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to the chair of medicine. Isla taught anatomical theory and dissected corpses in the
Hospital San Juan, incorporating this practice into the teaching of medicine. This had not been done before in the viceroyalty. Mendinueta also ordered José Celestino Mutis to reorganize the Faculty of Medicine. This
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Upon completion of his term as viceroy, Mendinueta returned to Spain on
September 22, 1803. In 1807 he was named chief inspector of military services, member of the Supreme Council of War and advisor of state. During the French invasion he was taken prisoner. In 1814 he was named head of the Supreme
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He tried to increase the supply of medicines to the poor and reorganized the
Hospital San Juan de Dios in Bogotá, providing for a monthly inspection to ensure that the poor were receiving adequate attention there. He took a similar interest in other hospitals in the colony. He founded the pesthouse
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Mendinueta had a reputation as a hard worker and a man of advanced ideas. He had many plans to improve the colony, some of which he was not able to put into effect. Recent wars with
Britain and France had wrecked the economy and stimulated smuggling, and the public treasury was not able to support
157:. The work, divided into four parts (ecclesiastical affairs, administration, finances and the military), is an important account of the colony at the beginning of the nineteenth century, just before the war of independence. The work has not been published in English, and only recently in Spanish (
176:. The Indigenous rebelled because of pressure of taxes and tithes. The rebels assassinated the governor and the collector of tithes. Mendinueta also worked to bring unconquered Indigenous tribes under Spanish authority and reorganized the government of the
128:. A map of the viceroyalty was a preoccupation of Mendinueta, who believed that many of the works he wanted to undertake were not possible without a more accurate knowledge of the geography of the colony.
124:, French, who were traveling with the permission of the Spanish Crown to study the flora, fauna and geography of its American possessions. They also intended to produce a map of South America north of the
224:, a forerunner of Colombian independence, returned surreptitiously to the colony. Mendinueta had him arrested, violating a promise of amnesty (July 19, 1797).
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Mendinueta began his military career as an infantry cadet in 1756. He arrived in
America for the first time in 1763, charged with organizing the militias in
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He faced an insurrection of French
Negroes in Cartagena, who attempted to kill the governor of the city, as well as an insurrection of the natives of
187:, Vélez, and the Llanos, although his proposals were lost in the bureaucracy. He reported that in the territories formerly administrated by the
191:, little progress had been made since the expulsion of that order in 1767. He maintained good relations with the Church, although not with the
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solicited economic support from the viceroy for an astronomical observatory. The observatory was built under the supervision of architect Fray
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He supported scientific investigations in the viceroyalty. In July 1801 he received, with great interest and esteem, the naturalists Baron
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between 1802 and August 1803. Mendinueta got the
Spanish court to send instruments. He ordered the fourth census of the population.
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26:– 1825) was a Spanish lieutenant general and colonial official. From January 2, 1797, to 1803 he was viceroy of
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some of his ideas. Like his predecessor
Ezpeleta, he worked hard to combat smuggling, but with little effect.
153:(1803). He took issue with the negative portrayal of the colony given by one of his predecessor, Archbishop
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During his term of office, he provided water to the western part of Santa Fe, taking it from the
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in Bogotá. In 1801 he took largely successful sanitary measures to avoid a new epidemic of
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from 29 April to 1 May 1794, cavalry under his command clashed with French troops under
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50:. He returned to the New World in 1782; in 1783 he was part of the army in
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On
January 1, 1796, he was named viceroy of New Granada, in succession to
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Biografías de mandatarios y ministros de la Real
Audiencia (1671 a 1819)
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and other cities of the north by improving the road towards Venezuela.
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86:. He received the office from Ezpeleta on January 2, 1797, in
216:(Patriotic Society of Friends of the Country). The newspaper
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Relaciones e informes de los gobernantes de la Nueva Granada
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Relación del estado del Nuevo Reino de Granada. Año de 1803
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plan was adopted by the colonial government in 1804.
34:, and he was awarded the Gran Cruz of Carlos III.
267:. Bogotá, Academia Colombiana de Historia, 1952.
16:Spanish lieutenant general and colonial official
237:. Mendinueta retired in 1822 and died in 1825.
183:He proposed the establishment of bishoprics of
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306:Memoria Sobre el Nuevo Reino de Granada
151:Memoria Sobre el Nuevo Reino de Granada
66:during the years 1793–1795. During the
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212:He supported the foundation of the
220:began publishing during his term.
101:. He improved communications with
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54:. The following year he went to
253:. In: Germán Colmenares (ed.),
257:. Bogotá: Banco Popular, 1989.
149:Mendinueta wrote an extensive
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249:Mendinueta y Múzquiz, Pedro,
281:Real Academia de la Historia
263:Restrepo Sáenz, José María,
90:. He entered the capital of
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341:Antonio José Amar y Borbón
20:Pedro Mendinueta y Múzquiz
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78:As viceroy of New Granada
30:. He was a knight of the
374:Spanish captain generals
369:Viceroys of New Granada
324:José Manuel de Ezpeleta
233:Council of War by King
84:José Manuel de Ezpeleta
331:Viceroy of New Granada
118:Alexander von Humboldt
185:Santa Fe de Antioquia
64:First French Republic
132:José Celestino Mutis
384:Knights of Santiago
316:Government offices
94:on March 18, 1797.
88:Cartagena de Indias
60:War of the Pyrenees
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338:Succeeded by
218:El Correo Curioso
163:978-0-7734-6566-4
136:Domingo de Petrés
99:Río del Arzobispo
32:Order of Santiago
24:Elizondo, Navarre
22:(June 7, 1736 in
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379:Spanish generals
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321:Preceded by
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141:He named Doctor
68:Battle of Boulou
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48:Puerto Rico
28:New Granada
353:Categories
241:References
38:Background
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170:Túquerres
165:, 2003).
56:New Spain
203:smallpox
92:Santa Fe
309:reviews
189:Jesuits
178:Llanos
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111:Carare
52:Havana
107:Vélez
103:Tunja
172:and
159:ISBN
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44:Cuba
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