivation in Spain is brought down in
7327:
7247:
7080:
7043:
6825:
6258:
Sánchez G, Besada C, Badenes ML, Monforte AJ, Granell A (2012).
4854:
The Home Orchard: Growing Your Own Deciduous Fruit and Nut Trees
2795:
2169:
2156:
2131:
1813:
1425:
1166:
872:
In India, the peach first appeared by about 1700 BC, during the
791:
743:
662:
608:
568:
504:
7579:
7410:
6590:
6371:
6362:
6096:
Lee, SH; Oh, A; Shin, SH; Kim, HN; Kang, WW; Chung, SK (2017).
4386:
Chunxian Chen, William R. Okie, Thomas G. Beckman (July 2016).
1687:
fruits and continue to ripen after being picked from the tree.
1177:. Nectarines have arisen many times from peach trees, often as
5494:
1,001 Symbols: An Illustrated Guide to Imagery and Its Meaning
4435:"The 2013 European Union report on pesticide residues in food"
2877:
2420:
1332:
1016:
850:
of China. The oldest archaeological peach stones are from the
956:
In the United States the peach was soon adopted as a crop by
4474:"Fruit and Nut Varieties for Low-Elevation Sierra Foothills"
84:
Autumn Red peaches, cross section showing freestone variety
6349:
National Center for Home Food Preservation—Freezing Peaches
4318:"Navajo Will Never Forget the 1864 Scorched Earth Campaign"
3644:, second ed., Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, p. 274.
1286:. Common rootstocks are 'Lovell Peach', 'Nemaguard Peach',
1266:-month period, from bud formation in early winter to fruit
622:
produced 62% of the world total of peaches and nectarines.
5731:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
5075:. Harvard Medical School. 16 November 2011. Archived from
4031:
Le livre de l'agriculture d'Ibn-al-Awam (kitab-al-felahah)
3989:"The introduction and diffusion of peach in ancient Italy"
4563:. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from
2231:
trees are used as decoration during Vietnamese New Year (
1640:
or production of preserves. This mother-daughter team in
1309:, and calcium ammonium nitrate are suitable fertilizers.
5518:"Roald Dahl Day: Seven fantastic facts about the author"
3664:"Peaches Preceded Humans: Fossil Evidence from SW China"
2172:
correspond to blossoming trees: one for peach blossoms (
5208:
5206:
5204:
3962:(1 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
2949:
are the primary flavonols found in clingstone peaches.
66:
Peach flower, fruit, seed and leaves as illustrated by
5429:"Caravaggio's Fruit: A Mirror on Baroque Horticulture"
2210:) and deliver a flowering peach branch to the Empress
2180:
2173:
1547:
The tree is also a host plant for such species as the
531:
and others (the glossy-skinned, non-fuzzy varieties),
251:
1801 not Stokes 1812 nor (L.) Siebold & Zucc. 1845
6066:) cultivars at harvest and during fruit maturation".
5465:"Caravaggio – Still Life with Fruit on a Stone Ledge"
3754:
Underutilized and underexploited horticultural crops
3727:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p.
2023:
in the opening chapter of the classic Chinese novel
1867:, led by China with 61% of the world total (table).
1313:
ripen on the tree and are eaten the day of harvest.
7949:
7419:
6540:
6519:
6488:
6410:
5921:Cheng, Guiwen W. & Crisosto, Carlos H. (1995).
5389:Torpy, Janet M. (2010). "Still Life With Peaches".
3006:is a relatively common form of hypersensitivity to
2831:
2819:
2794:
2781:
2768:
2755:
2742:
2729:
2716:
2703:
2682:
2661:
2648:
2635:
2622:
2605:
2589:
2572:
2555:
2538:
2521:
2497:
2476:
2441:
2417:
2399:
2389:
2373:
2359:
2354:
786:, whence the English "peach". The scientific name,
5764:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
5296:[Peach cultivation in Korea] (in Korean).
4952:Trainotti, L.; Tadiello, A.; Casadoro, G. (2007).
4702:
4541:. University of Rhode Island. 2000. Archived from
4388:"Peach Fruit Set and Buttoning after Spring Frost"
3955:
3720:
3242:"Spring 4, peach-blossoms and green pheasants" by
2048:, one of the deities of the Chinese folk religion
933:28,689 protein-coding transcripts were predicted.
5835:"Glycemic index and glycemic load for 100+ foods"
3010:contained in peaches and related fruits (such as
2694:
2488:
1274:Most peach trees sold by nurseries are cultivars
1252:The developmental sequence of a nectarine over a
575:. The peach is classified with the almond in the
6324:(Cambridge Studies on the American South, 2016).
5809:"Nutrition Facts for Nectarines, raw, per 100 g"
5472:Papers of the Muscarelle Museum of Art, Volume 1
5214:Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry
5073:The Center for Health and the Global Environment
4236:"History of Fruit Tree Raising among the Navajo"
3312:
3310:
2098:, as a gift so that he could taste it, as well.
924:In April 2010, an international consortium, the
6208:. US National Cancer Institute. 25 October 2019
4865:
4863:
4725:"Almonds, Nectarines, Peacherines and Apricots"
3756:. New Delhi: New India Publishing. p. 90.
3591:"Indian Peaches Information, Recipes and Facts"
3022:) to more severe systemic reactions, including
1971:
1940:
738:, depending on whether the flesh sticks to the
4872:"Planting and Early Care of the Peach Orchard"
2888:, but none is a significant proportion of the
2355:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
2004:, counter inflammation, and reduce allergies.
607:) that peach skin has; a mutation in a single
6602:
6383:
4709:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
4341:. University of Georgia. 2007. Archived from
2963:in six peach and six nectarine cultivars and
2328:in 1984. The peach became the state fruit of
2320:Peaches at a roadside stand in South Carolina
2168:Two traditional Japanese words for the color
1076:gives a lifespan of about 15 years while the
314:(Schübl. & G.Martens) T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu
290:(Schübl. & G.Martens) T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu
8:
5569:. Georgia Secretary of State. Archived from
4783:Pound, Louise (1920). "Stunts in language".
4418:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4087:Peach Production East of the Rocky Mountains
3922:
3920:
2349:
2135:(ancestor veneration), unlike other fruits.
781:
775:
3790:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
3777:
3775:
3773:
3258:Peach (cultivar 'Berry'), watercolour, 1895
3014:). Symptoms range from local effects (e.g.
1883:. The largest peach producing countries in
1421:applied just before blossom are effective.
1367:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
7407:
6609:
6595:
6587:
6390:
6376:
6368:
6002:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
5888:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
5727:United States Food and Drug Administration
5651:Alabama Department of Archives and History
5096:
5094:
4874:. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service.
4533:
4531:
3815:Layne, Desmond R.; Bassi, Daniele (2008).
3408:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2896:has similar low content of nutrients. The
2458:
2348:
1648:Peach trees are prone to a disease called
1131:Peach production in China § Cultivars
527:with various characteristics, most called
75:
57:
48:
6293:
6283:
6181:
6129:
5974:
5938:
5422:
5420:
4969:
4450:
4403:
4157:
4147:
4128:"The high-quality draft genome of peach (
4061:. Genforum.genealogy.com. 21 March 1999.
3885:
3867:
3695:
3571:. Hearst Communications Inc. 4 March 2013
3537:
3535:
3515:
3497:
3457:. Oregon State University. Archived from
3360:
3342:
3183:Portrait of Isabella and John Stewart by
1387:Learn how and when to remove this message
991:led a successful U.S. army expedition to
780:("Persian apple"), later becoming French
5995:
5993:
5963:Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
5594:"The Fuzzy History of the Georgia Peach"
4895:[Who eats peach blossom buds?].
2007:In an orchard of flowering peach trees,
1942:The Chinese also considered peach wood (
1694:
979:destroyed the livelihood of many of the
542:refers to its widespread cultivation in
5592:Okie, William Thomas (14 August 2017),
4881:from the original on 16 September 2012.
4433:European Food Safety Authority (2015).
3642:Historical Linguistics: An Introduction
3288:from the original on 25 September 2015.
3269:
3173:
3073:
2151:The world's sweetest peach is grown in
1698:Peach (and nectarine) production, 2020
968:noted the existence of wild peaches in
272:
6151:
6149:
6091:
6089:
4821:The Peach: Botany, Production and uses
4411:
3818:The Peach: Botany, Production and Uses
3597:from the original on 20 September 2012
2929:, with other compounds, identified by
2112:, peach trees were planted during the
642:, are prominent producers of peaches.
6363:Clemson.edu: Everything About Peaches
6102:Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
5184:Researches into Chinese Superstitions
4292:"Clinton-Sullavan Expedition of 1779"
3449:
3447:
3445:
2223:fell in love by a peach tree, and in
1644:is preparing peaches near their farm.
1092:White peach of the clingstone variety
926:International Peach Genome Initiative
844:cultivated since the Neolithic period
832:Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology
7:
7916:971d5046-dc8f-4408-b0d4-778ff68d8c05
7769:291b67cc-accb-4e94-99ba-373dca8a50ea
6548:List of peach and nectarine diseases
6247:from the original on 17 August 2009.
6237:Internet Symposium on Food Allergens
5619:"Is Georgia really the Peach State?"
5101:Kathryn C. Taylor (15 August 2003).
4933:from the original on 19 January 2016
4893:"Wer frisst Pfirsich-Blütenknopsen?"
4666:from the original on 14 January 2013
4640:from the original on 14 January 2013
4614:from the original on 14 January 2013
4588:from the original on 14 January 2013
4459:from the original on 15 March 2015.
4186:Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
4065:from the original on 14 January 2013
1628:List of peach and nectarine diseases
1603:) are also found on the peach tree.
1365:adding citations to reliable sources
1145:White nectarines, whole and cut open
818:has been assigned to these fossils.
734:Cultivated peaches are divided into
5647:Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors
5544:, South Carolina Legislature Online
5263:Asceticism in early taoist religion
4995:Advances in Plant Ethylene Research
4903:from the original on 2 January 2014
4852:Ingels, Chuck; et al. (2007).
4516:from the original on 26 August 2015
3987:Sadori, Laura; et al. (2009).
3565:"The Average Width of a Peach Tree"
2324:South Carolina named the peach its
2302:named his children's fantasy novel
1080:gives a lifespan of 7 years there.
904:'s 12th-century agricultural work,
7394:, beautification and conservation
6618:State flowers of the United States
6229:"Allergen Data Collection: Peach (
5986:from the original on 11 July 2012.
5841:from the original on 25 April 2017
5815:from the original on 15 March 2015
5741:from the original on 27 March 2024
4750:Shimabukuro, Betty (7 July 2004).
4727:. Koanga Institute. Archived from
3930:Foods & nutrition encyclopedia
3786:The New Oxford Book of Food Plants
3674:. Nature Publishing Group: 16794.
3385:"Almond Tree - Learn About Nature"
2868:Raw peach flesh is 89% water, 10%
1996:) are a common ingredient used in
1316:The peach tree can be grown in an
1211:lists varieties that ripen in the
25:
7867:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1212858-2
5280:from the original on 16 May 2016.
5049:from the original on 25 July 2012
4764:from the original on 2 March 2012
4490:from the original on 12 June 2010
4481:University of California at Davis
4316:Sumiak, Dennis (15 August 2017).
2202:ordered a messenger to gallop to
1074:University of California at Davis
999:to destroy the livelihood of the
8120:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:324718-2
6571:
6570:
6080:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00234.x
5702:"Delaware Miscellaneous Symbols"
5617:Mackie, Matt (1 November 2018),
5113:from the original on 5 July 2015
3911:Indian Archaeology in Retrospect
3251:
3235:
3211:
3192:
3176:
3157:
3145:
3136:
3127:
3118:
3106:
3097:
3085:
3076:
2952:Red-fleshed peaches are rich in
2884:, and contains small amounts of
2252:A Still Life Painting of Peaches
2178:), and one for cherry blossoms (
1824:
1806:
1788:
1770:
1752:
1734:
1716:
1544:) causes damage to fruit trees.
1528:) or the omnivorous leafroller (
1428:species as the peachtree borer (
1337:
1173:, whereas a fuzzy peach skin is
390:(Schübl. & G.Martens) Rehder
93:
44:Type of fruit tree, or its fruit
8224:Symbols of Georgia (U.S. state)
8179:Fruits originating in East Asia
5976:10.4067/S0718-58392011000300016
5789:from the original on 9 May 2024
5653:. 20 April 2006. Archived from
4923:"UC Pest Management Guidelines"
4373:10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.538.71
3278:"IPNI Plant name Query Results"
1855:Source: United Nations, FAOSTAT
1051:−13 °F), depending on the
600:
482:(Batalin) Kovalev & Kostina
6049:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.02.032
5338:Encyclopedia of Korean culture
5212:Simoons, Frederick J. (1991)
5069:"Healthy and Sustainable Food"
4958:Journal of Experimental Botany
2147:Momotarō emerges from a peach.
2068:
1992:
1960:
1668:. The fruit is susceptible to
1161:) – these are commonly called
879:It is also found elsewhere in
858:. Archaeologists point to the
1:
6932:Pink and white lady's slipper
5643:"State Tree Fruit of Alabama"
5332:[Peach] (in Korean).
4539:"Peach and Nectarine Culture"
3927:Ensminger, Audrey H. (1994).
3719:Thacker, Christopher (1985).
3225:
2029:. Another peach orchard, in "
2026:Romance of the Three Kingdoms
1494:, Suzuki's promolactis moth (
683: in) long, 2–3 cm (
8169:Crops originating from China
6285:10.1371/journal.pone.0038992
5237:(in Chinese). Archived from
5138:Georgia Historical Quarterly
5003:10.1007/978-1-4020-6014-4_38
3958:The Oxford Companion to Food
3869:10.1371/journal.pone.0106595
3782:Geissler, Catherine (2009).
3662:Su, T.; et al. (2016).
3499:10.1371/journal.pone.0090574
3455:"Frequently Asked Questions"
3344:10.1371/journal.pone.0106595
3200:Still Life Basket of Peaches
2854:Percentages estimated using
1998:traditional Chinese medicine
1440:), the well-marked cutworm (
838:Although its botanical name
302:(Loudon) T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu
6354:Bioimages.vanderbilt.edu –
5260:Eskildsen, Stephen (1998).
4899:(in German). 9 April 2010.
3994:. Edipuglia. Archived from
3113:Incipient fruit development
2847:Link to USDA Database entry
2181:
2174:
1561:), the promethea silkmoth (
1129:For China specifically see
1106:Royal Horticultural Society
571:, and which is part of the
326:(Rchb.) T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu
8240:
7382:, state children's flower
6881:White pine cone and tassel
5266:. SUNY Press. p. 26.
4510:"Growing Peaches in Maine"
2876:, and contains negligible
2365:165 kJ (39 kcal)
1922:
1625:
1591:). The European red mite (
1538:. The flatid planthopper (
1534:) are reported to feed on
1485:Phyllonorycter crataegella
1434:), the yellow peach moth (
1229:
736:clingstones and freestones
35:Peachtree (disambiguation)
28:
7371:
7332:Bougainvillea spectabilis
6624:
6566:
6532:Peach production in China
6114:10.3746/pnf.2017.22.3.237
6068:Annals of Applied Biology
5181:Doré S.J., Henry (1914).
4686:Oxford English Dictionary
4405:10.21273/HORTSCI.51.7.816
4234:Jett, Stephen C. (1977).
4198:10.1007/s00334-005-0093-8
2892:(DV, right table). A raw
2853:
2843:
2839:
2815:
2807:
2678:
2674:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2457:
2437:
2433:
2413:
2409:
2369:
2305:James and the Giant Peach
2059:
2046:Old Man of the South Pole
1983:
1951:
1938:. Another author writes:
1852:
1697:
1510:), the apple leafroller (
1125:'Lord Napier' (nectarine)
774:referred to the peach as
263:
256:
233:
226:
90:Scientific classification
88:
83:
74:
65:
56:
51:
8199:Plants described in 1753
6696:Rocky Mountain columbine
6174:10.5487/TR.2013.29.2.143
5940:10.21273/JASHS.120.5.835
5492:Tresidder, Jack (2004).
5328:
5292:
5107:New Georgia Encyclopedia
4452:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4038
4272:. Jefferson Encyclopedia
4101:Swislocki, Mark (2009).
3593:. Specialtyproduce.com.
2031:The Peach Blossom Spring
1672:or a dark reddish spot.
1585:) or the brown playboy (
1579:, the speckled emperor (
1522:), the wood groundling (
1458:, the fruit tree borer (
1437:Conogethes punctiferalis
523:. It bears edible juicy
378:(L.) Siebold & Zucc.
39:Peaches (disambiguation)
5677:"Delaware State Plants"
4818:Layne, Desmond (2008).
4705:The World Was My Garden
4336:"Peach tree physiology"
3954:Davidson, Alan (1999).
2856:US recommendations
2235:) in northern Vietnam.
2114:Three Kingdoms of Korea
1978:Peach kernels Tao ren (
1567:), the orange oakleaf (
1558:Callambulyx tatarinovii
1525:Parachronistis albiceps
1215:in February and March.
941:Peaches in the Americas
895:Carolingian Renaissance
888:, preserved due to the
770:(modern-day Iran). The
7388:, state floral emblem
6666:Saguaro cactus blossom
6558:Peaches of Immortality
6320:Okie, William Thomas.
6206:"Laetrile (Amygdalin)"
5403:10.1001/jama.2009.1853
5132:Fair, John D. (2002).
4757:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
4015:, 27.4 (2019), 521–45.
3723:The history of gardens
3640:Campbell, Lyle (2004)
2971:, peach seeds contain
2860:the National Academies
2321:
2255:
2148:
2041:tested his disciples.
2021:an oath of brotherhood
1976:
1966:
1925:Peaches of Immortality
1913:Peaches of Immortality
1645:
1597:) or the yellow mite (
1516:), the catapult moth (
1497:Promalactis suzukiella
1467:Parornix anguliferella
1449:Lyonetia prunifoliella
1271:
1146:
1093:
1020:
1015:A peach flower with a
897:of the ninth century.
835:
782:
776:
655:
638:, all situated in the
31:Peach (disambiguation)
8184:Garden plants of Asia
5927:J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci
5567:Georgia State Symbols
4929:. 10 September 2015.
4558:"Varieties – Peaches"
4296:National Park Service
4084:Fogle, H. W. (1965).
4013:Early Medieval Europe
3821:. CAB International.
3185:Charles Willson Peale
3016:oral allergy syndrome
2973:cyanogenic glycosides
2463:Vitamins and minerals
2319:
2268:Pierre-Auguste Renoir
2248:Pierre-Auguste Renoir
2246:
2146:
1907:Cultural significance
1635:
1500:), the white-spotted
1455:Phyllonorycter hostis
1406:Forficula auricularia
1251:
1144:
1110:Award of Garden Merit
1091:
1014:
829:
707: in) broad, and
653:
555:, which includes the
455:Amygdalus nucipersica
7226:Tennessee coneflower
7215:Purple passionflower
7153:Penngift crown vetch
7090:Large white trillium
6796:Syringa, mock orange
5541:Plants & Edibles
5235:"TCM: Peach kernels"
4824:. CABI. p. 16.
4785:The English Language
4270:Jefferson Monticello
4240:Agricultural History
4026:Ibn al-'Awwam, Yaḥyá
2217:The protagonists of
2081:Legalist philosopher
1709:(millions of tonnes)
1564:Callosamia promethea
1555:), the unmonsuzume (
1473:Parornix finitimella
1431:Synanthedon exitiosa
1361:improve this section
1025:chilling requirement
860:Yangtze River Valley
762:The scientific name
640:Mediterranean region
7376:: state wildflower
7008:Pink lady's slipper
6341:Plants for a Future
6276:2012PLoSO...738992S
5496:. Chronicle Books.
5481:on 14 January 2013.
5079:on 11 February 2012
5039:, peach, nectarine"
4731:on 15 February 2014
4662:. Apps.rhs.org.uk.
4636:. Apps.rhs.org.uk.
4610:. Apps.rhs.org.uk.
4584:. Apps.rhs.org.uk.
4570:on 14 January 2013.
4556:Okie, W.R. (2005).
4545:on 14 January 2013.
4001:on 14 January 2013.
3860:2014PLoSO...9j6595Z
3680:2015NatSR...516794S
3490:2014PLoSO...990574V
3335:2014PLoSO...9j6595Z
3164:Peaches in a basket
2886:essential nutrients
2574:Pantothenic acid (B
2351:
2280:Henri Fantin-Latour
1479:Caloptilia zachrysa
1461:Maroga melanostigma
1424:The larvae of such
1213:Southern Hemisphere
1078:University of Maine
977:Sullivan Expedition
906:Book on Agriculture
816:Prunus kunmingensis
463:Persica nucipersica
426:(Decne.) L.H.Bailey
414:H.Lév. & Vaniot
362:H.Lév. & Vaniot
8219:Symbols of Alabama
7282:Coast rhododendron
6640:Oak-leaf hydrangea
6444:Prunus ferganensis
5461:de Groft, Aaron H.
5441:on 14 January 2013
4971:10.1093/jxb/erm178
4361:Acta Horticulturae
4103:Culinary Nostalgia
4048:–319 (Article XLI)
3668:Scientific Reports
3621:www.britannica.com
2821:Other constituents
2322:
2256:
2198:of China, Emperor
2149:
1870:The U.S. state of
1646:
1576:Langia zenzeroides
1531:Platynota stultana
1272:
1147:
1094:
1021:
836:
729:heirloom varieties
669:, 7–16 cm (3–
656:
538:The specific name
471:Amygdalus potanini
359:Prunus daemonifuga
331:Persica platycarpa
68:Otto Wilhelm Thomé
8156:
8155:
7951:Amygdalus persica
7803:Open Tree of Life
7413:Taxon identifiers
7404:
7403:
7312:Indian paintbrush
7085:Scarlet carnation
7075:Wild prairie rose
7054:Flowering dogwood
6830:Wild prairie rose
6786:Hawaiian hibiscus
6584:
6583:
6506:Peaches and cream
6458:Prunus kansuensis
6014:10.1021/jf9904564
5900:10.1021/jf020136b
5894:(17): 4976–4982.
5865:njaes.rutgers.edu
5774:978-0-309-48834-1
5503:978-0-8118-4282-2
5273:978-0-7914-3955-5
5012:978-1-4020-6013-7
4964:(12): 3299–3308.
4831:978-1-84593-386-9
4483:. November 2009.
4112:978-0-8047-6012-6
3828:978-1-84593-386-9
3801:978-0-19-160949-7
3763:978-81-89422-69-1
3738:978-0-520-05629-9
3688:10.1038/srep16794
3420:10.1021/jf3052175
3414:(14): 3414–3418.
3020:contact urticaria
2866:
2865:
2811:
2810:
2288:Peter Paul Rubens
2079:", first used by
1861:
1860:
1857:
1710:
1553:Popillia japonica
1541:Metcalfa pruinosa
1491:Trifurcula sinica
1409:) which feeds on
1397:
1396:
1389:
1236:Flat peaches, or
848:Zhejiang Province
517:Zhejiang province
490:
489:
483:
479:Persica potaninii
475:
467:
459:
451:
439:
427:
415:
403:
391:
379:
371:
363:
355:
343:
335:
327:
319:Amygdalus persica
315:
311:scleronucipersica
307:Amygdalus persica
303:
295:Amygdalus persica
291:
283:Amygdalus persica
279:
275:Amygdalus persica
269:
16:(Redirected from
8231:
8189:Ornamental trees
8149:
8148:
8136:
8135:
8123:
8122:
8110:
8109:
8097:
8096:
8084:
8083:
8071:
8070:
8058:
8057:
8045:
8044:
8032:
8031:
8019:
8018:
8006:
8005:
7993:
7992:
7980:
7979:
7970:
7969:
7968:
7942:
7941:
7929:
7928:
7919:
7918:
7906:
7905:
7896:
7895:
7883:
7882:
7870:
7869:
7857:
7856:
7844:
7843:
7831:
7830:
7821:
7820:
7811:
7810:
7798:
7797:
7785:
7784:
7772:
7771:
7762:
7761:
7749:
7748:
7736:
7735:
7733:NBNSYS0000034215
7723:
7722:
7710:
7709:
7700:
7699:
7687:
7686:
7674:
7673:
7661:
7660:
7648:
7647:
7635:
7634:
7622:
7621:
7609:
7608:
7596:
7595:
7583:
7582:
7570:
7569:
7557:
7556:
7544:
7543:
7531:
7530:
7521:
7520:
7508:
7507:
7498:
7497:
7485:
7484:
7475:
7474:
7465:
7464:
7455:
7454:
7453:
7440:
7439:
7438:
7408:
7399:
7398:
7393:
7392:
7387:
7386:
7381:
7380:
7272:American dogwood
7233:
7232:
7222:
7221:
7191:
7190:
7179:Yellow jessamine
7160:
7159:
7129:
7128:
7118:
7117:
7097:
7096:
7066:
7065:
7015:
7014:
6954:
6953:
6923:
6922:
6891:Black-eyed susan
6872:
6871:
6777:
6776:
6766:
6765:
6749:
6748:
6718:
6717:
6711:Mirabilis jalapa
6686:California poppy
6647:
6646:
6611:
6604:
6597:
6588:
6574:
6573:
6527:Raphael J. Moses
6472:Prunus tangutica
6451:Prunus davidiana
6392:
6385:
6378:
6369:
6345:
6336:"Prunus persica"
6308:
6307:
6297:
6287:
6255:
6249:
6248:
6224:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6185:
6153:
6144:
6143:
6133:
6093:
6084:
6083:
6059:
6053:
6052:
6032:
6026:
6025:
5997:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5978:
5960:
5951:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5918:
5912:
5911:
5882:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5857:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5805:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5794:
5757:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5698:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5657:on 15 April 2008
5639:
5633:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5614:
5608:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5589:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5578:
5559:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5536:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:
5514:
5508:
5507:
5489:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5474:. Archived from
5469:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5440:
5434:. Archived from
5433:
5424:
5415:
5414:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5375:
5360:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5340:. Archived from
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5304:. Archived from
5288:
5282:
5281:
5257:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5231:
5225:
5210:
5199:
5198:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5098:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5031:
5025:
5024:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4973:
4949:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4867:
4858:
4857:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4708:
4699:Fairchild, David
4695:
4689:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4645:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4604:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4578:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4562:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4535:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4489:
4478:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4454:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4417:
4409:
4407:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4367:(538): 407–410.
4356:
4350:
4349:
4348:on 10 June 2010.
4347:
4340:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4161:
4151:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4059:"George Minifie"
4055:
4049:
4043:
4022:
4016:
4009:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3993:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3961:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3924:
3915:
3914:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3889:
3871:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3812:
3806:
3805:
3789:
3779:
3768:
3767:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3726:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3699:
3659:
3653:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3539:
3530:
3529:
3519:
3501:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3461:on 14 July 2008.
3451:
3440:
3439:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3364:
3346:
3314:
3305:
3299:The Plant List,
3296:
3290:
3289:
3274:
3255:
3239:
3230:
3227:
3219:A Jar of Peaches
3215:
3196:
3180:
3161:
3149:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3110:
3101:
3089:
3080:
2989:hydrogen cyanide
2919:chlorogenic acid
2698:
2610:
2594:
2577:
2560:
2543:
2526:
2499:Vitamin A equiv.
2492:
2459:
2352:
2220:The Tale of Kieu
2184:
2177:
2096:Duke Ling of Wei
2070:
2061:
2000:to dispel blood
1994:
1985:
1962:
1953:
1853:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1708:
1695:
1654:Bordeaux mixture
1588:Deudorix antalus
1519:Serrodes partita
1507:Orgyia thyellina
1392:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1341:
1333:
1282:onto a suitable
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1209:Koanga Institute
1196:New York Gazette
1171:recessive allele
993:Canyon de Chelly
958:American Indians
785:
779:
706:
705:
701:
698:
692:
691:
687:
682:
681:
677:
674:
481:
474:(Batalin) T.T.Yu
473:
465:
457:
449:
437:
425:
413:
401:
389:
387:aganonucipersica
377:
369:
361:
353:
347:Persica vulgaris
341:
339:Persica vulgaris
333:
325:
313:
301:
289:
287:aganonucipersica
277:
267:
239:
205:
98:
97:
79:
61:
49:
21:
8239:
8238:
8234:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8229:
8228:
8159:
8158:
8157:
8152:
8144:
8139:
8131:
8126:
8118:
8113:
8105:
8100:
8092:
8087:
8079:
8074:
8066:
8061:
8053:
8048:
8040:
8035:
8027:
8022:
8014:
8009:
8001:
7996:
7988:
7983:
7975:
7973:
7964:
7963:
7958:
7945:
7937:
7932:
7924:
7922:
7914:
7909:
7901:
7899:
7891:
7886:
7878:
7873:
7865:
7860:
7852:
7847:
7839:
7834:
7826:
7824:
7816:
7814:
7806:
7801:
7793:
7790:Observation.org
7788:
7780:
7775:
7767:
7765:
7757:
7752:
7744:
7739:
7731:
7726:
7718:
7713:
7705:
7704:MichiganFlora:
7703:
7695:
7690:
7682:
7677:
7669:
7664:
7656:
7651:
7643:
7638:
7630:
7625:
7617:
7612:
7604:
7599:
7591:
7586:
7578:
7573:
7565:
7560:
7552:
7547:
7539:
7534:
7526:
7524:
7516:
7511:
7503:
7501:
7493:
7488:
7480:
7478:
7470:
7468:
7460:
7458:
7449:
7448:
7443:
7434:
7433:
7428:
7415:
7405:
7400:
7396:
7395:
7390:
7389:
7384:
7383:
7378:
7377:
7367:
7366:
7322:Paogo (Ulafala)
7230:
7229:
7219:
7218:
7188:
7187:
7157:
7156:
7148:Mountain laurel
7126:
7125:
7115:
7114:
7094:
7093:
7063:
7062:
7012:
7011:
6951:
6950:
6920:
6919:
6916:Dwarf lake iris
6869:
6868:
6774:
6773:
6763:
6762:
6746:
6745:
6715:
6714:
6706:Mountain laurel
6644:
6643:
6620:
6615:
6585:
6580:
6562:
6536:
6515:
6484:
6406:
6396:
6334:
6331:
6317:
6315:Further reading
6312:
6311:
6257:
6256:
6252:
6226:
6225:
6221:
6211:
6209:
6204:
6203:
6199:
6155:
6154:
6147:
6095:
6094:
6087:
6061:
6060:
6056:
6034:
6033:
6029:
5999:
5998:
5991:
5983:
5958:
5953:
5952:
5948:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5884:
5883:
5879:
5869:
5867:
5859:
5858:
5854:
5844:
5842:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5818:
5816:
5807:
5806:
5802:
5792:
5790:
5775:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5744:
5742:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5700:
5699:
5695:
5685:
5683:
5675:
5674:
5670:
5660:
5658:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5627:
5625:
5616:
5615:
5611:
5602:
5600:
5598:Smithsonian.com
5591:
5590:
5586:
5576:
5574:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5547:
5545:
5538:
5537:
5533:
5523:
5521:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5504:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5478:
5467:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5444:
5442:
5438:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5418:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5373:
5371:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5347:
5345:
5330:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5311:
5309:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5274:
5259:
5258:
5254:
5244:
5242:
5241:on 16 July 2011
5233:
5232:
5228:
5211:
5202:
5195:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5147:
5145:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5116:
5114:
5100:
5099:
5092:
5082:
5080:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5013:
4997:. p. 167.
4992:
4991:
4987:
4951:
4950:
4946:
4936:
4934:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4906:
4904:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4878:
4869:
4868:
4861:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4836:
4834:
4832:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4683:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4643:
4641:
4632:
4631:
4627:
4617:
4615:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4591:
4589:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4567:
4560:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4537:
4536:
4529:
4519:
4517:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4467:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4410:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4345:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4300:
4298:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4218:
4216:
4180:
4179:
4175:
4149:10.1038/ng.2586
4136:Nature Genetics
4125:
4124:
4120:
4113:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4010:
4006:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3974:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3941:
3926:
3925:
3918:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3829:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3802:
3781:
3780:
3771:
3764:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3739:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3598:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3574:
3572:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3548:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3453:
3452:
3443:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3390:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3297:
3293:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3259:
3256:
3247:
3240:
3231:
3228:
3216:
3207:
3204:Raphaelle Peale
3197:
3188:
3181:
3172:
3165:
3162:
3153:
3152:Peaches on tree
3150:
3141:
3132:
3123:
3114:
3111:
3102:
3093:
3090:
3081:
3072:
3040:
2956:, particularly
2910:
2849:
2844:
2802:
2789:
2776:
2763:
2750:
2737:
2724:
2711:
2699:
2669:
2656:
2643:
2630:
2617:
2608:
2600:
2592:
2584:
2575:
2567:
2558:
2550:
2541:
2533:
2524:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2493:
2464:
2453:
2448:
2429:
2424:
2385:
2380:
2347:
2314:
2298:In literature,
2241:
2192:
2141:
2119:Sallim gyeongje
2104:
1927:
1921:
1909:
1825:
1823:
1807:
1805:
1789:
1787:
1771:
1769:
1753:
1751:
1735:
1733:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1693:
1678:
1630:
1624:
1616:honeydew source
1600:Lorryia formosa
1594:Panonychus ulmi
1570:Kallima inachus
1549:Japanese beetle
1513:Archips termias
1443:Abagrotis orbis
1393:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1358:
1342:
1331:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1246:
1234:
1228:
1220:Pacific Monthly
1204:
1191:David Fairchild
1139:
1086:
1064:peach leaf curl
1009:
943:
874:Harappan period
824:
800:
760:
727:). The various
703:
699:
696:
694:
689:
685:
684:
679:
675:
672:
670:
648:
486:
271:
270:
252:
241:
235:
222:
219:P. persica
203:
92:
45:
42:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8237:
8235:
8227:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8174:Flora of China
8171:
8161:
8160:
8154:
8153:
8151:
8150:
8146:wfo-0000983465
8137:
8124:
8111:
8098:
8085:
8072:
8059:
8046:
8033:
8020:
8007:
7994:
7981:
7971:
7955:
7953:
7947:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7939:wfo-0001005418
7930:
7920:
7907:
7897:
7884:
7871:
7858:
7845:
7832:
7822:
7818:Prunus_persica
7812:
7799:
7786:
7773:
7763:
7759:Prunus~persica
7750:
7737:
7724:
7711:
7701:
7688:
7675:
7662:
7649:
7636:
7623:
7610:
7597:
7584:
7571:
7567:Prunus_persica
7558:
7545:
7532:
7522:
7509:
7499:
7486:
7476:
7466:
7456:
7451:Prunus persica
7441:
7425:
7423:
7421:Prunus persica
7417:
7416:
7411:
7402:
7401:
7372:
7369:
7368:
7365:
7364:
7354:
7344:
7334:
7324:
7314:
7304:
7294:
7284:
7274:
7264:
7254:
7244:
7242:Bluebonnet sp.
7234:
7202:
7192:
7171:
7161:
7140:
7130:
7111:Indian blanket
7098:
7077:
7067:
7046:
7036:
7026:
7016:
6995:
6985:
6975:
6965:
6955:
6934:
6924:
6903:
6893:
6883:
6873:
6865:Louisiana iris
6852:
6842:
6832:
6822:
6812:
6798:
6788:
6778:
6750:
6737:Orange blossom
6729:
6719:
6698:
6688:
6678:
6668:
6658:
6648:
6626:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6616:
6614:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6591:
6582:
6581:
6579:
6578:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6523:
6521:
6517:
6516:
6514:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6486:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6440:
6439:
6438:
6430:
6419:Prunus persica
6414:
6412:
6408:
6407:
6397:
6395:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6356:Prunus persica
6351:
6346:
6330:
6329:External links
6327:
6326:
6325:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6309:
6250:
6243:(4): 185–201.
6231:Prunus persica
6219:
6197:
6145:
6108:(3): 237–240.
6085:
6064:Prunus persica
6054:
6043:(2): 273–280.
6037:Food Chemistry
6027:
5989:
5969:(3): 445–451.
5946:
5933:(5): 835–838.
5913:
5877:
5852:
5826:
5800:
5773:
5752:
5718:
5693:
5668:
5634:
5609:
5584:
5573:on 29 May 2019
5554:
5531:
5509:
5502:
5484:
5452:
5427:Jules Janick.
5416:
5381:
5370:. 17 July 2020
5368:www.abc.net.au
5355:
5344:on 24 May 2012
5319:
5308:on 24 May 2012
5283:
5272:
5252:
5226:
5200:
5193:
5173:
5155:
5124:
5090:
5060:
5043:GeoChemBio.com
5037:Prunus persica
5026:
5011:
4985:
4944:
4914:
4884:
4870:McCraw, Dean.
4859:
4844:
4830:
4810:
4797:10.2307/802441
4775:
4742:
4716:
4690:
4677:
4651:
4625:
4599:
4573:
4548:
4527:
4501:
4465:
4425:
4398:(7): 816–821.
4378:
4351:
4327:
4308:
4283:
4257:
4226:
4192:(4): 473–475.
4173:
4142:(5): 487–494.
4130:Prunus persica
4118:
4111:
4093:
4076:
4050:
4017:
4004:
3979:
3972:
3946:
3939:
3916:
3901:
3854:(9): e106595.
3834:
3827:
3807:
3800:
3769:
3762:
3744:
3737:
3711:
3654:
3633:
3608:
3582:
3556:
3531:
3464:
3441:
3398:
3387:. 27 July 2016
3376:
3329:(9): e106595.
3306:
3301:Prunus persica
3291:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3250:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3232:
3217:
3210:
3208:
3198:
3191:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3144:
3142:
3135:
3133:
3126:
3124:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3105:
3103:
3096:
3094:
3092:Peach blossoms
3091:
3084:
3082:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3039:
3036:
2909:
2908:Phytochemicals
2906:
2864:
2863:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2693:
2688:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2563:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2346:
2343:
2326:official fruit
2313:
2310:
2284:Severin Roesen
2240:
2237:
2191:
2188:
2140:
2137:
2103:
2100:
1920:
1917:
1908:
1905:
1881:South Carolina
1859:
1858:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1677:
1674:
1662:chlorothalonil
1626:Main article:
1623:
1620:
1395:
1394:
1345:
1343:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1322:walled gardens
1288:Prunus besseyi
1245:
1242:
1230:Main article:
1227:
1224:
1203:
1200:
1138:
1135:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1116:'Duke of York'
1085:
1082:
1019:pollinating it
1008:
1005:
953:in Argentina.
942:
939:
910:Horticulturist
840:Prunus persica
823:
820:
799:
796:
788:Prunus persica
777:malum persicum
772:Ancient Romans
759:
756:
659:Prunus persica
647:
644:
498:Prunus persica
488:
487:
485:
484:
476:
468:
460:
452:
443:Prunus persica
440:
431:Prunus persica
428:
419:Prunus persica
416:
407:Prunus persica
404:
395:Prunus persica
392:
383:Prunus persica
380:
375:Prunus persica
372:
367:Prunus persica
364:
356:
344:
336:
328:
316:
304:
292:
280:
266:
265:
264:
261:
260:
254:
253:
242:
237:Prunus persica
231:
230:
224:
223:
216:
214:
210:
209:
198:
194:
193:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
149:
148:
143:
136:
135:
130:
123:
122:
117:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
86:
85:
81:
80:
72:
71:
63:
62:
54:
53:
43:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8236:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8166:
8164:
8147:
8142:
8138:
8134:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8116:
8112:
8108:
8103:
8099:
8095:
8090:
8086:
8082:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8064:
8060:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8043:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8025:
8021:
8017:
8012:
8008:
8004:
7999:
7995:
7991:
7986:
7982:
7978:
7972:
7967:
7961:
7957:
7956:
7954:
7952:
7948:
7940:
7935:
7931:
7927:
7921:
7917:
7912:
7908:
7904:
7898:
7894:
7889:
7885:
7881:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7863:
7859:
7855:
7850:
7846:
7842:
7837:
7833:
7829:
7823:
7819:
7813:
7809:
7804:
7800:
7796:
7791:
7787:
7783:
7778:
7774:
7770:
7764:
7760:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7742:
7738:
7734:
7729:
7725:
7721:
7716:
7712:
7708:
7702:
7698:
7693:
7689:
7685:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7641:
7637:
7633:
7628:
7624:
7620:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7602:
7598:
7594:
7589:
7585:
7581:
7576:
7572:
7568:
7563:
7559:
7555:
7550:
7546:
7542:
7537:
7533:
7529:
7523:
7519:
7514:
7510:
7506:
7500:
7496:
7491:
7487:
7483:
7477:
7473:
7467:
7463:
7457:
7452:
7446:
7442:
7437:
7431:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7422:
7418:
7414:
7409:
7375:
7370:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7349:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7339:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7329:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7319:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7309:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7299:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7289:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7239:
7235:
7228:
7227:
7217:
7216:
7211:
7208:
7207:
7203:
7201:
7200:Pasque flower
7198:
7197:
7193:
7186:
7185:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7162:
7155:
7154:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7131:
7124:
7123:
7113:
7112:
7107:
7106:Oklahoma rose
7104:
7103:
7099:
7092:
7091:
7086:
7083:
7082:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7072:
7068:
7061:
7060:
7059:Carolina lily
7055:
7052:
7051:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7041:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7031:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7021:
7017:
7010:
7009:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6990:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6980:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6956:
6949:
6948:
6943:
6940:
6939:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6929:
6925:
6918:
6917:
6912:
6911:Apple blossom
6909:
6908:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6888:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6874:
6867:
6866:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6817:
6813:
6811:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6771:
6770:Cherokee rose
6761:
6760:
6756:
6755:
6751:
6744:
6743:
6738:
6735:
6734:
6730:
6728:
6727:Peach blossom
6725:
6724:
6720:
6713:
6712:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6679:
6677:
6676:Apple blossom
6674:
6673:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6659:
6657:
6656:Forget-me-not
6654:
6653:
6649:
6642:
6641:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6612:
6607:
6605:
6600:
6598:
6593:
6592:
6589:
6577:
6569:
6568:
6565:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6545:
6543:
6539:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6487:
6481:
6480:
6479:Prunus texana
6476:
6474:
6473:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6453:
6452:
6448:
6446:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6422:
6421:
6420:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6409:
6405:
6401:
6393:
6388:
6386:
6381:
6379:
6374:
6373:
6370:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6333:
6332:
6328:
6323:
6319:
6318:
6314:
6305:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6270:(6): e38992.
6269:
6265:
6261:
6254:
6251:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6234:
6232:
6223:
6220:
6207:
6201:
6198:
6193:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6141:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6111:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6092:
6090:
6086:
6081:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6065:
6058:
6055:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6031:
6028:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6008:(2): 147–51.
6007:
6003:
5996:
5994:
5990:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5968:
5964:
5957:
5950:
5947:
5941:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5917:
5914:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5881:
5878:
5866:
5862:
5856:
5853:
5840:
5836:
5830:
5827:
5814:
5810:
5804:
5801:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5776:
5770:
5766:
5765:
5756:
5753:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5707:
5703:
5697:
5694:
5682:
5678:
5672:
5669:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5638:
5635:
5624:
5620:
5613:
5610:
5599:
5595:
5588:
5585:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5563:"State Fruit"
5558:
5555:
5543:
5542:
5535:
5532:
5519:
5513:
5510:
5505:
5499:
5495:
5488:
5485:
5477:
5473:
5466:
5462:
5456:
5453:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5385:
5382:
5369:
5365:
5359:
5356:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5323:
5320:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5287:
5284:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5265:
5264:
5256:
5253:
5240:
5236:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5222:0-8493-8804-X
5219:
5215:
5209:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5196:
5194:9781462268412
5190:
5186:
5185:
5177:
5174:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5156:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5128:
5125:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5061:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5038:
5030:
5027:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4989:
4986:
4981:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4948:
4945:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4918:
4915:
4902:
4898:
4897:Garten-pur.de
4894:
4888:
4885:
4877:
4873:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4848:
4845:
4833:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4814:
4811:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4779:
4776:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4753:
4746:
4743:
4730:
4726:
4720:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4700:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4681:
4678:
4665:
4661:
4655:
4652:
4639:
4635:
4629:
4626:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4600:
4587:
4583:
4577:
4574:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4515:
4511:
4505:
4502:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4429:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4406:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4382:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4355:
4352:
4344:
4337:
4331:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4312:
4309:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4284:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4230:
4227:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4184:
4177:
4174:
4169:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4131:
4122:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4104:
4097:
4094:
4089:
4088:
4080:
4077:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4008:
4005:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3980:
3975:
3973:0-19-211579-0
3969:
3965:
3960:
3959:
3950:
3947:
3942:
3940:0-8493-8980-1
3936:
3933:. CRC Press.
3932:
3931:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3905:
3902:
3897:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3838:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3820:
3819:
3811:
3808:
3803:
3797:
3793:
3788:
3787:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3765:
3759:
3755:
3748:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3715:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3650:0-262-53267-0
3647:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3609:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3557:
3544:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3484:(3): e90574.
3483:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3465:
3460:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3402:
3399:
3386:
3380:
3377:
3372:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3295:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3270:
3263:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3233:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3160:
3155:
3148:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3116:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2993:bitter almond
2990:
2986:
2983:designation:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2899:
2898:glycemic load
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2870:carbohydrates
2861:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2806:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2612:
2604:
2597:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2571:
2564:
2562:
2554:
2547:
2545:
2540:Riboflavin (B
2537:
2530:
2528:
2520:
2507:
2504:
2503:beta-Carotene
2500:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2402:
2401:Dietary fiber
2398:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:Carbohydrates
2372:
2368:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2318:
2312:United States
2311:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2276:Édouard Manet
2273:
2269:
2265:
2264:Vicenzo Campi
2261:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2206:citadel (now
2205:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2145:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2065:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2039:Zhang Daoling
2036:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1981:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1885:Latin America
1882:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1832:United States
1822:
1821:
1817:
1815:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1761:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1725:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1608:pollen source
1606:It is a good
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1582:Gynanisa maja
1578:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1391:
1388:
1380:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1346:This section
1344:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1297:Peaches need
1295:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1269:
1250:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1143:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1090:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1039:, India, and
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
952:
948:
940:
938:
934:
931:
927:
922:
919:
914:
911:
907:
903:
902:Ibn al-'Awwam
898:
896:
891:
887:
882:
877:
875:
870:
868:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
833:
828:
821:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
798:Fossil record
797:
795:
793:
789:
784:
778:
773:
769:
765:
757:
755:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
668:
664:
660:
654:Peach flowers
652:
645:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
521:Eastern China
518:
514:
510:
506:
503:
499:
495:
480:
477:
472:
469:
464:
461:
456:
453:
448:
447:scleropersica
444:
441:
436:
432:
429:
424:
420:
417:
412:
408:
405:
402:(Loudon) Bean
400:
396:
393:
388:
384:
381:
376:
373:
368:
365:
360:
357:
352:
348:
345:
340:
337:
332:
329:
324:
323:scleropersica
320:
317:
312:
308:
305:
300:
296:
293:
288:
284:
281:
276:
273:
262:
259:
255:
250:
246:
240:
238:
232:
229:
228:Binomial name
225:
221:
220:
215:
212:
211:
208:
207:
199:
196:
195:
192:
191:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:Tracheophytes
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
96:
91:
87:
82:
78:
73:
69:
64:
60:
55:
50:
47:
40:
36:
32:
27:
19:
7950:
7420:
7373:
7362:Yellow elder
7356:
7346:
7336:
7326:
7316:
7306:
7296:
7292:Rhododendron
7286:
7276:
7266:
7256:
7246:
7236:
7224:
7213:
7204:
7194:
7182:
7173:
7163:
7151:
7142:
7138:Oregon grape
7132:
7120:
7109:
7100:
7088:
7079:
7069:
7057:
7048:
7038:
7034:Yucca flower
7028:
7018:
7006:
7003:Purple lilac
6997:
6987:
6977:
6967:
6957:
6945:
6936:
6926:
6914:
6905:
6895:
6885:
6875:
6863:
6854:
6844:
6834:
6824:
6814:
6800:
6790:
6780:
6768:
6757:
6752:
6740:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6709:
6700:
6690:
6680:
6670:
6660:
6650:
6638:
6629:
6477:
6470:
6463:
6456:
6449:
6442:
6434:
6426:
6417:
6403:
6399:
6355:
6339:
6321:
6267:
6263:
6253:
6240:
6236:
6230:
6222:
6210:. Retrieved
6200:
6168:(2): 143–7.
6165:
6161:
6105:
6101:
6071:
6067:
6063:
6057:
6040:
6036:
6030:
6005:
6001:
5966:
5962:
5949:
5930:
5926:
5916:
5891:
5887:
5880:
5868:. Retrieved
5864:
5855:
5843:. Retrieved
5829:
5817:. Retrieved
5803:
5791:. Retrieved
5763:
5755:
5743:. Retrieved
5734:
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5706:Delaware.gov
5705:
5696:
5684:. Retrieved
5681:Delaware.gov
5680:
5671:
5659:. Retrieved
5655:the original
5646:
5637:
5626:, retrieved
5622:
5612:
5601:, retrieved
5597:
5587:
5575:. Retrieved
5571:the original
5566:
5557:
5546:, retrieved
5540:
5534:
5522:. Retrieved
5512:
5493:
5487:
5476:the original
5471:
5455:
5445:24 September
5443:. Retrieved
5436:the original
5394:
5390:
5384:
5372:. Retrieved
5367:
5358:
5346:. Retrieved
5342:the original
5322:
5310:. Retrieved
5306:the original
5293:한국에서의 복숭아 재배
5286:
5262:
5255:
5243:. Retrieved
5239:the original
5229:
5213:
5183:
5176:
5167:
5158:
5146:. Retrieved
5141:
5137:
5127:
5115:. Retrieved
5106:
5083:24 September
5081:. Retrieved
5077:the original
5072:
5063:
5053:24 September
5051:. Retrieved
5042:
5036:
5029:
4994:
4988:
4961:
4957:
4947:
4935:. Retrieved
4917:
4905:. Retrieved
4896:
4887:
4853:
4847:
4835:. Retrieved
4820:
4813:
4791:(2): 88–95.
4788:
4784:
4778:
4766:. Retrieved
4755:
4745:
4733:. Retrieved
4729:the original
4719:
4704:
4693:
4684:
4680:
4670:24 September
4668:. Retrieved
4654:
4644:24 September
4642:. Retrieved
4628:
4618:24 September
4616:. Retrieved
4602:
4592:24 September
4590:. Retrieved
4576:
4565:the original
4551:
4543:the original
4518:. Retrieved
4504:
4492:. Retrieved
4468:
4460:
4442:
4439:EFSA Journal
4438:
4428:
4414:cite journal
4395:
4391:
4381:
4364:
4360:
4354:
4343:the original
4330:
4321:
4311:
4299:. Retrieved
4295:
4286:
4274:. Retrieved
4269:
4260:
4243:
4239:
4229:
4217:. Retrieved
4189:
4185:
4176:
4139:
4135:
4129:
4121:
4102:
4096:
4086:
4079:
4069:24 September
4067:. Retrieved
4053:
4030:
4020:
4012:
4007:
3996:the original
3982:
3957:
3949:
3929:
3910:
3904:
3851:
3847:
3837:
3817:
3810:
3785:
3753:
3747:
3722:
3714:
3671:
3667:
3657:
3641:
3636:
3624:. Retrieved
3620:
3611:
3601:24 September
3599:. Retrieved
3585:
3573:. Retrieved
3568:
3559:
3547:. Retrieved
3481:
3477:
3467:
3459:the original
3411:
3407:
3401:
3389:. Retrieved
3379:
3326:
3322:
3300:
3294:
3281:
3272:
3223:Claude Monet
3218:
3199:
3041:
2997:
2984:
2975:, including
2954:anthocyanins
2951:
2947:isoquercetin
2939:ellagic acid
2933:, including
2927:epicatechins
2911:
2904:human body.
2902:
2867:
2825:
2820:
2695:
2690:
2683:
2489:
2484:
2477:
2443:
2419:
2375:
2350:Peaches, raw
2339:state flower
2323:
2303:
2297:
2272:Claude Monet
2257:
2251:
2218:
2216:
2196:Qing dynasty
2193:
2167:
2161:
2150:
2130:
2124:
2117:
2116:period, and
2107:
2105:
2087:
2086:in his work
2077:bitten peach
2074:
2067:
2049:
2043:
2035:Tao Yuanming
2024:
2006:
1991:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1959:
1943:
1941:
1928:
1910:
1869:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1841:
1683:Peaches are
1682:
1679:
1647:
1618:for aphids.
1605:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1502:tussock moth
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1423:
1415:caterpillars
1404:
1398:
1383:
1374:
1359:Please help
1347:
1315:
1311:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1273:
1270:in midsummer
1237:
1235:
1226:Flat peaches
1219:
1217:
1205:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:The variety
1148:
1128:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1071:
1068:
1061:
1057:
1049:
1022:
974:
970:Pennsylvania
966:William Penn
955:
944:
935:
923:
915:
905:
899:
878:
871:
867:Jōmon period
864:
839:
837:
815:
810:deposits in
801:
787:
763:
761:
752:
733:
711:veined. The
658:
657:
617:
612:
599:Peaches and
598:
579:
550:
539:
537:
532:
528:
509:domesticated
497:
493:
491:
478:
470:
462:
454:
450:(Rchb.) Voss
446:
442:
434:
430:
422:
418:
410:
406:
398:
394:
386:
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
346:
338:
330:
322:
318:
310:
306:
298:
294:
286:
282:
274:
236:
234:
218:
217:
201:
189:
152:
139:
126:
113:
46:
26:
8214:Fruit trees
7715:NatureServe
7666:iNaturalist
7445:Wikispecies
7342:Flores mayo
7302:Wood violet
6501:Peach Melba
6465:Prunus mira
6435:nucipersica
6212:3 September
6162:Toxicol Res
5148:19 February
4445:(3): 4038.
4392:HortScience
4322:History Net
4159:2434/218547
3303:(L.) Batsch
3244:Kōno Bairei
3229: 1866
3060:polyphenols
3024:anaphylaxis
3004:intolerance
2969:rose family
2935:gallic acid
2914:polyphenols
2890:Daily Value
2523:Thiamine (B
2334:boll weevil
2200:Quang Trung
2109:Samguk Sagi
1934:during the
1685:climacteric
1419:Greasebands
1202:Peacherines
1155:nucipersica
1122:'Rochester'
1119:'Peregrine'
1007:Cultivation
951:Inca Empire
886:Herculaneum
646:Description
592:, known as
573:rose family
466:(L.) Borkh.
370:(L.) Stokes
133:Angiosperms
8163:Categories
7923:WisFlora:
7836:Plant List
7525:Calflora:
7262:Red clover
6973:Bitterroot
6553:Peach Drop
6520:Production
6427:platycarpa
5870:11 October
5524:17 October
5397:(3): 203.
5348:12 January
5312:12 January
5302:Britannica
5245:1 November
5216:, p. 218,
4937:3 November
4301:7 November
4276:7 November
4246:(4): 683.
4219:8 November
3626:11 October
3575:23 October
3264:References
3064:terpenoids
3032:angioedema
2979:(note the
2961:glucosides
2757:Phosphorus
2300:Roald Dahl
2260:Caravaggio
2182:sakura-iro
2075:The term "
2069:Fú lù shòu
2051:Fu Lu Shou
2033:" by poet
1923:See also:
1877:California
1706:Production
1691:Production
1612:honey bees
1536:P. persica
1399:The first
1377:April 2018
1303:Blood meal
1232:Flat peach
1179:bud sports
1163:nectarines
1151:P. persica
1137:Nectarines
1045:quiescence
989:Kit Carson
983:people of
962:New Mexico
854:site near
667:lanceolate
601:nectarines
533:nectarines
513:cultivated
458:(L.) Rchb.
435:platycarpa
423:platycarpa
411:lasiocalyx
197:Subgenus:
18:Peach tree
8042:200010618
8029:200010618
7966:Q21870184
7684:1212858-2
7632:242341609
7614:FloraBase
7252:Sego lily
7184:Goldenrod
7122:Mistletoe
6993:Sagebrush
6983:Goldenrod
6901:Mayflower
6850:Goldenrod
6840:Sunflower
6411:Varieties
6122:2287-1098
6074:: 11–23.
5103:"Peaches"
4907:1 January
4768:8 January
4735:8 January
4520:25 August
4494:25 August
4266:"Peaches"
4214:129925523
4040:780050566
3878:1932-6203
3508:1932-6203
3428:1520-5118
3353:1932-6203
3170:Paintings
3052:aldehydes
3028:urticaria
2985:Amygdalus
2977:amygdalin
2923:catechins
2894:nectarine
2770:Potassium
2744:Manganese
2731:Magnesium
2663:Vitamin K
2650:Vitamin E
2637:Vitamin C
2607:Folate (B
2591:Vitamin B
2557:Niacin (B
2345:Nutrition
2254:, 1881–82
2153:Fukushima
2088:Han Feizi
2017:Zhang Fei
1974:in China.
1932:door gods
1889:Argentina
1670:brown rot
1650:leaf curl
1348:does not
1307:bone meal
1284:rootstock
1218:In 1909,
1159:nectarina
1157:(or var.
1084:Cultivars
972:in 1683.
930:sequenced
881:West Asia
852:Kuahuqiao
804:endocarps
758:Etymology
748:cultivars
721:cultivars
709:pinnately
618:In 2018,
605:trichomes
581:Amygdalus
502:deciduous
399:compressa
351:compressa
299:compressa
213:Species:
206:Amygdalus
103:Kingdom:
8133:27801624
8128:Tropicos
8094:10181592
8081:324718-2
7960:Wikidata
7911:VicFlora
7900:VASCAN:
7893:27801115
7888:Tropicos
7815:PalDat:
7754:NSWFlora
7720:2.147493
7562:eFloraSA
7502:BioLib:
7430:Wikidata
6963:Hawthorn
6947:Tickseed
6942:Magnolia
6860:Magnolia
6810:Milkweed
6742:Tickseed
6635:Camellia
6576:Category
6511:Persipan
6304:22761719
6264:PLOS ONE
6245:Archived
6192:24278641
6140:29043223
6022:10691607
5981:Archived
5908:12166993
5845:26 April
5839:Archived
5819:14 March
5813:Archived
5787:Archived
5783:30844154
5745:28 March
5739:Archived
5729:(2024).
5623:wxga.com
5463:(2006).
5411:20085943
5278:Archived
5168:Statista
5144:(3): 372
5117:3 August
5111:Archived
5047:Archived
5021:81245874
4980:17925301
4931:Archived
4927:UC Davis
4901:Archived
4876:Archived
4837:3 August
4762:Archived
4701:(1938).
4664:Archived
4638:Archived
4612:Archived
4586:Archived
4514:Archived
4485:Archived
4457:Archived
4206:23419302
4168:23525075
4063:Archived
4028:(1864).
3896:25192436
3848:PLOS ONE
3706:26610240
3595:Archived
3549:11 April
3526:24595269
3478:PLOS ONE
3436:23495652
3371:25192436
3323:PLOS ONE
3286:Archived
3282:ipni.org
3044:alcohols
3008:proteins
2981:subgenus
2958:cyanidin
2882:calories
2826:Quantity
2751:0.061 mg
2691:Quantity
2685:Minerals
2601:0.025 mg
2585:0.153 mg
2568:0.806 mg
2551:0.031 mg
2534:0.024 mg
2485:Quantity
2479:Vitamins
2292:Van Gogh
2212:Ngọc Hân
2204:Phú Xuân
2175:momo-iro
2163:Momotarō
2092:Mizi Xia
1622:Diseases
1411:blossoms
1318:espalier
1299:nitrogen
1268:ripening
1244:Planting
1175:dominant
1053:cultivar
1037:Ethiopia
1033:Colombia
985:New York
981:Iroquois
918:Shanghai
890:Vesuvius
856:Hangzhou
834:, London
808:Pliocene
594:persipan
590:marzipan
586:endocarp
577:subgenus
268:Synonymy
258:Synonyms
179:Rosaceae
175:Family:
146:Eudicots
8194:Peaches
8055:5369552
7841:rjp-376
7645:3022511
7549:Ecocrop
7374:Italics
6496:Bellini
6295:3382205
6272:Bibcode
6183:3834451
6131:5642807
5793:21 June
5374:18 July
4252:3741756
3887:4156326
3856:Bibcode
3697:4660870
3676:Bibcode
3517:3940905
3486:Bibcode
3391:8 April
3362:4156326
3331:Bibcode
3070:Gallery
3048:ketones
3012:almonds
3000:allergy
2874:protein
2803:0.17 mg
2725:0.25 mg
2705:Calcium
2657:0.73 mg
2624:Choline
2445:Protein
2330:Georgia
2225:Vietnam
2190:Vietnam
2084:Han Fei
2056:Chinese
2013:Guan Yu
2009:Liu Bei
1980:Chinese
1948:Chinese
1944:t'ao-fu
1872:Georgia
1703:Country
1676:Storage
1642:Lesotho
1638:canning
1369:removed
1354:sources
1329:Insects
1280:grafted
1261:⁄
1238:pan-tao
1029:Ecuador
997:Arizona
947:Spanish
822:History
812:Kunming
802:Fossil
764:persica
744:acidity
713:flowers
702:⁄
688:⁄
678:⁄
561:apricot
540:persica
529:peaches
500:) is a
433:subsp.
278:L. 1753
202:Prunus
185:Genus:
169:Rosales
165:Order:
107:Plantae
70:(1885)
8209:Drupes
8204:Prunus
8107:508766
8016:179653
7974:APDB:
7880:156648
7849:PLANTS
7808:259054
7766:NZOR:
7606:179943
7580:631649
7518:252623
7495:112739
7479:APDB:
7459:AoFP:
7436:Q13189
7169:Violet
7024:Violet
6806:Violet
6759:Azalea
6489:Dishes
6398:Peach
6358:images
6302:
6292:
6190:
6180:
6138:
6128:
6120:
6020:
5906:
5781:
5771:
5711:29 May
5686:30 May
5661:29 May
5628:29 May
5603:29 May
5577:29 May
5548:29 May
5500:
5409:
5270:
5220:
5191:
5019:
5009:
4978:
4828:
4805:802441
4803:
4250:
4212:
4204:
4166:
4109:
4038:
3970:
3937:
3894:
3884:
3876:
3825:
3798:
3760:
3735:
3704:
3694:
3648:
3569:SFGate
3524:
3514:
3506:
3434:
3426:
3369:
3359:
3351:
3246:, 1883
3206:, 1816
3187:, 1774
3056:esters
3026:(e.g.
2998:Peach
2965:malvin
2912:Total
2783:Sodium
2777:190 mg
2670:2.6 μg
2644:6.6 mg
2631:6.1 mg
2516:162 μg
2452:0.91 g
2428:0.25 g
2395:8.39 g
2391:Sugars
2384:9.54 g
2361:Energy
2290:, and
2239:Europe
2229:bonsai
2126:minhwa
2066::
2064:pinyin
2058::
2015:, and
2002:stasis
1993:Táorén
1990::
1988:pinyin
1982::
1958::
1956:pinyin
1950::
1901:Mexico
1899:, and
1893:Brazil
1865:tonnes
1829:
1811:
1796:Greece
1793:
1778:Turkey
1775:
1757:
1739:
1728:15.00
1721:
1666:dodine
1664:, and
1614:and a
1276:budded
1001:Navajo
768:Persia
725:drupes
663:leaves
636:Greece
632:Turkey
567:, and
565:almond
557:cherry
552:Prunus
544:Persia
525:fruits
507:first
354:Loudon
334:Decne.
249:Batsch
190:Prunus
159:Rosids
52:Peach
37:, and
8089:IRMNG
8011:EUNIS
7990:87634
7977:84223
7854:PRPE3
7825:PFI:
7777:NZPCN
7697:24765
7671:78755
7658:30065
7619:46201
7601:EUNIS
7593:PRNPS
7541:4N94F
7505:39540
7482:84205
7469:APA:
6820:Peony
6541:Other
6433:var.
6425:var.
6404:trees
6400:fruit
5984:(PDF)
5959:(PDF)
5520:. BBC
5479:(PDF)
5468:(PDF)
5439:(PDF)
5432:(PDF)
5017:S2CID
4879:(PDF)
4801:JSTOR
4568:(PDF)
4561:(PDF)
4488:(PDF)
4477:(PDF)
4346:(PDF)
4339:(PDF)
4248:JSTOR
4210:S2CID
4202:JSTOR
4044:(pp.
3999:(PDF)
3992:(PDF)
3038:Aroma
2943:Rutin
2872:, 1%
2832:Water
2764:20 mg
2511:16 μg
2405:1.5 g
2139:Japan
2102:Korea
2019:took
1961:Táofú
1919:China
1897:Chile
1847:24.57
1842:World
1836:0.56
1818:0.66
1800:0.89
1782:0.89
1764:1.02
1760:Italy
1746:1.31
1742:Spain
1724:China
1658:ziram
1167:plums
1153:var.
1041:Nepal
783:pêche
740:stone
717:fruit
628:Italy
624:Spain
620:China
613:MYB25
548:genus
494:peach
421:var.
409:var.
397:var.
349:var.
342:Mill.
321:var.
309:var.
297:var.
285:var.
204:subg.
153:Clade
140:Clade
127:Clade
114:Clade
8115:POWO
8102:ITIS
8076:IPNI
8068:3032
8063:GRIN
8050:GBIF
8003:D974
7985:APNI
7926:9122
7903:8872
7862:POWO
7828:2216
7795:7268
7782:2854
7746:3760
7741:NCBI
7707:2525
7692:ITIS
7679:IPNI
7653:GRIN
7640:GBIF
7588:EPPO
7554:1796
7528:8724
7513:BOLD
7490:APNI
7472:3181
7352:Maga
7210:Iris
7044:Rose
6402:and
6300:PMID
6214:2020
6188:PMID
6136:PMID
6118:ISSN
6018:PMID
5904:PMID
5872:2022
5847:2017
5821:2015
5795:2024
5779:PMID
5769:ISBN
5747:2024
5713:2019
5688:2019
5663:2019
5630:2019
5605:2019
5579:2019
5550:2019
5526:2022
5498:ISBN
5447:2012
5407:PMID
5391:JAMA
5376:2020
5350:2010
5334:Nate
5314:2010
5298:Nate
5268:ISBN
5247:2010
5218:ISBN
5189:ISBN
5150:2018
5119:2015
5085:2012
5055:2012
5007:ISBN
4976:PMID
4939:2015
4909:2014
4839:2015
4826:ISBN
4770:2014
4737:2014
4672:2012
4646:2012
4620:2012
4594:2012
4522:2015
4496:2015
4420:link
4303:2023
4278:2023
4221:2023
4164:PMID
4107:ISBN
4071:2012
4036:OCLC
3968:ISBN
3935:ISBN
3892:PMID
3874:ISSN
3823:ISBN
3796:ISBN
3758:ISBN
3733:ISBN
3702:PMID
3646:ISBN
3628:2022
3603:2012
3577:2018
3551:2020
3522:PMID
3504:ISSN
3432:PMID
3424:ISSN
3393:2022
3367:PMID
3349:ISSN
3062:and
2945:and
2937:and
2931:HPLC
2925:and
2835:89 g
2796:Zinc
2790:0 mg
2738:9 mg
2718:Iron
2712:6 mg
2618:4 μg
2170:pink
2157:Brix
2132:jesa
2044:The
1887:are
1879:and
1814:Iran
1610:for
1426:moth
1401:pest
1352:any
1350:cite
792:plum
665:are
634:and
609:gene
569:plum
511:and
505:tree
492:The
8141:WFO
8037:FoC
8024:FNA
7998:CoL
7934:WFO
7875:RHS
7728:NBN
7627:FNA
7575:EoL
7536:CoL
7462:389
6290:PMC
6280:doi
6178:PMC
6170:doi
6126:PMC
6110:doi
6076:doi
6072:153
6045:doi
6010:doi
5971:doi
5935:doi
5931:120
5896:doi
5735:FDA
5399:doi
5395:303
5329:복숭아
4999:doi
4966:doi
4793:doi
4711:226
4447:doi
4400:doi
4369:doi
4365:538
4194:doi
4154:hdl
4144:doi
4046:315
3964:588
3882:PMC
3864:doi
3692:PMC
3684:doi
3512:PMC
3494:doi
3416:doi
3357:PMC
3339:doi
3221:by
3202:by
3002:or
2878:fat
2696:%DV
2490:%DV
2421:Fat
2233:Tết
2208:Huế
2186:).
2060:福祿壽
1936:Han
1573:),
1464:),
1446:),
1363:by
1278:or
1108:'s
1017:bee
519:of
515:in
445:f.
385:f.
8165::
8143::
8130::
8117::
8104::
8091::
8078::
8065::
8052::
8039::
8026::
8013::
8000::
7987::
7962::
7936::
7913::
7890::
7877::
7864::
7851::
7838::
7805::
7792::
7779::
7756::
7743::
7730::
7717::
7694::
7681::
7668::
7655::
7642::
7629::
7616::
7603::
7590::
7577::
7564::
7551::
7538::
7515::
7492::
7447::
7432::
7397:BC
7391:FE
7385:CH
7379:WF
7358:VI
7348:PR
7338:MP
7328:GU
7318:AS
7308:WY
7298:WI
7288:WV
7278:WA
7268:VA
7258:VT
7248:UT
7238:TX
7231:WF
7223:,
7220:WF
7212:,
7206:TN
7196:SD
7189:WF
7181:,
7175:SC
7165:RI
7158:BC
7150:,
7144:PA
7134:OR
7127:FE
7119:,
7116:WF
7108:,
7102:OK
7095:WF
7087:,
7081:OH
7071:ND
7064:WF
7056:,
7050:NC
7040:NY
7030:NM
7020:NJ
7013:WF
7005:,
6999:NH
6989:NV
6979:NE
6969:MT
6959:MO
6952:WF
6944:,
6938:MS
6928:MN
6921:WF
6913:,
6907:MI
6897:MA
6887:MD
6877:ME
6870:WF
6862:,
6856:LA
6846:KY
6836:KS
6826:IA
6816:IN
6808:,
6802:IL
6792:ID
6782:HI
6775:FE
6767:,
6764:WF
6754:GA
6747:WF
6739:,
6733:FL
6723:DE
6716:CH
6708:,
6702:CT
6692:CO
6682:CA
6672:AR
6662:AZ
6652:AK
6645:WF
6637:,
6631:AL
6338:.
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6288:.
6278:.
6266:.
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3058:,
3054:,
3050:,
3046:,
3030:,
3018:,
2941:.
2921:,
2801:2%
2788:0%
2775:6%
2762:2%
2749:3%
2736:2%
2723:1%
2710:0%
2668:2%
2655:5%
2642:7%
2629:1%
2616:1%
2599:1%
2583:3%
2566:5%
2549:2%
2532:2%
2514:2%
2509:2%
2286:,
2282:,
2278:,
2274:,
2270:,
2266:,
2262:,
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2062:;
2011:,
1986:;
1984:桃仁
1954:;
1952:桃符
1946:)(
1915:.
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1895:,
1891:,
1660:,
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1482:,
1476:,
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1305:,
1181:.
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