Pepper spray - Knowledge (XXG)

1856:: Code of Virginia § 18.2-312. Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene, and other gases. "If any person maliciously releases or cause or procure to be released in any private home, place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas, mustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or mixtures of chemicals designed to, and capable of, producing vile or injurious or nauseating odors or gases, and bodily injury results to any person from such gas or odor, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 3 felony. If such act be done unlawfully, but not maliciously, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the use of tear gas or other gases by police officers or other peace officers in the proper performance of their duties, or by any person or persons in the protection of the person, life or property." 27: 962:

the general feeling of sudden and intense searing pain about the face, nose, and throat. This is due to irritation of mucous membranes. Many people experience fear and are disoriented due to sudden restriction of vision even though it is temporary. There is associated shortness of breath, although studies performed with asthmatics have not produced any asthma attacks in those individuals, and monitoring is still needed for the individuals after exposure. Police are trained to repeatedly instruct targets to breathe normally if they complain of difficulty, as the shock of the exposure can generate considerable panic as opposed to actual physical symptoms.

1680:: Pepper spray in Switzerland is subject to the Chemicals Legislation. It may only be distributed to buyers above 18 years of age and against ID evidence. Self-service is not permitted and the customer ought to be made aware of safe storage, use and disposal. The vendor needs to possess the "Know-how for the distribution of particularly hazardous chemicals". Potential mailing has to be shipped by registered courier with the remark "to addressee only". The products must be classified and labeled at least an irritant (Xi;R36/37). Regulations for aerosol packages need to be observed. Sprays with 1781:: As of January 1, 1996 and as a result of Assembly Bill 830 (Speier), the pepper spray and Mace programs are now deregulated. Consumers will no longer be required to have the training, and a certificate is not required to purchase or possess these items. Pepper spray and Mace are available through gun shops, sporting goods stores, and other business outlets. California Penal Code Section 12400–12460 govern pepper spray use in California. Container holding the defense spray must contain no more than 2.5 ounces (71 g) net weight of aerosol spray. 953:

beyond the effects described above. Due to these studies and deaths, many law enforcement agencies have moved to include policies and training to prevent positional deaths. However, there are some scientific studies that argue the positional asphyxiation claim is a myth due to pinpoint pressure on a person. The study by two universities stressed that no pressure should be applied to the neck area. They concluded that the person's own weight is not scientifically enough to stop a person's breathing with the rest of their body supported.

1945:: Possession of pepper spray by unauthorized persons is illegal, under an amendment of the Police Offences Act 1935, being classified as an "offensive weapon". Likewise, possession of knives, batons, and any other instrument that may be considered, "Offensive Weapons" if they are possessed by an individual, in a Public Place, "Without lawful excuse", leading to confusion within the police force over what constitutes "lawful excuse". Self-defense as a lawful excuse to carry such items varies from one officer to the next. 1694: 930:(ACLU) documented 27 people in police custody who died after exposure to pepper spray in California since 1993. However, the ACLU report counts all deaths occurring within hours of exposure to pepper spray regardless of prior interaction, taser use, or if drugs are involved. In all 27 cases listed by the ACLU, the coroners' report listed other factors as the primary cause of death; in a few cases the use of pepper spray may have been a contributing factor. 853: 937:, and a UNC study in 2000 stated that the compound in peppers, capsaicin, is mildly mutagenic, and 10% of mice exposed to it developed cancer. Where the study also found many beneficial effects of capsaicin, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration released statements declaring exposure of employees to OC is an unnecessary health risk. As of 1999, it was in use by more than 2,000 public safety agencies. 748:

and 2%. The federal government of the United States has determined that bear attack deterrent sprays must contain at least 1.0% and not more than 2% CRC. Because the six different types of capsaicinoids under the CRC heading has different levels of potency (up to 2× on the SHU scale), the measurement does not fully represent the strength. Manufacturers do not state which particular type of capsaicinoids are used.

1066: 1793:: Before July 1, 2014, residents may purchase defense sprays only from licensed Firearms Dealers in that state, and must hold a valid Firearms Identification Card (FID) or License to Carry Firearms (LTC) to purchase or to possess outside of one's own private property. New legislations allow residents to purchase pepper spray without a Firearms Identification Card starting July 1. 762:(SHU) is a common indication of pepper spiciness. It does take into account the different potency of CRC compounds, but it cannot be reliably used in pepper spray because it measures the strength of the dry product, i.e. the OC resin and not what comes in the aerosol spray. As the resin is always diluted to make it spray-able, the SHU rating is not useful on its own. 4563: 3436: 598: 941:

approved pepper spray for FBI use. Prosecutors said that from December 1989 through 1990, Ward received about $ 5,000 a month for a total of $ 57,500, from Luckey Police Products, a Fort Lauderdale, Florida-based company that was a major producer and supplier of pepper spray. The payments were paid through a Florida company owned by Ward's wife.

1746:—while legal to be carried by anyone, it is against the law if its use causes "a risk of imminent death or serious bodily harm to another person" or harming the environment and carries a penalty up to a fine of $ 500,000 and jail time of maximum 3 years. Carrying bear spray in public, without justification, may also lead to charges under the 3531:"Regolamento concernente la definizione delle caratteristiche tecniche degli strumenti di autodifesa che nebulizzano un principio attivo naturale a base di Oleoresin Capsicum e che non abbiano attitudine a recare offesa alla persona, in attuazione dell'articolo 3, comma 32, della legge n. 94/2009. (11G0142) (GU n. 157 del 8-7-2011)" 861: 900:"Past experience has shown that to rely on manufacturers unsubstantiated claims about the absence of hazards is unwise. In the US, companies making crowd control weapons, (e.g. pepper-gas manufacturer Zarc International), have put their technical data in the public domain without loss of profitability." 1684:

relevant propellants such as R134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluorethan) are banned. Spray products for self-defense with irritants such as CA, CS, CN, CR are considered as weapons in terms of the gun control law. The weapon purchase permit, as well as the weapon carrier permit, are required for the purchase of

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The US federal government uses CRC (capsaicin and related capsaicinoids) content for regulation. CRC is the pain-producing component of the OC that produces the burning sensation. Personal pepper sprays can range from a low of 0.18% to a high of 3%. Most law enforcement pepper sprays use between 1.3%

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By regulation, OC products with a maximum OC concentration of 10% and weight range of oleoresin of capsicum and inert ingredients of 15–60 grams (0.53–2.12 oz) are authorized. Further, the product cannot be camouflaged and must have a safety feature designed to prevent accidental discharge. The

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For individuals not previously exposed to OC effects, the general feelings after being sprayed can be best likened to being "set alight". The initial reaction, should the spray be directed at the face, is the involuntary closing of the eyes, an instant sensation of the restriction of the airways and

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of individuals in police custody. There is much debate over the actual cause of death in these cases. There have been few controlled clinical studies of the human health effects of pepper spray marketed for police use, and those studies are contradictory. Some studies have found no harmful effects

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Pepper spray designed to be used against people is considered a prohibited weapon in Canada. The definition under regulation states "any device designed to be used for the purpose of injuring, immobilizing or otherwise incapacitating any person by the discharge therefrom of (a) tear gas, Mace or

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The head of the FBI's Less-Than-Lethal Weapons Program at the time of the 1991 study, Special Agent Thomas W. W. Ward, was fired by the FBI and was sentenced to two months in prison for receiving payments from a pepper-gas manufacturer while conducting and authoring the FBI study that eventually

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as the active ingredient that irritates the eyes to cause burning and pain sensations, as well as temporary blindness. Its inflammatory effects cause the eyes to close, temporarily taking away vision. This temporary blindness allows officers to more easily restrain subjects and permits people in

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In June 2002, West Australian resident Rob Hall was convicted for using a canister of pepper spray to break up an altercation between two guests at his home in Midland. He was sentenced to a good behavior bond and granted a spent conviction order, which he appealed to the Supreme Court. Justice

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Using the OC concentration is unreliable because the concentration of CRC (and potency of these compounds) can vary. Some manufacturers may show a very high percentage of OC, but the resin itself may not be spicy enough. Higher OC content only reliably implies a higher oil content, which may be

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agent. It inflames the mucous membranes in the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. It causes immediate closing of the eyes, difficulty breathing, runny nose, and coughing. The duration of its effects depends on the strength of the spray; the average full effect lasts from 20 to 90 minutes, but eye

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On 14 March 2012, a person dressed entirely in black entered the public gallery of the New South Wales Legislative Council and launched a paper plane into the air in the form of a petition to Police Minister Mike Gallacher calling on the government to allow civilians to carry capsicum spray.

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However, if it contains less than 100 ml (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz), while still a Category 6 Weapon, it is not classed as a punishable offense for the purposes of the Weapons law. Upon control, it will be confiscated and a verbal warning might be

1805:: Allows "reasonable use" of spray containing not more than 18% oleoresin capsicum to protect "a person or property under circumstances that would justify the person's use of physical force". It is illegal to distribute a "self-defense spray" to a person under 18 years of age. 1799:: Any pepper spray containing no more than 2 ounces (57 g) of chemical can be carried in public openly or concealed without a permit. Furthermore, any such pepper spray is classified as "self-defense chemical spray" and therefore not considered a weapon under Florida law. 3651:"Приказ Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития РФ от 22.10.2008 N 583н "О разрешении к применению слезоточивых и раздражающих веществ в составе патронов к газовому оружию, механических распылителей, аэрозольных и других устройств гражданского оружия самообороны"" 1393:

It is classified as a Category D Weapon in French law and if the aerosol contains more than 100 ml (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz), it is classed as an offensive weapon; possession in a public place can be punished by confiscation and a fine.

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Oleoresin capsicum, also known as capsicum oleoresin, is also used in food and medicine. In food, it serves as a concentrated and predictable source of spiciness. The food industry has accordingly changed to prefer a combination of milder and more predictable strains of

3433: 1568:: It is legal for civilians over the age of 16 to buy, own and carry pepper spray but it is illegal to carry it in a way that it is shown to other people in public spaces or disturb people with it in any way. You are allowed to use it as a self-defense tool if needed. 1346:

Possession is illegal for anyone other than police officers, police agents (assistant police officers), security officers of public transport companies, soldiers and customs officers to carry a capsicum spray. It's also authorised after obtaining permission from the

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It is a federal offense to carry/ship pepper spray on a commercial airliner or possess it in the secure area of an airport. State law and local ordinances regarding possession and use vary across the country. Pepper spray up to 4 Oz is permitted in checked baggage.

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Direct close-range spray can cause more serious eye irritation by attacking the cornea with a concentrated stream of liquid (the so-called "hydraulic needle" effect). Some brands have addressed this problem by means of an elliptically cone-shaped spray pattern.

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Certain individuals are still prohibited from possessing pepper spray, including minors under the age of 16, convicted felons, individuals convicted of certain drug offenses, individuals convicted of assault, and individuals convicted of misusing pepper

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Pepper spray is commercially available without a license. Authority to possess and use Oleoresin Capsicum devices remains with Tasmania Police Officers (As part of general-issue operational equipment), and Tasmanian Justice Department (H.M. Prisons)

914:"Research on chemical irritants should be published in open scientific journals before authorization for any usage is permitted and that the safety criteria for such chemicals should be treated as if they were drugs rather than riot control agents;" 2071:"Most" law enforcement grade pepper spray is measured anywhere from 500,000 to 2,000,000 SHU, which gives a median number of 1,250,000. While there are sprays that far exceed this amount, the actual strength of the spray depends on the dilution 992:

Many ambulance services and emergency departments carry saline to remove the spray. Some of the OC and CS will remain in the respiratory system, but a recovery of vision and the coordination of the eyes can be expected within 7 to 15 minutes.

1898:: Classified as a weapon by Federal Act n° 3665/2000 (Regulation for Fiscalization of Controlled Products). Only law enforcement officers and private security agents with a recognized Less Lethal Weapons training certificate can carry it. 973:

is not soluble in water, and even large volumes of water will not wash it off, only dilute it. In general, victims are encouraged to blink vigorously in order to encourage tears, which will help flush the irritant from the eyes.

1963:: The possession of pepper spray by individuals for self-defense subject to a "reasonable excuse" test has been legal in Western Australia following the landmark Supreme Court decision in Hall v Collins WASCA 74 (4 April 2003). 2362:

Govindarajan, Sathyanarayana (1991). "Capsicum — Production, Technology, Chemistry, and Quality. Part V. Impact on Physiology, Pharmacology, Nutrition, and Metabolism; Structure, Pungency, Pain, and Desensitization Sequences".

1705:: Called legally "Tearing and irritating aerosols (gas canisters)", sprays are not considered a weapon and can be carried by anyone over 18 without further registration or permission. It is classified as a self-defense device. 6718: 839:

Gel compound: has greater accuracy and a reduced risk of blowback and area cross-contamination as the carrying gel does not disperse over a large area. The gel compound also adheres to the target making it more difficult to

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In addition there are certain labeling and packaging requirements, it must not be sold to anyone under 18 and the phone number of the manufacturer has to be on the label. The units must also be sold in sealed tamper-proof

3779:Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України від 07 вересня 1993 року № 706 «Про порядок продажу, придбання, реєстрації, обліку і застосування спеціальних засобів самооборони, заряджених речовинами сльозоточивої та дратівної дії» 989:, milk, or water) concluded that: "...there was no significant difference in pain relief provided by five different treatment regimens. Time after exposure appeared to be the best predictor for a decrease in pain...". 4073: 2704:

Reay DT. Forensic pathology, part 1: death in custody. Clinics in Lab Med 1998;18:19–20; Watson WA, Stremel KR, and Westdorp EJ. Oleoresin capsicum (cap-stun) toxicity from aerosol exposures. Ann Pharmacotherapy

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law makes it legal for an individual to possess a small, commercially sold container of pepper spray for personal self-defense. However, Texas law otherwise makes it illegal to carry a "Chemical dispensing

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rating of these sprays are 500,000 (sabre MK9 HVS unit) and 2,000,000 (Sabre, cell buster fog delivery). This was as a result of excessive staff assaults and a two-year trial in ten prisons throughout the

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Kamran Loghman, the person who developed it for use in riot control, wrote the guide for police departments on how it should be used. It was successfully adopted, except for improper usages such as when

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Pepper spray can be legally purchased and carried in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Some states regulate the maximum allowed strength of the pepper spray, age restriction, content and use.

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of 10 June 2006 tot regeling van het model, de inhoud, de wijze van dragen en het gebruik van spuitbussen en handboeien door de leden van de veiligheidsdiensten van de openbare vervoersmaatschappijen (

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Containing a payload not exceeding 20 ml (0.70 imp fl oz; 0.68 US fl oz), with a percentage of Oleoresin Capsicum not exceeding 10% and a maximum concentration of

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danger to use pepper spray in self-defense for an opportunity to escape. It also causes temporary discomfort and burning of the lungs which causes shortness of breath. Pepper spray is used as a

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police units and security guards use tear gas ejectors with OC, CS or CN gases. These are defined as a "restricted" weapon that only police officers, as well as approved security, can use.

1337:: Pepper spray is classified as a self-defense device, they may be owned and carried by adults without registration or permission. Justified use against humans as self-defense is allowed. 6704: 2560: 3568: 1937:

This legislation makes it an offense for someone without a permit, normally anyone who is not an officer of Police/Correctional Services/Customs/Defence, to carry a prohibited weapon.

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Cone pattern dispersion - wide pattern, don't have to aim precisely. It can be blown back by wind and if used inside a building, will eventually make room temporarily uninhabitable.

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Determining the strength of pepper sprays made by different manufacturers can be confusing and difficult. Statements a company makes about their product strength are not regulated.

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in the form of oleoresin capsicum (OC). Extraction of OC from peppers requires capsicum to be finely ground, from which capsaicin is then extracted using an organic solvent such as

4574: 3131: 2807:"A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Treatment Regimens for Acute Pain for Topical Oleoresin Capsaicin (Pepper Spray) Exposure in Adult Volunteers - Prehospital Emergency Care" 2282: 5054: 3680: 1715:: "A person commits an offence if he has in his possession any weapon of whatever description designed or adapted for the discharge of any noxious liquid, gas or other thing." 272: 894:

The European Parliament Scientific and Technological Options Assessment (STOA) published in 1998 "An Appraisal of Technologies of Political Control" The STOA appraisal states:

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OC pepper spray, recently adopted for some civilian use (e.g., one of 22 grams , with no registration DGSP-07-22-SDP, is approved by the Ministry of Health and Consumption).

4443: 3316:[Prevention of assault] (in Czech). Policie České republiky – KŘP Královéhradeckého kraje (Police of the Czech Republic - Hradec Kralove region KRP). Archived from 2521:"Effects of Oleoresin Capsicum Pepper Spray on Human Corneal Morphology and Sensitivity - Vesaluoma et al. 41 (8): 2138 - Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science" 1032:

or similar platform. It has been used for years against demonstrators and aggressive animals like bears. There are also many types such as foam, gel, foggers, and spray.

695:. Loghman commented, "I have never seen such an inappropriate and improper use of chemical agents", prompting court rulings completely barring its use on docile persons. 1735:

other gas, or (b) any liquid, spray, powder or other substance that is capable of injuring, immobilizing or otherwise incapacitating any person" is a prohibited weapon.

572: 3978: 1611:: Civilians who do not have criminal records are allowed to get police permits to purchase from gun shops, carry, and use OC sprays with a maximum concentration of 5%. 1742:

may legally carry or possess pepper spray labeled for use on persons. Any similar canister with the labels reading "dog spray" or "bear spray" is regulated under the

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Carrying at public demonstrations and into court buildings is illegal (pepper spray as well as other weapons may be left with armed guard upon entry of a courthouse).

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Front-line police officers have routinely carried pepper spray since 1997. New Zealand Prison Service made OC spray available for use in approved situations in 2013.

2203: 2167: 3701: 1928:: Possession of pepper spray by unauthorized persons is illegal, under schedule 1 of the Weapons Prohibition Act 1998, being classified as a "prohibited weapon". 4538: 2313: 1763: 4047: 2024:

Christine Wheeler ruled in his favor, thereby legalizing pepper spray in the state on a case-by-case basis for those who are able to show a reasonable excuse.

4169: 3106: 1617:: Pepper spray is banned at sporting and cultural events, public transportation and entertainment locations (according to Penal Code 2012, art 372, (1), c). 4468: 4601: 4211: 3537: 4337: 1828:

It must be purchased in person (i.e., cannot be purchased by mail-order or internet sale) either at a pharmacy or from a licensed firearm retailer (

4010: 3881: 3730: 1643:: Pepper spray is legal under the new law as of 2016 and can be carried by anyone over the age of 16. Use against humans in self-defence is legal. 920:

For those taking drugs, or those subjected to restraining techniques that restrict the breathing passages, there is a risk of death. In 1995, the

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Sabre Red=10% OC @ 2,000,000 Scoville Heat Units. Thus, 90% of the formulation dilutes the 2,000,000 SHUs creating a Scoville Content of 200,000.

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Vesaluoma, Minna; Müller, Linda; Gallar, Juana; Lambiase, Alessandro; Moilanen, Jukka; Hack, Tapani; Belmonte, Carlos; Tervo, Timo (July 2000).

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published a study that concluded that single exposure of the eye to OC is harmless, but repeated exposure can result in long-lasting changes in

26: 3465: 1815:: Non-felons over the age of 18 can possess a small amount of pepper spray, with no more than three-quarters of an ounce of chemical substance. 3163: 2553: 2145: 7733: 7699: 1382:

Licenses are issued for defensive purposes and to individuals working jobs where such a device is needed such as the private security sector.

565: 3830: 2842: 6727: 4289: 2468: 3488: 2228: 3141: 8470: 7586: 7326: 5813: 3756: 2272: 809: 3676: 2763: 2489: 2450: 1674:: Requires weapons licence, essentially always illegal to carry in public or private. Issued as supplementary service weapon to police. 1550:: Classified as D category weapon, but can be bought and carried by anyone over 18 years of age (without registration nor permission). 1241:: There are no laws against possession or use, but using it could result in imprisonment, depending on the damage caused to the target. 5429: 3603: 2597:"Pepper Spray Update: More Fatalities, More Questions | United States Environmental Protection Agency | American Government" 1356: 1348: 3505: 5444: 5434: 4504: 1105: 4384: 4236: 2777: 1176:: Forbidden for civilians, it is used only by law enforcement agencies. Underground trade leads to some civilian self-defense use. 8425: 7561: 7296: 3398: 3313: 5272: 4715: 4439: 4148: 4123: 558: 4098: 8548: 7861: 6680: 4903: 4358: 1689:(RSG-2000) and is introduced during watch functions. The military bearer permit is granted after passing the half-day training. 1577:

Only police officers trained in the specific use of pepper spray are allowed to carry and use it against civilians and animals.

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Containing no flammable, corrosive, toxic or carcinogenic substances, and no other aggressive chemical compound than OC itself;

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units may not have an effective range of over 20 feet (6.1 m) and must have an effective range of six feet (1.8 m).

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could possess, carry and purchase any OC-based compounds and personal defence devices that respond to the following criteria:

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Police, like this Swedish police officer in riot gear at a 2007 demonstration, may use pepper spray to control civilians.

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Most law enforcement sprays have a pungency of 500,000 to 2 million SHU. One brand has sprays with 5.3 million SHU.

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Police officers are exempt from this law and permitted to carry pepper spray as part of their standard equipment.

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Requires a permit to distribute, own, carry pepper sprays containing pre-compressed gas or explosive propellent.

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may be owned and carried by all citizens regardless of age. Such sprays are not legally considered as weapons

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OC used for food is generally rated between 80 000 and 500 000 SHU, roughly equivalent to 0.6-3.9% capsaicin.

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Police officers and customs officers carry it. Coast guardsmen as well as prison officers have access to it.

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The use of pepper spray to prevent a public official from performing his/her official duties is a class-E

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Members of the riot police use larger pepper-spray canisters than what is used by a normal police officer.

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designates "an article designed or adapted to discharge oleoresin capsicum spray" as a prohibited weapon.

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In the 1980s, a firearms license was required for doing so, but these sprays have since been deregulated.

433: 8583: 8105: 7904: 7189: 6923: 6297: 5824: 5625: 5533: 4030: 4002: 3296: 1390:: It is legal for anyone over the age of 18 to buy pepper spray in an armory or military surplus store. 391: 3726: 8132: 3077: 3048: 2716: 8485: 8306: 8248: 8177: 8085: 8038: 7473: 7336: 7274: 7254: 7128: 6816: 6624: 6452: 6372: 6146: 6033: 5960: 5915: 5880: 5860: 5409: 4908: 4778: 4772: 4710: 4619: 2334: 1979:: in Queensland, pepper spray is considered an offensive weapon and can not be used for self-defence. 1966: 1630: 1499: 1450:: Such items are illegal. They will be confiscated and possession may result in detention and arrest. 1197:, it is a crime to possess and can result in a fine of $ 100,000 and imprisonment for up to 14 years. 1001: 445: 106: 101: 3851: 3582: 3457: 2876: 2352:

National Institute of Justice. Oleoresin Capsaicum: Pepper Spray as a Force Alternative. March 1994.

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Persons over age 14 may carry personal-protection spray devices with their legal guardian's consent.

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Police also encourage vulnerable groups like pensioners, children, and women to carry pepper spray.

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reported at least 61 deaths associated with police use of pepper spray since 1990 in the USA. The

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There are several counterparts of pepper spray developed and legal to possess in some countries.

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oil is less able to soak and penetrate skin. Solutions of more than 5% OC may not spray properly.

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CS sprays bearing a test mark of the MPA may be owned and carried by anyone over the age of 14.

1259:: Possession and use for self-defense is legal and its available at physical and online stores. 1146:: Assistant Police Commissioner stated that pepper sprays are illegal for civilians to possess. 740:) base for a more penetrating product, but a risk of fire is present if combined with a taser. 8475: 8465: 7988: 7576: 7499: 7490: 7321: 7090: 7045: 7035: 6980: 6933: 6733: 6503: 6362: 6282: 5930: 5890: 5850: 5704: 5523: 5518: 5464: 5459: 5439: 5393: 4653: 4500: 3509: 3367: 2826: 2638: 2380: 1960: 1767: 1712: 1597: 1049: 922: 788: 737: 721:. The solvent is then evaporated, and the remaining waxlike resin is the oleoresin capsaicin. 641: 525: 66: 8490: 3752: 3272: 8400: 8166: 8004: 7468: 7413: 7074: 6758: 6640: 6467: 6347: 5910: 5885: 5875: 5553: 5419: 5363: 5118: 5100: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5049: 5044: 5039: 4991: 4980: 4840: 4680: 4659: 4648: 4614: 3338: 2818: 2497: 2442: 2372: 2042: 2004:

are permitted to carry OC spray under a special agreement due to the nature of their duties.

1818: 1457: 1017: 852: 729: 287: 282: 277: 267: 262: 257: 226: 128: 71: 7707: 7679: 4490:

What is the safety of "pepper spray" use by law enforcement or mental health service staff?

3597: 1210:

They are sold via government-approved companies after performing a background verification.

8520: 8440: 8243: 8236: 7638: 7631: 7571: 7483: 7351: 7346: 7306: 6853: 6763: 6523: 6302: 6018: 5771: 5694: 5674: 5596: 4690: 4670: 4496: 4070:"Mass. Senate Backs Purchase of Pepper Spray Without ID - Massachusetts news - Boston.com" 3492: 3440: 3421: 3402: 2001: 1954: 1925: 1821:: Can be legally possessed by any person age 18 or over. Restricted to no more than 0.67% 1509: 1005: 362: 45: 3777: 1016:

Pepper spray typically comes in canisters, which are often small enough to be carried or

4232: 3626:"Статья 3 Закон об Оружии. Гражданское оружие - Кодексы и Законы РФ + Судебная практика" 2788: 2350: 1423:

Sprays that are not labelled "animal-defence spray" or do not bear the test mark of the

1045:

and OC for flavoring. In medicine, OC is used in a number of products for external use.

8267: 8182: 7952: 7874: 7581: 7113: 7020: 6990: 6883: 6791: 6442: 6382: 6307: 6246: 5980: 5920: 5669: 5110: 4881: 4806: 4720: 4095:"Florida Statues 790.01 Unlicensed carrying of concealed weapons or concealed firearms" 3395: 3317: 2615: 2008: 1708: 1681: 1463:

Civilians may carry canisters filled with maximum 20 grams (0.71 oz) of any other

776: 759: 672: 606: 405: 298: 154: 4144: 4119: 3602:(in Polish). Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2004-03-18. pp. art. 11. 1588:

Police officers are allowed to carry pepper spray as part of their standard equipment.

1542:

Pepper spray handguns can be bought and carried without any license by anyone over 18.

1294:

Pepper sprays without any pre-compressed gas or explosive propellent are unrestricted.

1253:: Possession and use for self-defense are legal, and it is freely available in stores. 8562: 8500: 8480: 8075: 7790: 7621: 7601: 7331: 7219: 7030: 6903: 6820: 6646: 6593: 6588: 6518: 6462: 6327: 6312: 6266: 6091: 6054: 6023: 5870: 5719: 5602: 5528: 5454: 4825: 4750: 4675: 4261: 4094: 1790: 1265:: Possession and use for self-defense is legal, and it is freely available in stores. 1029: 888: 661: 510: 89: 4362: 3248: 2838: 1934:: Prescribed by regulation to be a prohibited weapon under the Weapons Control Act. 1663:: Approved pepper spray made with 5% CS is available to anyone older than 18 years. 1020:

in a pocket or purse. Pepper spray can also be purchased concealed in items such as

8380: 8196: 8156: 8089: 8079: 8070: 8065: 8008: 7966: 7556: 7341: 7250: 7163: 6975: 6970: 6873: 6598: 6548: 6332: 6322: 6277: 6241: 6236: 5994: 5905: 5807: 5751: 5714: 5663: 5642: 5591: 5558: 5487: 5449: 5388: 5353: 5251: 4873: 4853: 4725: 4624: 4312:"The one place in Australia where it's legal to have pepper spray for self-defence" 3536:. Ministero dell'Interno (Italian Ministry of Interior). 2012-06-01. Archived from 2309: 2116: 2047: 2037: 1922:: Pepper spray is a "prohibited weapon", making it an offence to possess or use it. 1829: 1316:

It is an offense to use pepper spray on anyone for reasons other than self-defense.

1274:

It is an offense to use pepper spray on anyone for reasons other than self-defense.

1268: 1149: 1131: 1123: 986: 872: 714: 680: 665: 657: 500: 490: 418: 375: 140: 30: 3486:

175/2003. (X. 28.) Korm. rendelet a közbiztonságra különösen veszélyes eszközökről

3019: 2559:. European Parliament, Directorate General for Research. June 2000. p. v-vi. 1957:: in South Australia, possession of pepper spray without lawful excuse is illegal. 1623:: It is classified as a self-defense weapon and can be carried by anyone over 18. 1525:

Being sealed when sold and featuring a safety device against accidental discharge;

1413: 1052:

is a different extract, containing very little heat and mostly used for coloring.

732:

is used to suspend OC in water, and the suspension is then pressurized to make an

19:

This article is about the chemical compound. For devices used to dispense it, see

3702:"Každá žena sa môže stať obeťou trestného činu, buďte preto opatrné a pripravené" 2554:"CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES (An appraisal of technologies for political control)" 2520: 1456:: Such items are reserved for law enforcement (including civilian members of the 1182:: Forbidden for civilians, it is legal to possess and use only by the members of 8420: 8348: 8332: 8200: 8172: 8055: 7999: 7942: 7928: 7616: 7611: 7551: 7280: 7265: 7260: 7214: 7153: 7080: 7060: 7039: 7000: 6863: 6828: 6608: 6583: 6538: 6401: 6367: 6231: 6226: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6151: 6070: 6059: 6049: 5761: 5492: 5383: 5378: 5312: 5021: 5011: 4996: 4968: 4950: 4931: 4922: 4814: 4635: 1685:

such weapons. In 2009, the Swiss Army introduced for the military personnel the

1677: 1571: 1285: 1262: 1065: 1021: 753: 206: 177: 117: 59: 3882:"Vancouver police warn of criminal charges for carrying bear spray in the city" 1560:

Police also encourages vulnerable groups like pensioners or women to carry one.

8410: 8301: 8216: 8206: 8162: 8146: 8142: 8033: 7899: 7767: 7648: 7494: 7422: 7418: 7311: 7270: 7095: 7085: 7070: 6938: 6848: 6558: 6553: 6533: 6528: 6513: 6508: 6421: 6416: 6392: 6216: 6201: 6196: 6141: 6136: 5818: 5699: 5658: 5652: 5636: 5619: 5613: 5580: 5572: 5513: 5307: 5079: 4985: 4974: 4796: 4790: 3801: 3195: 3078:"Self-defense gadgets popular after hotel assault - China - Chinadaily.com.cn" 2822: 2376: 2052: 1976: 1812: 1778: 1565: 1471: 1189:

Such devices are classified as "arms" under the "Laws of Hong Kong". Chap 238

1162: 784: 780: 725: 684: 485: 386: 221: 216: 4489: 3414: 3371: 2745: 1904:: Can be sold without any kind of restriction to anyone older than 14 years. 1502:(national police) is an offence under the Firearms and Offensive Weapons Act. 693:

police sprayed peaceful protestors at University of California, Davis in 2011

8525: 8510: 8505: 8455: 8450: 8095: 8014: 7972: 7962: 7199: 7064: 6653: 6603: 6578: 6568: 6493: 6221: 6211: 6206: 6126: 6106: 6080: 6065: 6003: 5950: 5709: 5647: 5630: 5608: 5585: 5322: 5163: 4956: 4820: 4759: 4685: 3920: 3569:"Tamsus paros metas ilgėja: Pasakė geriausią priemonę apsiginti nuo plėšikų" 3168: 1870: 1822: 1547: 1516: 1279: 1215: 1179: 982: 970: 704: 644: 476: 2830: 2642: 1130:

or less-than-lethal. Depending on the location, it may be legal to use for

4562: 2384: 8460: 8445: 8414: 8404: 8394: 8384: 8365: 8353: 8322: 8317: 8281: 8192: 8045: 7984: 7956: 7946: 7924: 7606: 7591: 7515: 7453: 7438: 7398: 7204: 7179: 7132: 7123: 7050: 7016: 6960: 6955: 6917: 6913: 6887: 6877: 6867: 6857: 6843: 6801: 6696: 6662: 6563: 6472: 6437: 6342: 6256: 6166: 6116: 5999: 5988: 5965: 5955: 5935: 5830: 5797: 5791: 5781: 5181: 5153: 5148: 5143: 4784: 4643: 1942: 1901: 1853: 1802: 1646: 1608: 1603:

They can be carried by anyone without further registration or permission.

1600:"a hand-held disabling gas thrower", sprays are not considered a weapon. 1299: 1256: 1250: 1244: 1042: 709: 637: 413: 380: 370: 344: 339: 334: 164: 159: 111: 3625: 2952: 1434:(MPA, material testing institute) are classified as prohibited weapons. 1305:

Possession in a public place can be punished by confiscation and a fine.

1168:

Bengal Police started using pepper spray to control opposition movement.

8495: 8360: 8326: 8295: 8259: 8117: 8099: 8019: 7976: 7916: 7884: 7750: 7694: 7595: 7546: 7519: 7511: 7458: 7392: 7365: 7208: 7184: 7105: 7054: 6943: 6806: 6411: 6406: 6121: 6111: 6101: 6096: 5786: 5414: 5332: 5317: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5176: 5084: 5074: 5034: 5029: 5006: 5001: 4735: 1796: 1702: 1614: 1481: 1453: 1405: 1376: 1370: 1340: 1334: 1321: 1302:: Use for self-defense is legal, and it is freely available in stores. 1143: 1090: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 801:, though its effectiveness compared to natural pepper spray is unclear. 733: 718: 471: 251: 246: 7804: 7662: 7233: 4465:"Arms (Restricted Weapons and Specially Dangerous Airguns) Order 1984" 8287: 8263: 8221: 8121: 8049: 7888: 7870: 7728: 7689: 7684: 7462: 7448: 7193: 7109: 7004: 6995: 6985: 6964: 6927: 6898: 6893: 6832: 6824: 6810: 6787: 6629: 6292: 6287: 6075: 5221: 5211: 5206: 5201: 4863: 4665: 3219: 3020:"Nigeria: Possession of Pepper Spray an Offence Says Nigerian Police" 2250:"276 F3d 1125 Headwaters Forest Defense and Molly Burton v. The Coun" 1895: 1836: 1671: 1640: 1620: 1593: 1582: 1533: 1447: 1387: 1310: 1227: 1218:: It is legal, but there are restrictions on its sale and possession. 997: 978: 884: 798: 676: 653: 530: 520: 76: 6741: 3555:"IX-705 Lietuvos Respublikos ginklų ir šaudmenų kontrolės įstatymas" 597: 4575:

Are guns more effective than pepper spray in an Alaska bear attack?

3506:"The Department of Justice and Equality: Firearms & Ammunition" 2764:"New Study: More Evidence Against the Myth of "Restraint Asphyxia"" 1907:

Use has not been inducted on the law enforcement officer's arsenal.

8291: 8027: 8023: 7980: 7894: 7663: 7530: 7507: 7147: 7024: 6907: 6838: 6573: 6488: 6447: 5734: 5138: 5133: 5123: 4962: 4945: 4898: 3650: 1846: 1692: 1660: 1505: 1238: 1204: 1173: 1127: 860: 859: 851: 671:

Pepper spray was engineered originally for defense against bears,

329: 324: 314: 309: 211: 201: 1271:: Use and possession of pepper spray for self-defense are legal. 1247:: Use and possession of pepper spray for self-defense are legal. 1008:), though it is not for use on a person, only for area clean up. 8226: 8060: 7805: 7751: 7712: 7403: 7366: 7234: 5744: 5739: 4170:"Michigan Penal Code 750.224d Self-defense spray or foam device" 3049:"Everything you Need to Know about Pepper Spray in South Africa" 1221: 6700: 4583: 4204:"§ 18.2-312. Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases" 3107:"HK Laws. Chap 238 Firearms and Ammunition Ordinance Section 2" 2629:

Smith CG, Stopford W (1999). "Health hazards of pepper spray".

1862:: Persons over 18 may carry personal-protection spray devices. 1152:: Pepper sprays are legal to own by civilians for self defense. 797:(MPK) is widely used as a self-defense chemical agent spray in 6131: 5684: 4193:

Texas Penal Code 46.05(a)(1)(4) and Texas Penal Code 46.01(14)

3947:"Mace, Pepper Spray, Self-Defense Sprays and Stun Guns | mpdc" 2273:"Pepper Spray's Fallout, From Crowd Control to Mocking Images" 1484:: Possession of pepper spray is illegal for private citizens. 1059: 2805:

Barry, J. D.; Hennessy, R.; McManus, J. G. Jr. (2008-09-04).

1574:: It is illegal for civilians to own and carry pepper spray. 5217:

Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)

3907:"Pepper Spray | Transportation Security Administration" 1539:

It can be bought and carried by anyone over 16 years of age.

1118:

Pepper spray is banned for use in war by Article I.5 of the

996:

Some "triple-action" pepper sprays also contain "tear gas" (

977:

A study of five often-recommended treatments for skin pain (

8111: 5298:

2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate

2674:"Ex-FBI Agent Pleads Guilty in Conflict-of-Interest Case", 1832:

265.20 14) and the seller must keep a record of purchases.

4258:"Sale and Distribution of OC Products to Private Citizens" 3997: 3995: 2336:

Sabre Red. FAQs: What is oleoresin capsaicum? August 2020.

2260:(276): 1125. November 11, 2002 – via openjurist.org. 2146:"How Hot is That Pepper? How Scientists Measure Spiciness" 2778:"Oleoresin Capsicum: Pepper Spray as a Force Alternative" 1313:: Legal for self-defense, it is available in some shops. 1224:: Forbidden for civilians, it is used only by the police. 881:

Journal of Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

707:, which is derived from the fruit of plants in the genus 2995:. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. 1437:

Justified use against humans as self-defense is allowed.

679:

and other dangerous predators, and is often referred to

1711:: Pepper spray is illegal under Section 5(1)(b) of the 1536:: Pepper spray is classified as a self-defense device. 1528:

Featuring a range not exceeding 3 m (9.8 ft).

736:

pepper spray. Other sprays may use an alcohol (such as

4407: 4405: 3677:"Гасни спреј и електрошокер дозвољени по новом закону" 2928:"Here's Why Jalapeño Peppers Are Less Spicy Than Ever" 2877:"Tear Gas Cleanup Procedures | Cleanfax magazine" 1324:: Forbidden for civilians and used only by the police. 3220:"Arms and Explosives Act - Singapore Statutes Online" 1992:

A permit is required to obtain or carry pepper spray.

1343:: Pepper spray is classified as a prohibited weapon. 6728: 4411:

Anne Calverley, "Judge clears use of pepper spray",

2254:

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

1633:, and (rarely) CN are also legal and highly popular. 876:

irritation and redness can last for up to 24 hours.

791:

weapon, it is not generally permitted to the public.

8341: 7814: 7803: 7783: 7760: 7749: 7721: 7672: 7661: 7539: 7375: 7364: 7289: 7243: 7232: 7172: 6751: 6740: 6617: 6481: 6430: 6391: 6255: 6032: 5979: 5770: 5571: 5346: 5260: 5162: 5109: 5093: 5020: 4930: 4921: 4891: 4872: 4839: 4805: 4758: 4749: 4634: 605: 592: 587: 4120:"Florida Statues 790.053 Open carrying of weapons" 3162:Geeta Padmanabhan; Aarti Dhar (October 19, 2008). 4233:"RCW 9.91.160: Personal protection spray devices" 3360:"How your gun permit applications are considered" 2306:"10 Inventors Who Came to Regret Their Creations" 2174:. SABRE - Security Equipment Corp. Archived from 1379:: Possession of pepper spray requires a license. 2525:Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 1498:: Possession of this spray by persons other the 1519:and capsaicinoid substances not exceeding 2,5%; 887:sensitivity. They found no lasting decrease in 4003:"Pepper Spray (Mace/Tear Gas) - Consumer Wiki" 3971:"States With Pepper Spray Restrictions | eBay" 2659:"Former F.B.I. Agent Is Sentenced to Prison", 2365:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 6712: 4595: 2417:"Pepper Gel vs Spray? Which Is Best For You?" 2148:. Smithsonian.com, US Smithsonian Institution 1649:: It is classified as a self-defense weapon. 1629:OC is not the only legal agent used. CS, CR, 1508:: Any citizen over 16 years of age without a 1416:. Carrying it at (or on the way to and from) 668:, including defense against dogs and bears. 566: 8: 2117:"What is pepper spray, and is it dangerous?" 1762:When pepper spray is used in the workplace, 1470:However, there is no restriction for pepper 867:training after being exposed to pepper spray 4334:"Weapons Prohibition Act 1998 - Schedule 1" 2200:"Bear Spray Vs. Dogs: How Effective Is It?" 1373:: Pepper spray is generally illegal to own. 7811: 7757: 7669: 7372: 7240: 6748: 6719: 6705: 6697: 4927: 4755: 4602: 4588: 4580: 2715:Heiskell, Lawrence E. (9 September 2019). 2271:Seelye, Katharine Q. (November 22, 2011). 2168:"Red Pepper Spray Ingredients and Formula" 1410:for the purpose of defense against animals 573: 559: 452: 182: 36: 3782:(in Ukrainian). КАБІНЕТ МІНІСТРІВ УКРАЇНИ 1288:: Pepper sprays containing OC are legal. 1106:Learn how and when to remove this message 933:The US Army performed studies in 1993 at 703:The active ingredient in pepper spray is 2346: 2344: 2342: 2125:. reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D 25: 4541:from the original on September 24, 2015 4286:"Wisconsin State Legal Statutes 941.26" 3339:"Peberspray | Våben | Politi" 2895:"Pepper Spray: Types of Spray Patterns" 2083: 2064: 499: 444: 296: 235: 185: 51: 44: 5483:Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro) 5477:Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro) 4531:"Flight of the MacQuarie Street Ninja" 4499:, NZHTA Tech Brief Series 2002; 1(2). 2144:Twilight Greenaway (10 January 2013). 1553:Issued as auxiliary service device to 948:Pepper spray has been associated with 584: 6899:CS gas (2-chlorobenzal malononitrile) 5725:Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) 4145:"Florida Statues 790.001 Definitions" 3927:from the original on 18 December 2012 3727:"Behöver man licens för pepparspray?" 2285:from the original on October 21, 2019 2092:"Chemical hazards in law enforcement" 1770:(SDS) be available to all employees. 1028:available, which can be fired from a 7: 3606:from the original on 28 January 2011 2717:"How To Prevent Positional Asphyxia" 1359:: Possession and carrying is legal. 1088:adding citations to reliable sources 8471:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid 7587:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid 7327:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid 5814:Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine 4529:Tovey, Josephine (March 15, 2012). 4426:Control of Weapons Regulations 2011 3253:Geisler Defence - Pepper Gun GD-105 2999:from the original on 1 January 2012 2762:Remsberg, Chuck (January 8, 2019). 2316:from the original on April 28, 2020 2094:. The Police Policy Studies Council 1971:Control of Weapons Regulations 2011 1193:. Without a valid license from the 787:) is used by police officers. As a 5430:Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride 4044:"M.G.L - Chapter 140, Section 131" 3753:"Knivar och andra farliga föremål" 3109:. Legislation.gov.hk. 2000-05-26. 2735:"Positional Asphyxia—Sudden Death" 2613:"Pepper spray's lethal legacy" in 2304:Hemphill, Kenny (August 4, 2015). 1652:It is available to anyone over 18. 640:(tear gas) product containing the 14: 5445:Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride 5435:Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide 2689:"Pepper spray study is tainted", 1191:Firearms and Ammunition Ordinance 1000:), which can be neutralized with 5273:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate 4716:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin 4561: 4467:. Parliamentary Counsel Office. 4310:Collett, Michael (8 July 2018). 3172:. Chennai, India. Archived from 2453:from the original on 2013-09-06. 2115:Jamie Smith (October 15, 2020). 1989:Classed as a restricted weapon. 1064: 828:Fog pattern dispersion (fogger) 596: 6681:List of chemical warfare agents 4904:Dibutylchloromethyltin chloride 4471:from the original on 2014-10-17 4446:from the original on 2018-04-01 4391:from the original on 2013-04-30 4340:from the original on 2017-04-10 4292:from the original on 2012-03-22 4239:from the original on 2009-08-22 4214:from the original on 2018-06-29 4176:from the original on 2012-01-17 4151:from the original on 2018-02-14 4126:from the original on 2018-02-14 4101:from the original on 2018-02-14 4076:from the original on 2014-05-24 4050:from the original on 2011-08-10 4013:from the original on 2017-11-14 3981:from the original on 2018-02-14 3888:from the original on 2020-02-23 3862:from the original on 2015-08-03 3833:from the original on 2012-12-04 3808:from the original on 2014-10-18 3759:from the original on 2015-12-08 3733:from the original on 2018-07-27 3708:from the original on 2017-08-26 3683:from the original on 2015-07-30 3657:from the original on 2012-10-20 3632:from the original on 2012-11-29 3468:from the original on 2017-11-17 3279:from the original on 2012-12-24 3273:"Nieuwe wapenwet (New Gun Law)" 3230:from the original on 2019-05-09 3113:from the original on 2013-09-28 3088:from the original on 2019-10-26 3059:from the original on 2017-08-27 3030:from the original on 2019-01-04 2845:from the original on 2020-04-18 2566:from the original on 2012-01-06 2535:from the original on 2013-06-15 2471:from the original on 2011-12-17 2231:from the original on 2015-06-23 2206:from the original on 2012-11-15 1873:: Tear gas is not permissible. 1585:: It is illegal for civilians. 1075:needs additional citations for 547:List of chemical warfare agents 3341:(in Danish). The Danish Police 2926:Reinhart, Brian (8 May 2023). 2817:(4). Informaworld.com: 432–7. 928:American Civil Liberties Union 1: 8545:Receptor/signaling modulators 6894:CR gas (dibenzoxazepine; DBO) 3200:Khawla – Your Power To Resist 2785:National Institute of Justice 2742:National Institute of Justice 1655:The police recommend its use. 1626:Use against humans is legal. 33:being subject to pepper spray 5757:Trimethylolpropane phosphite 5303:Neopentylene fluorophosphate 4440:"Dealing with confrontation" 3018:Agbo, Njideka (2018-04-18). 2787:. March 1994. Archived from 2680:. February 13, 1996, p. A12. 1920:Australian Capital Territory 1349:Minister of Internal Affairs 1122:, which bans the use of all 8173:Paracetamol (acetaminophen) 7081:Paracetamol (acetaminophen) 6951:Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid 6779:15-Deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J2 5539:3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol 5399:N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol 5268:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate 3852:"Pest Control Products Act" 2744:. June 1995. Archived from 2202:. Tbotech.com. 2009-07-04. 1120:Chemical Weapons Convention 810:Ministry of Public Security 8600: 6378:Hexamethylene diisocyanate 5846:Phenylcarbylamine chloride 5172:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride 3923:. US Department of Labor. 2811:Prehospital Emergency Care 2619:. October 22, 1998, p. A1. 2531:(8). Iovs.org: 2138–2147. 2490:"Top 10 Deadliest Weapons" 2443:"Top 10 Deadliest Weapons" 1126:agents in warfare whether 856:Pepper spray demonstration 795:Pelargonic acid morpholide 464:Dimethylheptylpyran (DMHP) 18: 8538: 6676: 6636:Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate 5841:Perchloromethyl mercaptan 5252:4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10) 4535:The Sydney Morning Herald 4383:Police, South Australia. 3599:Ustawa o broni i aminucji 2866:, July/August 1995 Issue. 2823:10.1080/10903120802290786 2467:. Redhotpepperspray.com. 2465:"Effects Of Pepper Spray" 2377:10.1080/10408399109527536 1999:New Zealand Defence Force 1744:Pest Control Products Act 831:Stream pattern dispersion 781:desmethyldihydrocapsaicin 107:Phenyldichloroarsine (PD) 102:Methyldichloroarsine (MD) 7158:Umbellularia californica 6353:Chloroacetophenone oxime 6338:Bromomethyl ethyl ketone 5946:Trifluoroacetyl chloride 5856:Tetrachlorodinitroethane 5503:Phosphorus pentachloride 5328:Methanesulfonyl fluoride 4519:WASCA 74 (4 April 2003). 4046:. Mass.gov. 2008-10-29. 3675:Вукосављевић, Данијела. 2913:pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 2864:Police Marksman Magazine 1766:requires a pepper spray 1740:law enforcement officers 1408:: Pepper sprays labeled 1026:pepper spray projectiles 622:oleoresin capsicum spray 97:Ethyldichloroarsine (ED) 8128:N-Arachidonoyl dopamine 7910:Andrographis paniculata 6632:(variants and mixtures) 5901:Trichloronitrosomethane 5896:Trifluoronitrosomethane 5471:Methyldichlorophosphine 4007:consumerwiki.dca.ca.gov 3856:laws-lois.justice.gc.ca 3434:Ministerium des Inneren 3164:"Safety is a right too" 2692:San Francisco Chronicle 1425:Materialprüfungsanstalt 1420:may still be punished. 950:positional asphyxiation 935:Aberdeen Proving Ground 434:Diphenylamincyanoarsine 21:Pepper-spray projectile 8549:Ion channel modulators 8278:Tetrahydrocannabivarin 7773:Tripterygium wilfordii 7139:Tetrahydrocannabiorcol 6431:Cornea-clouding agents 5926:Phosphorus trichloride 5508:Phosphorus trichloride 5242:Miotine (AR-28/T-1843) 4696:Phosphorus trifluoride 4488:Broadstock, M. (2002) 4385:"Firearms and weapons" 4172:. Legislature.mi.gov. 3921:"Hazard Communication" 3132:"A spicy self-defense" 2695:. May 20, 1996, p. B8. 2665:. May 20, 1996, p. B8. 2421:wolfpersonalsafety.com 2019:Civilian use advocates 1698: 1687:irritant atomizer 2000 1596:: Called precisely in 1195:Hong Kong Police Force 868: 857: 67:Cyanogen chloride (CK) 34: 8106:Lysophosphatidic acid 5825:Disulfur decafluoride 5626:Chlorophenylsilatrane 5534:2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 4570:at Wikimedia Commons 4442:. Queensland Police. 4359:"Weapons Control Act" 4031:California Penal Code 3196:"Pepper Spray - 60ML" 3082:www.chinadaily.com.cn 2993:"Riot Control Agents" 1696: 863: 855: 446:Incapacitating agents 392:Disulfur decafluoride 72:Hydrogen cyanide (AC) 29: 8486:Pregnenolone sulfate 8307:Euphorbia resinifera 8249:Euphorbia resinifera 8178:Phenylacetylrinvanil 8138:N-Oleoylethanolamide 8086:Homodihydrocapsaicin 7474:Pregnenolone sulfate 7337:Pregnenolone sulfate 7144:Thiopropanal S-oxide 7129:Tetrahydrocannabinol 6817:Allyl isothiocyanate 6625:Methyl fluoroacetate 6453:Methyl cyanoacrylate 6373:Allyl isothiocyanate 5961:Uranium hexafluoride 5916:Dinitrogen tetroxide 5861:Chlorine trifluoride 4909:Selenium oxychloride 4779:Phenyldichloroarsine 4773:Methyldichloroarsine 4711:Nickel tetracarbonyl 4208:law.lis.virginia.gov 3314:"Prevence přepadení" 3024:The Guardian (Lagos) 2953:"Capsicum oleoresin" 2909:"Capsicum Oleoresin" 2403:www.lawinfochina.com 1969:: Schedule 3 of the 1184:Disciplined Services 1084:improve this article 1002:sodium metabisulfite 8579:Riot control agents 8574:Lachrymatory agents 8391:Cannabigerolic acid 8153:Nordihydrocapsaicin 8114:(acidic conditions) 6318:Bromobenzyl cyanide 6086:Dimethylheptylpyran 6014:Diphenylcyanoarsine 6009:Diphenylchlorarsine 5941:Methyl vinyl ketone 5866:Perchloryl fluoride 5730:Bicyclic phosphates 5549:Trimethyl phosphite 5498:Phosphoryl chloride 4767:Ethyldichloroarsine 4741:Chloral cyanohydrin 4731:Acetone cyanohydrin 4701:Methyl cyanoformate 4415:, 28 March 2003, 1. 4413:The West Australian 4235:. Apps.leg.wa.gov. 3880:Crawford, Tiffany. 3802:"Firearms Act 1968" 3249:"Pepper Spray Laws" 3176:on November 1, 2010 2970:Cantrill, Richard. 2677:The Washington Post 2500:on December 6, 2017 871:Pepper spray is an 760:Scoville heat units 752:undesirable as the 501:Riot-control (RCAs) 429:Diphenylcyanoarsine 424:Diphenylchlorarsine 155:Phosgene oxime (CX) 40:Part of a series on 8354:Vernonia tweediana 7933:African blue basil 7905:Bisandrographolide 7491:Steviol glycosides 7444:Hydroxycitronellal 7190:Dehydroligustilide 7010:Angelica acutiloba 6924:Dehydroligustilide 6686:CB military symbol 6544:Enterotoxin type B 6499:Cyclopiazonic acid 6458:N-Methylmorpholine 6358:Ethyl bromoacetate 5836:Ethyl bromoacetate 5803:Perfluoroisobutene 5544:Triethyl phosphite 4815:Levinstein mustard 4706:Iron pentacarbonyl 4495:2004-12-06 at the 3491:2011-07-21 at the 3439:2007-05-16 at the 3420:2011-06-05 at the 3401:2011-07-25 at the 3137:The Times of India 2662:The New York Times 2278:The New York Times 2122:Medical News Today 1932:Northern Territory 1699: 1465:lachrymatory agent 1036:Oleoresin capsicum 869: 858: 650:less lethal weapon 35: 16:Inflammatory agent 8556: 8555: 8534: 8533: 8466:Meclofenamic acid 8272:melegueta peppers 8143:Nonivamide (PAVA) 7879:melegueta peppers 7799: 7798: 7745: 7744: 7657: 7656: 7577:Meclofenamic acid 7500:Stevia rebaudiana 7360: 7359: 7322:Meclofenamic acid 7228: 7227: 7118:melegueta peppers 7091:Phenacyl chloride 7046:N-Methylmaleimide 7036:Methyl salicylate 6981:Hydrogen peroxide 6934:Diallyl disulfide 6796:melegueta peppers 6694: 6693: 6504:Histrionicotoxins 6482:Biological toxins 6363:Ethyl iodoacetate 5931:Methyl isocyanate 5891:Selenoyl fluoride 5881:Mercuric chloride 5851:Tetranitromethane 5705:Sulfuryl fluoride 5690:HN3 hydrochloride 5685:HN2 hydrochloride 5680:HN1 hydrochloride 5567: 5566: 5524:Phenacyl chloride 5519:Pinacolyl alcohol 5465:Isopropyl alcohol 5460:4-Hydroxycoumarin 5394:1,8-Dibromooctane 4917: 4916: 4841:Nitrogen mustards 4654:Cyanogen chloride 4566:Media related to 4033:, Section 12403.7 3729:. 24 April 2013. 2883:. March 22, 2011. 2721:www.policemag.com 2584:Los Angeles Times 1961:Western Australia 1768:Safety Data Sheet 1713:Firearms Act 1968 1598:Polish Penal Code 1116: 1115: 1108: 1050:Paprika oleoresin 1024:. There are also 923:Los Angeles Times 822:Aerosol compound 738:isopropyl alcohol 615: 614: 601:Exceptionally hot 583: 582: 539: 538: 516:Pepper spray (OC) 376:Chloropicrin (PS) 363:Pulmonary/choking 353: 352: 8591: 8569:Chemical weapons 8401:Cannabigerovarin 8133:N-Oleoyldopamine 8039:Euodia ruticarpa 8005:Dihydrocapsaicin 7812: 7808: 7758: 7754: 7670: 7666: 7414:Cooling Agent 10 7373: 7369: 7241: 7237: 6759:4-Hydroxynonenal 6749: 6745: 6730: 6721: 6714: 6707: 6698: 6668:White phosphorus 6645:post-combustion 6641:Depleted uranium 6468:Osmium tetroxide 6348:Phenacyl bromide 5911:Nitrogen dioxide 5886:Selenium dioxide 5876:Cadmium chloride 5333:Dimefox (TL-792) 4928: 4756: 4681:Hydrogen sulfide 4660:Hydrogen cyanide 4649:Cyanogen bromide 4615:chemical warfare 4604: 4597: 4590: 4581: 4565: 4551: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4526: 4520: 4514: 4508: 4486: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4476: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4436: 4430: 4422: 4416: 4409: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4396: 4380: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4370: 4361:. Archived from 4355: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4345: 4330: 4324: 4323: 4321: 4319: 4307: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4297: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4272: 4266: 4260:. Archived from 4254: 4248: 4247: 4245: 4244: 4229: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4219: 4200: 4194: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4182: 4181: 4166: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4156: 4141: 4135: 4134: 4132: 4131: 4116: 4110: 4109: 4107: 4106: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4066: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4055: 4040: 4034: 4028: 4022: 4021: 4019: 4018: 3999: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3986: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3903: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3893: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3848: 3842: 3841: 3839: 3838: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3798: 3792: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3723: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3698: 3692: 3691: 3689: 3688: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3662: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3638: 3637: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3613: 3611: 3593: 3587: 3586: 3583:"Zakon o oružju" 3579: 3573: 3572: 3565: 3559: 3558: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3535: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3517: 3508:. Archived from 3502: 3496: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3473: 3462:travel.state.gov 3454: 3448: 3431: 3425: 3412: 3406: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3374:. Archived from 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3346: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3326: 3325: 3310: 3304: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3285: 3284: 3269: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3245: 3239: 3238: 3236: 3235: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3192: 3186: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3149: 3140:. Archived from 3128: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3103: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3074: 3068: 3067: 3065: 3064: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3036: 3035: 3015: 3009: 3008: 3006: 3004: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2976: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2873: 2867: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2850: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2782: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2739: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2712: 2706: 2702: 2696: 2687: 2681: 2672: 2666: 2657: 2651: 2646: 2626: 2620: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2593: 2587: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2565: 2558: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2541: 2540: 2516: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2496:. Archived from 2486: 2480: 2479: 2477: 2476: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2439: 2433: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2359: 2353: 2348: 2337: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2268: 2262: 2261: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2236: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2211: 2196: 2190: 2189: 2184: 2183: 2164: 2158: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2141: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2100: 2099: 2088: 2072: 2069: 2048:Defensive weapon 2043:Offensive weapon 1458:auxiliary police 1433: 1111: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1091: 1068: 1060: 730:propylene glycol 600: 585: 575: 568: 561: 453: 207:Chlorosarin (GC) 183: 129:Nitrogen mustard 122: 37: 8599: 8598: 8594: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8589: 8588: 8559: 8558: 8557: 8552: 8530: 8521:Tolfenamic acid 8441:Flufenamic acid 8337: 8244:Resiniferatoxin 8237:Ruta graveolens 8000:Diacyl glycerol 7795: 7779: 7741: 7737: 7717: 7703: 7653: 7639:Tolfenamic acid 7632:Ruta graveolens 7572:Flufenamic acid 7535: 7484:Ruta graveolens 7395:(intracellular) 7356: 7352:Tolfenamic acid 7307:Flufenamic acid 7285: 7261:Diacyl glycerol 7224: 7168: 6854:Cannabichromene 6764:4-Oxo-2-nonenal 6736: 6725: 6695: 6690: 6672: 6613: 6524:Botulinum toxin 6477: 6426: 6387: 6303:Benzyl chloride 6258: 6251: 6035: 6028: 6019:Cacodyl cyanide 5981:Vomiting agents 5975: 5773: 5766: 5675:Dimethylmercury 5597:Botulinum toxin 5563: 5342: 5256: 5158: 5111:Novichok agents 5105: 5089: 5016: 4913: 4887: 4868: 4835: 4807:Sulfur mustards 4801: 4745: 4691:Carbon monoxide 4671:Cacodyl cyanide 4630: 4629: 4613:Agents used in 4608: 4559: 4554: 4544: 4542: 4528: 4527: 4523: 4515: 4511: 4497:Wayback Machine 4487: 4483: 4474: 4472: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4449: 4447: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4423: 4419: 4410: 4403: 4394: 4392: 4382: 4381: 4377: 4368: 4366: 4357: 4356: 4352: 4343: 4341: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4317: 4315: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4295: 4293: 4284: 4283: 4279: 4270: 4268: 4264: 4256: 4255: 4251: 4242: 4240: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4217: 4215: 4202: 4201: 4197: 4192: 4188: 4179: 4177: 4168: 4167: 4163: 4154: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4138: 4129: 4127: 4118: 4117: 4113: 4104: 4102: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4079: 4077: 4068: 4067: 4063: 4053: 4051: 4042: 4041: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4016: 4014: 4001: 4000: 3993: 3984: 3982: 3975:www.ebay.com.au 3969: 3968: 3964: 3955: 3953: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3930: 3928: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3891: 3889: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3865: 3863: 3850: 3849: 3845: 3836: 3834: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3811: 3809: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3785: 3783: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3762: 3760: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3736: 3734: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3711: 3709: 3700: 3699: 3695: 3686: 3684: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3660: 3658: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3635: 3633: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3609: 3607: 3595: 3594: 3590: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3540: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3515: 3513: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3493:Wayback Machine 3484: 3480: 3471: 3469: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3441:Wayback Machine 3432: 3428: 3422:Wayback Machine 3413: 3409: 3403:Wayback Machine 3394: 3390: 3381: 3379: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3344: 3342: 3337: 3336: 3332: 3323: 3321: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3295: 3291: 3282: 3280: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3257: 3255: 3247: 3246: 3242: 3233: 3231: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3204: 3202: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3179: 3177: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3147: 3145: 3130: 3129: 3125: 3116: 3114: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3091: 3089: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3062: 3060: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3033: 3031: 3017: 3016: 3012: 3002: 3000: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2974: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2957:go.drugbank.com 2951: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2861: 2857: 2848: 2846: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2791: 2780: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2737: 2733: 2732: 2728: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2699: 2688: 2684: 2673: 2669: 2658: 2654: 2649:web.archive.org 2628: 2627: 2623: 2612: 2608: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2556: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2538: 2536: 2518: 2517: 2513: 2503: 2501: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2474: 2472: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2441: 2440: 2436: 2426: 2424: 2423:. 28 March 2023 2415: 2414: 2410: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2361: 2360: 2356: 2349: 2340: 2333: 2329: 2319: 2317: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2288: 2286: 2270: 2269: 2265: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2234: 2232: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2209: 2207: 2198: 2197: 2193: 2181: 2179: 2166: 2165: 2161: 2151: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2128: 2126: 2114: 2113: 2109: 2097: 2095: 2090: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2076: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2061: 2034: 2021: 2002:Military Police 1986: 1955:South Australia 1926:New South Wales 1916: 1892: 1756: 1732: 1727: 1510:criminal record 1427: 1331: 1159: 1140: 1112: 1101: 1095: 1092: 1081: 1069: 1058: 1038: 1014: 1006:Campden tablets 968: 959: 850: 819: 783:(known also as 769: 701: 630:capsaicin spray 579: 535: 495: 481: 440: 439: 438: 408: 398: 397: 396: 387:Diphosgene (DP) 383: 365: 355: 354: 349: 299:Novichok agents 292: 231: 222:Cyclosarin (GF) 217:Ethylsarin (GE) 180: 170: 169: 151: 150: 131: 124: 121:(HD H HT HL HQ) 120: 119: 92: 82: 81: 62: 46:Chemical agents 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8597: 8595: 8587: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8561: 8560: 8554: 8553: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8532: 8531: 8529: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8408: 8398: 8388: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8345: 8343: 8339: 8338: 8336: 8335: 8330: 8320: 8315: 8299: 8285: 8275: 8257: 8241: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8211:Dorrigo pepper 8204: 8190: 8183:Phorbol esters 8180: 8175: 8170: 8160: 8150: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8125: 8115: 8108: 8103: 8093: 8083: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8043: 8031: 8017: 8012: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7970: 7960: 7953:Cannabidivarin 7950: 7940: 7921:camphor laurel 7914: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7882: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7818: 7816: 7809: 7801: 7800: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7793: 7787: 7785: 7781: 7780: 7778: 7777: 7764: 7762: 7755: 7747: 7746: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7725: 7723: 7719: 7718: 7716: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7701: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7676: 7674: 7667: 7659: 7658: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7589: 7584: 7582:Mefenamic acid 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7543: 7541: 7537: 7536: 7534: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7504: 7488: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7390: 7385: 7379: 7377: 7370: 7362: 7361: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7293: 7291: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7283: 7278: 7275:St John's wort 7268: 7263: 7258: 7255:St John's wort 7247: 7245: 7238: 7230: 7229: 7226: 7225: 7223: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7202: 7197: 7187: 7182: 7176: 7174: 7170: 7169: 7167: 7166: 7161: 7151: 7141: 7136: 7126: 7121: 7103: 7100:Dorrigo pepper 7093: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7068: 7058: 7048: 7043: 7033: 7028: 7021:Sichuan pepper 7014: 6998: 6993: 6991:Isothiocyanate 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6936: 6931: 6921: 6911: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6884:Cinnamaldehyde 6881: 6871: 6861: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6814: 6804: 6799: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6755: 6753: 6746: 6738: 6737: 6726: 6724: 6723: 6716: 6709: 6701: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6677: 6674: 6673: 6671: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6651: 6650: 6649: 6647:uranium oxides 6638: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6619: 6615: 6614: 6612: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6485: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6398: 6396: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6385: 6383:Crotonaldehyde 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6308:Benzyl bromide 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6269: 6263: 6261: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6249: 6247:Chlorpromazine 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6040: 6038: 6034:Incapacitating 6030: 6029: 6027: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 5997: 5992: 5985: 5983: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5921:Sulfur dioxide 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5822: 5816: 5811: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5789: 5784: 5778: 5776: 5774:choking agents 5768: 5767: 5765: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5748: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5670:Tetraethyllead 5667: 5661: 5656: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5634: 5628: 5623: 5617: 5611: 5606: 5600: 5594: 5589: 5583: 5577: 5575: 5569: 5568: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5374:A.P.C. complex 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5168: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5115: 5113: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5103: 5097: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5085:V-sub x (GD-7) 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5026: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4983: 4978: 4972: 4966: 4960: 4954: 4948: 4943: 4936: 4934: 4925: 4919: 4918: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4882:Phosgene oxime 4878: 4876: 4870: 4869: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4845: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4811: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4794: 4788: 4782: 4776: 4770: 4764: 4762: 4753: 4751:Blister agents 4747: 4746: 4744: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4721:Glycolonitrile 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4657: 4651: 4646: 4640: 4638: 4632: 4631: 4628: 4627: 4622: 4620:incapacitation 4617: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4599: 4592: 4584: 4578: 4577: 4558: 4557:External links 4555: 4553: 4552: 4521: 4517:Hall v Collins 4509: 4481: 4456: 4431: 4417: 4401: 4375: 4350: 4325: 4302: 4277: 4249: 4224: 4195: 4186: 4161: 4136: 4111: 4086: 4061: 4035: 4023: 3991: 3962: 3938: 3912: 3898: 3872: 3843: 3818: 3793: 3769: 3743: 3718: 3693: 3667: 3642: 3617: 3588: 3574: 3560: 3546: 3543:on 2012-05-11. 3522: 3497: 3478: 3449: 3426: 3407: 3388: 3366:. 2007-10-21. 3351: 3330: 3305: 3289: 3264: 3240: 3224:sso.agc.gov.sg 3211: 3187: 3154: 3123: 3098: 3069: 3055:. 2016-07-21. 3040: 3010: 2984: 2962: 2944: 2918: 2900: 2886: 2868: 2855: 2797: 2794:on 2006-07-19. 2769: 2754: 2751:on 2016-12-21. 2726: 2707: 2705:1996;30:733–5. 2697: 2682: 2667: 2652: 2621: 2616:Ottawa Citizen 2606: 2588: 2576: 2545: 2511: 2481: 2456: 2434: 2408: 2390: 2371:(6): 435–474. 2354: 2338: 2327: 2296: 2263: 2241: 2225:"Pepper Spray" 2216: 2191: 2159: 2136: 2107: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2063: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2033: 2030: 2020: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2005: 1996: 1993: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1974: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1950: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1929: 1923: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1899: 1891: 1888: 1887: 1886: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1868: 1867: 1866: 1857: 1851: 1844: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1840: 1816: 1807: 1806: 1800: 1794: 1788: 1787: 1786: 1755: 1752: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1709:United Kingdom 1706: 1691: 1690: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1667: 1658: 1657: 1656: 1653: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1618: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1591: 1590: 1589: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1558: 1545: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1503: 1500:Garda Síochána 1493: 1492: 1491: 1488: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1476: 1475: 1451: 1445: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1418:demonstrations 1403: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1399: 1385: 1384: 1383: 1374: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1363: 1357:Czech Republic 1354: 1353: 1352: 1338: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1266: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1242: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1225: 1219: 1213: 1212: 1211: 1202: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1186:when on duty. 1171: 1170: 1169: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1147: 1139: 1136: 1114: 1113: 1096:September 2011 1072: 1070: 1063: 1057: 1054: 1037: 1034: 1013: 1010: 967: 964: 958: 957:Acute response 955: 918: 917: 916: 915: 909: 908: 904: 903: 902: 901: 849: 846: 845: 844: 841: 837: 836: 835: 832: 829: 826: 818: 815: 814: 813: 802: 792: 777:United Kingdom 768: 765: 764: 763: 757: 749: 700: 697: 673:mountain lions 634:capsicum spray 613: 612: 609: 607:Scoville scale 603: 602: 594: 590: 589: 581: 580: 578: 577: 570: 563: 555: 552: 551: 550: 549: 541: 540: 537: 536: 534: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 507: 504: 503: 497: 496: 494: 493: 488: 482: 480: 479: 474: 468: 467: 466: 461: 449: 448: 442: 441: 437: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 410: 409: 404: 403: 400: 399: 395: 394: 389: 384: 378: 373: 367: 366: 361: 360: 357: 356: 351: 350: 348: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 306: 303: 302: 294: 293: 291: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 249: 243: 240: 239: 233: 232: 230: 229: 224: 219: 214: 209: 204: 199: 193: 190: 189: 181: 176: 175: 172: 171: 168: 167: 162: 157: 152: 149: 148: 143: 138: 132: 127: 125: 116: 114: 109: 104: 99: 93: 88: 87: 84: 83: 80: 79: 74: 69: 63: 58: 57: 54: 53: 49: 48: 42: 41: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8596: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8551: 8550: 8546: 8543: 8537: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8501:Ruthenium red 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8481:Niflumic acid 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8416: 8412: 8409: 8406: 8402: 8399: 8396: 8392: 8389: 8386: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8350: 8349:α-Spinasterol 8347: 8346: 8344: 8340: 8334: 8331: 8328: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8313: 8312: 8308: 8303: 8300: 8297: 8293: 8289: 8286: 8283: 8279: 8276: 8273: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8258: 8255: 8254: 8250: 8245: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8212: 8208: 8205: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8191: 8188: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8168: 8164: 8161: 8158: 8154: 8151: 8148: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8123: 8119: 8116: 8113: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8101: 8097: 8094: 8091: 8087: 8084: 8081: 8077: 8076:Homocapsaicin 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8051: 8047: 8044: 8041: 8040: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8025: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8010: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7990: 7989:wild bergamot 7986: 7982: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7968: 7964: 7961: 7958: 7954: 7951: 7948: 7944: 7941: 7938: 7937:camphor basil 7934: 7930: 7926: 7922: 7918: 7915: 7912: 7911: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7890: 7886: 7883: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7819: 7817: 7813: 7810: 7807: 7802: 7792: 7791:Ruthenium red 7789: 7788: 7786: 7782: 7775: 7774: 7769: 7766: 7765: 7763: 7759: 7756: 7753: 7748: 7738: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7720: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7675: 7671: 7668: 7665: 7660: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7634: 7633: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7622:Ruthenium red 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7602:Niflumic acid 7600: 7597: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7544: 7542: 7538: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522:; indirectly) 7521: 7517: 7513: 7509: 7505: 7502: 7501: 7496: 7492: 7489: 7486: 7485: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7464: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7429:Frescolat MGA 7427: 7424: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7363: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7332:Niflumic acid 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7294: 7292: 7288: 7282: 7279: 7276: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7256: 7252: 7249: 7248: 7246: 7242: 7239: 7236: 7231: 7221: 7220:Ruthenium red 7218: 7216: 7213: 7210: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7195: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7177: 7175: 7171: 7165: 7162: 7159: 7155: 7152: 7149: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7134: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7119: 7115: 7111: 7107: 7104: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7076: 7072: 7069: 7066: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7041: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7031:Methylglyoxal 7029: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7015: 7012: 7011: 7006: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6966: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6919: 6915: 6912: 6909: 6905: 6904:Cuminaldehyde 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6882: 6879: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6865: 6862: 6859: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6815: 6812: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6756: 6754: 6750: 6747: 6744: 6739: 6735: 6732: 6722: 6717: 6715: 6710: 6708: 6703: 6702: 6699: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6678: 6675: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6658:its compounds 6655: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6620: 6616: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6594:Tetanospasmin 6592: 6590: 6589:T-2 mycotoxin 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6519:Batrachotoxin 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6486: 6484: 6480: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6463:Allyl alcohol 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6429: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6390: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6328:Chloroacetone 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6313:Benzyl iodide 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6267:Xylyl bromide 6265: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6254: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6055:Butyrophenone 6053: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6031: 6025: 6024:o-Dianisidine 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5978: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5871:Cadmium oxide 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5823: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5769: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5720:Batrachotoxin 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5618: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5604: 5603:Tetanospasmin 5601: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5578: 5576: 5574: 5570: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5475: 5472: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5345: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5161: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5108: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4964: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4874:Nettle agents 4871: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4838: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4676:Cacodyl oxide 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4611: 4605: 4600: 4598: 4593: 4591: 4586: 4585: 4582: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4568:Pepper sprays 4564: 4556: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4525: 4522: 4518: 4513: 4510: 4506: 4505:1-877235-39-3 4502: 4498: 4494: 4491: 4485: 4482: 4470: 4466: 4460: 4457: 4445: 4441: 4435: 4432: 4428: 4427: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4390: 4386: 4379: 4376: 4365:on 2013-01-02 4364: 4360: 4354: 4351: 4339: 4335: 4329: 4326: 4313: 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3397: 3392: 3389: 3378:on 2008-07-03 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3364:blog.anta.net 3361: 3355: 3352: 3340: 3334: 3331: 3320:on 2013-11-02 3319: 3315: 3309: 3306: 3303:20 June 2006. 3302: 3298: 3293: 3290: 3278: 3274: 3268: 3265: 3254: 3250: 3244: 3241: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3212: 3201: 3197: 3191: 3188: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3165: 3158: 3155: 3144:on 2013-08-26 3143: 3139: 3138: 3133: 3127: 3124: 3112: 3108: 3102: 3099: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3073: 3070: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3044: 3041: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3014: 3011: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2985: 2980: 2973: 2966: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2948: 2945: 2933: 2929: 2922: 2919: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2901: 2896: 2890: 2887: 2882: 2878: 2872: 2869: 2865: 2859: 2856: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2801: 2798: 2790: 2786: 2779: 2773: 2770: 2765: 2758: 2755: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2730: 2727: 2722: 2718: 2711: 2708: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2693: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2671: 2668: 2664: 2663: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2644: 2640: 2637:(5): 268–74. 2636: 2632: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2617: 2610: 2607: 2602: 2598: 2592: 2589: 2586:June 18, 1995 2585: 2580: 2577: 2562: 2555: 2549: 2546: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2515: 2512: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2485: 2482: 2470: 2466: 2460: 2457: 2452: 2449:. June 2013. 2448: 2444: 2438: 2435: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2404: 2400: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2358: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2328: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2300: 2297: 2284: 2280: 2279: 2274: 2267: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2245: 2242: 2230: 2227:. Llrmi.com. 2226: 2220: 2217: 2205: 2201: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2178:on 2015-01-05 2177: 2173: 2169: 2163: 2160: 2147: 2140: 2137: 2124: 2123: 2118: 2111: 2108: 2104: 2093: 2087: 2084: 2078: 2068: 2065: 2058: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2036: 2035: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2018: 2010: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1987: 1983: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1890:South America 1889: 1879: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1848: 1845: 1838: 1834: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1809: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1791:Massachusetts 1789: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1754:United States 1753: 1751: 1749: 1748:Criminal Code 1745: 1741: 1736: 1729: 1725:North America 1724: 1717: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1695: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1665: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1473: 1469: 1468: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1422: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1404: 1396: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1381: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1320: 1315: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1304: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1273: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1156: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1110: 1107: 1099: 1089: 1085: 1079: 1078: 1073:This section 1071: 1067: 1062: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1030:paintball gun 1027: 1023: 1019: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1003: 999: 994: 990: 988: 984: 980: 975: 972: 965: 963: 956: 954: 951: 946: 942: 938: 936: 931: 929: 925: 924: 913: 912: 911: 910: 906: 905: 899: 898: 897: 896: 895: 892: 890: 889:visual acuity 886: 882: 877: 874: 866: 862: 854: 847: 843:Foam compound 842: 838: 833: 830: 827: 824: 823: 821: 820: 816: 811: 807: 803: 800: 796: 793: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 773: 772: 766: 761: 758: 755: 750: 746: 745: 744: 741: 739: 735: 731: 727: 722: 720: 716: 712: 711: 706: 698: 696: 694: 688: 686: 682: 678: 674: 669: 667: 663: 662:crowd control 659: 655: 651: 646: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 611:1,250,000 SHU 610: 608: 604: 599: 595: 591: 586: 576: 571: 569: 564: 562: 557: 556: 554: 553: 548: 545: 544: 543: 542: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 511:Xylyl bromide 509: 508: 506: 505: 502: 498: 492: 489: 487: 484: 483: 478: 475: 473: 470: 469: 465: 462: 460: 459:Agent 15 (BZ) 457: 456: 455: 454: 451: 450: 447: 443: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 411: 407: 402: 401: 393: 390: 388: 385: 382: 381:Phosgene (CG) 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 368: 364: 359: 358: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 307: 305: 304: 301: 300: 295: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 253: 250: 248: 245: 244: 242: 241: 238: 234: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 194: 192: 191: 188: 184: 179: 174: 173: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 147: 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 130: 126: 123: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 94: 91: 86: 85: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 64: 61: 56: 55: 52:Lethal agents 50: 47: 43: 39: 38: 32: 28: 22: 8584:Self-defense 8541: 8540: 8381:Cannabigerol 8352: 8305: 8247: 8235: 8197:black pepper 8157:chili pepper 8090:chili pepper 8080:chili pepper 8071:Hepoxilin B3 8066:Hepoxilin A3 8037: 8009:chili pepper 7967:chili pepper 7908: 7771: 7630: 7557:Clotrimazole 7498: 7482: 7434:Frescolat ML 7342:Progesterone 7251:Adhyperforin 7164:WIN 55,212-2 7157: 7008: 6976:Hepoxilin B3 6971:Hepoxilin A3 6942: 6874:Cannabigerol 6599:Tetrodotoxin 6549:Grayanotoxin 6333:Bromoacetone 6323:Thiophosgene 6278:Mace (spray) 6272:Pepper spray 6271: 6257:Lachrymatory 6242:Fluphenazine 6237:Procarbazine 6147:Sleeping gas 5995:Chloropicrin 5906:Nitric oxide 5808:Chloropicrin 5752:Cloflubicyne 5715:Oxotremorine 5664:Antillatoxin 5643:Tetrodotoxin 5592:Bungarotoxin 5488:Nitromethane 5450:Formaldoxime 5389:Cyclohexanol 5354:Acetonitrile 5101:GV (EA-5365) 4923:Nerve agents 4726:Lactonitrile 4636:Blood agents 4625:riot control 4560: 4545:December 19, 4543:. Retrieved 4534: 4524: 4516: 4512: 4484: 4473:. Retrieved 4459: 4448:. Retrieved 4434: 4424: 4420: 4412: 4393:. Retrieved 4378: 4367:. Retrieved 4363:the original 4353: 4342:. Retrieved 4328: 4316:. Retrieved 4305: 4294:. Retrieved 4280: 4269:. Retrieved 4262:the original 4252: 4241:. Retrieved 4227: 4216:. Retrieved 4207: 4198: 4189: 4178:. Retrieved 4164: 4153:. Retrieved 4139: 4128:. Retrieved 4114: 4103:. Retrieved 4089: 4078:. Retrieved 4064: 4052:. Retrieved 4038: 4026: 4015:. Retrieved 4006: 3983:. Retrieved 3974: 3965: 3954:. Retrieved 3950: 3941: 3929:. Retrieved 3915: 3901: 3890:. Retrieved 3875: 3864:. Retrieved 3855: 3846: 3835:. Retrieved 3821: 3810:. Retrieved 3796: 3784:. Retrieved 3778: 3772: 3761:. Retrieved 3746: 3735:. Retrieved 3721: 3710:. Retrieved 3696: 3685:. Retrieved 3670: 3659:. Retrieved 3645: 3634:. Retrieved 3620: 3608:. Retrieved 3598: 3591: 3577: 3563: 3549: 3538:the original 3525: 3514:. Retrieved 3510:the original 3500: 3481: 3470:. 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Retrieved 2086: 2067: 2038:Mace (spray) 2026: 2022: 1970: 1830:NY Penal Law 1808: 1772: 1761: 1757: 1743: 1737: 1733: 1686: 1409: 1269:Saudi Arabia 1190: 1150:South Africa 1132:self-defense 1124:riot control 1117: 1102: 1093: 1082:Please help 1077:verification 1074: 1047: 1039: 1015: 995: 991: 987:baby shampoo 976: 969: 960: 947: 943: 939: 932: 921: 919: 893: 880: 878: 873:inflammatory 870: 770: 767:Counterparts 742: 723: 713:, including 708: 702: 689: 681:colloquially 670: 666:self-defense 658:riot control 633: 629: 625: 621: 618:Pepper spray 617: 616: 588:Pepper spray 515: 491:Sleeping gas 419:Chloropicrin 297: 236: 186: 112:Lewisite (L) 31:U.S. Marines 8516:Tivanisiran 8421:Capsazepine 8333:Zucapsaicin 8201:long pepper 8167:Pacific yew 8056:GSK1016790A 7943:Cannabidiol 7929:camphorweed 7617:RQ-00203078 7612:PF-05105679 7552:Capsazepine 7317:GSK2293017A 7281:Substance P 7266:GSK1702934A 7215:PF-04745637 7154:Umbellulone 7075:Pacific yew 7061:Oleocanthal 7040:wintergreen 7001:Ligustilide 6864:Cannabidiol 6829:horseradish 6609:Veratridine 6584:Shiga toxin 6539:Domoic acid 6402:Thioacetone 6368:Iodoacetone 6232:Pentazocine 6227:Sevoflurane 6192:CAR-302,668 6187:CAR-302,282 6182:CAR-302,196 6177:CAR-301,060 6172:CAR-226,086 6152:Carfentanil 6050:Apomorphine 5971:Green Cross 5762:Domoic acid 5573:Neurotoxins 5493:OPA mixture 5384:Chlorosoman 5379:Chlorosarin 5313:Phospholine 5012:Crotylsarin 4997:Fluorotabun 4969:Chlorosoman 4951:Chlorosarin 4318:8 September 3951:mpdc.dc.gov 3931:13 December 3445:Weapon Laws 3053:SecurityPro 3003:20 November 2862:Young, D., 2494:ozytive.com 2152:17 December 1984:New Zealand 1678:Switzerland 1572:Netherlands 1474:cartridges. 1428: [ 1286:South Korea 1263:Philippines 754:hydrophobic 638:lachrymator 118:Mustard gas 77:Arsine (SA) 8563:Categories 8411:Cannabinol 8311:pooissonii 8302:Tinyatoxin 8253:pooissonii 8217:Probenecid 8207:Polygodial 8163:Paclitaxel 8147:PAVA spray 8034:Evodiamine 7985:pepperwort 7900:Anandamide 7867:α-Sanshool 7815:Activators 7768:Triptolide 7761:Activators 7673:Activators 7649:TRPM4-IN-5 7567:Elismetrep 7495:stevioside 7423:eucalyptus 7419:Eucalyptol 7383:ADP-ribose 7376:Activators 7312:GSK417651A 7271:Hyperforin 7244:Activators 7124:Tear gases 7096:Polygodial 7086:PF-4840154 7071:Paclitaxel 6939:Dicentrine 6849:Bradykinin 6784:α-Sanshool 6752:Activators 6734:modulators 6559:Maitotoxin 6554:Guanitoxin 6534:Ciguatoxin 6529:Brevetoxin 6514:Anatoxin-a 6509:Aflatoxins 6422:Putrescine 6417:Cadaverine 6393:Malodorant 6217:Isoflurane 6202:Desflurane 6197:Benperidol 6142:Psilocybin 6137:PAVA spray 5819:Diphosgene 5772:Pulmonary/ 5700:Picrotoxin 5659:Strychnine 5653:Brevetoxin 5637:Maitotoxin 5620:Guanitoxin 5614:Ciguatoxin 5581:Anatoxin-a 5514:Pinacolone 5347:Precursors 5308:Selenophos 5164:Carbamates 5080:Chinese VX 4986:Cyclosarin 4975:Ethylsarin 4946:Sarin (GB) 4797:Lewisite 3 4791:Lewisite 2 4760:Arsenicals 4475:2014-10-17 4450:2018-12-09 4395:2014-06-22 4369:2009-02-08 4344:2017-04-10 4314:. ABC News 4296:2011-09-23 4271:2011-09-23 4243:2010-05-30 4218:2018-06-29 4180:2011-12-02 4155:2018-02-13 4130:2018-02-13 4105:2018-02-13 4080:2014-06-07 4054:2011-08-16 4017:2017-11-13 3985:2018-02-13 3956:2022-02-19 3892:2020-02-23 3866:2015-10-07 3837:2012-08-18 3812:2013-12-28 3763:2017-03-21 3737:2018-07-27 3712:2017-06-05 3687:2015-08-02 3661:2012-12-01 3636:2012-12-01 3516:2013-01-21 3472:2017-11-19 3405:VersammlG. 3382:2008-03-23 3345:2022-05-25 3324:2012-03-11 3283:2008-04-15 3258:2022-09-13 3234:2019-05-22 3205:2023-03-07 3148:2013-05-05 3117:2011-12-02 3092:2019-10-26 3063:2019-01-03 3034:2019-01-03 2932:D Magazine 2849:2010-05-30 2570:2011-12-02 2539:2011-12-02 2475:2011-12-02 2235:2011-12-02 2210:2011-12-02 2182:2022-09-01 2098:2009-02-09 2079:References 2053:Bear spray 1977:Queensland 1860:Washington 1813:New Jersey 1779:California 1682:greenhouse 1566:Montenegro 1472:gas pistol 1163:Bangladesh 865:US Marines 785:PAVA spray 726:emulsifier 699:Components 685:bear spray 486:PAVA spray 212:Soman (GD) 202:Sarin (GB) 197:Tabun (GA) 8542:See also: 8526:TRPV3-74a 8511:SB-705498 8506:SB-366791 8456:Lanthanum 8451:HC-067047 8371:Asivatrep 8232:Rutamarin 8096:Incensole 8046:Gingerols 8015:Estradiol 7991:, others) 7973:Carvacrol 7963:Capsaicin 7857:13-oxoODE 7847:12S-HpETE 7827:5',6'-EET 7627:Rutamarin 7526:Thio-BCTC 7479:Rutamarin 7409:Coolact P 7200:HC-030031 7065:olive oil 6961:Gingerols 6774:12S-HpETE 6654:Plutonium 6604:Volkensin 6579:Saxitoxin 6569:Palytoxin 6494:Aconitine 6222:Halothane 6212:Bufotenin 6207:Enflurane 6127:Kolokol-1 6107:Pethidine 6081:Etoxadrol 6066:Etorphine 6062:(CS-4640) 6046:(CS-4030) 6004:glycerine 5951:Salcomine 5710:Tremorine 5648:Aconitine 5631:Palytoxin 5609:Ryanodine 5586:Saxitoxin 5323:Ro 3-0422 5094:GV agents 4957:Thiosarin 4686:Phosphine 3751:Polisen. 3447:(German). 3372:1797-1993 3169:The Hindu 2631:N C Med J 2504:April 29, 2320:April 29, 2289:April 29, 1949:Officers. 1914:Australia 1881:packages. 1871:Wisconsin 1825:content. 1823:capsaicin 1631:PAM (МПК) 1548:Lithuania 1517:capsaicin 1280:Singapore 1216:Indonesia 1180:Hong Kong 1018:concealed 983:lidocaine 971:Capsaicin 966:Treatment 789:Section 5 705:capsaicin 645:capsaicin 526:CN (mace) 477:Kolokol-1 8476:NGD-8243 8461:Mavatrep 8446:GRC-6211 8415:cannabis 8405:cannabis 8395:cannabis 8385:cannabis 8366:AMG-9810 8342:Blockers 8323:Vanillin 8318:Tramadol 8282:cannabis 8260:Shogaols 8193:Piperine 7957:cannabis 7947:cannabis 7925:rosemary 7842:12S-HETE 7837:9-oxoODE 7784:Blockers 7734:PI(4,5)P 7722:Blockers 7700:PI(3,5)P 7607:Ononetin 7592:Nicotine 7540:Blockers 7516:fructose 7508:tastants 7454:Linalool 7439:Geraniol 7399:CIM-0216 7290:Blockers 7205:Nicotine 7180:A-967079 7173:Blockers 7133:cannabis 7106:Shogaols 7051:Nicotine 7017:Linalool 6956:Formalin 6918:turmeric 6914:Curcumin 6888:cinnamon 6878:cannabis 6868:cannabis 6858:cannabis 6844:ASP-7663 6802:Acrolein 6663:Polonium 6564:Modeccin 6473:Acrolein 6438:Lewisite 6343:Acrolein 6167:CS-27349 6117:Ibogaine 6000:Litharge 5989:Adamsite 5966:Diborane 5956:Fluomine 5936:Ethenone 5831:Acrolein 5798:Fluorine 5792:Phosgene 5782:Chlorine 5182:EA-3887A 5154:C01-A042 5149:C01-A039 5144:C01-A035 5022:V-agents 4932:G-agents 4817:(EA-229) 4785:Lewisite 4644:Cyanogen 4539:Archived 4493:Archived 4469:Archived 4444:Archived 4389:Archived 4338:Archived 4290:Archived 4237:Archived 4212:Archived 4174:Archived 4149:Archived 4124:Archived 4099:Archived 4074:Archived 4048:Archived 4011:Archived 3979:Archived 3925:Archived 3886:Archived 3860:Archived 3831:Archived 3806:Archived 3757:Archived 3731:Archived 3706:Archived 3681:Archived 3655:Archived 3630:Archived 3604:Archived 3489:Archived 3466:Archived 3458:"Greece" 3437:Archived 3418:Archived 3399:Archived 3277:Archived 3228:Archived 3111:Archived 3086:Archived 3057:Archived 3028:Archived 2997:Archived 2881:Cleanfax 2843:Archived 2839:12262260 2831:18924005 2643:10495655 2561:Archived 2533:Archived 2469:Archived 2451:Archived 2314:Archived 2283:Archived 2229:Archived 2204:Archived 2032:See also 2012:country. 2009:Scoville 1967:Victoria 1943:Tasmania 1902:Colombia 1854:Virginia 1850:device". 1819:New York 1803:Michigan 1647:Slovakia 1609:Portugal 1300:Thailand 1257:Pakistan 1251:Mongolia 1245:Malaysia 1207:: Legal 1056:Legality 1043:jalapeno 728:such as 710:Capsicum 654:policing 642:compound 626:OC spray 414:Adamsite 406:Vomiting 371:Chlorine 345:C01-A042 340:C01-A039 335:C01-A035 237:V-agents 187:G-agents 165:C01-A039 160:C01-A035 8496:RN-9893 8491:RN-1734 8361:AMG-517 8327:vanilla 8296:oregano 8268:Sichuan 8246:(RTX) ( 8222:Protons 8185:(e.g., 8118:Menthol 8100:incense 8020:Eugenol 7977:oregano 7917:Camphor 7885:Allicin 7875:Sichuan 7862:20-HETE 7852:13-HODE 7695:ML2-SA1 7596:tobacco 7547:AMG-333 7520:sucrose 7512:glucose 7510:(e.g., 7493:(e.g., 7459:Menthol 7393:Calcium 7209:tobacco 7185:AM-0902 7114:Sichuan 7055:tobacco 6944:Lindera 6821:mustard 6807:Allicin 6792:Sichuan 6769:4,5-EET 6731:channel 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7194:celery 7110:ginger 7005:celery 6996:JT-010 6986:Icilin 6965:ginger 6928:celery 6833:wasabi 6825:radish 6811:garlic 6788:ginger 6630:Napalm 6395:agents 6259:agents 6162:JB-336 6157:JB-318 6132:LSD-25 6088:(DMHP) 6036:agents 5695:A-8564 5655:(PbTX) 5605:(TeNT) 5222:TL-599 5212:T-1194 5207:T-1152 5202:T-1123 4971:(ClGD) 4953:(ClGB) 4864:TL-301 4666:Arsine 4503: 3370: 2837: 2829: 2641: 2601:Scribd 2383: 1896:Brazil 1837:felony 1785:spray. 1730:Canada 1672:Sweden 1641:Serbia 1621:Russia 1594:Poland 1583:Norway 1555:police 1534:Latvia 1448:Greece 1388:France 1329:Europe 1311:Taiwan 1228:Israel 1138:Africa 1128:lethal 998:CS gas 979:Maalox 799:Russia 715:chilis 677:wolves 664:, and 254:/GD-7, 8426:DCDPC 8292:thyme 8028:clove 8024:basil 7981:thyme 7895:AM404 7822:2-APB 7708:SF-22 7680:EVP21 7664:TRPML 7562:DCDPC 7531:WS-12 7297:DCDPC 7148:onion 7025:thyme 6947:spp.) 6908:cumin 6839:AM404 6618:Other 6574:Ricin 6489:Abrin 6448:KB-16 5735:IPTBO 5666:(ATX) 5639:(MTX) 5633:(PTX) 5622:(GTX) 5616:(CTX) 5599:(BTX) 5455:Nital 5261:Other 5139:A-262 5134:A-242 5129:A-234 5124:A-232 5119:A-208 4963:Soman 4959:(SGB) 4940:Tabun 4899:KB-16 4892:Other 4429:(Vic) 4265:(PDF) 3610:5 May 3541:(PDF) 3534:(PDF) 2975:(PDF) 2835:S2CID 2792:(PDF) 2781:(PDF) 2749:(PDF) 2738:(PDF) 2564:(PDF) 2557:(PDF) 2059:Notes 1847:Texas 1738:Only 1661:Spain 1506:Italy 1432:] 1239:Japan 1205:India 1174:China 1022:rings 985:gel, 981:, 2% 817:Types 806:China 636:is a 632:, or 330:A-262 325:A-242 320:A-234 315:A-232 310:A-230 178:Nerve 60:Blood 8431:DHEA 8376:BCTC 8270:and 8227:RhTx 8122:mint 8110:Low 8061:Heat 7995:DHEA 7877:and 7806:TRPV 7752:TRPP 7713:SN-2 7644:TPPO 7463:mint 7404:Cold 7388:BCTC 7367:TRPM 7347:Pyr3 7235:TRPC 7116:and 6794:and 6743:TRPA 6656:and 6274:(OC) 5991:(DM) 5821:(DP) 5810:(PS) 5794:(CG) 5745:TBPS 5740:TBPO 5588:(TZ) 5510:(TH) 5479:(DF) 5473:(SW) 5467:(TB) 5440:DMHP 5420:DEHP 5410:DIHP 5401:(KB) 5338:MSPI 4988:(GF) 4977:(GE) 4965:(GD) 4942:(GA) 4884:(CX) 4831:CEES 4799:(L3) 4793:(L2) 4781:(PD) 4775:(MD) 4769:(ED) 4662:(AC) 4656:(CK) 4547:2014 4501:ISBN 4320:2020 3933:2012 3788:2023 3612:2011 3424:StGB 3368:ISSN 3301:B.S. 3297:K.B. 3182:2010 3005:2011 2939:2024 2827:PMID 2639:PMID 2506:2020 2429:2023 2381:PMID 2322:2020 2291:2020 2154:2017 2131:2022 2007:The 1764:OSHA 1222:Iran 1157:Asia 879:The 593:Heat 7497:) ( 6729:TRP 6298:CNS 5827:(Z) 5369:AlP 5364:ATO 4859:HN3 4854:HN2 4849:HN1 4787:(L) 3443:on 3415:§32 2819:doi 2373:doi 2258:F3d 1460:). 1086:by 1012:Use 907:and 804:In 724:An 683:as 652:in 146:HN3 141:HN2 136:HN1 8565:: 8547:• 8294:, 8266:, 8199:, 8112:pH 8026:, 7987:, 7983:, 7979:, 7935:, 7931:, 7927:, 7923:, 7873:, 7518:, 7514:, 7112:, 7023:, 7007:, 6831:, 6827:, 6823:, 6790:, 6443:CX 6293:CR 6288:CS 6283:CN 6044:BZ 5559:TG 5554:TC 5529:QL 5415:ZS 5359:AT 5070:VX 5065:VS 5060:VR 5055:VP 5050:VM 5045:VG 5040:VE 4992:GP 4981:GH 4537:. 4533:. 4404:^ 4387:. 4336:. 4288:. 4210:. 4206:. 4147:. 4122:. 4097:. 4072:. 4009:. 4005:. 3994:^ 3977:. 3973:. 3949:. 3884:. 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