Socialist Republic of Croatia

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state entered into economic chaos. The peasantry that provided goods to all the conflicting sides in the war was devastated and human losses were also high. The damage to industry in Yugoslavia was the worst in Europe, while the SR Croatia was among the most damaged republics of Yugoslavia, along with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. The communist authority needed to act in order to prevent hunger, disorder and chaos. Yugoslavia lacked qualified workers, so the economy's renewal was mostly based on mass volunteer work. The recruitment for volunteer work was conducted with propaganda promising a better communist future, especially for members of Yugoslav partisans and youth. Another segment of these labourers were those who feared persecution, mainly opponents of the communist regime and Nazi collaborators. They entered volunteer labour in order to escape persecution. A third segment of the work force consisted of prisoners of war, who worked the hardest jobs.

2228:

the SR Croatia, it was decided that its industrial production needed to be increased by 452%. The fast development in industry required a high number of workers, so from 461,000 workers in 1945, in 1949 there were 1,990,000 workers. On 17 January 1947, Kardelj stated to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Croatia that Yugoslavia would be industrially stronger than Austria and Czechoslovakia. Both Kardelj and Bakarić advocated development of light industry, instead of Hebrang's idea for industry that would serve agriculture. The Five-Year Plan was indeed exaggerated; this plan did not have qualified personnel, market (placement) and capital; even so, the state continued with its implementation.

2390: 172: 2348: 2363: 2171:. In such a manner, the state introduced forced collectivization of villages. This collectivization soon disappointed the poor peasants who got their land for free in the process of dispossession of wealthy peasants. Even though the communists thought that collectivization would solve the problem with food, on the contrary, the collectivization created the so-called "Bread Crisis" in 1949. The process of dispossession in Yugoslavia lasted from the middle of 1945 until the end of 1949. It was the fastest process of dispossession, even compared to East European communist states. 2378: 763: 156: 749: 2163:

segment of society was satisfied by it, the large majority of the population was resistant and ready to revolt. Just like in the Soviet Union, the state controlled the entire economy, while free trade was forbidden in favour of central planning. Because of this, the state started rational distribution of necessities for living, which were distributed among the population based on remittances, while consumers gained a certain amount of certificates each month for buying a certain amount of certain goods, including food, clothes and shoes.

246: 2402: 777: 2127: 872: 858: 844: 830: 2417: 791: 1818: 2175:

thus Yugoslavia become a strictly centralized state. Moreover, the liquidation of the private sector, cleansing of the state apparatus and high officials and their replacement by half-educated partisans, drastic reduction of the gap between payments of ministers and workers (3:1), and emigration and deaths of the bourgeois class led to the disappearance of the middle class in the social structure, which had a negative effect on social life.

1025: 3578: 2216:, he was the most influential person in Yugoslavia. As a chief of the whole economy, Hebrang finished his Five-Year Plan in winter 1946–47 which was approved by the government in spring 1947. Because of the lack of knowledge, the Plan copied the Soviet model. The factories which were built faster were factories that were in the sector of heavy and military industry, of which the most known in SR Croatia were " 1921:, a Bosnian Croat who at the time was the Croatian head of government, said that Croatia would lose around $ 800 million because of that law. Marković became the last head of government of Yugoslavia in 1989 and spent two years implementing various economic and political reforms. His government's efforts were initially successful, but ultimately failed due to the incurable political instability of the SFRY. 2440: 1466: 1314: 816: 1655: 2189: 1563:. Croatia was the last of the republics to make its own constitution, which was mostly the same as the federal and other republic constitutions. The Constitution of the People's Republic of Croatia was adopted by the Constituent Parliament of the People's Republic of Croatia on January 18, 1947. In their constitutions, all republics were deprived of gaining independence. 701: 1917:

Croatia concerning the need to help poor and less developed regions became more frequent, as Croatia and Slovenia contributed about 60 percent of those funds. The debt crisis, together with soaring inflation, forced the federal government to introduce measures such as the foreign currency law for earnings of export firms.

1856:: people would elect councillors and members of parliaments. However, the real power was in the hands of executive organs. Representative organs (the Parliament and various councils on local and district levels) only served to give legitimacy to their decisions. The party that ruled the SR Croatia was the branch of the 2135:

was above 35 acres was taken from its owners. Nearly half of taken lands were transformed to agricultural areas (state property), while the other half was given to poor peasants. This reform also included the colonization in the SR Croatia where people from the so-called depressed areas moved to areas from which the

2114:, an American aid agency formed as a branch of the United Nations. They distributed food, clothes and shoes, which helped the country avoid mass starvation. Between 1945 and 1946, the UNRRA deployed 2.5 million tons of goods, mostly food, worth US$ 415 million. This amount was equal to twice the imports of the 1624:. However, communists had the majority in parliament and control over the army, leaving the opposition without any real power. Šubašić had his own supporters within the HSS and he tried to unite the party once again, believing that, once united, it would be a major political factor in the country. The 2203:

Industrialization was the most significant process in the economic development of the SR Croatia, as communists promoted industrialization as the main factor in fast development. After the process of renewal, the process of industrialization and electrification started based on the Soviet model. The

1662:

The People's Republic of Croatia adopted its first Constitution in 1947. In 1953 followed "The Constitutional Law on the Basics of Social and Political Organization and on Republican Organs of Authority", actually a completely new constitution. The second (technically third) Constitution was adopted

2231:

All across the country, the state built the sites, and all projects of industrialization and electrification were made with propaganda that the population would have lower poverty and unemployment. The unemployment was indeed reduced, however, new employees were not educated for their jobs, so many

2227:

In the Five-Year Plan, Hebrang wanted to increase the industrial production by five times and agricultural production by 1.5 times, increase the GDP per capita by 1.8 times and the national revenues by 1.8 times. The plan also included the increase of qualified workers, from 350,000 to 750,000. For

2174:

For this process, the state needed a large number of officials who were members of the Communist Party, receiving orders from the Politburo, thus leaving the Yugoslav republic without any power in the economy. The economy of one republic was depending on decisions made by the Politburo in Belgrade,

2134:

At the same time as the persecution of political enemies, communist authorities conducted the Agrarian Reform, a reform made on 23 August 1945. This process included dispossession of wealthy citizens and peasants. Agrarian Reform changed the ownership relations of agricultural properties. Land that

2102:

In the SR Croatia, material damage and losses were high. In the war, the SR Croatia lost 298,000 people, 7.8% of its total population. Because of the 4-year partisan war, bombings, over-exploitation of raw materials and agricultural resources, and destruction of roads and industrial facilities, the

1916:

In 1980, Josip Broz Tito died. Political and economic difficulties started to mount and the federal government began to crumble. The federal government realised that it was unable to service the interest on its loans and started negotiations with the IMF that continued for years. Public polemics in

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The distribution of food and material needed for industry depended on quick rebuilding of damaged roads. The Zagreb-Belgrade railway had been in reconstruction day and night, so the first train to travel this railway after the war, did it by the end of June 1945. Minefields also had to be cleared.

2093:

The first process of nationalization started on 24 November 1944, when Yugoslav Partisans dispossessed their enemies of their assets. The first victims of the confiscation were occupiers and war criminals. However, not long after, the assets of 199,541 Germans, the whole German minority, including

2027:

which would allow for the army to take control of the country. Serbian and Serb-dominated representatives (Montenegro, Vojvodina and Kosovo) already in agreement with the army, voted for the proposal, but as representatives of Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia and Bosnia voted against, the plot failed.

1903:

When he took power, Tito knew that the greatest threat to the development of communism in Yugoslavia was nationalism. Because of that, the communists would crush even the slightest form of nationalism by repression. The communists made the most effort to crush nationalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina

1891:

and others. Communists also had a number of major and minor show trials in order to deal with the fascist regime of the NDH. Also, local leaders of the civic parties would often "disappear" without any witness. Communists not only cleansed the officials who were working for the NDH, but also those

1663:

in 1963; it changed the name of the People's Republic of Croatia (NRH) into the Socialist Republic of Croatia (SRH). Major constitutional amendments were approved in 1971, and in 1974 followed a new Constitution of the SR Croatia which emphasized Croatian statehood as a constituent republic of the

2084:

were the only ways to avoid economic breakdown and that without the state ownership and administrative control it would be impossible to accumulate vast resources, material and human, for economic development. Since every undeveloped country needs vast resources in order to start developing, and

2162:

of the large assets of the bourgeoise. On 28 April 1948, when small shops and the majority of crafts had been nationalized, the private sector in the SR Croatia was liquidated to the end; out of 5,395 private shops, only 5 remained active. This decision was a double-edged sword: while the poor

1639:

In the election campaign, the opposition parties wanted to unite with the Serbian Radical Party and other parties; however, communist activities, using various wiles, ruined their plan. On August 20, 1945, Grol resigned and accused the communists of breaking the Tito–Šubašić agreement. Šubašić

2154:

The communists also introduced a new way of distribution of agricultural products. In order to supply the people who lived in towns and cities, they introduced the redemption of those products. The policy of distribution was based on the idea that the working segment of society should have an

1516:. Croatian partisans had autonomy along with the Slovene and Macedonian partisans. However, on 1 March 1945 they were put under the command of the Supreme Command of the Yugoslav Army, thus losing their autonomy. Partisans of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina did not have such autonomy. 235: 234: 1895:

The only major civic party in Croatia, the Croatian Republican Peasant Party, was active only a few years after the election, but as a satellite of the Communist Party. The clash with the civic anti-communist forces stimulated the Communist Party's centralism and

1936:

as the leader of Serbia, and everything else that followed provoked a very negative reaction in Croatia. The fifty-year-old rift was starting to resurface, and the Croats increasingly began to show their own national feelings and express opposition towards the

223: 232: 233: 228: 218: 212: 224: 221: 220: 216: 213: 2077:, Yugoslav communists thought that the Soviet way to socialism was the only option to create a socialist state. In the early years of the SFR Yugoslavia, Communist members suppressed critics towards the Soviet Union and harbored sympathies towards it. 230: 219: 217: 215: 1640:

himself was also soon forced to resign at the end of October as he also disassociated himself from Tito. Soon, the communists won the election. They won an absolute majority in the parliament which enabled them to create their own form of Yugoslavia.

229: 227: 222: 231: 214: 226: 225: 1683:, the Parliament made various constitutional changes and dropped the prefix "socialist" from the official name, so the "Socialist Republic of Croatia" became simply the "Republic of Croatia" (RH). On 22 December 1990, the Parliament rejected the 2085:

Yugoslavia was among them, communists thought that this was the only way to save the economy of Yugoslavia. Also, their ideology included elimination of the private sector, as they thought that such an economic system was historically wasteful.

1605:

was the leader of the opposition; as the leading figure of the opposition he opposed the idea of a federal state, denied the right for Montenegrins and Macedonians to have their republics, and held that an agreement between Tito and

1989:(that some Croats claimed was disproportionate). Memories from the Second World War were evoked by the rhetoric coming from the Belgrade administration. As Milošević and his clique rode the wave of Serbian nationalism across 1984:

Ethnic Serbs, who constituted 12% of the population of Croatia, rejected the notion of separation from Yugoslavia. Serb politicians feared the loss of influence they previously had through their membership of the

1391:, DFJ), was not a constitutionally socialist state, or even a republic, in anticipation of the conclusion of the war, when these issues were settled. On November 29, 1945, Democratic Federal Yugoslavia became the 1852:) made of around ten persons. Its members were assigned to certain fields: one controlled the armed forces, another the development of the state, a third the economy etc. Ostensibly, the system of government was 2028:

The dying country had yet to see a few more Serb leadership's attempts to push the plan for centralizing the power in Belgrade, but because of resistance in all other republics, the crisis only deteriorated.

2166:

In the spring of 1949, the state introduced high taxes on private farmer's economies which farmers were unable to pay. This forced them to enter into the peasant labour unions, formed based on the Soviet

1961:

of Croatia", was taken to heart by the fans on the location and many more elsewhere because of the expressed patriotism. On October 26, parliament declared All Saints Day (November 1) a public holiday.

1493:. However, in 1943 Croats started to join the partisans in larger numbers. In 1943, the number of Croat partisans in Croatia increased, so in 1944 they made up 61% of the partisans in the territory of 3718: 3275: 2362: 2151:. The confiscation of property was also conducted; people who were trading during the war were declared war profiteers and by this, the state gained factories, banks and large shops. 2073:

The economy of the SFR Yugoslavia and thus of the Socialist Republic of Croatia was initially influenced by the Soviet Union. As the Communist Party of Yugoslavia was a member of the

1864:(KPH). Even though the party had a Croatian name, its membership was only 57% Croats, along with 43% Serb. The majority of members were peasants and the majority was half-educated. 4170: 1929: 2094:

68,781 ha of land, were confiscated as well. Until the end of the war, the state controlled 55% of industry, 70% of mining, 90% of ferrous metallurgy and 100% of the oil industry.

211: 2347: 4165: 2486: 1957:

city square. In light of the changing political circumstances, their song "Mojoj majci" ("To my mother"), where the songwriter hailed the mother in the song as "the last

4150: 2236:, as a link between the ministries and the Party's leadership. By their implementation, the state gained even greater control over the economy. The companies had their 1908:, but even so, their greatest supporters in this process were local Serbs. Soon, the Serbs were overrepresented in the Croatian and Bosnian state and party leadership. 1559:. Not long after, the Communist Party started to prosecute those who opposed the communist one-party system. On January 30, 1946, the Constituent Assembly ratified the 2232:

objects were built slowly and many of them were not built at all. Following the current views of the Communist Party, the role of leading the economy was given to the

851: 451: 2311:

during World War II were arrested after the end of World War II amid conflicts between the Catholic Church and the Allied Powers, including the Archbishop of Zagreb,

2208:. As President of the Economy Council and President of the Planning Commission, Hebrang was in charge of all ministries that dealt with the economy. Alongside Tito, 1871:

in order to compromise them to the general public. On 6 June 1946, the Supreme Court of the SR Croatia sentenced some of the leading officials of the NDH, including

1512:(National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia), a legislative body of the future Croatian republic within Yugoslavia. Its first president was 4155: 2389: 1969:

led by Milošević insisted on replacing the 1974 constitutional policy that empowered the republics with a policy of "one person, one vote", which would benefit the

2269: 1544: 171: 4180: 1649: 1539:

On November 29, 1945, the Yugoslav Constituent Assembly held a session where it was decided that Croatia would be joined by five other republics in Yugoslavia:

1227: 2401: 2046:

was held on April 22 and May 6, 1990. After the first multi-party elections, the creation of a constituent republic based on democratic institutions occurred.

2416: 3318: 3268: 1342: 1059: 3713: 2196: 4175: 4022: 3301: 210: 1392: 3752: 403: 355: 3375: 3284: 1625: 1415: 942: 934: 267: 251: 2264:

and communist Yugoslav officials, no new Catholic bishops were appointed in the People's Republic of Croatia until 1960. This left the dioceses of

3979: 3306: 3261: 2293: 2155:

advantage in quantity and diversity of goods over the non-working, parasitic segment. This led to development of black markets and speculation.

245: 4135: 3567: 3483: 2377: 1122: 3557: 1293: 2611: 2518: 2023:(an eight-member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces) in an attempt to get them to declare a 1699: 609: 3737: 3404: 2043: 1680: 1039: 2277: 2110:

Even though relations between the Western countries and Yugoslavia were tense, significant help to the people of Yugoslavia came from the

4185: 3664: 3513: 2285: 2273: 1219: 2204:

whole economy, the creation of a system and the formulation of the strategy of development in the Five-Year Plan, was in the charge of

768: 4096: 3730: 3628: 3253: 1857: 1832:(actually President of the Presidium of the Parliament of the People's Republic of Croatia), who was, during the war, Chairman of the 1548: 972: 3468: 1707:

a national state of the Croatian people, the state of the Serbian people in Croatia and the state of other nationalities living in it

1587: 1117: 4068: 3964: 3874: 3603: 3388: 3239: 3217: 3196: 3172: 1531:

at the end of November 1943. At that session, the Yugoslav communist leadership decided to reestablish Yugoslavia as federal state.

1556: 4160: 3788: 3333: 1540: 1335: 155: 4042: 3409: 3323: 2148: 1861: 1849: 1064: 3328: 1552: 4140: 3823: 3498: 2542: 2281: 1633: 1384: 1160: 754: 570: 2296:

without bishops for several years. From the mid-1950s, there were only four seated bishops in Croatia in three dioceses:

1636:. Šubašić knew that this would put the HSS under control of the communists and ended the negotiations about unification. 3798: 3747: 3623: 3552: 3535: 3368: 3296: 2463: 1868: 1494: 1304: 1288: 1249: 965: 635: 2049:

After the first free elections, in July 1990, the prefix "socialist" was dropped, and thereafter Croatia was named the

3989: 3847: 3508: 1524: 1356: 1328: 1195: 1004: 3562: 1485:

in Croatia did not have considerable support from Croats, with an exception of the Croats in the Croatian region of

3959: 3703: 3618: 3608: 3530: 2328: 1845: 1570:. The Communist Party's officials were, at the same time, state officials, while the Party's Central Committee was 1560: 1242: 1213: 1165: 2564: 4145: 4012: 3879: 3684: 3633: 2016: 1844:, post-war Yugoslavia was strictly centralized. The main organ was the Politburo of the Central Committee of the 1566:

Republics had only formal autonomy; initially, communist Yugoslavia was a highly centralized state, based on the

1049: 988: 865: 796: 2118:

in 1938, or 135% of its tax revenues. It is generally thought that UNRRA fed and clothed some 5 million people.

3813: 3613: 2205: 2192: 2020: 1986: 1853: 1705:

According to the Art. 1.2 of the 1974 Croatian Constitution, the Socialist Republic of Croatia was defined as "

473: 345: 3227: 2126: 1933: 1578:. The governments of the republics were only part of the mechanism which executed the Politburo's decisions. 4037: 4007: 3997: 3917: 3889: 3864: 3708: 3691: 3669: 3547: 3436: 3361: 2423: 2257: 2057: 2037: 1695: 1434: 1283: 1102: 980: 912: 690: 665: 622: 596: 193: 177: 134: 107: 77: 51: 1981:, respectively) to leave the Congress in protest and marked a culmination in the rift of the ruling party. 1601:

In post-war Yugoslavia, communists had a struggle for power with the opposition that supported King Peter.

4027: 3803: 3696: 2353: 2265: 2240:; however, they did not have operational autonomy, since they were, as state organs, under state control. 2221: 2213: 1611: 1594: 1924:

Ethnic tensions were on the increase and would result in the demise of Yugoslavia. The growing crisis in

1423: 4002: 3974: 3884: 3818: 3679: 3638: 3518: 3431: 3164: 2289: 2115: 1965:

In January 1990, during the 14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, the delegation of

1884: 1607: 1590: 2534: 3869: 3833: 3808: 3742: 3674: 3598: 3586: 2368: 2319:

to sixteen years' imprisonment, but in December 1951, he was released to house arrest at his home in

2130:

Map showing the economic development of the Yugoslav republics in 1947 (average development is 100%).

1949: 895: 837: 650: 262: 1629: 3949: 3894: 3793: 3725: 3652: 3523: 2774: 2233: 2050: 1837: 1821: 1668: 1233: 1185: 1180: 1132: 1107: 1054: 502: 425: 302: 2910: 2743: 1698:. It was under this Constitution that independence would be proclaimed on 25 June 1991 (after the 4061: 4032: 3909: 3828: 3766: 3503: 3493: 3396: 2458: 2024: 1482: 1474: 1175: 1170: 1155: 1150: 1127: 1013: 957: 17: 2882: 1888: 1610:

guaranteed that the opposition needed to have half of the ministers in the new government. The

4017: 3944: 3927: 3783: 3488: 3235: 3213: 3192: 3168: 2514: 2316: 2312: 2301: 2297: 1880: 1876: 1691: 1672: 1372: 1364: 293: 1399:, FNRJ), a socialist People's Republic. Accordingly, the Federal State of Croatia became the 4077: 3969: 3954: 3932: 3899: 3426: 3157: 2510:

Cultural Perspectives on Youth Justice: Connecting Theory, Policy and International Practice

2253: 2144: 1994: 1918: 1897: 1872: 1687: 1567: 1490: 1097: 976: 971:

In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the

964:). By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the 782: 440: 392: 313: 1817: 3778: 3478: 2911:"Odluka o proglašenju Amandmana LXIV. do LXXV. na Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske" 2883:"Odluka o proglašenju Amandmana LIV. do LXIII. na Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske" 2744:"Odluka o proglašenju Amandmana LXIV. do LXXV. na Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske" 2408: 2249: 2159: 1867:

Soon after they gained power, the Communists started to persecute former officials of the

1684: 1112: 1092: 938: 583: 335: 332: 319: 316: 161: 2217: 1621: 3577: 2012:

In February 1990, SR Croatia changed its constitutional system to a multi-party system.

1024: 4082: 3473: 2915: 2887: 2779: 2748: 2572: 2445: 2332: 2209: 1978: 1974: 1973:

Serb population. This caused first the Slovenian and then Croatian delegations (led by

1829: 1513: 1318: 1190: 488: 377: 288: 4129: 3937: 3419: 3182: 3128: 2136: 2056:

Franjo Tuđman was elected president and his government embarked on a path toward the

1437:

was adopted, under which the Socialist Republic of Croatia was simply renamed as the

1414:

On April 7, 1963, the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (FPRY) was renamed the

1069: 894:

Referred to in the 1974 Constitution as the "Croatian Literary Language" and as the "

720: 2260:, with a small number of other religions. Due to strained relationships between the 2001:. The availability of mass media allowed for propaganda to be spread fast and spark 3922: 3414: 2324: 2237: 1998: 1614:(HSS), part of the opposition, had divided into three branches: one supporting the 1074: 953: 3285:

Republics and autonomous provinces of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

2320: 1465: 3207: 3186: 2508: 209: 3441: 2567:[Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (1974), Article 138] 2308: 823: 527: 511: 1654: 3446: 2435: 2188: 2081: 1990: 1841: 1602: 1426:

in 1948. In 1963 the People's Republic of Croatia also accordingly became the

4111: 4098: 960:

after the war. It had four full official names during its 48-year existence (

3461: 3451: 2074: 1575: 1497:, while Serbs made up 28%; all other ethnicities made up the remaining 11%. 1419: 984: 1993:, talking about battles to be fought for Serbdom, emerging Croatian leader 1616: 1574:, the highest organ of the party; however, main decisions were made by the 1501: 1828:

The first post-war head of state of the Socialist Republic of Croatia was

1586: 3456: 2261: 2140: 2002: 1970: 1938: 1905: 1519:

Because of partisan victories and increased territory held by partisans,

1486: 1044: 715: 544: 348: 3384: 2453: 1904:

and Croatia and tried to suppress the hatred between Croats, Serbs and

1442: 975:– and adopted a multi-party democracy. The newly elected government of 946: 809: 329: 2482: 3859: 2168: 1966: 1954: 1941: 1925: 1833: 1509: 1380: 1360: 557: 278: 1628:, a party split from the HSS, wanted to enter the People's Front, a 1593:, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia in exile and prominent member of the 952:

Along with five other Yugoslav republics, Croatia was formed during

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who supported the Croatian Peasant Party and the Catholic Church.

1653: 1528: 1520: 1464: 1953:

held a major concert before almost 250,000 people in the central

1355:

Croatia became part of the Yugoslav federation in 1943 after the

2006: 1958: 1664: 1505: 3357: 3257: 2315:. Aloysius Stepinac was arrested on 16 September 1946. He was 2158:

The next step in the implementation of the Agrarian Reform was

2139:

had been expelled. In the SR Croatia, colonization occurred in

1834:

State Antifascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia

1620:, the other supporting the communists and the third supporting 1418:(SFRY). Yugoslavia (and therefore Croatia) gradually abandoned 3061: 3059: 2507:

Dolezal, Dalibor (2016). Arnull, Elaine; Fox, Darrell (eds.).

2080:

In the CPY, it was generally thought that state ownership and

2371:

used during World War II and early post-war period (1943–47)

2356:

used during World War II and early post-war period (1943–47)

1489:. The majority of partisans on the territory of Croatia were 1681:

first multi-party parliamentary elections held in April 1990

3015: 3013: 3000: 2998: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2841: 2839: 2826: 2824: 2799: 2797: 1667:. All the constitutions and amendments were adopted by the 1561:

Constitution of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia

3100: 3098: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3028: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2686: 2684: 2659: 2657: 2565:"Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske (1974), Član 138" 2307:

Many priests accused of collaboration with the Ustaše and

2593:

Traditional translation, one more accurate would be the

1930:

memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts

987:

from Yugoslavia in 1991 and thereby contributing to

920: 126: 99: 69: 43: 3988: 3908: 3846: 3765: 3651: 3585: 3395: 2539:

Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011

714: 689: 675: 664: 656: 649: 632: 619: 606: 593: 580: 567: 554: 540: 524: 508: 498: 479: 464: 450: 431: 416: 402: 383: 368: 354: 301: 284: 274: 258: 32: 3156: 2487:Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (Croatia) 2422:Coat of arms used in 1990, before adoption of the 2143:, while colonists were the poor peasants, mostly 1836:(ZAVNOH), while the first head of government was 1824:, the first head of government of the SR Croatia. 1191:Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia 852:SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia 2535:"Population by ethnicity, 1971 – 2011 censuses" 1448:The republic is commonly referred to simply as 1997:reciprocated with talk about making Croatia a 1840:. Ironically, even though communists promoted 1441:. It was under this constitution that Croatia 4171:States and territories disestablished in 1991 3369: 3269: 2327:, where he died in 1960. Stepinac was made a 2252:and approximately 12% of the population were 1650:Politics of the Socialist Republic of Croatia 1336: 8: 1379:) on May 9, 1944, at the 3rd session of the 3345:* in order of population and territory size 2300:, Franjo Salis-Seewiss, Mihovil Pušić, and 2197:Secretary of the Communist Party of Croatia 1471:All in the fight for the freedom of Croatia 4166:States and territories established in 1943 3852: 3771: 3657: 3591: 3376: 3362: 3354: 3276: 3262: 3254: 2407:Flag used in 1990, before adoption of the 1343: 1329: 998: 244: 29: 3191:. London: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. 3116: 3089: 3019: 3004: 2970: 2949: 2937: 2857: 2845: 2830: 2815: 2803: 2675: 2624: 1397:Federativna Narodna Republika Jugoslavija 27:Federated state of Yugoslavia (1943–1991) 4151:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 3139: 3104: 3077: 3065: 3050: 3038: 2989: 2726: 2714: 2702: 2690: 2663: 2648: 2636: 2610:sfn error: no target: CITEREFCohen1996 ( 2187: 1816: 1711: 1585: 1416:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 943:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 2513:. New York City: Springer. p. 87. 2485:[State symbols] (in Croatian). 2474: 2343: 1393:Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia 1303: 1012: 1001: 888: 663: 660:56,594 km (21,851 sq mi) 655: 648: 523: 4156:Administrative divisions of Yugoslavia 3209:Povijest Jugoslavije: (1918–1991–2003) 2869: 1377:Federalna Država Hrvatska, FD Hrvatska 3159:Croatia : a nation forged in war 2605: 674: 670: 631: 618: 605: 592: 579: 566: 553: 549: 507: 478: 463: 459: 449: 430: 415: 411: 401: 382: 367: 363: 353: 7: 4181:1991 disestablishments in Yugoslavia 2044:1990 Croatian parliamentary election 1947:On October 17, 1989, the rock group 1040:History of Croatia before the Croats 3163:(2nd ed.). New Haven; London: 1481:In the first years of the war, the 1389:Demokratska Federativna Jugoslavija 1367:. It was officially founded as the 1359:and through the resolutions of the 3212:. Zagreb: Naklada P.I.P. Pavičić. 945:. By its constitution, modern-day 25: 4176:1943 establishments in Yugoslavia 3234:(in Croatian). Golden marketing. 2199:, a creator of the Five-Year Plan 1626:Croatian Republican Peasant Party 1508:, Croatian partisans founded the 922:Социјалистичка Република Хрватска 917:Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska 101:Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska 18:People's Republic of Croatia 3576: 2891:(in Croatian). February 14, 1990 2438: 2415: 2400: 2395:Emblem of SR Croatia (1947–1990) 2388: 2376: 2361: 2346: 1700:Croatian independence referendum 1312: 1023: 870: 856: 842: 828: 814: 789: 775: 761: 747: 700: 699: 207: 170: 154: 2248:The majority of residents were 1987:League of Communists in Croatia 1850:League of Communists of Croatia 1632:organization controlled by the 2383:Flag of SR Croatia (1945–1990) 1732:Organs of state administration 88:Socialist Republic of Croatia 1: 4136:Socialist Republic of Croatia 2543:Croatian Bureau of Statistics 2342: 1858:Communist Party of Yugoslavia 1769:Presidency of the Parliament 1634:Communist Party of Yugoslavia 1428:Socialist Republic of Croatia 1385:Democratic Federal Yugoslavia 1266:Socialist Republic of Croatia 1161:Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) 909:Socialist Republic of Croatia 755:Democratic Federal Yugoslavia 60:People's Republic of Croatia 3789:Gross domestic product (GDP) 3129:Catholic Dioceses in Croatia 2919:(in Croatian). July 25, 1990 2464:Timeline of Croatian history 1869:Independent State of Croatia 1741:Presidium of the Parliament 1495:Independent State of Croatia 1433:On December 22, 1990, a new 1401:People's Republic of Croatia 1250:Independent State of Croatia 966:Socialist Republic of Serbia 949:is its direct continuation. 3484:Personal union with Hungary 1802: 1786:Presidency of the Republic 1785: 1774: 1768: 1757: 1751: 1743: 1740: 1730: 1725: 1357:Second Session of the AVNOJ 1196:Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia 979:moved the republic towards 925:), commonly abbreviated as 533:Chamber of Representatives 4202: 4186:Former socialist republics 3719:Chief of the General Staff 2775:"Ustav Republike Hrvatske" 2595:Federated State of Croatia 2035: 2032:Transition to independence 2009:, creating a war climate. 1862:Communist Party of Croatia 1846:Communist Party of Croatia 1717: 1647: 1405:Narodna Republika Hrvatska 1383:. Yugoslavia, then called 1255: 1166:Croatian Military Frontier 961: 929:and referred to as simply 641:March 1991 – November 1995 71:Narodna Republika Hrvatska 4055: 3855: 3774: 3753:Security and intelligence 3660: 3594: 3574: 3509:Austrio-Hungarian kingdom 3342: 3292: 3232:Hrvatska moderna povijest 3206:Matković, Hrvoje (2003). 2069:Economic model and theory 1805: 1799: 1791: 1788: 1782: 1771: 1765: 1754: 1737: 1727:Organs of state authority 1722: 1477:poster from World War II. 921: 886: 797:Free Territory of Trieste 726: 685: 671: 645: 597:Last Constitution adopted 550: 494: 460: 446: 412: 398: 364: 243: 200: 188: 150: 145: 45:Federalna Država Hrvatska 34:Federal State of Croatia 3665:Administrative divisions 2021:Presidency of Yugoslavia 1854:representative democracy 1792:Republic Administration 1775:Republic Administration 1758:Republic Administration 1369:Federal State of Croatia 1256:Federal State of Croatia 201:"Our Beautiful Homeland" 4161:20th century in Croatia 3155:Tanner, Marcus (2001). 2075:Communist International 2058:independence of Croatia 2038:Independence of Croatia 1696:Constitution of Croatia 1658:Coat of arms SR Croatia 1644:Politics and government 889: 610:Independence referendum 349:constitutional republic 250:Location of Croatia in 3319:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2200: 2131: 2098:Renewal of the economy 2089:Economy during the war 2017:Yugoslav People's Army 1825: 1702:held on 19 May 1991). 1676: 1659: 1612:Croatian Peasant Party 1598: 1595:Croatian Peasant Party 1545:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1478: 1376: 916: 896:Croat or Serb language 127: 100: 70: 44: 4112:45.81611°N 15.97417°E 3519:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 3432:Dalmatian city-states 3165:Yale University Press 2773:(December 22, 1990). 2409:current national flag 2191: 2129: 2116:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1911: 1820: 1669:Parliament of Croatia 1657: 1589: 1468: 1228:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1128:Republic of Dubrovnik 1065:Origins of the Croats 623:Independence declared 285:Common languages 4141:Communism in Croatia 3980:World Heritage Sites 2424:current coat of arms 2234:directorate-generals 1718:Government branches 1523:decided to hold the 1363:, Croatia's wartime 1278:Contemporary Croatia 973:League of Communists 935:constituent republic 838:SAO Western Slavonia 517:Chamber of Counties 263:Constituent republic 194:Lijepa naša domovino 117:Republic of Croatia 4108: / 3799:History of currency 3553:War of Independence 3536:'Independent State' 2483:"Državna obilježja" 2254:Orthodox Christians 2214:Aleksandar Ranković 2051:Republic of Croatia 2015:In March 1991, the 1932:, the emergence of 1500:On 13 June 1943 in 1439:Republic of Croatia 1289:War of independence 1234:Banovina of Croatia 1186:Kingdom of Dalmatia 1181:Kingdom of Slavonia 1133:Republic of Poljica 1055:Ostrogothic Kingdom 636:War of Independence 571:End of World War II 563:13 and 14 June 1943 4117:45.81611; 15.97417 3824:Telecommunications 3558:Croatia since 1995 3543:Socialist Republic 3504:Illyrian Provinces 3494:Republic of Ragusa 3188:Croatia: A History 3068:, p. 286-287. 2940:, p. 210-211. 2575:. 22 February 1974 2459:History of Croatia 2258:Serbian Patriarchy 2201: 2132: 2025:state of emergency 1934:Slobodan Milošević 1928:, the nationalist 1912:After Tito's death 1885:Mehmed Alajbegović 1826: 1789:Executive Council 1772:Executive Council 1755:Executive Council 1660: 1599: 1483:Yugoslav Partisans 1479: 1445:on June 25, 1991. 1443:became independent 1319:Croatia portal 1294:Croatia since 1995 1220:State of Slovenes, 1176:Kingdom of Illyria 1171:Illyrian Provinces 1156:Republic of Venice 1123:Union with Hungary 1118:Kingdom of Croatia 958:socialist republic 866:Dubrovnik Republic 769:Kingdom of Hungary 404:Head of government 336:socialist republic 320:socialist republic 128:Republika Hrvatska 4091: 4090: 4051: 4050: 3945:Croatian language 3842: 3841: 3761: 3760: 3748:Foreign relations 3738:Political parties 3647: 3646: 3489:Venetian Dalmatia 3410:Origins of Croats 3351: 3350: 3346: 2742:(July 25, 1990). 2520:978-1-13743-397-8 2313:Aloysius Stepinac 2298:Aloysius Stepinac 2179:Industrialization 1950:Prljavo kazalište 1883:, Ivan Perčević, 1881:Miroslav Navratil 1810: 1809: 1692:liberal democracy 1424:Tito–Stalin split 1365:deliberative body 1353: 1352: 1108:Southern Dalmatia 905: 904: 882: 881: 878: 877: 802: 801: 536: 520: 484: 481:• 1989–1990 469: 466:• 1943–1944 436: 433:• 1990–1991 421: 418:• 1945–1953 388: 385:• 1990–1991 373: 370:• 1943–1949 346:Semi-presidential 236: 204: 140: 122: 114: 93: 83: 65: 57: 39: 16:(Redirected from 4193: 4146:Yugoslav Croatia 4123: 4122: 4120: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4101: 4071: 4064: 3853: 3772: 3658: 3592: 3580: 3499:Habsburg kingdom 3469:Medieval kingdom 3378: 3371: 3364: 3355: 3344: 3278: 3271: 3264: 3255: 3245: 3228:Bilandžić, Dušan 3223: 3202: 3178: 3162: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3108: 3102: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3023: 3017: 3008: 3002: 2993: 2987: 2974: 2968: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2879: 2873: 2867: 2861: 2855: 2849: 2843: 2834: 2828: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2788: 2767: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2757: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2706: 2700: 2694: 2688: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2652: 2646: 2640: 2634: 2628: 2622: 2616: 2615: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2570: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2479: 2448: 2443: 2442: 2441: 2419: 2404: 2392: 2380: 2365: 2350: 1898:authoritarianism 1873:Slavko Kvaternik 1838:Vladimir Bakarić 1822:Vladimir Bakarić 1712: 1688:one-party system 1345: 1338: 1331: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1258: 1252: 1236: 1222:Croats and Serbs 1098:Duchy of Croatia 1060:Byzantine Empire 1027: 1017: 999: 924: 923: 893: 874: 873: 860: 859: 846: 845: 832: 831: 818: 817: 806: 805: 793: 792: 783:Kingdom of Italy 779: 778: 765: 764: 751: 750: 744: 743: 728: 727: 710: 709: 703: 702: 696: 602:22 December 1990 534: 518: 482: 467: 434: 426:Vladimir Bakarić 419: 386: 371: 343: 327: 314:Marxist–Leninist 311: 248: 238: 237: 202: 198: 174: 158: 139: 138: 130: 124: 121: 118: 113: 112: 111: 103: 96: 94: 92: 89: 82: 81: 73: 67: 64: 61: 56: 55: 47: 41: 38: 35: 30: 21: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4190: 4126: 4125: 4116: 4114: 4110: 4107: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4092: 4087: 4074: 4067: 4060: 4047: 3984: 3960:Public holidays 3904: 3838: 3757: 3704:Law enforcement 3643: 3629:Protected areas 3581: 3572: 3479:Ban of Slavonia 3391: 3382: 3352: 3347: 3338: 3288: 3282: 3252: 3242: 3226: 3220: 3205: 3199: 3181: 3175: 3154: 3151: 3146: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3123: 3115: 3111: 3103: 3096: 3088: 3084: 3076: 3072: 3064: 3057: 3049: 3045: 3037: 3026: 3018: 3011: 3003: 2996: 2988: 2977: 2969: 2956: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2922: 2920: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2881: 2880: 2876: 2868: 2864: 2856: 2852: 2844: 2837: 2829: 2822: 2814: 2810: 2802: 2795: 2786: 2784: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2755: 2753: 2738: 2737: 2733: 2725: 2721: 2713: 2709: 2701: 2697: 2689: 2682: 2674: 2670: 2662: 2655: 2647: 2643: 2635: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2609: 2604: 2600: 2592: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2571:(in Croatian). 2568: 2563: 2562: 2558: 2548: 2546: 2545:. 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3626: 3621: 3616: 3611: 3606: 3604:Extreme points 3601: 3595: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3575: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3568:European Union 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3539: 3538: 3528: 3527: 3526: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3474:Ban of Croatia 3471: 3466: 3465: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3439: 3437:Lower Pannonia 3434: 3429: 3427:Medieval duchy 3424: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3407: 3401: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3383: 3381: 3380: 3373: 3366: 3358: 3349: 3348: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3273: 3266: 3258: 3251: 3250:External links 3248: 3247: 3246: 3240: 3224: 3218: 3203: 3197: 3183:Goldstein, Ivo 3179: 3173: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3144: 3142:, p. 284. 3132: 3121: 3119:, p. 225. 3117:Bilandžić 1999 3109: 3107:, p. 295. 3094: 3092:, p. 213. 3090:Bilandžić 1999 3082: 3080:, p. 287. 3070: 3055: 3053:, p. 294. 3043: 3041:, p. 286. 3024: 3022:, p. 224. 3020:Bilandžić 1999 3009: 3007:, p. 223. 3005:Bilandžić 1999 2994: 2992:, p. 293. 2975: 2973:, p. 212. 2971:Bilandžić 1999 2954: 2952:, p. 211. 2950:Bilandžić 1999 2942: 2938:Bilandžić 1999 2930: 2916:Narodne novine 2902: 2888:Narodne novine 2874: 2872:, p. 207. 2862: 2860:, p. 190. 2858:Goldstein 1999 2850: 2848:, p. 209. 2846:Bilandžić 1999 2835: 2833:, p. 235. 2831:Bilandžić 1999 2820: 2818:, p. 219. 2816:Bilandžić 1999 2808: 2806:, p. 218. 2804:Bilandžić 1999 2793: 2780:Narodne novine 2762: 2749:Narodne novine 2731: 2729:, p. 277. 2719: 2717:, p. 276. 2707: 2705:, p. 274. 2695: 2693:, p. 272. 2680: 2678:, p. 208. 2676:Bilandžić 1999 2668: 2666:, p. 281. 2653: 2651:, p. 280. 2641: 2639:, p. 257. 2629: 2627:, p. 215. 2625:Bilandžić 1999 2617: 2598: 2586: 2573:Narodne novine 2556: 2526: 2519: 2499: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2446:Croatia portal 2433: 2430: 2428: 2427: 2421: 2414: 2412: 2406: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2375: 2373: 2367: 2360: 2358: 2352: 2345: 2340: 2337: 2333:Pope Pious XII 2302:Josip Srebrnič 2282:Split-Makarska 2245: 2242: 2210:Edvard Kardelj 2185: 2184:Five-Year Plan 2182: 2180: 2177: 2123: 2120: 2099: 2096: 2090: 2087: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2036:Main article: 2033: 2030: 1913: 1910: 1877:Vladimir Košak 1830:Vladimir Nazor 1814: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1720: 1719: 1716: 1690:and adopted a 1648:Main article: 1645: 1642: 1630:suprapolitical 1583: 1580: 1536: 1533: 1525:second session 1514:Vladimir Nazor 1491:Croatian Serbs 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1351: 1350: 1348: 1347: 1340: 1333: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1308: 1307: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1261: 1260: 1247: 1245: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1225: 1218: 1216: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 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396: 395: 390: 384: 381: 380: 378:Vladimir Nazor 375: 369: 366: 365: 362: 361: 358: 352: 351: 305: 299: 298: 289:Croato-Serbian 286: 282: 281: 276: 272: 271: 260: 256: 255: 249: 241: 240: 206: 186: 185: 176: 169: 168: 160: 153: 152: 151: 148: 147: 143: 142: 135:Serbo-Croatian 108:Serbo-Croatian 78:Serbo-Croatian 52:Serbo-Croatian 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4198: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4131: 4124: 4121: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4075: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4058: 4054: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3987: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3907: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3875:Ethnic groups 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3845: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3814:Privatization 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3804:National Bank 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3764: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3714:General Staff 3712: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3693: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3682: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3650: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3579: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3537: 3534: 3533: 3532: 3529: 3525: 3522: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3421: 3420:White Croatia 3418: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3379: 3374: 3372: 3367: 3365: 3360: 3359: 3356: 3341: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3291: 3286: 3279: 3274: 3272: 3267: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3256: 3249: 3243: 3241:953-6168-50-2 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3219:953-6308-46-0 3215: 3211: 3210: 3204: 3200: 3198:1-85065-525-1 3194: 3190: 3189: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3174:0-300-09125-7 3170: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3153: 3152: 3148: 3141: 3140:Matković 2003 3136: 3133: 3130: 3125: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3110: 3106: 3105:Matković 2003 3101: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3078:Matković 2003 3074: 3071: 3067: 3066:Matković 2003 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3051:Matković 2003 3047: 3044: 3040: 3039:Matković 2003 3035: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3016: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3001: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2990:Matković 2003 2986: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2931: 2918: 2917: 2912: 2906: 2903: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2866: 2863: 2859: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2794: 2783:(in Croatian) 2782: 2781: 2776: 2772: 2766: 2763: 2752:(in Croatian) 2751: 2750: 2745: 2741: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2727:Matković 2003 2723: 2720: 2716: 2715:Matković 2003 2711: 2708: 2704: 2703:Matković 2003 2699: 2696: 2692: 2691:Matković 2003 2687: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2672: 2669: 2665: 2664:Matković 2003 2660: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2649:Matković 2003 2645: 2642: 2638: 2637:Matković 2003 2633: 2630: 2626: 2621: 2618: 2613: 2608:, p. 95. 2607: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2590: 2587: 2574: 2566: 2560: 2557: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2522: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2503: 2500: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2475: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2447: 2436: 2431: 2425: 2418: 2413: 2410: 2403: 2398: 2391: 2386: 2379: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2359: 2355: 2349: 2344: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2270:Đakovo-Osijek 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2229: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2170: 2164: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2150: 2149:Bosnian Serbs 2146: 2142: 2138: 2137:Volksdeutsche 2128: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2097: 2095: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2078: 2076: 2068: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2039: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2022: 2019:met with the 2018: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995:Franjo Tuđman 1992: 1988: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1963: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1951: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1920: 1919:Ante Marković 1909: 1907: 1901: 1899: 1893: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1823: 1819: 1812: 1796: 1795: 1779: 1778: 1762: 1761: 1748: 1747: 1736: 1733: 1728: 1721: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1679:). After the 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1656: 1651: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1498: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1476: 1472: 1467: 1460: 1456:Establishment 1455: 1453: 1451: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1327: 1326: 1324: 1323: 1320: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1275: 1274: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1070:White Croatia 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1034:Early history 1031: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1011: 1006: 1000: 994: 992: 990: 986: 982: 978: 977:Franjo Tuđman 974: 969: 967: 963: 959: 956:and became a 955: 950: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 918: 914: 910: 897: 892: 885: 869: 867: 864: 863: 855: 853: 850: 849: 841: 839: 836: 835: 827: 825: 822: 821: 813: 811: 808: 807: 804: 798: 795: 788: 787: 784: 781: 774: 773: 770: 767: 760: 759: 756: 753: 746: 745: 742: 741: 738: 735: 733: 730: 729: 725: 722: 719: 717: 716:ISO 3166 code 713: 698: 692: 688: 684: 680: 667: 659: 652: 644: 640: 637: 627: 624: 614: 611: 601: 598: 588: 585: 575: 572: 562: 559: 546: 543: 539: 532: 529: 516: 513: 504: 501: 497: 493: 490: 487: 475: 472: 455: 453: 445: 442: 441:Josip Manolić 439: 427: 424: 407: 405: 397: 394: 393:Franjo Tuđman 391: 379: 376: 359: 357: 356:Head of state 350: 347: 342: 337: 334: 331: 326: 321: 318: 315: 310: 306: 304: 300: 295: 290: 287: 283: 280: 277: 273: 270: 269: 264: 261: 257: 253: 247: 242: 196:" (1972–1991) 195: 191: 187: 181: 173: 165: 157: 149: 144: 136: 129: 115: 109: 102: 84: 79: 72: 53: 46: 31: 19: 4093: 4008:Coat of arms 4003:Checkerboard 3918:Architecture 3865:Demographics 3692:Human rights 3670:Constitution 3548:Independence 3542: 3531:World War II 3415:White Croats 3313: 3231: 3208: 3187: 3158: 3135: 3124: 3112: 3085: 3073: 3046: 2945: 2933: 2921:. Retrieved 2914: 2905: 2893:. Retrieved 2886: 2877: 2865: 2853: 2811: 2785:. Retrieved 2778: 2765: 2754:. Retrieved 2747: 2734: 2722: 2710: 2698: 2671: 2644: 2632: 2620: 2601: 2594: 2589: 2577:. Retrieved 2559: 2547:. Retrieved 2538: 2529: 2509: 2502: 2490:. Retrieved 2477: 2325:Jastrebarsko 2306: 2247: 2238:legal person 2230: 2226: 2202: 2173: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2133: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2092: 2079: 2072: 2055: 2048: 2041: 2014: 2011: 1999:nation state 1983: 1964: 1948: 1946: 1923: 1915: 1902: 1894: 1866: 1827: 1731: 1726: 1706: 1704: 1694:through the 1661: 1638: 1622:Vladko Maček 1615: 1608:Ivan Šubašić 1600: 1591:Ivan Šubašić 1571: 1568:Soviet model 1565: 1538: 1518: 1499: 1480: 1470: 1461:World War II 1449: 1447: 1438: 1435:Constitution 1432: 1427: 1413: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1388: 1368: 1354: 1284:Independence 1265: 1243:World War II 1208:20th century 1075:White Croats 981:independence 970: 954:World War II 951: 930: 926: 908: 906: 891: 737:Succeeded by 736: 731: 677:• 1991 628:25 June 1991 452:Party leader 340: 324: 308: 266: 189: 86: 59: 4115: / 4023:Decorations 3514:World War I 3442:Red Croatia 3405:Prehistoric 2870:Tanner 2001 2331:in 1953 by 2218:Rade Končar 1979:Ivica Račan 1975:Milan Kučan 1813:Tito period 1806:Government 1800:Parliament 1783:Parliament 1766:Parliament 1752:Parliament 1744:Government 1738:Parliament 1409:NR Hrvatska 1214:World War I 1087:Middle Ages 1014:History of 983:, formally 824:SAO Krajina 732:Preceded by 704: 0.672 615:19 May 1991 535:(1990–1991) 528:Lower house 519:(1990–1991) 512:Upper house 499:Legislature 489:Ivica Račan 180:(1947–1990) 164:(1947–1990) 120:(1990–1991) 91:(1963–1990) 63:(1946–1963) 37:(1943–1945) 4130:Categories 4103:15°58′27″E 4100:45°48′58″N 3975:Television 3950:Literature 3885:Healthcare 3726:Parliament 3680:Government 3639:Topography 3447:Narentines 3334:Montenegro 2787:2011-12-27 2756:2011-12-27 2606:Cohen 1996 2541:. Zagreb: 2470:References 2294:Poreč-Pula 2222:Prvomajska 2082:centralism 1991:Yugoslavia 1842:federalism 1803:President 1797:1990–1991 1780:1974–1990 1763:1971–1974 1749:1953–1971 1723:1947–1953 1603:Milan Grol 1549:Montenegro 1422:after the 927:SR Croatia 666:Population 576:8 May 1945 341:1990–1991: 325:1948–1990: 309:1945–1948: 303:Government 268:Yugoslavia 252:Yugoslavia 199:(English: 4033:Interlace 3890:Languages 3870:Education 3834:Transport 3743:Elections 3675:President 3624:Mountains 3587:Geography 3462:Kanalites 3452:Zachlumia 3324:Macedonia 3302:Vojvodina 2923:April 27, 2549:6 October 2317:sentenced 2286:Dubrovnik 1685:communist 1576:Politburo 1557:Macedonia 1420:Stalinism 1145:Modernity 962:see below 681:4,784,265 333:one-party 317:one-party 296:standard) 146:1943–1991 4078:Category 3895:Religion 3880:Genetics 3809:The euro 3794:Industry 3709:Military 3653:Politics 3524:Banovina 3457:Travunia 3389:articles 3329:Slovenia 3230:(1999). 3185:(1999). 2432:See also 2329:cardinal 2266:Križevci 2262:Holy See 2244:Religion 2169:kolhozes 2145:Croatian 2141:Slavonia 2003:jingoism 1971:majority 1939:Belgrade 1673:Croatian 1582:Election 1541:Slovenia 1535:Creation 1487:Dalmatia 1475:Partisan 1373:Croatian 1305:Timeline 1005:a series 1003:Part of 985:seceding 933:, was a 545:Cold War 294:Croatian 4062:Outline 4013:Costume 3990:Symbols 3933:Cuisine 3910:Culture 3848:Society 3829:Tourism 3767:Economy 3731:Speaker 3619:Mammals 3609:Islands 3599:Climate 3397:History 3385:Croatia 3314:Croatia 3149:Sources 2579:24 July 2492:25 July 2454:Croatia 2339:Symbols 2278:Šibenik 2256:of the 2220:" and " 2064:Economy 1906:Muslims 1715:Period 1572:de jure 1450:Croatia 1016:Croatia 947:Croatia 941:of the 931:Croatia 810:Croatia 634:• 621:• 608:• 595:• 582:• 569:• 556:• 526:• 510:• 468:(first) 420:(first) 372:(first) 330:Titoist 275:Capital 192: " 190:Anthem: 4083:Portal 3998:Anthem 3928:Cinema 3860:Croats 3784:Energy 3779:Brands 3634:Rivers 3387: 3307:Kosovo 3297:Serbia 3238: 3216: 3195: 3171: 2895:May 9, 2517: 2369:Emblem 2321:Krašić 2290:Rijeka 2195:, 4th 1967:Serbia 1955:Zagreb 1942:regime 1926:Kosovo 1860:, the 1617:Ustaše 1553:Serbia 1510:ZAVNOH 1502:Otočac 1381:ZAVNOH 1361:ZAVNOH 1007:on the 708:medium 695:(1991) 693: 558:ZAVNOH 483:(last) 456: 435:(last) 408: 387:(last) 360: 279:Zagreb 259:Status 178:Emblem 131: 104: 74: 48: 4069:Index 4043:Names 4038:Motto 4028:Flags 4018:Crown 3970:Sport 3955:Music 3900:Women 3614:Lakes 2771:Sabor 2740:Sabor 2569:(PDF) 2323:near 2274:Zadar 2112:UNRRA 1677:Sabor 1529:Jajce 1521:AVNOJ 995:Names 651:Area 503:Sabor 3938:Wine 3697:LGBT 3563:NATO 3236:ISBN 3214:ISBN 3193:ISBN 3169:ISBN 2925:2009 2897:2009 2612:help 2581:2012 2551:2021 2515:ISBN 2494:2012 2354:Flag 2309:Axis 2292:and 2212:and 2147:and 2042:The 2007:fear 2005:and 1977:and 1959:rose 1665:SFRY 1555:and 1506:Lika 937:and 907:The 657:1991 589:1971 162:Flag 3923:Art 2224:". 1709:". 1527:in 1473:", 1411:). 691:HDI 265:of 4132:: 3167:. 3097:^ 3058:^ 3027:^ 3012:^ 2997:^ 2978:^ 2957:^ 2913:. 2885:. 2838:^ 2823:^ 2796:^ 2777:. 2746:. 2683:^ 2656:^ 2537:. 2335:. 2304:. 2288:, 2284:, 2280:, 2276:, 2272:, 2268:, 2060:. 2053:. 1944:. 1900:. 1887:, 1879:, 1875:, 1675:: 1551:, 1547:, 1543:, 1504:, 1452:. 1430:. 1407:, 1375:: 991:. 968:. 919:/ 915:: 721:HR 3377:e 3370:t 3363:v 3287:* 3277:e 3270:t 3263:v 3244:. 3222:. 3201:. 3177:. 2927:. 2899:. 2790:. 2759:. 2614:) 2583:. 2553:. 2523:. 2496:. 1671:( 1597:. 1469:" 1403:( 1395:( 1387:( 1371:( 1344:e 1337:t 1330:v 911:( 898:" 292:( 203:) 137:) 133:( 110:) 106:( 80:) 76:( 54:) 50:( 20:)

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