38:
313:
365:, especially in the conversation between Gawain/Gwalchmai and Perceval/Peredur that occurs after Gawain/Gwalchmai covers the blood on the snow which reminds Perceval/Peredur of his love (Blancheflor in Chretien). Moreover, the black-haired hag describes the bleeding spear Peredur saw earlier in the tale as a small spear carried by one youth with a single drop running down (like Chretien), but this is different from how the relevant earlier passage in
273:'s exploits take up this section of the French work). In the end, the hero learns the severed head at his uncle's court belonged to his cousin, who had been killed by the Nine Witches. Peredur avenges his family by helping Arthur and others destroy the Witches, and is celebrated as a hero.
294:, from the end of the same century. The texts found in the White Book of Rhydderch and Red Book of Hergest represent the longest version. They are generally in close agreement and most of their differences are concentrated in the first part of the text, before the love-story of Angharad.
411:, as other scholars have done. Of course, it is hardly necessary to find a source for every detail of the narrative: the narrator whose text we have may have freely indulged in original creativity. A parallel case with traditional stories in Ireland is found in the examples given in
419:(University of Wales Press), where Caerwyn-Williams freely admits that the form of the story given by the storyteller depends on the audience to which it is delivered. It is not necessary therefore always to find literary sources for such tales in their
403:. There is no clear evidence for a Welsh dynasty in the York area, and legendary sources should always be taken with the proverbial pinch of salt. Carey himself connects the Peredur of this romance, and Perceval by proxy, with the otherworldly
289:
4; (2) MS Peniarth 7, which dates from the beginning of the century, or earlier, and lacks the beginning of the text; (3) MS Peniarth 14, a fragment from the 2nd quarter of the 14th century, and (4) the
301:, reigning with the Empress. This has been taken to indicate that the adventures in the Fortress of Marvels, which follow this episode in the longest version, represent a later addition to the text.
423:
form: in any case, most written sources will have perished, and there is no way that we can tell if the surviving sources are in any way representative of the whole of what might have been extant.
234:
and sets out on further adventures, promising to avenge Cei's insults to himself and those who defended him. While travelling, he meets two of his uncles. The first (playing the role of
246:) reveals a salver containing a man's severed head. The young knight does not ask about this and proceeds to further adventure, including a stay with the
779:
304:
On orthographic grounds, Glenys
Goetinck postulates a date in the 12th century. Many other scholars, however, have favoured a later date.
735:
702:
774:
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191:, but it contains many striking differences from that work, most notably the absence of the French poem's central object, the
358:
312:
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265:
Peredur returns to Arthur's court, but soon embarks on another series of adventures that do not correspond to material in
286:
715:
357:. Despite these seemingly-traditional elements, however, influence from the French romance cannot be discounted. As
242:) educates him in arms and warns him not to ask the significance of what he sees. The second (replacing Chrétien's
584:
223:, the hero's father dies when he is young, and his mother takes him into the woods and raises him in isolation.
282:
105:
543:
412:
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Eventually, he meets a group of knights and determines to become like them, so he travels to the court of
336:, and many original episodes appear, including the reign in Constantinople, which contains remnants of a
317:
214:
182:
703:
https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/peredur-vab-efrawc(7955b6f7-c596-4224-8e76-43ff72ef1591).html
332:
preserves some of the material found in Chrétien's source. The sequence of some events are altered in
259:
172:
120:
789:
784:
631:
Aronstein, Susan L. "Becoming Welsh: counter-colonialism and the negotiation of native identity in
381:
291:
109:
666:, edited by Sioned Davies and Peter Wynn Thomas. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000. 128-47.
599:
281:
Versions of the text survive in four manuscripts from the 14th century: (1) the mid-14th century
559:
372:
The hero of the poem has a father, Efrawg, whose name has been etymologically associated with
400:
348:
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MS Peniarth 7, the earliest manuscript, concludes with
Peredur's the hero's 14-year stay in
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depicts it, which is as a gigantic spear carried by two youths and bleeding three drops.
328:, scholars debate as to the work's exact relationship to Chrétien's poem. It is possible
699:
Peredur vab Efrawc: Edited Texts and
Translations of the MSS Peniarth 7 and 14 Versions
581:
Peredur vab Efrawc: Edited Texts and
Translations of the MSS Peniarth 7 and 14 Versions
325:
298:
763:
496:
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notes, there are significant phrase-for-phrase parallels between
Chretien's poem and
576:, edited by Rachel Bromwich, A.O.H. Jarman and B.F. Roberts. Cardiff, 1991. 171-82.
420:
85:
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243:
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47:
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https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/files/11363276/Vitt_Electronic_MPhil_Thesis.pdf
376:(the modern Welsh name for York is Efrog or Caerefrog, derived from the Roman
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The Arthur of the Welsh: the
Arthurian legend in medieval Welsh literature
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347:) is replaced with a severed head on a platter, reflecting stories of
270:
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Knight, Stephen. "Resemblance of menace: a post-colonial reading of
653:
739:
Edited Texts and
Translations of the MSS Peniarth 7 and 14 Versions
311:
373:
258:) and the encounter with the woman who was to be his true love,
209:
722:. Diplomatic edition of the text in the White Book of Rhydderch
516:, pp. 246-247. Aberystwyth: Celtic Studies Publications, 2007.
732:. Diplomatic edition of the text in the Red Book of Hergest
692:
Peredur: A Study of Welsh
Traditions in the Grail Legends
587:. MPhil thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2011. 203-204.
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529:. Aberystwyth: Celtic Studies Publications, 2007.
550:. Aberystwyth: Celtic Studies Publications 11.
705:. MPhil thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2011.
8:
679:Download available through paid subscription
654:Download available through paid subscription
42:The mysterious severed head being shown to
716:Peniarth 4 (Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch) page 30r
664:Canhwyll Marchogyon: Cyd-Destunoli Peredur
20:
499:interprets the reference to windmills in
726:Jesus 111 (Llyfr Coch Hergest) page 161v
683:Goetinck, Glenys W. "Historia Peredur."
503:as evidence for a later date (pp. 61–4).
181:. It tells a story roughly analogous to
108:, MS Peniarth 7, MS Peniarth 14 and the
432:
203:The central character of the tale is
7:
644:Bollard, J.K. "Theme and Meaning in
56:Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race
750:Translation by Lady Charlotte Guest
697:Vitt, Anthony M. (ed. and trans.),
579:Vitt, Anthony M. (ed. and trans.),
391:). Thus, it can be speculated that
14:
417:Y StorĂŻwr Gwyddeleg a'i Chwedlau
399:prince who ruled in what is now
316:The opening lines of Peredur on
188:Perceval, the Story of the Grail
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16:One of the Three Welsh Romances
745:Translation by Jones and Jones
1:
780:Arthurian literature in Welsh
677:10.3 (2000): pp. 57–72.
754:Celtic Literature Collective
628:. University of Wales, 1976.
491:See the summary in Breeze, "
626:Historia Peredur vab Efrawc
495:and windmills", pp. 59–61.
230:. There he is ridiculed by
806:
624:, ed. Glenys W. Goetinck,
570:Historia Peredur ab Efrawg
68:Historia Peredur ab Efrawg
775:Welsh-language literature
770:Medieval Welsh literature
673:: A Text in Transition".
554:Gantz, Jeffrey (trans.),
395:may have been based on a
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30:
285:or Aberystwyth, NLW, MS
598:Breeze, Andrew (2003).
283:White Book of Rhydderch
106:White Book of Rhydderch
31:"Peredur son of Efrawg"
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277:Manuscripts and dating
135:Peredur son of Effrawg
730:Welsh Prose 1350-1425
720:Welsh Prose 1350-1425
671:Peredur Son of Efrawg
669:Roberts, Brynley F. "
622:Peredur son of Efrawg
602:Peredur son of Efrawg
548:Ireland and the Grail
527:Ireland and the Grail
514:Ireland and the Grail
493:Peredur son of Efrawg
413:J.E. Caerwyn-Williams
318:Jesus College, Oxford
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308:Sources and analogues
185:' unfinished romance
168:Peredur son of Efrawg
690:Goetinck, Glenys W.
652:10.3 (2000): 73-92.
260:Angharad Golden-Hand
175:associated with the
173:Three Welsh Romances
121:Three Welsh Romances
95:12th or 13th century
737:Peredur vab Efrawc:
687:6 (1960/1): 138–53.
292:Red Book of Hergest
110:Red Book of Hergest
741:by Anthony M. Vitt
641:17 (2005): 135-68.
633:Peredur vab Efrawc
467:Peredur vab Efrawc
322:
183:Chrétien de Troyes
25:Peredur fab Efrawg
558:, Penguin, 1987.
340:tale. The grail (
207:, son of Efrawg (
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544:Carey, John
385:Caer Ebrauc
338:sovereignty
244:Fisher King
228:King Arthur
139:King Arthur
790:Holy Grail
785:Mabinogion
764:Categories
685:LlĂŞn Cymru
675:Arthuriana
650:Arthuriana
638:Exemplaria
482:", p. 172.
456:", p. 171.
427:References
407:character
405:Mabinogion
359:John Carey
354:Mabinogion
342:Old French
252:Gloucester
178:Mabinogion
131:Personages
125:Mabinogion
397:Brythonic
382:Brythonic
351:from the
256:Caer Loyw
240:Gornemant
236:Percival'
213:). As in
143:Gwalchmai
74:Author(s)
617:: 58–64.
546:(2007).
380:via the
378:Eboracum
320:(MS 111)
287:Peniarth
267:Percival
220:Percival
215:Chrétien
199:Synopsis
159:Angharad
82:Language
660:Peredur
646:Peredur
611:Celtica
537:Sources
501:Peredur
478:Lacy, "
452:Lacy, "
439:Lacy, "
409:Pryderi
393:Peredur
389:Nennius
367:Peredur
363:Peredur
334:Peredur
330:Peredur
205:Peredur
123:of the
119:Prose,
46:by the
44:Peredur
662:." In
572:." In
562:
465:Vitt,
271:Gawain
58:(1910)
607:(PDF)
345:graal
193:grail
147:Owain
116:Genre
560:ISBN
374:York
210:York
92:Date
48:King
635:."
250:of
232:Cei
217:'s
195:.
151:Cei
54:'s
50:in
766::
752:,
728:,
718:,
701:,
648:"
615:24
613:.
609:.
583:,
415:,
262:.
238:s
157:,
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269:(
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