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382:. Pele came disguised as a beautiful stranger and was greeted by Poliʻahu. However, Pele became jealously enraged at the goddess of Mauna Kea. She opened the caverns of Mauna Kea and threw fire from them towards Poliʻahu, with the snow goddess fleeing towards the summit. Poliʻahu was finally able to grab her now-burning snow mantle and throw it over the mountain. Earthquakes shook the island as the snow mantle unfolded until it reached the fire fountains, chilling and hardening the lava. The rivers of lava were driven back to
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crowning a wreath of kau-no'a. Pele feels sorry for her younger brother and picks him up again. Pele used the divining rod, Pa‘oa, to pick a new home. A group of chants tells of a pursuit by
Namakaokahaʻi, who tears Pele apart. Her bones, KaiwioPele, form a hill on Kahikinui, while her spirit escaped to the island of Hawaiʻi.
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Legend told that Pele herself journeyed on her canoe from the island of Tahiti to Hawaiʻi. When on her journey, it was said she tried to create her fires on different islands, but her sister, Nāmaka, was chasing her, wanting to put an end to her. In the end, the two sisters fought each other and Pele
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is a currently active volcano that is located on the island of Hawaiʻi and is still being extensively studied. Many
Hawaiians believe Kilauea to be inhabited by a "family of fire gods," one of the sisters being Pele who is believed to govern Kilauea and is responsible for controlling its lava flows.
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plant are considered sacred to Pele. Traditionally prayers and offerings to Pele were always made before eating the berries. The volcano crater was an active lava lake, which the natives feared was a sign that Pele was not pleased with the violation. Although wood carvings and thatched temples were
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with Lohiʻau, she saw Hōpoe covered in stone and knew Pele was behind this. Hiʻiaka spitefully embraced Lohiʻau in Pele's view, which further angered Pele, who then covered Lohiʻau with lava as well. The sisters saw that their anger led to the death of the two people who meant the most to them, so
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because of her sister Hiʻiaka, who is believed to be the first person to dance hula. As a result of Pele's significance in hula, there have been many hula dances and chants dedicated to her and her family. With hula being dedicated to Pele, the dance is often performed in a way that represents her
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In another version of the myth, Pele hears the beating of drums and chanting coming from Kauaʻi while she is sleeping and travels there in her spirit form. She disguises herself as a beautiful young woman and meets Lohiʻau in this way. After three days of making love together, Pele goes back to
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and with her brothers
Kamohoaliʻi, Kane-milo-hai, Kane-apua, arriving at the islets above Hawaii. There Kane-milo-hai is left on Mokupapapa, just a reef, to build it up in fitness for human residence. On Nihoa, 800 feet above the ocean, Pele leaves Kane-apua after her visit to Lehua and after
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visitors center. The existing portrait of what looked like a blond
Caucasian as the Hawaiian goddess had been criticized by many Native Hawaiians. Over 140 paintings were submitted, and finalists were displayed at sites within the park. The winner of the contest was artist
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was killed. With this happening, her body was destroyed but her spirit lives in Halemaʻumaʻu on
Kilauea. They say, "Her body is the lava and steam that comes from the volcano. She can also change form, appearing as a white dog, old woman, or beautiful young woman."
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In another version, Pele comes from a land said to be "close to the clouds," with parents Kane-hoa-lani and Ka-hina-liʻi, and brothers Ka-moho-aliʻi and
Kahuila-o-ka-lani. From her husband Wahieloa (also called Wahialoa) she has a daughter, Laka, and a son
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There are several traditional legends associated with Pele in
Hawaiian mythology. In addition to being recognized as the goddess of volcanoes, Pele is also known for her power, passion, jealousy, and capriciousness. She has numerous siblings, including
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states that Pele herself occasionally warns locals of impending eruptions. Appearing in the form of either a beautiful young woman or an elderly woman with white hair, sometimes accompanied by a small white dog, and always dressed in a red
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descended into Halemaʻumaʻu after reciting a
Christian prayer instead of the traditional Hawaiian one to Pele. As it was predicted, she survived and this story was often told by missionaries to show the superiority of their faith.
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from 1904 through 1921, he would often "pray" to Pele for the sake of the tourists. Park officials frowned upon his practices of tossing items, such as gin bottles (after drinking their contents), into the crater.
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Pele apologetically brought Lohiʻau back to life and let him decide whom he would choose. Unfortunately for Pele, Lohiʻau ended up choosing Hiʻiaka, yet Pele gave them both her blessing.
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In addition to her role as goddess of fire and her strong association with volcanoes, Pele is also regarded as the "goddess of the hula." She is a significant figure in the history of
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The sea floods the land, then recedes; this flooding is called Kai a
Kahinalii ("The sea of Ka-hina-liʻi"), as Pele's connection to the sea was passed down from her mother Kahinalii.
390:. Later battles also led to the defeat of Pele and confirmed the supremacy of the snow goddesses in the northern portion of the island, and Pele in the southern portion.
319:, fears that Pele's ambition would smother the homeland and drives Pele away. Kamohoali'i takes Pele south in a canoe called Honua-i-a-kea, along with her younger sister
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337:. Pele-kumu-honua entices her husband and Pele travels in search of him. The sea pours from her head over the land of Kanaloa (perhaps the island now known as
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406:, who also convinced the rest of her family that Pele would burn them all. Then, Pele travels on the canoe Honuaiakea to find a new home with her brother
244:. Pele's siblings include deities of various types of wind, rain, fire, ocean wave forms, and cloud forms. Her home is believed to be the fire pit called
509:, states that Pele's wrath will fall on anyone who removes items from her island. Every year numerous small natural items are returned by post to the
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Myths about Pele encode dateable natural events. The chronology of Pele’s journey corresponds with the geological age of the
Hawaiian islands.
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included an 11-page summary of the legends of Pele in his 1923 collection of Hawaiian legends, a reprint of which is available online from the
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In one version of the story, Pele is the daughter of Kanehoalani and Haumea in the mystical land of Kuaihelani, a floating free land like
184:, Sky Father, both descendants of the supreme beings. Pele is also known as "She who shapes the sacred land," known to be said in ancient
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by tourists seeking Pele's forgiveness. It is believed Pele's Curse was invented in the mid-20th century to deter tourist depredation.
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Radebaugh, J.; et al. (2004). "Observations and temperatures of Io's Pele Patera from Cassini and Galileo spacecraft images".
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1168:"Who is the goddess of Pele and how is she related to the origin of the Hawaiian Islands?" Oregon State University System website,
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240:, the most famous being Hiʻiakaikapoliopele (Hiʻiaka in the bosom of Pele). They are usually considered to be the offspring of
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Belief in Pele continued after the old religion was officially abolished in 1819. In the summer of 1823 English missionary
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One myth tells that Poliʻahu had come from Mauna Kea with her friends to attend sled races down the grassy hills south of
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in the Bosom of Pele) or Hiʻiaka for short. She is her favorite sister and encouraged her to befriend the people of
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497:, Pele is said to walk along the roads near Kīlauea, but will vanish if passersby stop to help her, similar to the
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1532:"Hawaii's hot rocks blamed by tourists for bad luck / Goddess said to curse those who take a piece of her island"
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legend. The passerby is then obliged to warn others or suffer misfortune in the next eruption. Another legend,
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149:. Often referred to as "Madame Pele" or "Tūtū Pele" as a sign of respect, she is a well-known deity within
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Pele shares features similar to other malignant deities inhabiting volcanoes, as in the case of the devil
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Pele shares features similar to other malignant deities inhabiting volcanoes, as in the case of the devil
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with little food, Ellis eagerly ate the wild berries he found growing there. The berries of the ʻōhelo
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toured the island to determine locations for mission stations. After a long journey to the volcano
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1617:"Rendering Pele: Artists gather paints and canvas in effort to be chosen as Pele's portrait maker"
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Both of the chants above were performed at Halemaʻumaʻu, where it is said Pele currently resides.
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Donald A. Swanson, "Hawaiian oral tradition describes 400 years of volcanic activity at Kilauea,"
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In different stories talking about the goddess Pele, she was born from the female spirit named
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and is notable for her contemporary presence and cultural influence as an enduring figure from
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briefly moved to Hawaii and sparked violent protests from locals after claiming their founder
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had a special competition for Pele paintings to replace one done in the early 20th century by
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http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/who-goddess-pele-and-how-she-related-origin-hawaiian-islands
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1762:""Cult-like" Colorado spiritual group met with violent protests during Hawaiian sojourn"
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http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/PacificStudies/id/1232/rec/18
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http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/PacificStudies/id/1232/rec/18
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and a recurring figure in Hawaiian folklore, sometimes described as the consort of Pele
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The goddess of volcanoes and fire, creator of the Hawaiian Islands in Hawaiian religion
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1222:"Ancient Hula Types Database," Hula Preservation Society. Retrieved on 6 April 2018.
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Ahu-i-maiʻa-pa-kanaloa, brother, name translates to "banana bunch of Kanaloa's field"
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Schrempp, Gregory; Craig, Robert D. (1991). "Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology".
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1460:. Crocker and Brewster, New York, republished 2004, Mutual Publishing, Honolulu.
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in her right hand. The painting is now on display at the Kilauea Visitor Center.
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Several phenomena connected to volcanism have been named after her, including
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or Hiʻiaka-i-ka-pua-ʻena-ʻena, sister, spirit of the dance, lei maker, healer
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2011:
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MP3 sample by native speaker Kaʻupena Wong: Legend of Pele, Goddess of Fire
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559:. This version shows the goddess in shades of red, with her digging staff
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A journal of a tour around Hawai'i, the largest of the Sandwidch Islands
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easily destroyed, the volcano was a natural monument to the goddess.
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Voices of fire : reweaving the literary lei of Pele and Hi'iaka
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chants. The first published stories about Pele were written down by
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In one account of the Pele myths, she is banished from her home in
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Pele is considered to be a rival of the Hawaiian goddess of snow,
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http://pages.mtu.edu/~raman/papers2/SwansonKilaueaMythsJVGR08.pdf
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In 2006, one volcanologist suggested the battle between Pele and
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H. Arlo Nimmo. "Pele, Ancient Goddess of Contemporary Hawaii,"
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H. Arlo Nimmo. "Pele, Ancient Goddess of Contemporary Hawaii,"
1147:. Mutual Publishing, originally published 1916 by Ellis Press.
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Sacred is the fountain covered with the lehua blossoms of Puna
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in her left hand, and an embryonic form of her sister goddess
145:) is the goddess of volcanoes and fire and the creator of the
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The foundation of Puna is crimson, covered in lehua blossoms.
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All About Hawaii: Thrum's Hawaiian Annual and Standard Guide
708:
Wahieloa, husband which she fathered sons Laka and Menehune
1819:
Ethnografia y anales de la conquista de las Islas Canarias
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From Sword to Share; Or, A Fortune in Five Years at Hawaii
1158:
Ethnografia y anales de la conquista de las Islas Canarias
699:
Tama-ehu, brother, god of salamanders and fire in Tahitian
1582:
William Hyde Rice, preface by Edith J. K. Rice (1923).
988:"TuTu Pele: The Living Goddess of Hawaiʻi's Volcanoes"
485:(1809–1892) wrote a poem about the incident in 1892.
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Press release on Volcano Art Center Gallery web site
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2136:
1948:
291:intense personality and the movement of volcanoes.
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1298:Hawaiian Folk Tales A Collection of Native Legends
1224:http://www.hulapreservation.org/hulatype.asp?ID=18
968:, god of volcanoes in the Lucumi/santeria religion
903:was inspired by geological events around 1500 AD.
847:as responsible for the eruptions of the volcano.
777: Mai ka Lua a‘u i hele mai nei, mai Kīlauea,
635:, a shark god and the keeper of the water of life
581:Pele is among the gods and goddesses depicted in
279:as responsible for the eruptions of the volcano.
1530:Cart, Julie; Times, Los Angeles (17 May 2001).
1418:Ha'ena : through the eyes of the ancestors
1279:. London, England: W.H. Allen and Co. pp.
629:Ka-maiau, war god, relative to Pele and Hiʻiaka
1131:(Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 1970).
792: From the crater I’ve come, from Kīlauea,
520:ran a hotel at the rim of Kīlauea, called the
431:Hawaiʻi and Lohiʻau dies from a broken heart.
1921:
1643:"Visions of Pele, the Hawaiian Volcano Deity"
8:
1509:. Vol. 8. Macmillan. pp. 261–263.
684:, the spirit of lava fountains (a hunchback)
402:for creating hot spots by her older sister,
1708:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History
1240:
1238:
1087:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History
1008:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History
1928:
1914:
1906:
1506:The life and works of Alfred Lord Tennyson
1069:. Coffee Times, retrieved on 8 April 2018.
45:
1865:Piccardi, Luigi; Masse, W. Bruce (2007).
794:The women of the caldera have strung leis
1449:
1447:
1445:
1296:"Pele and the Deluge," Access Genealogy
865:Pele's hair, a volcanic glass in strands
722: Lapakū ka wahine a‘o Pele i Kahiki
199:
978:
779:Ke kui ‘ia maila e nā wāhine o ka Lua ē
601:Pele's other prominent relatives are:
441:Arthur Johnsen § The Goddess Pele
140:
29:
1896:Mythical Realm: Pele, Goddess of Fire
1781:
1779:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
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1323:
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1302:, 1907, Retrieved on 24 October 2012.
1112:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal
1079:
1077:
1075:
843:and was considered by the aboriginal
654:, spirit of the thunder (a hunchback)
7:
751:May profound reverence alight indeed
749:Continuously flashing in the heavens
745:Continuously flashing in the heavens
1760:Sam Tabachnik (11 September 2020).
1489:. Thomas G. Thrum, Honolulu: 40–53.
881:(Pele's seaweed). A volcano on the
638:Kane-ʻapua, demigod younger brother
204:According to legend, Pele lives in
626:, mother and takes different forms
303:. Kuaihelani was in the region of
25:
1315:. Boston, G.H. Ellis Press, 1916.
1273:Nicholson, Henry Whalley (1881).
1179:, N/A, retrieved on 9 April 2018.
705:, enemy from Polynesian Mythology
583:Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room
535:'s Special Publications section.
275:and considered by the aboriginal
2301:1955 Hawaiian submarine eruption
1871:. Geological Society of London.
1678:"Fresh face put on volcano park"
1342:The Journal of American Folklore
783:I ‘ula i ka papa ka lehua o Puna
472:defying the volcano goddess Pele
165:('Pele of the sacred land') and
2397:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
2392:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
2382:Evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes
1786:Hoomanawanui, kuualoha (2014).
1741:Arthur Johnsen Gallery web site
1503:(1899). Hallam Tennyson (ed.).
1245:Martha Warren Beckwith (1940).
1209:vol. 9, no. 2 (1986): 158-159.
1192:vol. 9, no. 2 (1986): 158-159.
660:, father and division with fire
214:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
1615:Rod Thompson (July 13, 2003).
1285:Behold, it bursts on Kanaloa!.
1034:"Madame Pele's Grip on Hawaii"
781:‘O Puna lehua ‘ula i ka papa
755:To the crater at Halema‘uma‘u.
743: Pele is active in Tahiti
548:Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
350:Behold, it bursts on Kanaloa!
1:
1652:. August 2003. Archived from
1313:Hawaiian legends of volcanoes
1144:Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes
1084:Nimmo, H. Arlo (2011-10-14).
753:Rumbling, puffing, Pele comes
747:May profound reverence alight
690:, spirit of the rain and fire
236:, and numerous sisters named
56:
39:Goddess of Volcanoes and Fire
2407:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
1852:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.019
1213:. Retrieved on 6 April 2018.
1196:. Retrieved on 9 April 2018.
169:('The earth-eating woman').
1141:William Westervelt (1999).
962:, ancient Roman god of fire
732:‘Uhī a ‘uhā mai ana ‘o Pele
2514:
2321:2022 eruption of Mauna Loa
2311:1984 eruption of Mauna Loa
2306:1975 eruption of Mauna Loa
1481:Penrose C. Morris (1920).
1118:. Retrieved on 6-Apr-2018.
1032:Wong, Alia (11 May 2018).
1011:. McFarland. p. 208.
986:'Iolana, Patricia (2006).
854:
438:
394:Pele, Hiʻiaka, and Lohiʻau
371:. The kapa-maker lives on
2123:
2112:North Arch volcanic field
1960:South Arch volcanic field
1737:"Arthur Johnsen: Painter"
839:), living on the volcano
775:
734:I ka lua a‘o Halema‘uma‘u
720:
346:O the sea, the great sea!
248:at the summit caldera of
44:
37:
2316:2018 lower Puna eruption
1595:Bernice P. Bishop Museum
1383:Varez, Dietrich (1991).
1127:Martha Warren Beckwith,
1060:"Pele – Goddess of Fire"
672:, a goddess of fertility
533:Bernice P. Bishop Museum
478:High Chiefess Kapiʻolani
341:) and her brothers say:
271:, living on the volcano
2452:Puna Geothermal Venture
2387:Haleakalā National Park
1705:Nimmo, H. Arlo (2011).
1683:The Honolulu Advertiser
1387:. Bishop Museum Press.
728:‘Oaka e ka lani noke nō
724:‘Oaka e ka lani noke nō
180:, or Earth Mother, and
161:of the goddess include
2193:Pearl and Hermes Atoll
2130:
1622:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
1454:William Ellis (1823).
1385:Pele, the fire goddess
1005:H. Arlo Nimmo (2011).
866:
790:
741:
678:, spirit of explosions
473:
353:
217:
2148:French Frigate Shoals
2129:
1569:National Park Service
1114:176 (2008): 427-431.
930:, goddess of fire in
864:
511:National Park Service
483:Alfred, Lord Tennyson
476:In December 1824 the
468:
457:Vaccinium reticulatum
348:Forth bursts the sea:
343:
254:Big Island of Hawaiʻi
203:
2080:East Molokai Volcano
2075:West Molokai Volcano
1501:Alfred Lord Tennyson
570:The religious group
503:vanishing hitchhiker
2427:Mauna Loa eruptions
2326:Keanakakoi eruption
1844:2004Icar..169...65R
1561:Hawaii Nature Notes
1557:"The Volcano House"
1251:. Forgotten Books.
589:. She is voiced by
544:D. Howard Hitchcock
167:Ka wahine ʻai honua
53:D. Howard Hitchcock
2483:Hawaiian goddesses
2131:
1937:Hawaiian volcanism
1584:"Hawaiian Legends"
1311:W. D. Westervelt,
1248:Hawaiian Mythology
1229:2021-04-11 at the
1175:2021-04-21 at the
1129:Hawaiian Mythology
1065:2017-03-26 at the
867:
682:Ke-ō-ahi-kama-kaua
676:Ka-poho-i-kahi-ola
644:, a shapeshifting
612:Haumea (mythology)
540:Volcano Art Center
474:
218:
176:, a descendant of
151:Hawaiian mythology
2498:Volcano goddesses
2478:Creator goddesses
2465:
2464:
2412:Kīlauea eruptions
2402:Hawaiian eruption
2331:ʻAilāʻau eruption
2292:Notable eruptions
2153:Gardner Pinnacles
1878:978-1-86239-216-8
1686:. August 16, 2003
1416:Andrade, Carlos.
1258:978-1-60506-957-9
1097:978-0-7864-8653-3
1018:978-0-7864-6347-3
920:, god of fire in
829:Guanche Mythology
813:
812:
770:
769:
666:, a mortal sister
605:Ai-kanaka, friend
546:displayed in the
529:William Hyde Rice
516:When businessman
499:Resurrection Mary
359:Pele and Poliʻahu
295:Expulsion version
265:Guanche Mythology
133:Hawaiian religion
129:
128:
16:(Redirected from
2505:
2168:Lisianski Island
2128:
1965:Kamaʻehuakanaloa
1930:
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922:Samoan mythology
913:Painting of Pele
772:
730:‘Eli‘eli kau mai
726:‘Eli‘eli kau mai
717:
614:, mother of Pele
313:Nā-maka-o-Kahaʻi
147:Hawaiian Islands
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61:
58:
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30:
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18:Pele (mythology)
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889:is also named
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1764:. Denver Post
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1659:on 2010-12-05
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659:
658:Kane-hoa-lani
656:
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633:Kā-moho-aliʻi
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447:William Ellis
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404:Namakaokahaʻi
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328:Flood version
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80:fire, volcano
79:
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43:
36:
31:
19:
2447:Pele's tears
2437:Pele (deity)
2436:
2336:Halemaʻumaʻu
2178:Midway Atoll
2084:
2070:Penguin Bank
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
1867:
1860:
1838:(1): 65–79.
1835:
1831:
1825:
1814:
1787:
1766:. Retrieved
1755:
1744:. Retrieved
1740:
1731:
1707:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1681:
1672:
1661:. Retrieved
1654:the original
1649:
1637:
1626:. Retrieved
1620:
1610:
1599:. Retrieved
1590:
1577:
1564:
1560:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1535:
1525:
1505:
1495:
1486:
1476:
1456:
1417:
1411:
1384:
1378:
1348:(412): 231.
1345:
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1201:
1189:
1184:
1164:
1153:
1143:
1136:
1128:
1123:
1111:
1106:
1086:
1055:
1043:. Retrieved
1039:The Atlantic
1037:
1027:
1007:
1000:
991:
981:
898:
895:
875:Pele's tears
868:
857:Geomythology
822:
814:
791:
776:
742:
721:
600:
587:Disney Parks
580:
572:Love Has Won
569:
560:
538:In 2003 the
537:
527:
515:
507:Pele's Curse
490:urban legend
487:
475:
454:
444:
435:Modern times
429:
397:
377:
362:
354:
345:
331:
308:
301:Fata Morgana
298:
285:
281:
258:
246:Halemaʻumaʻu
226:Kāne Milohai
219:
206:Halemaʻumaʻu
171:
166:
162:
139:(pronounced
136:
130:
124:Kāne Milohai
71:Halemaʻumaʻu
2442:Pele's hair
2422:Limu o Pele
2377:ʻAʻā (lava)
2346:Kīlauea Iki
1984:Kīlauea Iki
1768:3 September
1483:"Kapiolani"
942:earthquakes
879:Limu o Pele
871:Pele's hair
652:Kane-Hekili
591:Ginny Tyler
578:was Pele.
576:Amy Carlson
408:Kamohoaliʻi
230:Kamohoaliʻi
98:Ku-waha-ilo
60: 1929
2472:Categories
2158:Kure Atoll
2023:Kahoʻolawe
1746:2010-04-28
1690:August 28,
1663:2010-01-08
1628:2010-01-08
1601:2010-01-08
1597:, Honolulu
1591:Bulletin 3
1394:0930897528
973:References
851:In geology
819:Other data
470:Kapiʻolani
439:See also:
339:Kahoʻolawe
120:Kamohoalii
2361:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
2351:Mauna Ulu
2294:and vents
2223:Daikakuji
2205:Seamounts
2173:Maro Reef
2060:West Maui
2055:Haleakalā
2012:Mauna Kea
2002:Mauna Loa
1996:Mauna Ulu
1992:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
1806:913842694
1713:McFarland
1436:986668949
1362:0021-8715
946:volcanoes
940:, god of
642:Kamapuaʻa
624:Hina-alii
597:Relatives
384:Mauna Loa
369:Mauna Kea
85:Genealogy
2117:Waiʻanae
2097:Honolulu
2065:Molokaʻi
2007:Hualālai
1970:Māhukona
1950:Windward
1939:topics (
1541:29 April
1403:25687609
1227:Archived
1173:Archived
1063:Archived
938:Rūaumoko
918:Ti'iti'i
907:See also
845:Guanches
664:Kaʻōhelo
373:Hualalai
365:Poliʻahu
335:Menehune
315:, a sea
277:Guanches
186:Hawaiian
159:Epithets
104:Siblings
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2228:Detroit
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1980:Kīlauea
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1840:Bibcode
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261:Guayota
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