416:, which saw both Samoobrona and League of Polish Families overperform. Samoobrona thus revived the idea of "People's National Agreement", which would once again consist of Samoobrona, League of Polish Families and Polish People's Party, and pursue a staunchly left-wing economic policy that would reverse the neoliberal reforms of previous reforms. This time, this scenario found agreement among the leadership of Polish People's Party, as
432:
Samoobrona, and found it necessary to maintain the coalition at all cost, as they considered the only way to prevent another economically liberal government from taking power. Samoobrona, however, never referred to its 2005 coalition with League of Polish
Families and Law and Justice as "People's National", and only kept this term as self-description from 2004, calling itself a "socialist-christian" and "people's national" party.
1330:
507:
ideological closeness between it and
Samoobrona RP. However, the coalition talks failed after Polish People's Party declared that it would not enter a coalition with Law and Justice, effectively rendering the grand coalition project impossible. The RLN blamed Samoobrona RP for the failure of negotiations, and accused it of preferring a coalition with left-wing parties instead.
511:
maintain its parliamentary majority. However, instead of turning the grouping into its sister party, Law and
Justice offered the MPs to dissolve the formation and join them. The grouping accepted the offer, and on 30 November 2006, the People's National Movement was dissolved and its MPs became members of Law and Justice.
565:
criticized the grouping, arguing that despite its cooperation with Law and
Justice, the presence of the conservative-nationalist current was marginal and its electoral list promoted 'liberal-leaning' candidates. The party's ideology was pragmatic and ultimately centrist, and followed general concepts
510:
Eventually, the grouping entered talks with Law and
Justice to propose its sister party, with the leader of the grouping, Józef Cepil, stating: "We want to be for the Law and Justice Party what the CSU is for the CDU in our German neighbours." Law and Justice signed an agreement with the formation to
498:
People's
National Movement and its MPs led extensive negotiations and held talks to maintain the coalition between Samoobrona RP, League of Polish Families and Law and Justice in October and November 2006. One of the main proposals of the party was to reach its own agreement with Law and Justice that
475:
left the People's
National Movement and rejoined Samoobrona, becoming the party's MPs once again. While this endangered the existence of the grouping (a minimum of 15 MPs were required), their places were subsequently taken by Piotr Cybulski, formerly a Civic Platform member, and Henryk Młynarczyk -
346:
As the split further deepended divisions between left-wing populist Self-Defence, National-Catholic League of Polish
Families and right-wing populist Law and Justice, the People's National Movement attempted to enter the PiS-SRP-LPR coalition as its fourth member. Once that proposal proved unable to
524:
became the election plenipotentiary of the committee. In elections to provincial assemblies, under an electoral agreement with the Law and
Justice party (PiS), candidates of the People's National Movement took fifth places on the lists of the Law and Justice party. Among the grouping's candidates,
506:
However, Andrzej Lepper ruled out a coalition that would include People's
National Movement, as the grouping was compose of dissident MPs that abandoned his party. The formation criticized Lepper's decision and argued that talks with it were not only necessary, but also possible given the possible
383:
that privatized state industries, abolished regulations, slashed the socialist welfare state, and removed trade protections - something that Samoobrona decried as "socio-economic satanism" and "economic genocide", citing the spike in inflation, unemployment and death rates caused by these reforms.
556:
It supported the proposal of League of Polish Families to modify the 38th article of the Polish constitution to include "legal protection of life", which would have implemented a constitutional ban on abortion. Economically, the People's National Movement called for a 'solidarist state', which it
400:
Despite its far-left position, Samoobrona would then inch closer to the far-right League of Polish Families, given that both parties were bitterly opposed to the further privatization plans proposed and carried out by the government. This gave rise to the offer of 'reactivating' the concept of
499:
would make it formally enter the coalition as its 4th member, but this idea was rejected. Afterwards, the grouping promoted the concept of a 5-member grand coalition that would include not only Samoobrona RP, League of Polish Families, PiS and People's National Movement, but also the agrarian
431:
This proposal was directly replaced by the coalition between Samoobrona, League of Polish Families and (back then) Christian democrat Law and Justice; the founders of the People's National Movement took the name of their parliamentary group directly from The People's National Bloc concept of
43:
483:, the leader of PiS, to further encourage defections from Samoobrona RP. Attempts to win support for Jarosław Kaczyński's government from successive Self-Defence MPs took the form of political corruption involving the Law and Justice party leaders in the persons of
533:, Mazowieckie Voivodeship). The best-known candidate of the grouping in this election was Piotr Misztal, a candidate for Mayor of Łódź, who came 4th out of 13 candidates, winning 8952 votes, i.e. 4.04%. In the second round, he gave his support to PiS candidate
519:
Prior to the 2006 local government elections, the People's national Movement Parliamentary Club submitted its own lists of candidates for local government in five provinces at commune and district level as the People's Christian Movement Electoral Committee.
560:
The ideological profile of the grouping was unclear given its mixed character and provisional organisation. Its close cooperation and eventual absorption by Law and Justice implies a right-leaning political position of the formation. However, conservative
384:
However, Samoobrona is explicitly socialist and not only sympathises with the former People's Republic of Poland, but openly identifies with its communist form of society and socialist ideals. This bloc was to include Samoobrona as well as agrarian
503:. Leader of the People's National Movement, Jan Bestry, declared his readiness to negotiate with Samoobrona RP, arguing that it "may be difficult, but not impossible". Regarding PSL, Bestry declared that his formation is very close to PSL.
409:, Lepper reached out to League of Polish Families and proposed a formal alliance that would work on the basis of anti-neoliberalism, despite the ideological differences of the party; however, this proposal was turned down.
396:
once it was founded. However, this plan did not come to fruition as Polish People's Party refused to cooperate with Samoobrona, despite Lepper offering concessions such as ceding leading electoral list positions.
573:
According to Jan Bestry, the main goal of the People's National Movement was to help the farmers and support agrarianism. He accused Samoobrona RP of trying to breach the coalition with PiS in favour of one with
343:, which they considered breaking their coalition agreement with (the coalition was dissolved in 2007). The goal of the People's National Movement was to keep the coalition with Law and Justice at any cost.
2284:
467:
The grouping was in talks to form a government coalition with PiS and LPR during the period when Samoobrona RP was not in it (from 22 September 2006 to 16 October 2006). On 13 October 2006, MPs
495:. However, the public disclosure to the public of the behind-the-scenes activities of politicians effectively blocked the chances of winning majority support for the government in this way.
401:
People's National Bloc, which would include Samoobrona and League of Polish Families, along with dissident politicians of Polish People's Party who questioned the pro-government position of
888:
Wielokierunkowa opozycja parlamentarna w okresie rządów Kazimierza Marcinkiewicza i Jarosława Kaczyńskiego (2005-2007) K. Łabędź (ed.) Opozycja parlamentarna w Polsce w latach 1997-2010
2306:
2264:
1956:
1155:
2299:
1315:
1293:
464:
was appointed chairman of the People's National Movement. The People's National Movement was in opposition to Andrzej Lepper breaking the coalition with Law and Justice.
2833:
2269:
2438:
2294:
1875:
2410:
2578:
2823:
2421:
1030:
375:). This political bloc was to become a permanent formula for cooperation of all parties united by their opposition to neoliberalism, particularly the reforms of
1885:
2645:
2481:
2274:
2782:
2453:
1910:
413:
2396:
2828:
2034:
1930:
355:. In the end, the group was dissolved on 30 November 2006, less than three months after its formation, and all of its members joined Law and Justice.
2598:
2344:
347:
be agreed upon, the group then tried to form an alliance directly with Law and Justice, envisioning to become a minor parent of the party akin to
2470:
2818:
2808:
2001:
1831:
1733:
1726:
1490:
1308:
764:
441:
308:
89:
2568:
2145:
1890:
1064:
546:
352:
914:
2531:
2487:
2427:
2813:
2546:
2465:
2331:
2125:
2065:
1324:
553:
in terms of ideology and described the coalition with it, together with Law and Justice, Samoobrona RP and LPR as its ideal government.
457:
268:
2083:
2140:
425:
2588:
2289:
1173:
2690:
2475:
2326:
2242:
2176:
1981:
1745:
1509:
1370:
1301:
895:
819:
579:
348:
2360:
2230:
421:
2670:
2355:
2039:
393:
367:, the leader of Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland, formulated between 1999 and 2000, called "The People's National Bloc" (
2029:
1843:
1813:
1212:
304:
2055:
1059:. Schriften des Hannah-Arendt-Instituts (in German). Vol. 29. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 337–338.
557:
described as an economy where welfare benefits and economic development would serve the poorest and not the 'narrow elite'.
549:
and aspired to be a sister party of the right-wing populist Law and Justice. It described itself as closest to the agrarian
428:, which made the coalition impossible due to lack of majority, despite the will for cooperation between all three parties.
2583:
2208:
1986:
1230:
861:
17:
989:
2695:
2650:
2511:
2433:
2203:
2023:
1935:
1900:
1247:
942:
784:
121:
2706:
2593:
2558:
2505:
2390:
2170:
1853:
1823:
1615:
545:
According to the grouping, it hoped to "become a base for national-agrarian minded people". It compared itself to the
406:
1961:
1951:
789:
525:
only two candidates obtained councillor seats: Roman Marciniuk and Wiesław Ułasiuk (both on the municipal council of
2459:
2252:
2225:
2220:
2159:
2011:
1996:
1941:
1497:
526:
2620:
2573:
2492:
2403:
2213:
2135:
2103:
1925:
1870:
794:
774:
445:
324:
93:
2722:
2712:
2609:
2443:
1860:
1679:
1565:
1401:
1388:
746:
710:
689:
680:
635:
626:
456:). The new formation included all MPs outside the main political parties except for the representatives of the
449:
340:
103:
2350:
1761:
1603:
1472:
550:
500:
480:
385:
2727:
2700:
2685:
2541:
2448:
2337:
2191:
2017:
575:
453:
1011:
2665:
2630:
2615:
2603:
2521:
2279:
2247:
2186:
1895:
1646:
1191:
769:
402:
1279:
1260:
2680:
2675:
2536:
2526:
2198:
2164:
2045:
1920:
1915:
1704:
1652:
1540:
1351:
138:
840:
664:
2759:
479:
The existence of the grouping and its attempt to maintain the coalition with Law and Justice prompted
2764:
2733:
2498:
2236:
2181:
2006:
1905:
779:
676:
658:
652:
488:
417:
2385:
2050:
1991:
1976:
1946:
1670:
1413:
706:
567:
300:
273:
220:
2787:
2717:
2640:
2552:
1818:
1754:
1590:
389:
376:
263:
234:
146:
134:
646:
1141:(in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 378.
1123:(in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 108.
2098:
1783:
1776:
1739:
1692:
1634:
1627:
1609:
1503:
1478:
1444:
1437:
1407:
1105:(in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 92.
1087:(in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 82.
1060:
974:(in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 81.
891:
534:
2655:
2416:
1848:
1837:
1807:
1717:
1553:
1531:
1465:
1364:
530:
484:
206:
1134:
1116:
1098:
1080:
967:
42:
2777:
2770:
2563:
2093:
1711:
1578:
1547:
1425:
1358:
751:
732:
726:
604:
468:
368:
328:
312:
288:
2060:
721:
694:
2516:
2380:
1686:
1572:
1395:
1376:
631:
622:
364:
2802:
2739:
2258:
1966:
1880:
1865:
1640:
1450:
670:
640:
472:
185:
2660:
2153:
1031:"Bauernrevolte zwischen Oder und Bug? Andrzej Lepper und der Bauernbund Samoobrona"
715:
700:
685:
562:
492:
58:
1971:
1767:
1597:
1517:
1458:
598:
380:
178:
130:
127:
1044:(1999). Bundesinstitut für ostwissenschaftliche und internationale Studien: 2.
616:
592:
521:
461:
63:
440:
People's National Movement was formed on 22 September 2006 by 15 MPs: 8 from
2130:
420:
approved of such coalition and offered Samoobrona a local coalition in the
1419:
171:
151:
2625:
460:, a left-leaning Christian-democrat party representing Polish Germans.
1329:
164:
1057:
Gefährdungen der Freiheit: Extremistische Ideologien im Vergleich
1342:
1156:"Bestry: koalicja PiS-Samoobrona-LPR-PSL-RLN - najspokojniejsza"
339:) and was a response to both parties distancing themselves from
192:
1297:
412:
This proposal was appeared one last time in 2004 following the
1174:"PiS, LPR i Samoobrona powołały zespoły do spraw koalicji"
2285:
Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence
820:"Ruch Ludowo-Narodowy przedłużył umowę programową z PiS"
2755:
italic font – electoral alliances and/or popular fronts
2307:
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
307:. It was founded on 22 September 2006 by former MPs of
1325:
Political parties and political associations in Poland
424:. Ultimately, all three parties underperformed in the
890:. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UP. pp. 130–163.
566:
such as nationalism, agrarianism, and opposition to
2373:
2319:
2116:
2082:
2075:
1795:
1667:
1527:
1338:
247:
233:
219:
205:
191:
157:
145:
120:
109:
99:
85:
77:
69:
57:
49:
28:
1012:"Jurek: rząd ma poparcie większości w parlamencie"
1957:Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League
2439:Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
2295:Polish Socialist Party of the Prussian Partition
1876:Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
363:The name of the party comes from a concept that
862:"Klub Ruchu Ludowo-Narodowego już nie istnieje"
2300:Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction
1231:"Porozumienie PiS-u i Ruchu Ludowo-Narodowego"
962:
960:
958:
956:
582:, given the far-left character of Samoobrona.
1309:
8:
603:from 15 November 2006 to 30 November 2006 -
591:from 22 September 2006 to 27 October 2006 -
586:Presidents of the People's National Movement
1911:Jurassic-Silesian Association European Home
856:
854:
597:from 27 October 2006 to 15 November 2006 -
414:2004 European Parliament election in Poland
2774:****: not currently registered as a party
2579:Movement for the Republic – Patriotic Camp
2370:
2316:
2113:
2079:
1316:
1302:
1294:
1213:"Bestry: Kolejni chcą odejść z Samoobrony"
1207:
1205:
1139:Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym
1121:Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym
1103:Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym
1085:Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym
972:Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
25:
2422:Centre Agreement – Integrative Initiative
2411:Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"
2035:Social Movement of the Republic of Poland
1931:National Party of Retirees and Pensioners
1886:Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement
2834:Political parties disestablished in 2006
2454:Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action
1278:Jackowski, Jan Maria (27 October 2007).
990:"Ruch Ludowo-Narodowy wsparciem dla PiS"
915:"Rozłamowcy z Samoobrony w nowym klubie"
2646:Polish Confederation – Dignity and Work
2599:Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms
2482:Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union
2345:Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth
2270:Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie"
983:
981:
909:
907:
881:
879:
877:
875:
806:
2002:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1150:
1148:
835:
833:
765:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
309:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
303:in the 5th legislature (2005–2007) of
2824:Political parties established in 2006
2569:Movement for Reconstruction of Poland
2397:Agreement for the Future – CenterLeft
2146:Communist Party of Western Belorussia
1891:Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras
988:Kowalski, Bogusław (28 August 2007).
814:
812:
810:
547:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
537:, who was elected for a second term.
353:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
7:
1005:
1003:
941:Rybak, Agnieszka (4 November 2006).
2547:League of the Right of the Republic
2466:Confederation of Independent Poland
2332:Confederation of Independent Poland
1259:Krynicki, Artur (27 October 2006).
1192:"PSL nie rozmawia z PiS o koalicji"
458:German Minority Electoral Committee
448:and 2 independent MPs (formerly in
317:Samoobrona Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej
2275:Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
2141:Communist Party of Western Ukraine
1055:Uwe Backes; Eckhard Jesse (2006).
1029:Lang, Kai-Olaf (3 November 1999).
426:2005 Polish parliamentary election
14:
2691:Self-Defence of the Polish Nation
2512:Feminist Initiative/Women's Party
2327:Communist Party of Poland (Mijal)
2243:Polish Christian Democratic Party
2177:Christian Union of National Unity
1982:Polish Party of Animal Protection
1746:Confederation of the Polish Crown
1510:Confederation of the Polish Crown
585:
349:Christian Social Union in Bavaria
2829:2006 disestablishments in Poland
1328:
491:and, on the part of Samoobrona,
41:
2671:Polish Labour Party - August 80
2488:Democratic Party – demokraci.pl
2428:Centre Agreement – Polish Union
2136:Communist Party of Poland (KPP)
1219:(in Polish). 24 September 2006.
1010:Druś, Marek (17 October 2006).
921:(in Polish). 22 September 2006.
740:Senators of the 6th legislature
611:Senators of the 5th legislature
394:Polish Labour Party - August 80
2231:Polish-Catholic People's Party
1280:"Powyborczy rachunek sumienia"
476:a dissident Samoobrona RP MP.
305:Sejm of the Republic of Poland
1:
2819:Nationalist parties in Poland
2809:2006 establishments in Poland
2290:Polish Socialist Party – Left
2280:Polish Socialist Party (1892)
2265:Polish People's Party "Piast"
2209:National Radical Camp Falanga
1261:"Prawna ochrona życia wg LPR"
1237:(in Polish). 17 October 2006.
1198:(in Polish). 17 October 2006.
1180:(in Polish). 12 October 2006.
1162:(in Polish). 13 October 2006.
826:(in Polish). 17 October 2006.
23:Political party in Poland
2696:Self-Defence Social Movement
2356:Polish United Workers' Party
2204:National Radical Camp (1934)
2024:Silesian Separatist Movement
1936:National Radical Camp (1993)
1901:First Self-Governance League
841:"Powstał nowy klub w Sejmie"
785:Self-Defence Social Movement
2707:Solidarity Electoral Action
2594:National Self-Defence Front
2589:National Party "Fatherland"
2559:Liberal Democratic Congress
2471:Conservative People's Party
2391:Alternative Social Movement
1854:Union of Christian Families
1824:Agreement (political party)
1616:Union of European Democrats
943:"Samoobrona po przejściach"
407:2002 Polish local elections
2850:
2814:Agrarian parties in Poland
2636:People's National Movement
2460:Coalition for the Republic
2012:Silesian Autonomy Movement
1997:Right Wing of the Republic
1942:National Revival of Poland
285:People's National Movement
31:People's National Movement
18:People's National Movement
15:
2783:List of political parties
2752:
2651:Polish Beer-Lovers' Party
2574:Movement for the Republic
2404:Catholic Electoral Action
2214:National Radical Camp ABC
1926:League of Polish Families
1038:Aktuelle Analysen / BIOst
795:Party of Regions (Poland)
775:League of Polish Families
446:League of Polish Families
325:League of Polish Families
259:
40:
2476:Democratic Left Alliance
2444:Christian National Union
1952:Bezpartyjni Samorządowcy
1861:United Beyond Boundaries
1248:Serwis PKW – Wybory 2006
886:Foryś, Grzegorz (2012).
790:Peasants' Party (Poland)
747:Prawica Rzeczypospolitej
580:Democratic Left Alliance
16:Not to be confused with
2728:Third Republic Movement
2701:Social Justice Movement
2542:League and Self-Defense
2449:Christian-Peasant Party
2338:Front of National Unity
2226:National Workers' Party
2221:National People's Union
2126:Catholic People's Party
2018:Silesian Regional Party
422:Łódź Voivodeship Sejmik
351:and its union with the
147:Political position
2666:Polish Reason of State
2616:Patriotic Self-Defence
2187:Popular National Union
1987:Polish Communist Party
1796:Other existing parties
1647:Polish Socialist Party
770:Patriotic Self-Defense
711:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
690:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
681:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
636:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
627:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
578:and social-democratic
372:
332:
316:
292:
2676:Polish National Party
2584:National Party (1989)
2537:Labour Party (Poland)
2527:Initiative for Poland
2361:United People's Party
2351:Polish Workers' Party
2199:National Radical Camp
2165:Labour Faction (1937)
2030:Socialist Alternative
1916:Kashubian Association
1814:Alliance of Democrats
1762:Polish People's Party
1604:Polish People's Party
1473:Polish People's Party
551:Polish People's Party
501:Polish People's Party
405:. Shortly before the
386:Polish People's Party
2237:Polish Catholic Bloc
2182:Camp of Great Poland
2007:Self-Defence Rebirth
1906:Freedom and Equality
847:. 22 September 2006.
780:Self-Defence Rebirth
489:Wojciech Mojzesowicz
418:Janusz Wojciechowski
373:Blok Ludowo-Narodowy
333:Liga Polskich Rodzin
293:Ruch Ludowo-Narodowy
34:Ruch Ludowo-Narodowy
2631:Peasants' Agreement
2434:Christian Democracy
2386:Alliance for Poland
2051:There is One Poland
1992:Real Politics Union
1977:Polish Pirate Party
1947:New Democracy - Yes
1800:political movements
1671:European Parliament
1431:Independents (15)**
568:economic liberalism
515:Electoral Committee
403:Jarosław Kalinowski
301:parliamentary group
235:Regional assemblies
221:European Parliament
2788:Politics of Poland
2718:The Poor of Poland
2641:Poland Comes First
2553:Left and Democrats
2506:European Coalition
2171:National Democracy
2056:Workers' Democracy
1819:Silesians Together
1668:Represented in the
1591:Third Way (Poland)
1484:Independent (1)***
868:. 1 December 2006.
665:Gabriela Masłowska
481:Jarosław Kaczyński
390:agrarian socialist
377:Leszek Balcerowicz
264:Politics of Poland
135:Anti-neoliberalism
2796:
2795:
2748:
2747:
2369:
2368:
2315:
2314:
2112:
2111:
2084:Polish–Lithuanian
1693:Polish Initiative
1610:Centre for Poland
1498:National Movement
1479:Centre for Poland
1408:Polish Initiative
1135:Mateusz Piskorski
1117:Mateusz Piskorski
1099:Mateusz Piskorski
1081:Mateusz Piskorski
1066:978-3-525-36905-0
968:Mateusz Piskorski
677:Henryk Młynarczyk
659:Bogusław Kowalski
653:Ryszard Kaczyński
535:Jerzy Kropiwnicki
282:
281:
269:Political parties
73:22 September 2006
2841:
2760:Zbigniew Ajchler
2656:Poland Fair Play
2621:Party of Regions
2493:Democratic Union
2417:Centre Agreement
2371:
2317:
2160:Labor Party (PP)
2114:
2080:
1871:Civic Initiative
1849:Party of Drivers
1838:All-Polish Youth
1808:Polish Coalition
1698:Independents (3)
1660:Independents (4)
1584:Independents (4)
1559:Independents (4)
1554:Sovereign Poland
1466:Polish Coalition
1382:Independent (2)*
1365:Sovereign Poland
1333:
1332:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1295:
1288:
1287:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1256:
1250:
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1239:
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1227:
1221:
1220:
1209:
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1199:
1188:
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1181:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1143:
1142:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1035:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1007:
998:
997:
985:
976:
975:
964:
951:
950:
938:
923:
922:
911:
902:
901:
883:
870:
869:
858:
849:
848:
837:
828:
827:
816:
707:Andrzej Ruciński
254:
242:
228:
214:
200:
184:
177:
170:
163:
141:
113:
100:Merged into
81:30 November 2006
45:
26:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2778:Portal:Politics
2773:
2771:Marek Biernacki
2768:
2765:Piotr Adamowicz
2762:
2757:
2744:
2723:The Republicans
2610:Social Alliance
2564:Libertas Poland
2365:
2311:
2118:
2108:
2094:Patriotic Party
2085:
2076:Defunct parties
2071:
2066:German Minority
1962:Peasants' Party
1844:National League
1799:
1797:
1791:
1712:Law and Justice
1680:Civic Coalition
1669:
1663:
1621:Independent (1)
1579:Yes! For Poland
1566:Civic Coalition
1548:Law and Justice
1529:
1523:
1426:Yes! For Poland
1389:Civic Coalition
1359:Law and Justice
1340:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1292:
1291:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1242:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1009:
1008:
1001:
994:polskieradio.pl
987:
986:
979:
966:
965:
954:
940:
939:
926:
913:
912:
905:
898:
885:
884:
873:
860:
859:
852:
839:
838:
831:
818:
817:
808:
803:
761:
752:Waldemar Kraska
742:
733:Zygmunt Wrzodak
727:Krzysztof Szyga
647:Tadeusz Dębicki
613:
605:Krzysztof Szyga
588:
570:and austerity.
543:
517:
469:Zygmunt Wrzodak
450:Law and Justice
438:
361:
341:Law and Justice
278:
255:
252:
248:City presidents
243:
240:
229:
226:
215:
212:
201:
198:
182:
181:
175:
174:
168:
167:
161:
137:
133:
126:
111:
86:Split from
36:
35:
32:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2847:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2801:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2686:Right Alliance
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
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2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:Forward Poland
2514:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2381:Ancestral Home
2377:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2341:
2334:
2329:
2323:
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2313:
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2309:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2253:People's Party
2250:
2245:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2192:National Party
2189:
2184:
2179:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2119:inter-war eras
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2099:Hetmans' Party
2096:
2090:
2088:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1803:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1765:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1715:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:Civic Platform
1675:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1576:
1573:Civic Platform
1562:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1536:
1534:
1528:Represented in
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1448:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1396:Civic Platform
1385:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:Polish Affairs
1374:
1368:
1362:
1347:
1345:
1339:Represented in
1336:
1335:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1284:radiomaryja.pl
1270:
1251:
1240:
1222:
1201:
1183:
1165:
1144:
1126:
1108:
1090:
1072:
1065:
1047:
1021:
999:
977:
952:
924:
903:
896:
871:
850:
829:
805:
804:
802:
799:
798:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
760:
757:
756:
755:
749:
741:
738:
737:
736:
730:
724:
719:
713:
704:
698:
692:
683:
674:
668:
662:
656:
650:
644:
638:
632:Piotr Cybulski
629:
620:
612:
609:
608:
607:
601:
595:
587:
584:
576:Civic Platform
542:
539:
516:
513:
454:Civic Platform
437:
434:
365:Andrzej Lepper
360:
357:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
266:
260:
257:
256:
251:
249:
245:
244:
239:
237:
231:
230:
225:
223:
217:
216:
211:
209:
203:
202:
197:
195:
189:
188:
159:
155:
154:
149:
143:
142:
124:
118:
117:
114:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
61:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
38:
37:
33:
30:
29:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2846:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2740:Your Movement
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:Initiative RP
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Freedom Union
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:Communist era
2318:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2259:Polish Centre
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Peasant Party
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2115:
2105:
2104:Familia Party
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1967:Piast Faction
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1881:Common Powiat
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1866:Better Poland
1864:
1862:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1832:Confederation
1829:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1794:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1734:Confederation
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1727:Confederation
1724:
1719:
1718:United Poland
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1666:
1659:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:Left Together
1639:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1526:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1491:Confederation
1488:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1451:Left Together
1449:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
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1353:
1349:
1348:
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1337:
1331:
1326:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1149:
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1136:
1130:
1127:
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1118:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1043:
1040:(in German).
1039:
1032:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1000:
995:
991:
984:
982:
978:
973:
969:
963:
961:
959:
957:
953:
948:
944:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
925:
920:
916:
910:
908:
904:
899:
897:9788372717146
893:
889:
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880:
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867:
863:
857:
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851:
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842:
836:
834:
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821:
815:
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811:
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781:
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771:
768:
766:
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748:
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734:
731:
728:
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723:
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714:
712:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
691:
687:
684:
682:
678:
675:
672:
671:Piotr Misztal
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
641:Marian Daszyk
639:
637:
633:
630:
628:
624:
621:
618:
615:
614:
610:
606:
602:
600:
596:
594:
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589:
583:
581:
577:
571:
569:
564:
558:
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552:
548:
540:
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532:
531:Łosice County
528:
523:
514:
512:
508:
504:
502:
496:
494:
490:
486:
485:Adam Lipiński
482:
477:
474:
473:Marian Daszyk
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
444:, 5 from the
443:
442:Samoobrona RP
435:
433:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
398:
395:
391:
387:
382:
378:
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275:
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246:
238:
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232:
224:
222:
218:
210:
208:
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196:
194:
190:
187:
180:
173:
166:
160:
156:
153:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:
125:
123:
119:
115:
108:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
65:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
39:
27:
19:
2754:
2732:
2705:
2681:Reason Party
2661:Polish Union
2635:
2608:
2551:
2504:
2497:
2480:
2458:
2426:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2343:
2336:
2257:
2235:
2169:
2154:Front Morges
2152:
2086:Commonwealth
2046:Slavic Union
1921:Labour Party
1830:
1806:
1775:
1753:
1725:
1705:United Right
1703:
1678:
1653:Labour Union
1626:
1589:
1564:
1541:United Right
1539:
1489:
1464:
1436:
1387:
1352:United Right
1350:
1286:(in Polish).
1283:
1273:
1267:(in Polish).
1264:
1254:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1168:
1159:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1056:
1050:
1041:
1037:
1024:
1018:(in Polish).
1015:
996:(in Polish).
993:
971:
949:(in Polish).
946:
918:
887:
865:
844:
823:
745:Adam Biela,
722:Leszek Sułek
716:Anna Sobecka
701:Bernard Ptak
695:Józef Pilarz
686:Halina Molka
572:
563:Radio Maryja
559:
555:
544:
518:
509:
505:
497:
493:Renata Beger
478:
466:
439:
430:
411:
399:
392:), and also
362:
345:
336:
320:
296:
284:
283:
50:Abbreviation
2734:United Left
2499:Europa Plus
2117:Pre-war and
1972:Polish Left
1768:Poland 2050
1598:Poland 2050
1459:Poland 2050
947:polityka.pl
623:Józef Cepil
599:Jozef Cepil
388:(back then
381:Jerzy Buzek
131:agrarianism
110:Membership
2803:Categories
2374:Modern era
2061:Freedomers
2040:Solidarity
1414:The Greens
1217:interia.pl
801:References
617:Jan Bestry
593:Jan Bestry
522:Jan Bestry
462:Jan Bestry
139:Solidarism
64:Jan Bestry
2131:Centrolew
1755:Third Way
1420:AGROunion
1196:wprost.pl
529:, in the
274:Elections
78:Dissolved
2767:et al.,
1784:New Left
1777:The Left
1740:New Hope
1635:New Left
1628:The Left
1518:Kukiz'15
1504:New Hope
1445:New Left
1438:The Left
1371:Renew RP
1160:money.pl
1137:(2010).
1119:(2010).
1101:(2010).
1083:(2010).
970:(2010).
919:money.pl
759:See also
541:Ideology
527:Olszanka
452:and the
299:) was a
172:Cerulean
128:National
122:Ideology
2626:Party X
1896:Falanga
436:History
253:0 / 117
241:0 / 552
213:0 / 100
199:0 / 460
158:Colours
70:Founded
2713:Spring
1532:Senate
1402:Modern
1392:(157)
1355:(191)
1063:
894:
369:Polish
359:Origin
329:Polish
323:) and
313:Polish
289:Polish
227:0 / 51
207:Senate
183:
176:
169:
162:
152:Centre
112:(2006)
59:Leader
2769:***:
1708:(20)
1683:(21)
1594:(12)
1569:(41)
1544:(34)
1494:(18)
1469:(32)
1441:(26)
1398:(127)
1361:(165)
1265:wp.pl
1235:wp.pl
1178:wp.pl
1034:(PDF)
1016:pb.pl
866:wp.pl
845:wp.pl
824:wp.pl
186:White
165:Green
2763:**:
2604:Now!
2068:****
1780:(3)
1758:(3)
1730:(6)
1714:(18)
1689:(17)
1631:(9)
1575:(36)
1550:(29)
1530:the
1475:(28)
1461:(33)
1447:(19)
1367:(18)
1343:Sejm
1341:the
1061:ISBN
892:ISBN
487:and
471:and
379:and
193:Sejm
92:and
2758:*:
1798:and
1786:(3)
1770:(1)
1764:(2)
1748:(1)
1742:(2)
1736:(3)
1720:(2)
1695:(1)
1655:(1)
1649:(1)
1643:(2)
1637:(5)
1618:(1)
1612:(1)
1606:(4)
1600:(5)
1581:(1)
1556:(1)
1520:(3)
1512:(3)
1506:(8)
1500:(6)
1481:(3)
1453:(7)
1428:(1)
1422:(1)
1416:(3)
1410:(4)
1404:(6)
1379:(1)
1373:(5)
337:LPR
321:SRP
297:RLN
179:Red
104:PiS
94:LPR
90:SRP
53:RLN
2805::
1282:.
1263:.
1233:.
1215:.
1204:^
1194:.
1176:.
1158:.
1147:^
1042:46
1036:.
1014:.
1002:^
992:.
980:^
955:^
945:.
927:^
917:.
906:^
874:^
864:.
853:^
843:.
832:^
822:.
809:^
709:,
688:,
679:–
634:–
625:,
371::
335:,
331::
319:,
315::
295:,
291::
116:15
2042:*
2026:*
2020:*
2014:*
1938:*
1840:*
1317:e
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1069:.
900:.
754:.
735:.
729:,
718:,
703:,
697:,
673:,
667:,
661:,
655:,
649:,
643:,
619:,
327:(
311:(
287:(
20:.
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