302:, an abolitionist missionary from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as a school for the freed slaves, which was named for William Penn, Quaker champion for human liberty and founder of Pennsylvania. For many years the work was financed by Philadelphia Quaker abolitionists. Ellen Murray, a Quaker teacher, joined her in the work. Charlotte Forten, born into a wealthy free black family in Philadelphia, joined them as the school's first black teacher. The Brick Church was used as an early meeting, educational, and administrative space, and the school's first dedicated educational building was constructed in 1864, from prefabricated parts shipped from Pennsylvania. The school remained an active educational institution, under the leadership of Rossa Cooley and Grace House, for the island's population until 1948, when the state took over public education on the island. The institution then became the Penn Center, with directors including
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and his staff of the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference held retreats here in the 1960s. Gantt Cottage, on the Penn Campus, was where Dr. King stayed. A Retreat Center on the water was planned as a safer place for Dr. King to stay, but it was not completed before his death in 1968. It was,
285:
The Penn Center is located about one mile south of
Frogmore on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. The 47-acre (19 ha) campus is divided by the road, and includes a number of historic buildings related to the original function as a school, including classrooms, living spaces for students,
297:
forces quickly captured Saint Helena Island, prompting the local plantation owners to flee. The military administration of the island partitioned the old plantations, giving the land to the former slaves who lived there. The Penn School was established in 1862 by
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404:), Although not part of Penn’s Campus, the Brick Church on the northeast border has always fulfilled a significant role in Penn’s History. Brick Church housed classes as Penn School moved from Oaks Plantation into their dedicated schoolhouse.
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318:), Brick Baptist Church is protected by a Park Service building easement and Darrah Hall, on the campus of the Penn Center, has been deeded over to the Park Service, as well as the adjacent parking area.
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696:(1931), built by Penn students, the Butler Building originally served as the place of the home economics departments, the graduates’ meeting room, the boy’s clubhouse, exhibits, and the band room.
585:
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539:
310:, and continued an educational mission for the island's preschoolers and adults, as well as maintaining a museum, cultural center, and conference meeting space. With the creation of the
86:
576:), this building housed all of the harness-making, wheelwrighting, blacksmith, basketry, carpentry, and cobbling classes. The building today houses Penn Center's York W. Bailey Museum.
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640:(1922), was a memorial to Agnes Lathers, one of the early teachers at Penn. It was originally a dormitory for male students and teachers and is used today as administrative offices.
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702:(1937), was used as housing for students and teachers from South Carolina State University working in the county schools. It is currently used for conference guests.
622:), originally built as a laundry, the Dining Hall accommodates up to a hundred people and provides a variety of local Gullah-Style foods to Conference Center guests.
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686:), built on the site of the original Penn Center schoolhouse, Frissell has been and is still used as a community gathering place, having even been used by the
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311:
321:
Penn Center played an important part in the civil rights movement, as one of the few places in the Jim Crow south where interracial groups could meet.
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524:(1907), built to house Penn's single female teachers and nurse offices. Cedar Cottage is named after the abundant trees found on St. Helena Island.
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518:), the female teachers and students used Benezet House as their on-campus residence and this house was the center of home economics training.
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teachers, and administrators. The oldest building on the campus is the 1855 Brick Church, built by the plantation owners of the island.
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634:(1921), built by students as housing for the school's superintendent, Pine Cottage is used today to house guests of Penn Center.
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708:(1938), was used to stack sweet potatoes for curing. The Potato House is now fenced in and used for storage of farm machinery.
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628:(1920's), the learning center is utilized by the Program for Academic and Cultural Enrichment (PACE) as a daycare program.
334:, during the Charleston Hospital Strike of 1969. Notable South Carolina figures in the civil rights movement, including
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1803:
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420:(1882), the oldest building on Penn Center's campus, Darrah Hall has been a community nexus for over a hundred years.
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714:(1940), the current Gantt Cottage was built by Penn students as a replacement to the original. During the 1960's,
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748:'s death, the Retreat House was planned as a more scenic and meditative place for his meetings over the smaller
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in
January 2017. In 2019, it became the Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, along with Fort Sumter.
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slaves freed after plantation owners fled the island, and continues to fulfill an educational mission.
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977:
National
Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Penn Center Historic District / Penn School
734:(1946), originally built as a dairy barn, the cannery has been used for canning tomato and processing
1973:
1938:
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specifically for the education of
African-Americans. It provided critical educational facilities to
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and bearing the inscription "Proclaim
Liberty". The bell is now on display at Penn Center's museum.
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2008:
2003:
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1048:
Martin Luther King, Jr., The
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and Penn Center 1964-1967.
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410:(1865), located next to the Benezet House, the Bell Tower housed a brass bell modeled after the
985:
948:"Presidential Proclamation - Reconstruction Era National Monument (U.S. National Park Service)"
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426:(1900), built by the students, Alden Sales House has been used as a thrift shop and milk house.
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https://www.worldcat.org/title/photographs-from-the-book-face-of-an-island/oclc/1281684409
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stayed at Gantt
Cottage as he visited Penn Center for meetings and there wrote his "
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1088:(Thesis). Colleges of Education, University of South Carolina. UMI Number: 9214946.
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in 1974. Darrah Hall and Brick
Baptist Church on the campus were declared part of
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Historic districts on the
National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
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857:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Beaufort County, South Carolina
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School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
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National Register of Historic Places in Beaufort County, South Carolina
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1111:
Official website of the Penn Center, St. Helena Island, South Carolina
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1036:
http://npshistory.com/publications/reer/penn-center-walking-tour.pdf
2013:
1105:
Penn Center Historic District, Beaufort County (St. Helena Island)
735:
1034:
Penn Center Historic District. (n.d.). Penn Center Walking Tour.
879:
1022:
Cultural Resources, Partnerships, and Science Southeast Region.
242:, is an African-American cultural and educational center in the
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1124:
530:(1911), built by Penn's carpentry students to house teachers.
250:. Founded in 1862 by Quaker and Unitarian missionaries from
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2243:
Buildings and structures in Berkeley County, South Carolina
1115:
1062:
South Carolina Department of Archives and History. (n.d.).
1024:
http://npshistory.com/publications/reer/hsr-darrah-hall.pdf
1067:
1051:
472:), was used as on-site housing for teachers and guests.
1107:, at South Carolina Department of Archives and History
1002:
National Archives and Records Administration. (2017).
987:
Accompanying two photos, exterior, from 1965 and 1974
852:
List of National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina
266:
photographed students and activities at the school.
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1954:
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1529:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
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1219:
1185:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
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1064:
African American Historic Places in South Carolina.
306:, Courtney Siceloff, John Gadson, Joe McDomick and
224:
216:
211:
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1004:South Carolina SP Penn Center Historic District.
1101:SCIway.net, South Carolina Information Highway
1085:Across the bridge: Penn School and Penn Center
1066:Home | SC Department of Archives and History.
1050:Home | SC Department of Archives and History.
1006:National Archives and Records Administration.
2238:National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina
1570:
1136:
8:
2253:African-American museums in South Carolina
2248:Museums in Beaufort County, South Carolina
1866:
1617:A House Divided: Denmark Vesey's Rebellion
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970:
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911:National Historic Landmark summary listing
68:
1794:Gullah/Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
1152:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1008:https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997169
847:Gullah/Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
314:(which in spring 2019 was elevated as an
254:, it was the first school founded in the
48:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1020:Darrah Hall - Historic Structure Report.
901:
899:
688:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
384:32.389754917802804°N 80.57606867793497°W
57:U.S. National Historic Landmark District
913:. National Park Service. Archived from
868:
760:
728:(1942), built as a teacher's residence.
2258:Education museums in the United States
880:"National Register Information System"
874:
872:
626:Green Learning Center Rosenwald School
389:32.389754917802804; -80.57606867793497
326:however, used by his associates, Rev.
31:
2273:1862 establishments in South Carolina
7:
2278:Saint Helena Island (South Carolina)
1967:Timeline of African-American history
885:National Register of Historic Places
842:Reconstruction Era National Monument
312:Reconstruction Era National Monument
275:Reconstruction Era National Monument
690:for training and strategy meetings.
350:all had connections to Penn Center
271:National Historic Landmark District
25:
1668:Bruh Rabbit and the Tar Baby Girl
744:(1968), built during the year of
140:St. Helena Island, South Carolina
2202:
2201:
1853:
1847:
1773:Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses
1210:
1203:
1099:Penn Center - History and Photos
982:(Report). National Park Service.
823:
811:
799:
787:
775:
763:
117:
110:
92:
85:
1082:Jordan, Francis Harold (1991).
1018:National Park Service. (2019).
907:"Penn School Historic District"
200:
1:
1116:Brick Baptist Church web site
694:Butler Building (Penn Center)
613:Emory S. Campbell Dining Hall
580:Emory S. Campbell Dining Hall
126:Show map of the United States
40:Penn School Historic District
18:Penn School Historic District
2052:Slavery in the United States
2047:History of the United States
975:James Sheire (August 1974).
269:The campus was designated a
29:United States historic place
1804:Michael Row the Boat Ashore
1511:National Historic Landmarks
430:Hampton House (Penn Center)
2299:
638:Lathers Memorial Dormitory
101:Show map of South Carolina
2199:
1946:South Carolina Lowcountry
1845:
1519:
1201:
732:The Cannery (Penn Center)
199:NRHP reference
79:
67:
63:
54:
45:
38:
34:
1999:History of Guinea-Bissau
1962:African-American history
1908:Beaufort, South Carolina
1830:African-American culture
782:Back view of Darrah Hall
677:Frissell Community House
644:Frissell Community House
2035:History of Sierra Leone
1928:Golden Isles of Georgia
746:Martin Luther King, Jr.
716:Martin Luther King, Jr.
666:32.389411°N 80.576675°W
602:32.388493°N 80.575187°W
556:32.387897°N 80.576541°W
498:32.388332°N 80.575288°W
452:32.388710°N 80.575835°W
289:At the outbreak of the
281:Description and history
1708:Afro-American religion
1524:Keeper of the Register
1175:Keeper of the Register
742:Retreat House and Dock
408:Penn Center Bell Tower
316:National Historic Park
256:Southern United States
2063:Related ethnic groups
2028:History of the Gambia
1887:Port Royal Experiment
1701:Religion and folklore
1641:Daughters of the Dust
1544:Contributing property
1190:National Park Service
1170:Contributing property
1068:https://scdah.sc.gov/
1052:https://scdah.sc.gov/
1046:Power, T. J. (1993).
890:National Park Service
671:32.389411; -80.576675
607:32.388493; -80.575187
567:York W. Bailey Museum
561:32.387897; -80.576541
503:32.388332; -80.575288
457:32.388710; -80.575835
354:Penn Center Buildings
186:47 acres (19 ha)
167:32.38830°N 80.57530°W
1974:Atlantic slave trade
1649:Gullah Gullah Island
534:Cope Industrial Shop
395:Brick Baptist Church
362:Brick Baptist Church
264:Leigh Richmond Miner
225:Designated NHLD
74:Brick Baptist Church
1789:Charleston red rice
1601:Film and television
892:. January 23, 2007.
806:Basket making class
661: /
597: /
551: /
493: /
447: /
379: /
340:James McBride Dabbs
300:Laura Matilda Towne
248:Saint Helena Island
172:32.38830; -80.57530
163: /
2023:History of Senegal
2009:History of Nigeria
2004:History of Liberia
1758:John the Conqueror
632:Pine Grove Cottage
323:Martin Luther King
291:American Civil War
2215:
2214:
2195:
2194:
2070:African Americans
1979:History of Angola
1935:(protected site)
1843:
1842:
1835:Culture of Africa
1814:Robot Hive/Exodus
1782:Music and culture
1675:Vibration Cooking
1625:A Soldier's Story
1552:
1551:
1539:Historic district
1180:Historic district
424:Alden Sales House
244:Corners Community
232:
231:
220:September 9, 1974
212:Significant dates
16:(Redirected from
2290:
2205:
2204:
1994:History of Ghana
1989:History of Congo
1984:History of Benin
1918:Eulonia, Georgia
1913:Daufuskie Island
1867:
1857:
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1485:North Charleston
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228:December 2, 1974
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1955:Related history
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1892:Stono Rebellion
1877:Bilali Document
1858:
1852:
1839:
1823:Related culture
1818:
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1753:Hot foot powder
1723:Flying Africans
1696:
1692:Gullah language
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1077:Further reading
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917:on June 6, 2011
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770:Benezet House
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750:Gantt Cottage
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348:James Clyburn
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2040:Bunce Island
1901:Demographics
1882:Igbo Landing
1713:Black church
1673:
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1660:Publications
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1449:Williamsburg
1289:Chesterfield
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992:(32 KB)
986:
955:. Retrieved
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942:
931:
919:. Retrieved
915:the original
910:
883:
818:Sewing class
700:Arnett House
412:Liberty Bell
357:
344:Esau Jenkins
328:Andrew Young
320:
288:
284:
268:
252:Pennsylvania
239:
235:
233:
136:Nearest city
26:
1939:Hog Hammock
1809:Ranky Tanky
1743:Goofer dust
1652:(1994–2000)
1499:Other lists
1434:Spartanburg
957:January 17,
952:www.nps.gov
669: /
605: /
559: /
501: /
455: /
418:Darrah Hall
387: /
332:James Bevel
240:Penn School
236:Penn Center
170: /
146:Coordinates
2222:Categories
2187:Toucouleur
2018:Senegambia
1768:Ring shout
1748:Haint blue
1480:Greenville
1470:Charleston
1414:Orangeburg
1339:Greenville
1334:Georgetown
1314:Dorchester
1304:Darlington
1274:Charleston
863:References
675: (
656:80°34′36″W
653:32°23′22″N
611: (
592:80°34′31″W
589:32°23′19″N
565: (
546:80°34′36″W
543:32°23′16″N
507: (
488:80°34′31″W
485:32°23′18″N
461: (
442:80°34′33″W
439:32°23′19″N
393: (
374:80°34′34″W
371:32°23′23″N
295:Union Army
158:80°34′31″W
155:32°23′18″N
1490:Rock Hill
1399:McCormick
1384:Lexington
1369:Lancaster
1344:Greenwood
1324:Fairfield
1319:Edgefield
1294:Clarendon
1239:Allendale
1229:Abbeville
1222:by county
921:March 10,
722:" speech.
364:(1855) (
330:and Rev.
293:in 1861,
2208:Category
2165:Niominka
2120:Mandinka
1685:Language
1475:Columbia
1424:Richland
1404:Newberry
1394:Marlboro
1329:Florence
1299:Colleton
1279:Cherokee
1264:Berkeley
1259:Beaufort
1254:Barnwell
1244:Anderson
836:See also
646:(1925) (
582:(1917) (
536:(1912) (
478:(1905) (
432:(1904) (
206:74001824
2075:Ambundu
1923:Georgia
1863:History
1799:Kumbaya
1718:Boo Hag
1609:Conrack
1594:Culture
1506:Bridges
1419:Pickens
1374:Laurens
1364:Kershaw
1349:Hampton
1284:Chester
1269:Calhoun
1249:Bamberg
757:Gallery
2155:Laalaa
2110:Kpelle
1728:Hoodoo
1644:(1991)
1636:(1989)
1628:(1984)
1620:(1982)
1612:(1974)
1588:topics
1439:Sumter
1429:Saluda
1409:Oconee
1389:Marion
1359:Jasper
1309:Dillon
1163:Topics
990:
346:, and
260:Gullah
2180:Saafi
2175:Palor
2150:Serer
2145:Wolof
2135:Temne
2125:Mende
2115:Limba
2105:Kongo
2100:Kissi
2014:Sahel
1633:Glory
1444:Union
1354:Horry
1234:Aiken
1220:Lists
980:(pdf)
736:Conch
191:Built
2170:Noon
2160:Ndut
2130:Susu
2095:Jola
2090:Igbo
2085:Fula
2080:Baga
1733:Mojo
1454:York
984:and
959:2017
923:2008
234:The
194:1855
183:Area
2140:Vai
1379:Lee
1154:in
246:on
201:No.
2224::
2016:/
967:^
950:.
909:.
898:^
888:.
882:.
871:^
342:,
338:,
1578:e
1571:t
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961:.
925:.
752:.
738:.
679:)
615:)
569:)
511:)
465:)
397:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
