337:. Diaconescu started his career in the early 1990s as a local journalist who gradually gained recognition by his revelations of corruption and economic scandals, and in the 2000s he came to own his own channel and TV show. By 2008, his channel became the third most popular channel in Romania, and Diaconescu became known for his creativity and willingness to challenge the social problems of the post-communist Romania. He used a colloquial, slang-like language that was particularly appealing to the poor and groups impoverished by the capitalist transition. Diaconescu's aggressive rhetoric and increasing popularity made him decide to get involved in Romanian politics.
341:
denied the charge and started believing that it is up to him to stop the corruption and injustice of
Romania. Diaconescu then attempted to register a political party under the name "People's Party" in November 2010. While the Court of Bucharest initially approved of the registration, it was legally challenged due to procedural irregularities. By April 2011, Diaconescu changed the party's name to "People's Party - Dan Diaconenscu", but the registration was denied on the basis of the founder's private name and surname being included in the name. However, the party was eventually registered on 19 September 2011.
47:
465:"country" should belonged to the people in terms of collective property, while the "state" is owned by the corrupt and wealthy few; this leads to the situation where the "country" made of proletariat is alienated by the "state" led by the bourgeoisie, and must overthrow them. In effect, this made Diaconescu and his party similar to the left-wing populist movements of Latin America. Diaconescu was compared to the Venezuelan socialist leader
301:
Romanian post-1990 populism was of distinctively left-wing yet nationalist character, embodying the sense of loss of
Romanian sovereignty along with the deprivation of social stability that existed under socialism - employment, security, order, equality, protection, feeling of belonging. The intensification of the post-communist economic crisis and social hardship in Romania escalated between 1997 and 2000, allowing the populist
502:
1440:
289:
constitution in 1991, Romania was subject to social unrest; austerity, deregulation and privatization made poverty rates, unemployment and inflation soar, and street riots were quelled on several occasions by the intervention of guard brigades of mine workers, with the last such occuerence taking place as late as in 1999. The economic neoliberal reforms that picked up pace after the fall of
387:, where despite existing for less than a year, the party obtained approximately 14.5% of the votes in both Chambers of Parliament, only winning 3% less of the popula rvote than the Liberal-Democratic Party. This was despite the fact that the closed list proportional system was replaced with first-past-the-post single-member districts, which proved fatal to the Greater Romania Party in the
372:, when the party managed to win 9% of the popular and come in third. This was considered impressive as the local elections in Romania are consolidated difficult for newly-formed parties. This victory galvanized support for the party, and its populist appeal became even more attractive to Romanian voters after the failure of the
456:
The PP-DD called its own program "The 100 Points of the New
Revolution", and made the socialist, revolutionary language a key element of its electoral message. The party argued that Romanian society could only be saved through a radical change embodied by a revolution, arguing that the post-communist
312:
The
Greater Romania Party managed to unite both nationalist and socialist voters, focusing on the exclusion of the poor from the mainstream society while also decrying the "huge theft" of national assets that had been privatized. This allowed the party to form a large coalition of voters who suffered
344:
The party was initially a personalistic party made for the political ambitions of Dan
Diaconescu. The party quickly grew in scope and became a left-wing populist party, acting as a voice against the political instability and economic downturn. The party proposed populist and social-oriented policies
340:
The origins of the party date back to 2010, when
Diaconescu was arrested in June 2010 together with his OTV co-worker Doru Pârv. Both men were accused of blackmailing a town mayor with evidence of corruption, and demanding a payment of 200,000 Euro in exchange for staying silent. Diaconescu strongly
476:
and his brand of left-wing populism. The main focus on the party was eradication of poverty in
Romania and "the destruction of the corrupt political class". The PP-DD was also neo-communist, though with a strong nationalist element. The party had a strong anti-establihment discourse, calling for
324:
emerged victorious. Its government took drastic austerity measures, bringing back the social discontent of the 1990s and causing the voters to turn away from the party. By 2011, riots and protests were organized against the government and its austerity measures, and protesters denounced both the
300:
Populists that emerged on the
Romanian political scene denounced impoverished, corruption, privatization as well as abuses of power that were brough about by the capitalist reforms, and called for justice against the establishment that they blamed for the injustice caused by the transition. The
288:
Since the events of
December 1989, which led to the fall of the communist regime, Romania has undergone one of the most problematic transformations from the socialist planned economy to neoliberal capitalism in Central and Eastern Europe. After the adoption of the first and only post-communist
360:
Diaconescu then formed the program of the party, based on nationalist and socialist policies. He denounced the "theft of the national fortune" that he defined as privatization, protested restructuring of state-owned enterprises, called for the defense of workers' and trade unions' rights, and
464:
Romanian political scientists Andrei Taranu and
Valentin Nicolescu note that the party's approach contained many elements taken "form the communist party", particularly the imagery as well as the attitude towards society. Taranu and Nicolescu noted that for example, the PP-DD argued that the
357:. This was done to legitimatize the party; the party also had a position of "first vice-president", but in May 2013 the position was abolished when the party member occupying the office was expelled after conducting secretive negotiations with social democrats.
313:
because of the capitalist transition. This kind of populism was subsequently adopted by most mainstream Romanian parties at the time, which caused the Greater Romania Party to slowly disintegrate, yet leave a permanent mark on the political culture of Romania.
951:
The Partidul Poporului – Dan Diaconescu (People's Party – Dan Diaconescu, PP-DD) was founded in 2011 by TV host and media entrepreneur Dan Diaconescu shortly after his release from prison for a case of extortion. The party was left-wing nationalist and
365:, an organization which Diaconescu considered a "foreign intruder". He vigorously campaigned across the country and established many political connections, willing to include even those with vague ideological connections to his program in the party.
1266:
348:
In January 2012, the party congress adopted a formal party structure and composition. Diaconescu did not want to become the president of his own party and instead supported Simona Man for this position, who was the nice of
1048:
Corbu, Nicola; Balaban-Bălaş, Delia; Negrea-Busuioc, Elena (26 July 2016). "25. Romania. Populist Ideology Without Teeth". In Toril Aalberg; Frank Esser; Carsten Reinemann; Jesper Strömbäck; Claes H. de Vreese (eds.).
345:
that would help the poorest and protect disadvantaged social groups from the financial crisis and its effects. The party was greatly critical of other political parties, and particularly attacked austerity policies.
477:
lower taxes for the poorest and restoriation of state involvement in the market to socialist-era levels, renationalizing privatized enterprises and greatly limiting market mechanics.
2241:
2120:
380:, yet the referendum failed as it narrowly missed the 50% turnout necessary to make the referendum binding. This undermined the popular trust in Romanian government and democracy.
1421:
1505:
1153:
1943:
863:
2516:
1500:
373:
1923:
1918:
1267:"Harta traseismului politic. "Dacă o femeie îşi părăseşte bărbatul pentru că are un amant, iar alta îl lasă pentru că e bătută, se cheamă că amândouă sunt traseiste?""
1470:
1510:
2521:
1948:
1287:
2501:
881:
2044:
325:
government as well as the mainstream opposition. This became an opportunity for new populist forces to emerge, and Dan Diaconescu's party became one of them.
2368:
1751:
1485:
1475:
988:
802:
672:
651:
1807:
2460:
2236:
2161:
1525:
1311:
Negrea-Busuioc, Elena (2016). "'Of the People or for the People'? An Analysis of Populist Discourse in the 2014 European Parliament Elections in Romania".
1095:"Unemployment as fertile ground for electoral support of the radical left: evidence from the european regions in the first two decades of the 21st century"
795:
2491:
1781:
668:
647:
418:
273:
114:
449:. It is widely considered a left-wing populist and left-wing nationalist party. It was also described as radical left, or as the Romanian equivalent of
911:
1933:
1837:
354:
2307:
2297:
2014:
1842:
1414:
2024:
1399:
2511:
2486:
2171:
1480:
2019:
1776:
1771:
2506:
2403:
2373:
2261:
2166:
1766:
1710:
1545:
1490:
1376:
Gherghina, Sergiu; Soare, Sorina (2019). "Electoral performance beyond leaders? The organization of populist parties in postcommunist Europe".
2526:
2186:
1460:
1137:
1465:
930:
Matthijs Rooduijn; Andrea Pirro; Daphne Halikiopoulou; Caterina Froio; Stijn van Kessel; Sarah L. de Lange; Cas Mudde; Paul Taggart (2023).
2496:
2009:
1430:
388:
384:
317:
265:
229:
1832:
2393:
1958:
1928:
1878:
1822:
1616:
1495:
1407:
735:
2181:
2130:
1973:
1893:
1595:
1455:
1237:"From TV to Parliament: The Successful Birth and Progressive Death of a Personal Party. The Case of the People's Party Dan Diaconescu"
597:
404:
321:
2428:
2423:
2110:
1565:
1071:
782:
664:
643:
396:
294:
2221:
1157:
969:
Gavrilov, Doina (2024). "Populism Ascendance in Europe: Exploring Backlash Dynamics and the Dual Process Through a Romanian Lens".
2317:
2312:
2292:
2287:
2074:
1978:
1873:
1715:
1535:
867:
457:
political elites and the state institutions are corrupt and broken beyond repair. The party made vague references to the violent
400:
395:
with 21 senators and 47 deputies. After the election, the party became the fourth largest political force in Romania, after the
1968:
1671:
442:
2418:
2363:
2282:
1530:
486:
306:
2322:
2004:
1761:
2191:
1812:
1730:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1362:
559:
369:
75:
1938:
2211:
2069:
2049:
1756:
655:
132:
2054:
46:
2338:
2216:
1019:"The Determinants of Immigrant Integration Policies in 28 EU-Member States: Does the Political Party Spectrum Matter?"
887:
362:
2201:
2196:
2039:
2388:
2358:
2064:
1963:
1898:
1883:
1827:
1646:
1636:
297:
from power further fuelled dissent and caused a spectacular rise in nationalism and populism in Romanian politics.
2206:
2115:
1994:
1953:
1725:
1666:
1656:
1611:
1590:
1585:
1550:
1520:
2246:
2256:
2125:
2105:
1913:
1720:
843:
790:
437:
sentiments. The party supported progressive measures like higher retirement pensions and salaries, and a lower
177:
2156:
1903:
1050:
2398:
1786:
333:
Dan Diaconescu gained name recognition and fame through his television channel OTV and his personal program,
2034:
1852:
1847:
901:
2413:
2266:
2231:
2226:
2176:
2095:
1631:
2383:
2378:
2353:
1888:
1868:
1676:
1651:
1626:
1621:
392:
302:
147:
2433:
2348:
2302:
2135:
2059:
2029:
1999:
1735:
634:
430:
234:
1198:
1094:
17:
2465:
458:
391:, despite being a consolidated party by then. The PP-DD came in third again, successfully entering
224:
2090:
1555:
1515:
350:
258:
165:
159:
143:
1339:
931:
2408:
1540:
1320:
1133:
1067:
684:
564:
377:
250:
169:
1127:
2343:
1385:
1248:
1210:
1106:
1059:
1018:
942:
57:
2455:
1288:"Oprea: Am încheiat o fuziune prin absobţie cu PP-DD. Suntem un partid al uşilor deschise"
438:
411:
1661:
2140:
1560:
740:
537:
473:
466:
269:
88:
501:
2480:
2251:
932:"The PopuList 3.0: An Overview of Populist, Far-left and Far-right Parties in Europe"
445:
and the foundation of state companies with directly elected leadership, and sought a
1681:
414:, losing 2 senators and 16 deputies, including its group leaders in both chambers.
1111:
1214:
1802:
1641:
681:
290:
182:
1340:"Populist-Nationalist Discourse in the European Periphery. The Case of Romania"
2100:
1199:"A Rising Populist Star: The Emergence and Development of the PPDD in Romania"
1389:
1324:
1236:
946:
434:
277:
262:
151:
124:
1154:"Romanian media owner and politician gets five years in jail for blackmail"
973:(1). National School of Political and Administrative Studies - SNSPA: 117.
1063:
2438:
1252:
1029:
450:
138:
864:"Dan Diaconescu: Gwiazdor szturmuje politykę | Presseurop (Polski)"
1817:
1439:
1434:
906:
376:, where 88.7% of the voters voted to impeach the President of Romania
202:
214:
195:
1694:
1403:
496:
485:
On 21 May 2013, PP-DD publicized their collaboration with the
472:
The party advocates diect democracy and was often compared to
353:, a famous Romanian general who was a founder of the interwar
975:
People's Party- Dan Diaconescu (PPDD), left wing nationalism.
1078:
People's Party Dan Diaconescu is a left-wing populist party.
1203:
Debatte: Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe
410:
By June 2013 however, the party became heavily affected by
989:"Populism in the Balkans: Populism and political parties"
361:
strongly rejected the austerity measures proposed by the
512:
2242:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
2121:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
1313:
Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations
1197:
Gherghina, Sergiu; Miscoiu, Sergiu (6 October 2014).
697:
368:
The first electoral success of the party came in the
1338:
Taranu, Andrei; Nicolescu, Valentin Quintus (2017).
902:"Populism takes spotlight in Romania power struggle"
769:
2331:
2275:
2149:
2083:
1987:
1861:
1795:
1744:
1703:
1604:
1448:
1363:"Romania's Elections: Politics Can't Be Different?"
208:
188:
176:
158:
131:
120:
110:
102:
94:
84:
73:
63:
53:
32:
883:Romania govt set to win poll even as support slips
1156:. romania-insider.com. 2015-03-04. Archived from
1129:Populist Parties in Europe: Agents of Discontent?
374:2012 Romanian presidential impeachment referendum
1511:Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania
469:in terms of rhetoric as well as the ideology.
383:This allowed the party to perform well in the
1471:Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
1415:
759:
305:to win around 20% of the popular vote in the
8:
2369:Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania
1924:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)
1919:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)
1486:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
1476:Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania
2237:National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party
2162:Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania
1526:Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party
1691:
1422:
1408:
1400:
1052:Populist Political Communication in Europe
998:•nationalist and socialist points of view.
419:National Union for the Progress of Romania
274:National Union for the Progress of Romania
29:
1235:Gherghina, Sergiu; Soare, Sorina (2017).
1110:
1088:
1086:
276:(UNPR) after Diaconescu was convicted of
2517:Political parties disestablished in 2015
2293:Union of Patriots/National Popular Party
1506:Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars
1099:Journal of Contemporary European Studies
552:
268:created in 2011 by television presenter
1306:
1304:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1043:
1041:
1039:
886:, CNBC, 21 October 2012, archived from
855:
417:The PP-DD subsequently merged into the
2374:Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy
1501:Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs
1491:Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
1105:(2). Taylor & Francis Group: 391.
964:
962:
960:
925:
923:
921:
2522:Political parties established in 2011
2187:General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania
2045:National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
7:
2502:Defunct socialist parties in Romania
1361:Hanley, Sean L. (20 December 2012).
994:•The People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
429:The ideology of the PP-DD expressed
389:2008 Romanian parliamentary election
385:2012 Romanian parliamentary election
318:2008 Romanian parliamentary election
18:People's Party - Dan Diaconescu
2394:National Liberal Ecologist Alliance
1939:Social Democratic Party of Bukovina
1929:Romanian Socialist Democratic Party
1879:Democratic National Salvation Front
1823:National Democratic Christian Party
1617:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
1546:Renewing Romania's European Project
1032:: University of Twente. p. 32.
255:Partidul Poporului – Dan Diaconescu
38:Partidul Poporului - Dan Diaconescu
1752:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
1241:Czech Journal of Political Science
1132:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 63.
1058:. New York: Routledge. p. 4.
971:Revista Universitară de Sociologie
272:. In June 2015 it merged into the
25:
2492:2015 disestablishments in Romania
2424:Social Democratic Pole of Romania
2111:National-Christian Defense League
215:http://www.partidul.poporului.ro/
2288:Ecologist Union of Romania Party
2025:Democratic Peasants' Party–Stere
1959:Social Protection People's Party
1949:Social Democratic Workers' Party
1782:National Liberal Party–Tătărescu
1466:Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania
1438:
1026:Migrant Integration Policy Index
1017:Könemund, Inken (29 June 2016).
914:from the original on 2023-05-15.
500:
45:
2020:Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu
1969:Socialist Party of Transylvania
1909:People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
1777:National Liberal Party–Câmpeanu
1772:National Liberal Party–Brătianu
443:collectivization of agriculture
441:. The party also supported the
247:People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
35:People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
2512:Nationalist parties in Romania
2487:2011 establishments in Romania
2419:Romanian Democratic Convention
2364:Democratic Group of the Centre
2222:Jewish National People's Party
1843:Progressive Conservative Party
307:2000 Romanian general election
27:Political party in Romania
1:
2507:Left-wing nationalist parties
2308:Party of Young Free Democrats
2298:National Reconstruction Party
2192:Group of Transylvanian Saxons
2075:Transylvanian Peasants' Party
1874:Communist Party (Nepeceriști)
1813:Conservative-Democratic Party
1731:Romanian National Unity Party
1571:Social Liberal Humanist Party
1112:10.1080/14782804.2021.1992361
370:2012 Romanian local elections
2527:Romanian nationalist parties
2318:Republican Party (1990–1993)
2313:Republican Party (1993–2004)
2172:Democratic Union of the Roma
1757:Free and Independent Faction
1711:Democratic Nationalist Party
1481:Cultural Union of Ruthenians
1215:10.1080/0965156X.2014.959325
733:
2497:Defunct nationalist parties
2339:Alliance for Romanian Unity
2217:Jewish Democratic Committee
2167:Cultural Union of Albanians
2005:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
363:International Monetary Fund
257:; abbreviated PP-DD) was a
2543:
2389:Justice and Truth Alliance
2359:Christian Liberal Alliance
2015:Democratic Peasants' Party
1899:Party of Social Solidarity
1884:Democratic Party of Labour
1838:People's Party (2005–2006)
1828:National Renaissance Front
1461:Association of Macedonians
627:
266:political party in Romania
2461:List of political parties
2451:
2404:People's Democratic Front
2323:Transylvania–Banat League
2116:National Fascist Movement
2070:Socialist Peasants' Party
2010:Democratic Agrarian Party
1954:Socialist Party of Labour
1833:People's Party (1918–1938
1726:National Union from Banat
1690:
1667:Romanian Nationhood Party
1657:National Rebirth Alliance
1612:Alliance for the Homeland
1551:Romanian Nationhood Party
1269:. gandul.info. 2013-06-22
1126:Stijn van Kessel (2015).
709:
706:
703:
700:
620:
617:
614:
607:
604:
601:
596:
571:
568:
563:
558:
555:
320:, the right-wing liberal
220:
213:
44:
2262:Ukrainian Workers' Party
2257:Ukrainian National Party
2202:Hungarian People's Union
2197:Hungarian People's Party
2157:Autonomous Swabian Party
2131:National Socialist Party
2126:National Romanian Fascio
2106:National Christian Party
2040:National Peasants' Party
1934:Romanian Socialist Party
1914:Romanian Communist Party
1894:National Salvation Front
1672:Romanian Socialist Party
1496:Democratic Turkish Union
1390:10.1177/1354068819863629
987:Stojarová, Věra (2019).
459:1989 Romanian Revolution
421:(UNPR) on 29 June 2015.
322:Democratic Liberal Party
2429:Social Democratic Union
2065:Radical Peasants' Party
2035:National Agrarian Party
1974:Socialist Workers Party
1944:Social Democratic Party
1848:Romanian National Party
1637:People's Movement Party
1596:Union of the Ukrainians
1566:Social Democratic Party
1456:Association of Italians
675:government (2014–2015)
637:government (2012–2014)
295:Social Democratic Party
160:Political position
2414:Right Romania Alliance
2399:National Union PSD+PUR
2267:Union of Romanian Jews
2247:People's Council Party
2096:Crusade of Romanianism
1979:United Socialist Party
1767:National Liberal Party
1762:Liberal Union–Brătianu
1716:Democratic Union Party
1632:Nation People Together
1536:National Liberal Party
1365:. SSEES Research Blog.
694:Presidential elections
509:This section is empty.
254:
2384:Hungarian German Bloc
2379:Green Ecologist Party
2354:Centre Right Alliance
2182:German People's Party
1904:Peasant Workers' Bloc
1869:Banat Socialist Party
1677:The Right Alternative
1652:Greater Romania Party
1622:Greater Romania Party
1093:Mádr, Michal (2023).
1064:10.4324/9781315623016
996:•Television presenter
947:10.17605/OSF.IO/2EWKQ
549:Legislative elections
303:Greater Romania Party
148:Left-wing nationalism
2434:Social Liberal Union
2349:Centre Left Alliance
2303:Party of Free Change
2055:Peasants' Party–Lupu
2030:League Against Usury
2000:Agrarian Union Party
1818:Constitutional Party
1736:United Romania Party
1344:Perspective Politice
1253:10.5817/PC2017-2-201
890:on 24 September 2015
481:European affiliation
178:European affiliation
2466:Politics of Romania
2283:Ecological Movement
1531:League of Albanians
335:Dan Diaconescu Live
225:Politics of Romania
76:Chamber of Deputies
1808:Conservative Party
1605:Extraparliamentary
1581:Union of Croatians
1576:Union of Armenians
1556:Save Romania Union
1516:Force of the Right
766:European elections
658:government (2014)
351:Alexandru Averescu
259:left-wing populist
144:Left-wing populism
69:Liviu-Robert Neagu
2474:
2473:
2447:
2446:
2409:Red Quadrilateral
2212:Italian Community
2060:Ploughmen's Front
1853:Vlad Țepeș League
1541:Party of the Roma
1431:Political parties
1384:(1). SagePub: 4.
1139:978-1-137-41411-3
832:
831:
763:
762:
691:
690:
544:Electoral history
529:
528:
447:People's Tribunal
405:Democrat Liberals
401:National Liberals
243:
242:
230:Political parties
141:(self-proclaimed)
80:Dumitru Niculescu
65:Secretary-General
16:(Redirected from
2534:
1698:
1692:
1443:
1442:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1401:
1394:
1393:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1232:
1219:
1218:
1194:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1057:
1045:
1034:
1033:
1023:
1014:
1001:
1000:
984:
978:
977:
966:
955:
954:
936:
927:
916:
915:
898:
892:
891:
878:
872:
871:
866:. Archived from
860:
842:
822:
816:
770:
757:
698:
630:
624:
611:
553:
524:
521:
511:You can help by
504:
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1209:(2): 181–197.
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991:. p. 24.
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870:on 2012-04-09.
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1160:on 2015-09-30
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1073:9781315623016
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939:popu-list.org
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844:Official site
841:(in Romanian)
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734:
729:
726:
723:
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710:Second round
699:
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87:
83:
79:
77:
72:
68:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
43:
31:
19:
2232:Magyar Party
2227:Jewish Party
2177:German Party
2091:Citizen Bloc
1908:
1796:Conservative
1682:Volt Romania
1662:Noua Dreaptă
1381:
1377:
1371:
1356:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1316:
1312:
1291:. Retrieved
1282:
1271:. Retrieved
1261:
1244:
1240:
1206:
1202:
1162:. Retrieved
1158:the original
1148:
1128:
1121:
1102:
1098:
1077:
1051:
1025:
992:
982:
974:
970:
950:
938:
905:
896:
888:the original
882:
876:
868:the original
858:
707:First round
687:(2015–2017)
682:technocratic
520:January 2022
517:
513:adding to it
508:
484:
471:
463:
455:
446:
428:
416:
409:
382:
367:
359:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
315:
311:
299:
287:
246:
244:
121:Headquarters
106:29 June 2015
1889:Labor Party
1803:Civic Force
1704:Nationalist
1642:PRO Romania
1627:Green Party
937:. Romania.
727:Percentage
718:Percentage
487:EUDemocrats
474:Hugo Chávez
467:Hugo Chávez
431:nationalist
399:(PSD), the
291:Ion Iliescu
183:EUDemocrats
2481:Categories
2101:Iron Guard
1273:2013-06-25
1164:2015-09-22
850:References
779:Percentage
704:Candidate
615:1,086,822
602:1,036,730
572:Aftermath
532:Leadership
393:Parliament
2332:Alliances
2084:Far-right
1862:Left-wing
1325:2344-5440
1319:(2): 43.
952:populist.
730:Position
721:Position
701:Election
569:Position
556:Election
493:Structure
435:socialist
278:extortion
263:socialist
235:Elections
166:Left-wing
152:Socialism
127:, Romania
125:Bucharest
103:Dissolved
54:President
2439:USR PLUS
1988:Agrarian
1350:(1): 61.
1030:Enschede
912:Archived
807:204,310
796:EP Group
791:EU Party
787:Position
773:Election
623:21 / 176
610:47 / 412
451:chavismo
425:Ideology
293:and his
251:Romanian
170:far-left
139:Centrism
133:Ideology
1745:Liberal
1697:Defunct
1435:Romania
907:Reuters
745:382,526
560:Chamber
489:party.
407:(PDL).
329:History
316:In the
284:Origins
209:Website
189:Colours
95:Founded
85:Founder
1323:
1293:1 July
1136:
1070:
815:0 / 32
810:3.67%
724:Votes
715:Votes
618:14.65
605:13.99
592:Seats
586:Votes
583:Seats
577:Votes
565:Senate
203:Purple
200:
193:
2276:Other
1247:(2).
1056:(PDF)
1022:(PDF)
935:(PDF)
776:Votes
750:4.03%
196:White
1321:ISSN
1295:2015
1134:ISBN
1068:ISBN
803:2014
783:MEPs
736:2014
673:ALDE
669:UNPR
652:UDMR
648:UNPR
598:2012
433:and
261:and
245:The
115:UNPR
98:2011
1433:in
1386:doi
1249:doi
1211:doi
1107:doi
1060:doi
943:doi
665:PSD
644:PSD
635:USL
515:.
439:VAT
309:.
168:to
2483::
1382:11
1380:.
1348:10
1346:.
1342:.
1317:18
1315:.
1303:^
1243:.
1239:.
1223:^
1207:22
1205:.
1201:.
1173:^
1103:31
1101:.
1097:.
1085:^
1076:.
1066:.
1038:^
1028:.
1024:.
1005:^
959:^
949:.
941:.
920:^
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