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Historically, most accounts of the strike have mainly looked at its effects on male workers, owners, management, economy, and trade unions. However, modern historians are working to broaden this focus. They aim to shed light on the wider community's experiences during the strike, paying special
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as the site of two prolonged strikes by workers demanding better pay and safer conditions. The first strike lasted eleven months in 1896. The second began on 22 November 1900 and lasted for three years. Known as "The Great Strike of
Penrhyn", this was the longest dispute in British industrial
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is nearly 1 mile (1.6 km) long and 1,200 feet (370 metres) deep, and it was worked by nearly 3,000 quarrymen. It has since been superseded in size by slate quarries in China, Spain and the USA. Penrhyn is still
Britain's largest slate quarry but its workforce is now nearer 200.
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In 2007 it was purchased by Kevin Lagan (an Irish businessman who is the owner and chairman of the Lagan Group) and renamed Welsh Slate Ltd. Kevin Lagan and his son Peter (MD of Lagan
Building Solutions Ltd) are now directors of Welsh Slate Ltd which also includes
354:. Much of his early working was for local use only as no large scale transport infrastructure was developed until Pennant's involvement. From then on, slates from the quarry were transported to the sea at
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history. During the strike, the community was divided between those who laid down their tools and those who crossed the picket line. Many locals wrote "
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The first reference to slate extraction at
Penrhyn is from 1570, when the quarry is mentioned in a Welsh poem. The quarry was developed in the 1770s by
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in
Bethesda, organised a co-operative to take over several other local quarries and employ locked-out Penrhyn quarrymen. He eventually included
645:
Owen, Teleri (2019–2020). ""Yn
Ddirgel ac yn Gyhoeddus: Rôl, Effaith, a Phortreadaeth Merched yn ystod Streic Fawr y Penrhyn, 1900–1903"".
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In the longer term the strike lessened confidence in the Welsh slate industry, leading to declining orders and greater unemployment.
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A part of the site no longer in use for slate extraction is the site of a new adventure tourism facility operated by
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built in 1798, one of the earliest railway lines. In the 19th century the
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Velocity 2 flies over an abandoned and partially flooded part of the quarry.
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Cregier, Don M. (1976). "Knickerbockers and Red
Stockings, 1863-1884".
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857:(including much description of the site, location map, etc.) on the
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Bounder from Wales: Lloyd George's Career before the First World War
577:. Columbia & London: University of Missouri Press. p. 12.
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Welsh slate such as that quarried at
Penrhyn was designated by the
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711:"Quarry firm Welsh Slate sold as part of multi-million pound deal"
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890:, Vol. XXXII, No. 913, Saturday, 17 April 1858, pp. 392–393.
405:" or "There is no traitor in this house" in their front windows.
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attention to the often ignored roles and perspectives of women.
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762:"Welsh Slate's Cambrian slate wins international recognition"
599:"Penrhyn Castle and the Great Penrhyn Quarry Strike, 1900-03"
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In 1868 eighty workers were sacked for failing to vote for
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From 1963 until 2007 the quarry was owned and operated by
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Hughes, J. Elwyn; Hughes, Bryn; Wood, Dennis S. (1979).
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The quarry is significant in the history of the
British
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unveiled a plaque in memory of those who participated.
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The Penrhyn Slate Quarries in North Wales circa 1858
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787:"Wales' slate landscape wins World Heritage status"
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The Hendre Ddu Tramway: Blue Stones and Green Trees
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469:. The Lagan Group was itself acquired by the
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493:International Union of Geological Sciences
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894:History of Bangor Blue Slates In Ireland
859:National Monuments Record of Wales (NMRW)
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880:, No. 12, 8 September 1832, pp. 93.
737:"Experience adventure at Penrhyn quarry"
562:. Washington Government Printing Office.
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831:The Penrhyn quarry: Yesterday and Today
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1673:The Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales
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431:Transport and General Workers' Union
504:slate landscape of Northwest Wales
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851:, the owners of Penrhyn quarry
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392:Penrhyn slate quarry, ca. 1900
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33:Penrhyn Slate Quarry, in 1852
16:Slate quarry in north Wales.
888:The Illustrated London News
874:"The Penrhyn Slate Quarry,"
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403:Nid oes bradwr yn y tŷ hwn
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697:28 September 2013 at the
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1446:Rhiw-goch (Denbighshire)
992:Fron-Boeth and Pant-Mawr
789:. BBC News. 28 July 2021
620:"Chwarel Pantdreiniog".
559:The technology of slate
556:Bowles, Oliver (1922).
188:1,200 feet (370 metres)
1668:Slate mines in Gwynedd
1431:Deeside and Moelfferna
622:Baner ac Amserau Cymru
524:Penrhyn Quarry Railway
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378:George Douglas-Pennant
363:Penrhyn Quarry Railway
692:National Slate Museum
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930:Welsh slate quarries
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601:. The National Trust
463:Pen-yr-Orsedd quarry
371:Welsh slate industry
1570:Frongoch (Aberdyfi)
863:https://coflein.org
833:. Penrhyn Quarries.
671:. Lightmoor Press.
508:World Heritage Site
455:Cwt y Bugail quarry
235:Year of acquisition
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938:Blaenau Ffestiniog
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855:The quarry's entry
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409:William John Parry
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667:(December 2022).
624:. 24 April 1901.
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502:In July 2021 the
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813:. Retrieved
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793:24 September
791:. Retrieved
781:
769:. Retrieved
765:
756:
744:. Retrieved
740:
731:
719:. Retrieved
714:
705:
687:
668:
659:
650:
646:
640:
621:
615:
603:. Retrieved
593:
574:
568:
558:
551:
501:
490:
479:
447:
440:
428:
425:
421:
417:Pantdreiniog
407:
402:
395:
375:
360:narrow gauge
356:Port Penrhyn
345:
315:
313:
268:24 July 1962
260:25 June 1801
243:
69:Location in
18:
1550:Bryn Eglwys
1475:Ty'n-y-coed
1436:Moel y Faen
1376:Moel Tryfan
1342:Ty'n-y-bryn
1302:Chwarel Ddu
1229:Tan-y-Bwlch
1096:Gartheiniog
1007:Maenofferen
957:Blaen y Cwm
771:24 February
746:24 February
721:24 February
331:North Wales
302:578 mm
279:Track gauge
226:.welshslate
141: /
117:Coordinates
1647:Categories
1510:Llangolman
1407:Llangollen
1396:Tal-y-Sarn
1386:Pen-y-Bryn
1312:Cwm Eigiau
1214:Moel Faban
1180:Llwyngwern
1150:Braichgoch
1140:Abercorris
1106:Maesygamfa
1091:Foel Dinas
1081:Cae Abatty
1072:Aberangell
715:Daily Post
665:Quine, Dan
543:References
160:Production
126:53°10′01″N
98:(formerly
1658:Llandygai
1590:Glyn-lago
1545:Bellstone
1485:Goleuwern
1361:Alexandra
1322:Hafod-Las
1263:Glyrhonwy
1239:Llanberis
1101:Hendreddu
1037:Penmachno
1002:Llechwedd
997:Graig Ddu
977:Cwmorthin
522:See:
482:Zip World
477:in 2018.
273:Technical
129:4°04′01″W
1605:Rosebush
1555:Cwm Ebol
1538:Outliers
1490:Hen-Ddol
1470:Bryngwyn
1421:Cambrian
1405:Vale of
1371:Dorothea
1268:Marchlyn
1258:Dinorwic
1200:Bethesda
1155:Cambergi
1042:Rhiwbach
741:Zipworld
695:Archived
530:See also
518:Railways
486:zip line
413:alderman
350:, later
327:Bethesda
298: in
245:Railways
201:pre-1570
165:Products
86:Bethesda
81:Location
39:Location
1585:Gilfach
1565:Dolgoch
1441:Penarth
1366:Cilgwyn
1248:Cefn Du
1224:Penrhyn
1185:Ratgoed
1170:Gaewern
1160:Cymerau
1111:Minllyn
1057:Wrysgan
1047:Rhosydd
1027:Oakeley
1017:Moelwyn
972:Croesor
967:Conglog
942:Croesor
865:website
605:25 July
473:-based
465:in the
358:on the
342:History
293:⁄
252:History
219:Website
211:Company
193:History
107:Country
96:Gwynedd
71:Gwynedd
63:Penrhyn
22:Penrhyn
1580:Glogue
1560:Darren
1461:Arthog
1426:Clogau
1416:Berwyn
1297:Cedryn
1273:Vivian
1175:Hengae
675:
647:Llafur
581:
512:UNESCO
495:as a '
484:. The
461:, and
323:quarry
265:Closed
257:Opened
198:Opened
179:Quarry
92:County
1451:Wynne
1287:Conwy
1283:Lledr
1074:areas
1012:Manod
950:areas
886:, in
320:slate
318:is a
206:Owner
169:Slate
111:Wales
84:near
1512:Area
1463:area
1409:area
1354:area
1337:Rhos
1317:Foel
1285:and
1241:area
1202:area
1128:area
1069:and
1032:Parc
946:and
817:2024
795:2024
773:2019
748:2019
723:2019
673:ISBN
607:2019
579:ISBN
453:and
314:The
238:2007
228:.com
175:Type
1165:Era
876:in
861:'s
847:of
626:hdl
510:by
457:in
335:pit
224:www
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286:10
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300:(
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291:3
288:+
102:)
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