1699:(1) Having taken an oath before a competent tribunal, officer, or person, in any case in which a law of the United States authorizes an oath to be administered, that he will testify, declare, depose, or certify truly, or that any written testimony, declaration, deposition, or certificate by him subscribed, is true, willfully and contrary to such oath states or subscribes any material matter which he does not believe to be true; or (2) in any declaration, certificate, verification, or statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28, United States Code, willfully subscribes as true any material matter which he does not believe to be true
1682:, establishing perjury as "a crime committed when a lawful oath is administered, in some judicial proceeding, to a person who swears willfully, absolutely, and falsely, in a matter material to the issue or point in question". The punishment for perjury under the common law has varied from death to banishment and has included such grotesque penalties as severing the tongue of the perjurer. The definitional structure of perjury provides an important framework for legal proceedings, as the component parts of this definition have permeated jurisdictional lines, finding a home in American legal constructs. As such, the main tenets of perjury, including
1584:. With time witnesses began to appear in court they were not so treated despite the fact that their functions were akin to that of modern witnesses. This was due to the fact that their role were not yet differentiated from those of the juror and so evidence or perjury by witnesses was not made a crime. Even in the 14th century, when witnesses started appearing before the jury to testify, perjury by them was not made a punishable offence. The maxim then was that every witness's evidence on oath was true. Perjury by witnesses began to be punished before the end of the 15th century by the
1740:
be proven false. However, the two statements must be so mutually incompatible that at least one must necessarily be false; it is irrelevant whether the false statement can be specifically identified from among the two. It thus falls on the government to show that a defendant (a) knowingly made a (b) false (c) material statement (d) under oath (e) in a legal proceeding. The proceedings can be ancillary to normal court proceedings, and thus, even such menial interactions as bail hearings can qualify as protected proceedings under this statute.
1069:
accurate way to state the truth. In some jurisdictions, no crime has occurred when a false statement is (intentionally or unintentionally) made while under oath or subject to penalty. Instead, criminal culpability attaches only at the instant the declarant falsely asserts the truth of statements (made or to be made) that are material to the outcome of the proceeding. It is not perjury, for example, to lie about one's age except if age is a fact material to influencing the legal result, such as eligibility for old age
1311:"The offence of perjury finds its place in law by virtue of Section 191 to Section 203 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 ('IPC'). Unlike many other countries, the offence of perjury is muted on account of Section 195 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 ("Cr.P.C"). Section 195(1)(b)(i) of the Cr.P.C. restricts any court to take cognisance of an offence of perjury unless the same is by way of a complaint in writing by the court before which the offence is committed or by a superior court."
1720:, a seminal case that set out the parameters of perjury within United States law. The court uses the Dunnigan-based legal standard to determine if an accused person: "testifying under oath or affirmation violates this section if she gives false testimony concerning a material matter with the willful intent to provide false testimony, rather than as a result of confusion, mistake, or faulty memory." However, a defendant shown to be
4068:
4077:
44:
1274:, commits perjury who, with intent to mislead, makes a false statement knowing that it is false, whether or not the false statement was made under oath or solemn affirmation in accordance with subsection (1), so long as the false statement was made in accordance with any formalities required by the law of the place outside Canada in which the person is virtually present or heard.
1369:(3) Where a statement made for the purposes of a judicial proceeding is not made before the tribunal itself, but is made on oath before a person authorised by law to administer an oath to the person who makes the statement, and to record or authenticate the statement, it shall, for the purposes of this section, be treated as having been made in a judicial proceeding.
1778:
same proceeding and recanting the statement. Though this defensive loophole slightly narrows the types of cases which may be prosecuted for perjury, the effect of this statutory defense is to promote a truthful retelling of facts by witnesses, thus helping to ensure the reliability of
American court proceedings just as broadened perjury statutes aimed to do.
1963:
1262:(1) Subject to subsection (3), every one commits perjury who, with intent to mislead, makes before a person who is authorized by law to permit it to be made before him a false statement under oath or solemn affirmation, by affidavit, solemn declaration or deposition or orally, knowing that the statement is false.
1735:
framework. Deliberation on the part of the defendant is required for a statement to constitute perjury. Jurisprudential developments in the
American law of perjury have revolved around the facilitation of "perjury prosecutions and thereby enhance the reliability of testimony before federal courts and
1764:
While courts have specifically made clear certain instances that have succeeded or failed to meet the nebulous threshold for materiality, the topic remains unresolved in large part, except in certain legal areas where intent manifests itself in an abundantly clear fashion, such as with the so-called
1743:
Wilfulness is an element of the offense. The mere existence of two mutually-exclusive factual statements is not sufficient to prove perjury; the prosecutor nonetheless has the duty to plead and prove that the statement was willfully made. Mere contradiction will not sustain the charge; there must be
1703:
The above statute provides for a fine and/or up to five years in prison as punishment. Within federal jurisdiction, statements made in two broad categories of judicial proceedings may qualify as perjurious: 1) Federal official proceedings, and 2) Federal Court or Grand Jury proceedings. A third type
1739:
With that goal in mind, Congress has sometimes expanded the grounds on which an individual may be prosecuted for perjury, with section 1623 of the United States Code recognizing the utterance of two mutually incompatible statements as grounds for perjury indictment even if neither can unequivocally
1591:
The immunity enjoyed by witnesses began also to be whittled down or interfered with by the
Parliament in England in 1540 with subornation of perjury and, in 1562, with perjury proper. The punishment for the offence then was in the nature of monetary penalty, recoverable in a civil action and not by
1189:
Australian
Capital Territory: Perjury is punishable by a fine of up to AU$ 112,000 or 7 years imprisonment or both. If perjury was committed with the intent of convicting or acquitting someone of an offence which carries a prison sentence, the maximum penalty is AU$ 224,000 or 14 years imprisonment
1068:
of fact are not perjury because people often draw inaccurate conclusions unwittingly or make honest mistakes without the intent to deceive. Individuals may have honest but mistaken beliefs about certain facts or their recollection may be inaccurate, or may have a different perception of what is the
1756:
The evolution of United States perjury law has experienced the most debate with regards to the materiality requirement. Fundamentally, statements that are literally true cannot provide the basis for a perjury charge (as they do not meet the falsehood requirement) just as answers to truly ambiguous
1443:
Section 1 applies in relation to a person acting as an intermediary as it applies in relation to a person lawfully sworn as an interpreter in a judicial proceeding; and for this purpose, where a person acts as an intermediary in any proceeding which is not a judicial proceeding for the purposes of
1359:(1) If any person lawfully sworn as a witness or as an interpreter in a judicial proceeding wilfully makes a statement material in that proceeding, which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true, he shall be guilty of perjury, and shall, on conviction thereof on indictment, be liable to
1786:
Subornation of perjury stands as a subset of US perjury laws and prohibits an individual from inducing another to commit perjury. Subornation of perjury entails equivalent possible punishments as perjury on the federal level. The crime requires an extra level of satisfactory proof, as prosecutors
1777:
Despite a tendency of US perjury law toward broad prosecutory power under perjury statutes, American perjury law has afforded potential defendants a new form of defense not found in the
British Common Law. This defense requires that an individual admit to making a perjurious statement during that
1747:
One significant legal distinction lies in the specific realm of knowledge necessarily possessed by a defendant for her statements to be properly called perjury. Though the defendant must knowingly render a false statement in a legal proceeding or under federal jurisdiction, the defendant need not
1707:
One particularly precarious aspect of the phrasing is that it entails knowledge of the accused person's perception of the truthful nature of events and not necessarily the actual truth of those events. It is important to note the distinction here, between giving a false statement under oath and
1468:
says that it appears to be immaterial whether the court before which the statement is made has jurisdiction in the particular cause in which the statement is made, because there is no express requirement in the Act that the court be one of "competent jurisdiction" and because the definition in
1303:, swears anything which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true is, whatever his nationality, guilty of perjury. Proceedings for this offence may be taken in any place in the State and the offence may for all incidental purposes be treated as having been committed in that place.
1748:
know that they are speaking under such conditions for the statement to constitute perjury. All tenets of perjury qualification persist: the "knowingly" aspect of telling the false statement simply does not apply to the defendant's knowledge about the person whose deception is intended.
1400:
a statement made by such person so sworn as aforesaid (unless the Act of
Parliament under which it was made otherwise specifically provides) shall be treated for the purposes of this section as having been made in the judicial proceeding in England for the purposes whereof it was made.
1199:, perjury is punishable by imprisonment of up to 10 years. Under Section 328, if a person commits perjury with the aim of convicting or acquitting a person charged with an offence that carries a prison sentence of 5 years or more, perjury is punishable by imprisonment of up to 14 years.
1323:. A person who commits perjury may be imprisoned for up to 7 years. If a person commits perjury to procure the conviction of someone charged with an offence that carries a maximum sentence of not less than 3 years' imprisonment, the perjurer may be imprisoned for up to 14 years.
1625:
For if it be not material, then though it be false, yet it is no perjury, because it concerneth not the point in suit, and therefore in effect it is extra-judicial. Also this act giveth remedy to the party grieved, and if the deposition be not material, he cannot be grieved
1238:
Western
Australia: Under Section 125 of the Criminal Code Act Compilation Act 1913, perjury is punishable by imprisonment of up to 14 years. If perjury was committed to convict someone of an offence that carries life imprisonment, the perjurer can be imprisoned for
1669:
of
England, which defined the act as the "willful and corrupt giving, upon a lawful oath, or in any form allowed by law to be substituted for an oath, in a judicial proceeding or course of justice, of a false testimony material to the issue or matter of inquiry".
1184:
Perjury is punishable by imprisonment in various states and territories of
Australia. In several jurisdictions, longer prison sentences are possible if perjury was committed with the intent of convicting or acquitting a person charged with a serious offence.
1730:
distinction manifests its importance with regard to the relation between two component parts of perjury's definition: in willfully giving a false statement, a person must understand that she is giving a false statement to be considered a perjurer under the
1116:. Perjury which caused the wrongful execution of another or in the pursuit of causing the wrongful execution of another is respectively construed as murder or attempted murder, and is normally itself punishable by execution in countries that retain the
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1970:
1694:
Perjury's current position in the
American legal system takes the form of state and federal statutes. Most notably, the United States Code prohibits perjury, which is defined in two senses for federal purposes as someone who:
1967:
3946:
Bryan Druzin, and Jessica Li, The Criminalization of Lying: Under what Circumstances, if any, should Lies be made Criminal?, 101 JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAW AND CRIMINOLOGY (Northwestern University) (forthcoming 2011).
1757:
statements cannot constitute perjury. However, such fundamental truths of perjury law become muddled when discerning the materiality of a given statement and the way in which it was material to the given case. In
1280:(3) Subsections (1) and (1.1) do not apply to a statement referred to in either of those subsections that is made by a person who is not specially permitted, authorized or required by law to make that statement.
1787:
must show not only that perjury occurred but also that the defendant positively induced said perjury. Furthermore, the inducing defendant must know that the suborned statement is a false, perjurious statement.
1761:, the court defined material statements as those with "a natural tendency to influence, or is capable of influencing, the decision of the decision-making body to be addressed," such as a jury or grand jury.
1704:
of perjury entails the procurement of perjurious statements from another person. More generally, the statement must occur in the "course of justice," but this definition leaves room open for interpretation.
1992:
was indicted by a federal grand jury for allegedly perjuring himself in testimony denying the use of performance-enhancing drugs. The perjury charges were later dropped after a deadlock by the trial jury.
1204:
Northern Territory: Perjury is punishable by imprisonment of up to 14 years. If perjury was committed to convict someone of an offence that carries life imprisonment, the perjurer can be imprisoned for
1210:
Queensland: Perjury is punishable by imprisonment of up to 14 years. If perjury was committed to convict someone of an offence that carries life imprisonment, the perjurer can be imprisoned for life.
1485:
of perjury might be considered to be the making of a statement, whether true or false, on oath in a judicial proceeding, where the person knows the statement to be false or believes it to be false.
1064:
cannot be considered perjury, even if they might arguably constitute an omission, and it is not perjury to lie about matters that are immaterial to the legal proceeding. Statements that entail an
3764:
1426:
Section 1(4) has effect in relation to proceedings in the Court of Justice of the European Union as it has effect in relation to a judicial proceeding in a tribunal of a foreign state.
2145:
The act or an instance of a person’s deliberately making material false or misleading statements while under oath. – Also termed false swearing; false oath; (archaically forswearing."
2055:
1769:, a specific situation in which a prosecutor calls a person to testify before a grand jury with the intent of drawing a perjurious statement from the person being questioned.
5588:
5175:
3736:
1979:
1965:
1447:
Where any statement made by a person on oath in any proceeding which is not a judicial proceeding for the purposes of section 1 is received in evidence in pursuance of a
2895:
2767:
1464:
1366:(2) The expression "judicial proceeding" includes a proceeding before any court, tribunal, or person having by law power to hear, receive, and examine evidence on oath.
1363:
for a term not exceeding seven years, or to imprisonment ... for a term not exceeding two years, or to a fine or to both such penal servitude or imprisonment and fine.
5598:
4979:
1271:
4817:
1892:
was convicted of perjury in 2005 after lying to a grand jury in 2003 about a February 2001 shooting. She was sentenced to one year and one day of imprisonment.
2601:
3838:
1686:, a lawful oath, occurring during a judicial proceeding, a false testimony have remained necessary pieces of perjury's definition in the United States.
3436:
1451:, that proceeding must be taken for the purposes of section 1 to be part of the judicial proceeding in which the statement is so received in evidence.
5286:
2585:
2569:
1436:
A statement made on oath by a witness outside the United Kingdom and given in evidence through a live television link by virtue of section 32 of the
5722:
5068:
3990:
2017:
1249:
5330:
5142:
1420:
1300:
1005:
5298:
5220:
5112:
3623:
1879:, American government official who was accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950.
5583:
5205:
5170:
3955:
3926:
2847:
1660:
1523:
1404:(6) The question whether a statement on which perjury is assigned was material is a question of law to be determined by the court of trial.
2252:
1389:(5) Where, for the purposes of a judicial proceeding in England, a person is lawfully sworn under the authority of an Act of Parliament—
5200:
1940:
1678:
5765:
4810:
2922:
2665:
2235:
2227:
1596:
1416:
5025:
4989:
4933:
3514:
2051:
2031:
5439:
3708:
2749:
2733:
5558:
4971:
4667:
4589:
1096:. A person convicted of perjury is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years, or to a fine, or to both. In the
641:
405:
3737:"Impeachment: the overview -- Clinton impeached; he faces a senate trial, 2d in history; vows to do job till term's 'last hour'"
1396:(b) before a British tribunal or a British officer in a foreign country, or within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty of England;
5276:
2827:
5623:
5424:
4924:
3963:
1996:
877:
130:
2528:
3570:
1644:
5355:
5281:
4803:
2681:
2453:
1856:
887:
2403:
2303:
1648:
1444:
section 1, that proceeding must be taken to be part of the judicial proceeding in which the witness's evidence is given.
5360:
4960:
3983:
2503:
2428:
2378:
2353:
2328:
2278:
1512:
A person convicted of perjury is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years, or to a fine, or to both.
962:
871:
3857:
2478:
1440:
must be treated for the purposes of section 1 as having been made in the proceedings in which it is given in evidence.
1276:(2) Subsection (1) applies, whether or not a statement referred to in that subsection is made in a judicial proceeding.
5527:
5319:
5108:
5073:
5015:
4928:
2027:
2007:
3954:
and Scott Wells, The "Blue Wall of Silence" as Evidence of Bias and Motive to Lie: A New Approach to Police Perjury,
1127:
even if the person has not been sworn or affirmed as a witness before an appropriate official. An example is the US
5770:
5760:
5489:
5155:
5090:
5079:
4354:
4093:
1708:
merely misstating a fact accidentally, but the distinction can be especially difficult to discern in court of law.
1501:
1430:
998:
561:
209:
1592:
penal sanction. In 1613, the Star Chamber declared perjury by a witness to be a punishable offence at common law.
5165:
2717:
2211:
2151:
1916:
1870:
1437:
1409:
855:
1448:
5444:
5314:
5238:
4905:
4900:
2059:
2041:
2023:
2003:
902:
125:
31:
1379:(b) in a British tribunal lawfully constituted in any place by sea or land outside His Majesty’s dominions; or
3411:
1386:
shall, for the purposes of this section, be treated as a statement made in a judicial proceeding in England.
5409:
5303:
5100:
5030:
4949:
4469:
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3976:
3440:
2097:
1164:
1081:
720:
1849:
athlete, was sentenced to 6 months' imprisonment after being found guilty of two counts of perjury in 2008.
5608:
5350:
5035:
4785:
4770:
4581:
4571:
4192:
3272:
2552:
2102:
1946:
1255:
1230:
1216:
1168:
1080:
Perjury is considered a serious offence, as it can be used to usurp the power of the courts, resulting in
892:
631:
621:
307:
105:
58:
5648:
1033:
to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters material to an official proceeding.
5573:
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5449:
5293:
5104:
5053:
5020:
4566:
4329:
3713:
3602:
2117:
2010:
on 19 December 1998. No criminal charges were ever brought and upon leaving office he accepted immunity.
1145:
1132:
1105:
991:
912:
616:
536:
2835:
2701:
1372:(4) A statement made by a person lawfully sworn in England for the purposes of a judicial proceeding—
1092:
and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. Perjury is a statutory offence in
5593:
5563:
5137:
5132:
5116:
4826:
4657:
4576:
4561:
4455:
3912:
3463:
2556:
1580:
In Anglo-Saxon legal procedure, the offence of perjury could only be committed by both jurors and by
706:
626:
611:
395:
2188:
2161:
5618:
5376:
5335:
5228:
4984:
4920:
4915:
4747:
4123:
4011:
2589:
2573:
1533:
1489:
1423:) may be proceeded against and punished in England and Wales as for an offence under section 1(1).
1267:
850:
238:
190:
120:
110:
3637:
2925:
2615:
1120:. Perjury is considered a felony in most U.S. states. However, prosecutions for perjury are rare.
5700:
5365:
5248:
5195:
4910:
4865:
4855:
4840:
4672:
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4617:
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4047:
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3598:
3575:
3468:
2037:
1673:
1332:
1288:
1113:
1089:
1030:
954:
771:
761:
410:
390:
342:
323:
253:
150:
5063:
4515:
2855:
792:
4775:
3659:
2256:
1266:(1.1) Subject to subsection (3), every person who gives evidence under subsection 46(2) of the
5638:
5568:
5271:
5127:
5046:
4677:
4168:
4133:
2215:
2082:
1830:
1721:
1617:
The requirement that the statement be material can be traced back to and has been credited to
1348:
1093:
933:
907:
415:
283:
248:
3490:
2689:
2685:
1429:
Section 1(4) applies in relation to proceedings before a relevant convention court under the
5745:
5613:
5504:
5454:
5325:
5261:
5122:
4733:
4441:
4379:
4274:
2819:
2203:
2077:
2047:
1975:
1826:
1636:
1606:
1352:
882:
840:
835:
692:
586:
481:
176:
3509:
2980:
2823:
2640:
2207:
1602:
An Act for the Punyshement of suche persones as shall procure or comit any wyllful Perjurye
5750:
5309:
5190:
5180:
4888:
4850:
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4633:
4309:
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4042:
3951:
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2147:
2112:
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1846:
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1320:
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371:
330:
228:
166:
156:
96:
81:
3819:
2831:
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2721:
2705:
2669:
1640:
3874:
3116:
3028:
2943:
1131:
return, which, by law, must be signed as true and correct under penalty of perjury (see
5755:
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5643:
5578:
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5479:
5474:
5404:
5386:
5345:
5233:
5147:
5041:
4999:
4845:
4717:
4712:
4506:
4198:
4052:
3843:
2960:
2107:
2072:
2030:(CIA), has been accused of lying to Congress during his 2007 testimony about the CIA's
1936:
1912:
1813:
1809:
1800:
1270:, or gives evidence or a statement pursuant to an order made under section 22.2 of the
1074:
938:
896:
455:
450:
313:
5739:
5603:
5058:
4860:
4451:
4349:
4153:
4103:
1905:
1886:
1843:
1171:, which is attempting to induce another person to commit perjury, is itself a crime.
1117:
1097:
702:
556:
268:
218:
3346:
1149:
5690:
5676:
5499:
4757:
4692:
4682:
4299:
4188:
4173:
2379:"Crimes Act 1900 - Sect 328 Perjury with intent to procure conviction or acquittal"
2013:
1999:
1920:
1899:
1852:
1839:
1766:
1585:
943:
506:
430:
420:
303:
288:
200:
51:
3791:
2239:
2231:
1136:
3891:
3681:
4954:
4662:
4463:
4459:
4369:
4118:
4076:
4032:
2809:. Thirteenth Edition. Oxford University Press. 2011. Section 4.1.5.2 at page 50.
1989:
1895:
1882:
1618:
1581:
958:
714:
710:
576:
400:
233:
162:
86:
2016:, British journalist and political aide, was cleared of perjury charges in the
5714:
5681:
5658:
5469:
5399:
5185:
4882:
4752:
4540:
4421:
4416:
4294:
4178:
4158:
4148:
4128:
4082:
4072:
4057:
4027:
2783:. Thirteenth Edition. Oxford University Press. 2011. Section 4.1.4 at page 49.
2189:
s 132, as amended by RSC 1985, c 27 (1st Supp), s 17 and SC 1998, c 35, s 119.
2157:
2122:
1930:
1876:
1820:
1803:
1666:
1481:
1128:
1070:
1056:
1037:
979:
865:
817:
672:
667:
501:
293:
273:
263:
243:
195:
115:
68:
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5633:
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5429:
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1859:
807:
802:
776:
745:
735:
697:
591:
571:
511:
486:
460:
440:
425:
43:
3945:
2559:, as amended by RSC 1985, c 27 (1st Supp.), s 17, and SC 1999, c 18, s. 92.
27:
Act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth
4780:
3960:
3060:
2044:(NSA), had told Congress in 2012 that "we don't hold data on US citizens".
5666:
5628:
5532:
5434:
4894:
4642:
4612:
4535:
4479:
4431:
4406:
4388:
4324:
4289:
4260:
4242:
4237:
4220:
4183:
4163:
3796:
3541:
1873:. This was one of the seminal occurrences of perjury by a police officer.
1816:
1683:
1433:
as it applies to a judicial proceeding in a tribunal of a foreign state.
1408:
The words omitted from section 1(1) were repealed by section 1(2) of the
1160:
1046:
928:
860:
812:
766:
730:
682:
657:
595:
531:
496:
380:
357:
352:
335:
298:
278:
75:
1898:, was convicted in 2007 of two counts of perjury in connection with the
1100:, the general perjury statute under federal law classifies perjury as a
5548:
5522:
5414:
5210:
5160:
4994:
4795:
4742:
4552:
4520:
4489:
4436:
4411:
4359:
4339:
4334:
4314:
4284:
4247:
4232:
4143:
4108:
3510:"Reform The Police: TESTILYING: POLICE PERJURY AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT"
1950:
1139:). Federal tax law provides criminal penalties of up to three years in
845:
797:
740:
687:
662:
566:
546:
541:
521:
491:
362:
347:
258:
223:
185:
17:
5152:
Attempting to choke, &c. in order to commit any indictable offence
5266:
4647:
4474:
4344:
4203:
4037:
2087:
1909:
1889:
1140:
1101:
1085:
725:
551:
385:
318:
146:
3927:
Lock Him Up? Lawmakers Renew Calls for James Clapper Perjury Charges
1469:
section 1(2) does not appear to require this by implication either.
1291:
and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years.
1123:
The rules for perjury also apply when a person has made a statement
3839:
Michael Hayden: The Nation's Biggest Liar, or Unassailable Patriot?
5419:
5394:
4374:
4319:
4269:
4000:
2763:
2761:
2062:
does not collect any type of data at all on millions of Americans.
1961:
1833:
1665:
Perjury operates in American law as an inherited principle of the
1156:
581:
526:
476:
3968:
3062:
False Statements and Perjury: An Overview of Federal Criminal Law
2885:(London: Cambridge University Press, 1964) (18th edition), p.421.
1939:, Scottish politician, found guilty of lying on affirmation in a
5671:
5340:
5256:
4697:
4426:
3685:
2796:. Second Edition. Sweet & Maxwell. 1965. p. 509 footnote 12.
1866:
1600:
1595:
Prior to the 1911 Act, perjury was governed by section 3 of the
1026:
948:
677:
435:
4799:
3972:
2586:
Court of Justice of the European Communities (Perjury) Act 1975
2570:
Court of Justice of the European Communities (Perjury) Act 1975
1806:, was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment in 1999 for perjury.
1716:
The development of perjury law in the United States centers on
3546:
3415:
3388:
3356:
1823:, was sentenced to 4 years' imprisonment for perjury in 2001.
3913:"Lawmakers to Obama: Fire your intelligence chief for lying"
3522:. Boulder, Colorado: University of Colorado Law School: 1037
2899:. 1999. Paragraph 28-160 at page 2303. They cite 3 Inst 167.
1104:
and provides for a prison sentence of up to five years. The
2928:. This passage is quoted by Smith, J. C, and Hogan, Brian,
1319:
Punishment for perjury is defined under Section 109 of the
3709:"Barry Bonds case: Court to rehear home-run king's appeal"
2602:"Case law showing how seriously perjury is taken in India"
1572:
See also the Crown Prosecution Service sentencing manual.
1985:
Notable people who have been accused of perjury include:
1415:
A person guilty of an offence under section 11(1) of the
1254:
The offence of perjury is codified by section 132 of the
1040:
system, to be convicted of perjury one must have had the
2020:, because his questioned testimony was ruled immaterial.
1459:
The definition in section 1(2) is not "comprehensive".
3682:"Barry Bonds indicted on perjury, obstruction charges"
3305:
United States Code, Title 18, Part 1, Section 1623 (d)
3147:
United States Code, Title 18, Part 1, Section 1623 (c)
3000:
A System of Penal Law for the United States of America
2912:. Sweet & Maxwell. 1965. Second Edition. Page 506.
1949:, British highwayman, known for his death while being
1143:
for violation of the tax return perjury statute. See:
2429:"Criminal Code 1899 - Sect 124 Punishment of perjury"
1915:, in 2009 was found guilty of perjury in relation to
1869:
to a perjury charge relating to his testimony in the
3792:"Andy Coulson cleared of perjury as trial collapses"
1744:
strong corroborative evidence of the contradiction.
1393:(a) in any other part of His Majesty’s dominions; or
5657:
5589:
Assaulting a constable in the execution of his duty
5541:
5513:
5385:
5247:
5219:
5176:
Assaulting a constable in the execution of his duty
5089:
5008:
4970:
4942:
4874:
4833:
4732:
4632:
4599:
4550:
4504:
4398:
4258:
4092:
4020:
1073:benefits or whether a person was of an age to have
3956:59 University of Pittsburgh Law Review 233 (1998).
3892:"Has James Clapper been indicted for perjury yet?"
3319:United States Code, Title 18, Part 1, Section 1622
3014:United States Code, Title 18, Part 1, Section 1621
2932:(Sweet & Maxwell, 1965) (2nd Edition), p. 506.
2329:"Criminal Code 2002 - Sect 702 Aggravated perjury"
1376:(a) in another part of His Majesty’s dominions; or
5584:Assault with intent to resist lawful apprehension
5171:Assault with intent to resist lawful apprehension
2896:Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice
2768:Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice
1724:may in fact be eligible for perjury prosecution.
3289:Gershman, Bennett (1981). "The "Perjury Trap"".
3068:. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service
2529:"Criminal Code Act Compilation Act 1913 - Notes"
2454:"Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 - Sect 242"
1258:. It is defined by section 131, which provides:
1233:is punishable by imprisonment of up to 15 years.
2354:"Crimes Act 1900 - Sect 327 Offence of perjury"
2304:"Legislation Act 2001 - Sect 133 Penalty units"
1697:
1623:
1357:
1272:Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act
1260:
1250:b:Canadian Criminal Sentencing/Offences/Perjury
1219:is punishable by imprisonment of up to 7 years.
1647:(S.I. 1979/1714 (N.I. 19)). This replaces the
4811:
3984:
3464:"Judge Sentences Jones to 6 Months in Prison"
2981:"Perjury Under Federal Law: A Brief Overview"
2974:
2972:
2008:was impeached by the House of Representatives
1287:Everyone who commits perjury is guilty of an
1025:) is the intentional act of swearing a false
999:
8:
3765:"Exiting Job, Clinton Accepts Immunity Deal"
3599:"Q&A: Madoff Case Puts Spotlight on SEC"
3088:United States v. Dunnigan 507 U.S. 87 (1993)
2877:
2875:
2873:
2750:Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999
2734:Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999
2255:. Criminal Law Lawyer Source. Archived from
1088:, those who commit perjury are guilty of an
3961:Perjury Under Federal Law: A Brief Overview
3223:United States v. Yermian 468 U.S. 63 (1984)
3189:United States v. Greene 355 U.S. 184 (1957)
3161:United States v. McAfee 971 F.2d 755 (1992)
4818:
4804:
4796:
3991:
3977:
3969:
1929:, convicted of perjury related to a bogus
1195:New South Wales: Under Section 327 of the
1006:
992:
38:
3858:To reform the NSA, fire officials who lie
3347:"UK Politics: Aitken's downfall complete"
3133:Dunn v. United States 480 U.S. 294 (1987)
1224:Tasmania: Perjury is a crime in Tasmania.
5138:Wounding or causing grievous bodily harm
3660:"Tommy Sheridan found guilty of perjury"
2965:. Oxford Printed at the Clarendon Press.
2533:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2508:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2483:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2458:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2433:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2408:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2383:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2358:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2333:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2308:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2283:Australasian Legal Information Institute
2018:News International phone hacking scandal
3491:"Mark Fuhrman's perjury probation ends"
3204:, 388 Michigan Reports 153 (1972). See
2620:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
2279:"Criminal Code 2002 - Sect 703 Perjury"
2177:
2134:
2054:, was accused of perjury for telling a
1382:(c) in a tribunal of any foreign state,
1351:. It is created by section 1(1) of the
971:
920:
825:
784:
753:
649:
603:
468:
370:
208:
175:
138:
94:
57:
50:
5331:Preventing the lawful burial of a body
5143:Assault occasioning actual bodily harm
3820:What Happens When You Lie To Congress?
2770:. 1999. Paragraph 28-159 at page 2303.
2479:"Criminal Code 1924 - Sect 94 Perjury"
1421:Court of Justice of the European Union
1301:Court of Justice of the European Union
1284:As to corroboration, see section 133.
5299:Incitement to ethnic or racial hatred
3597:Brockman, Joshua (17 December 2008).
3333:Rosen v. N.L.R.B. 735 F.2d 564 (1984)
2404:"Criminal Code Act 1983 - Schedule 1"
1645:Perjury (Northern Ireland) Order 1979
7:
5206:Offences Against the Person Act 1861
3735:Alison Mitchell (20 December 1998).
3412:"Detroit mayor faces felony charges"
2682:Evidence (European Court) Order 1976
2504:"Crimes Act 1958 - Sect 314 Perjury"
2198:
2196:
2183:
2181:
1661:United States free speech exceptions
3707:Mintz, Howard (18 September 2014).
3508:Slobogin, Christopher (Fall 1996).
1679:Commentaries on the Laws of England
1649:Perjury Act (Northern Ireland) 1946
1163:and several other English-speaking
3571:"Lewis "Scooter" Libby conviction"
2962:Commentaries on the Law of England
1635:Perjury is a statutory offence in
1597:Maintenance and Embracery Act 1540
1556:EWCA Crim 1996, 1 Cr App R (S) 86
1515:The following cases are relevant:
1347:Perjury is a statutory offence in
25:
3515:University of Colorado Law Review
2052:Director of National Intelligence
2032:enhanced interrogation techniques
1836:was convicted of perjury in 2008.
5599:Encouraging or assisting a crime
5559:Perverting the course of justice
4980:Encouraging or assisting a crime
4590:Perverting the course of justice
4075:
4066:
4014:. Not all types are listed here.
3763:Neil A Lewis (20 January 2000).
3410:Chris Lawrence (24 March 2008).
1050:) to commit the act and to have
642:Perverting the course of justice
42:
5723:History of English criminal law
5614:Obstruction of a police officer
5277:Fear or provocation of violence
4330:Intellectual property violation
3462:Lynn Zinser (12 January 2008).
2908:Smith, J. C, and Hogan, Brian.
2792:Smith, J. C. and Hogan, Brian.
1355:. Section 1 of that Act reads:
537:Intellectual property violation
5624:Refusing to assist a constable
5440:Taking without owner's consent
3964:Congressional Research Service
3636:. 7 April 1980. Archived from
3102:United States v. Fawley (1998)
3059:Doyle, Charles (11 May 2018).
2985:Congressional Research Service
2883:Kenny Outlines on Criminal Law
2807:Smith and Hogan's Criminal Law
2781:Smith and Hogan's Criminal Law
2002:was accused of perjury in the
1676:touched on the subject in his
1036:Like most other crimes in the
1:
5644:Fabrication of false evidence
5356:Misconduct in a public office
5282:Harassment, alarm or distress
4856:Regulatory (lowered mens rea)
3291:Pace Law Faculty Publications
3046:The Language of Perjury Cases
2666:European Communities Act 1972
2156:(7th ed.). St. Paul MN:
2040:, the former director of the
2026:, the former director of the
1919:arising from his operating a
1908:, the former Chairman of the
1871:murder trial of O. J. Simpson
1857:Los Angeles Police Department
1417:European Communities Act 1972
1215:South Australia: Perjury and
5361:Misfeasance in public office
4961:Ignorantia juris non excusat
3542:"Lil' Kim Sentenced To Jail"
3437:"Mayor: 'I lied under oath'"
2959:Blackstone, William (1765).
2828:Magistrates' Courts Act 1980
1978:'s testimony to Congress on
1060:). Further, statements that
872:Ignorantia juris non excusat
5528:Cheating the public revenue
5320:Effecting a public mischief
5166:Assault with intent to rape
3379:"Archer jailed for perjury"
3255:United States v. Richardson
2998:Livingston, Edward (1828).
2028:Central Intelligence Agency
1791:Notable convicted perjurers
1175:Perjury law by jurisdiction
1108:allows for perjury to be a
5787:
5604:Escape from lawful custody
5490:Fraud by abuse of position
5156:Assault with intent to rob
5080:Category:Criminal defences
4355:Possessing stolen property
3915:. MSNBC. 27 February 2014.
3208:, 232 Mich App 71 (1998),
3048:. Oxford University Press.
2948:. West Publishing Company.
1658:
1601:
1542:(1990) 12 Cr App R (S) 297
1502:triable only on indictment
1449:special measures direction
1431:European Patent Convention
1330:
1247:
562:Possessing stolen property
210:Offense against the person
29:
5766:Abuse of the legal system
5720:For obsolete aspects see
5709:
5455:Misappropriation of funds
5387:Offences against property
5069:Diminished responsibility
4767:
4064:
4007:
3624:"Nation: Account Settled"
3238:Bronston v. United States
3118:Hand-Book of Criminal Law
3030:Hand-Book of Criminal Law
2945:Hand-Book of Criminal Law
2718:Criminal Justice Act 1988
2212:Criminal Justice Act 1948
1980:NSA surveillance programs
1718:United States v. Dunnigan
1605:; repealed 1967) and the
1438:Criminal Justice Act 1988
1419:(i.e. perjury before the
1410:Criminal Justice Act 1948
1299:A person who, before the
856:Diminished responsibility
650:Crimes against the public
5542:Offences against justice
5315:Outraging public decency
5239:Sexual Offences Act 2003
5040:inc. participation in a
4950:Lesser included offences
4906:Intention in English law
4901:Intention (criminal law)
4454:(such as prohibition of
2060:National Security Agency
2058:in March 2013, that the
2042:National Security Agency
2004:Clinton-Lewinsky scandal
1125:under penalty of perjury
785:Crimes against the state
705:(such as prohibition of
32:Perjury (disambiguation)
3662:. BBC. 23 December 2010
3175:United States v. Gorman
3115:cLARK, William (1894).
3027:Clark, William (1894).
2979:Doyle, Charles (2010).
2942:Clark, William (1894).
2557:RSC 1985, c C-46, s 131
2098:Making false statements
2056:congressional committee
1082:miscarriages of justice
469:Crimes against property
159:(also called violation)
5659:Other common law areas
5609:Obstruction of justice
5351:Accessory (legal term)
5113:Corporate manslaughter
4572:Miscarriage of justice
3273:United States v. Brown
3210:rev’d on other grounds
2153:Black's Law Dictionary
2103:Obstruction of justice
1982:
1958:Allegations of perjury
1782:Subornation of perjury
1773:Defense of recantation
1759:United States v. Brown
1701:
1628:
1532:, 6 Cr App R (S) 31,
1406:
1282:
1231:subornation of perjury
1229:Victoria: Perjury and
1217:subornation of perjury
1169:subornation of perjury
1155:In the United States,
921:Other common-law areas
754:Crimes against animals
622:Miscarriage of justice
604:Crimes against justice
5574:Misprision of treason
5495:Conspiracy to defraud
5450:Handling stolen goods
5294:Public Order Act 1986
5249:Public order offences
4567:Malfeasance in office
4010:Note: Crimes vary by
3714:San Jose Mercury News
3603:National Public Radio
3276:, 381 U.S. 437 (1965)
3257:, 418 U.S. 166 (1974)
3240:, 409 U.S. 352 (1973)
3121:. West Publishing Co.
3033:. West Publishing Co.
2216:sections 1(1) and (2)
2118:Statutory declaration
1973:
1896:Lewis "Scooter" Libby
1690:Statutory definitions
1106:California Penal Code
827:Defenses to liability
617:Malfeasance in office
5594:Harboring a fugitive
5564:Witness intimidation
5514:Forgery, personation
5133:Concealment of birth
4827:English criminal law
4658:Cybersex trafficking
4422:Censorship violation
3875:Put the NSA on trial
3864:. 25 September 2013.
3212:461 Mich 147 (1999).
3044:Shuy, Roger (2011).
2858:on 23 September 2015
2259:on 22 September 2017
673:Censorship violation
396:Cybersex trafficking
30:For other uses, see
5649:Rescuing a prisoner
5619:Wasting police time
5377:Dereliction of duty
5336:Breach of the peace
5054:Prevention of crime
4916:Criminal negligence
4452:Illegal consumption
4124:Criminal negligence
3847:. 10 December 2014.
3828:. 10 December 2014.
2604:. 18 February 2020.
1953:for perjury in 1732
1639:. It is created by
1455:Judicial proceeding
1268:Canada Evidence Act
851:Defense of property
703:Illegal consumption
239:Criminal negligence
139:Severity of offense
5715:English law portal
5701:Criminal procedure
5366:Abuse of authority
5196:False imprisonment
5047:Medical procedures
4875:Elements of crimes
4653:Child sexual abuse
4618:Wildlife smuggling
4608:Cruelty to animals
4399:Against the public
4228:Negligent homicide
4139:False imprisonment
4094:Against the person
3770:The New York Times
3742:The New York Times
3688:. 19 November 2007
3576:The New York Times
3469:The New York Times
2645:legislation.gov.uk
2641:"Perjury Act 1911"
2038:Keith B. Alexander
1983:
1722:willfully ignorant
1674:William Blackstone
1333:Perjury in Nigeria
1289:indictable offence
1114:wrongful execution
1090:indictable offence
1052:actually committed
772:Wildlife smuggling
762:Cruelty to animals
391:Child sexual abuse
343:Negligent homicide
254:False imprisonment
151:Indictable offense
95:Scope of criminal
5771:Negative Mitzvoth
5761:Legal terminology
5733:
5732:
5639:Contempt of court
5569:Witness tampering
5287:intent aggravates
5272:Unlawful assembly
5128:Child destruction
4972:Inchoate offences
4834:Classes of crimes
4793:
4792:
4776:Wikimedia Commons
4734:Inchoate offenses
4678:Indecent exposure
4169:Human trafficking
4134:Domestic violence
3933:17 November 2016.
3206:People v McIntire
2881:Turner, J. W. C.
2684:(S.I. 1976/428),
2616:"Crimes Act 1961"
2083:Forced confession
1971:
1568:2 Cr App R (S) 61
1562:2 Cr App R (S) 15
1548:2 Cr App R (S) 27
1349:England and Wales
1343:England and Wales
1112:in cases causing
1094:England and Wales
1029:or falsifying an
1016:
1015:
416:Indecent exposure
284:Human trafficking
249:Domestic violence
177:Inchoate offenses
16:(Redirected from
5778:
5505:Webcam blackmail
5326:disorderly house
5262:Violent disorder
5123:Unlawful killing
5091:Offences against
4929:Strict liability
4820:
4813:
4806:
4797:
4442:Ethnic cleansing
4380:Trespass to land
4275:Arms trafficking
4085:
4080:
4079:
4070:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3970:
3934:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3888:
3882:
3871:
3865:
3854:
3848:
3835:
3829:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3678:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3640:on 13 March 2007
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3439:. Archived from
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3213:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3004:
3003:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2976:
2967:
2966:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2939:
2933:
2919:
2913:
2906:
2900:
2892:
2886:
2879:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2854:. Archived from
2844:
2838:
2834:and Schedule 1,
2820:Perjury Act 1911
2816:
2810:
2805:Ormerod, David.
2803:
2797:
2790:
2784:
2779:Ormerod, David.
2777:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2746:
2740:
2730:
2724:
2714:
2708:
2702:Patents Act 1977
2698:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2670:section 11(1)(a)
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2592:
2582:
2576:
2566:
2560:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2249:
2243:
2224:
2218:
2204:Perjury Act 1911
2200:
2191:
2185:
2166:
2165:
2148:Garner, Bryan A.
2139:
2078:False confession
2048:James R. Clapper
2006:and as a result
1972:
1917:investment fraud
1827:Kwame Kilpatrick
1651:(c. 13) (N.I.).
1637:Northern Ireland
1631:Northern Ireland
1607:Perjury Act 1728
1604:
1603:
1353:Perjury Act 1911
1152:
1008:
1001:
994:
965:
836:Actual innocence
693:Ethnic cleansing
587:Trespass to land
482:Arms trafficking
46:
39:
21:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5705:
5653:
5537:
5515:
5509:
5425:Criminal damage
5381:
5310:Public nuisance
5243:
5221:Sexual offences
5215:
5191:Child abduction
5092:
5085:
5031:Loss of control
5004:
4966:
4938:
4870:
4829:
4824:
4794:
4789:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4708:Sex trafficking
4634:Sexual offenses
4628:
4627:
4626:
4600:Against animals
4595:
4594:
4593:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4310:False pretenses
4254:
4253:
4252:
4216:Preterintention
4088:
4081:
4074:
4071:
4062:
4016:
4003:
3997:
3952:Gabriel J. Chin
3942:
3937:
3924:
3920:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3881:. 11 June 2013.
3872:
3868:
3855:
3851:
3836:
3832:
3817:
3813:
3803:
3801:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3775:
3773:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3747:
3745:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3719:
3717:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3691:
3689:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3665:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3643:
3641:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3607:
3605:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3581:
3579:
3569:Dowd, Maureen.
3568:
3567:
3563:
3553:
3551:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3474:
3472:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3446:
3444:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3420:
3418:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3394:
3392:
3384:BBC News Online
3377:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3352:BBC News Online
3345:
3344:
3340:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3200:
3196:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2920:
2916:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2889:
2880:
2871:
2861:
2859:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2836:paragraph 14(a)
2817:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2787:
2778:
2774:
2766:
2759:
2747:
2743:
2731:
2727:
2715:
2711:
2699:
2695:
2688:, as read with
2679:
2675:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2583:
2579:
2567:
2563:
2551:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2462:
2460:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2260:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2225:
2221:
2201:
2194:
2187:Criminal Code,
2186:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2146:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2113:Pitchess motion
2093:Lies (evidence)
2069:
1962:
1960:
1933:in August 1979.
1927:Michele Sindona
1847:track and field
1797:Jonathan Aitken
1793:
1784:
1775:
1754:
1736:grand juries".
1714:
1692:
1663:
1657:
1633:
1615:
1599:5 Eliz 1 c. 9 (
1578:
1510:
1498:
1477:
1457:
1361:penal servitude
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1321:Crimes Act 1961
1317:
1309:
1297:
1277:
1275:
1263:
1252:
1246:
1197:Crimes Act 1900
1182:
1177:
1144:
1110:capital offense
1021:(also known as
1012:
953:
517:False pretenses
446:Sex trafficking
372:Sexual offenses
331:Preterintention
167:Summary offense
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5784:
5782:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5738:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5718:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5579:Jury tampering
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5519:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5485:Fraud Act 2006
5482:
5480:Theft Act 1978
5477:
5475:Theft Act 1968
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5405:Cheating (law)
5402:
5397:
5391:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5346:Forcible entry
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5234:Sexual assault
5231:
5225:
5223:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5150:
5148:Common assault
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5097:
5095:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5042:sporting event
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5000:Common purpose
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4976:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4957:
4952:
4946:
4944:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4891:
4886:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4800:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4720:
4718:Sexual slavery
4715:
4713:Sexual assault
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4592:
4587:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4437:Hostage-taking
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4395:
4391:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4201:
4196:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4008:
4005:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3958:
3949:
3941:
3940:External links
3938:
3936:
3935:
3918:
3904:
3883:
3866:
3849:
3830:
3811:
3783:
3755:
3727:
3699:
3673:
3651:
3615:
3589:
3561:
3533:
3500:
3482:
3454:
3443:on 18 May 2015
3428:
3402:
3391:. 19 July 2001
3370:
3338:
3324:
3310:
3296:
3281:
3262:
3245:
3228:
3214:
3194:
3180:
3166:
3152:
3138:
3124:
3107:
3093:
3079:
3051:
3036:
3019:
3005:
2990:
2968:
2951:
2934:
2914:
2901:
2887:
2869:
2839:
2811:
2798:
2785:
2772:
2757:
2741:
2725:
2709:
2693:
2673:
2657:
2632:
2607:
2593:
2577:
2561:
2545:
2520:
2495:
2470:
2445:
2420:
2395:
2370:
2345:
2320:
2295:
2270:
2244:
2236:28 U.S.C.
2228:18 U.S.C.
2219:
2192:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2108:Performativity
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2073:Brady material
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2045:
2035:
2024:Michael Hayden
2021:
2011:
1997:U.S. President
1993:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1937:Tommy Sheridan
1934:
1924:
1913:stock exchange
1903:
1893:
1880:
1874:
1850:
1837:
1824:
1810:Jeffrey Archer
1807:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1753:
1750:
1713:
1710:
1691:
1688:
1656:
1653:
1632:
1629:
1614:
1611:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1566:R v Cunningham
1563:
1557:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1527:
1509:
1506:
1497:
1494:
1476:
1471:
1456:
1453:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1338:United Kingdom
1336:
1331:Main article:
1328:
1325:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1296:
1295:European Union
1293:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1150:§ 7206(1)
1133:26 U.S.C.
1075:legal capacity
1066:interpretation
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1003:
996:
988:
985:
984:
983:
982:
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
966:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
923:
922:
918:
917:
916:
915:
910:
905:
900:
890:
885:
880:
875:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
830:
829:
823:
822:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
787:
786:
782:
781:
780:
779:
774:
769:
764:
756:
755:
751:
750:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
700:
695:
690:
688:Hostage-taking
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
652:
651:
647:
646:
645:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
606:
605:
601:
600:
599:
598:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
471:
470:
466:
465:
464:
463:
458:
456:Sexual slavery
453:
451:Sexual assault
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
375:
374:
368:
367:
366:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
339:
338:
328:
327:
326:
316:
311:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
213:
212:
206:
205:
204:
203:
198:
193:
188:
180:
179:
173:
172:
171:
170:
160:
154:
141:
140:
136:
135:
134:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
100:
99:
92:
91:
90:
89:
84:
79:
72:
62:
61:
55:
54:
48:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5783:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5726:
5724:
5719:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5512:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5375:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5218:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5088:
5082:
5081:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5059:Lawful excuse
5057:
5055:
5052:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4969:
4963:
4962:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4821:
4816:
4814:
4809:
4807:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4737:
4735:
4731:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4668:Homosexuality
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4556:
4554:
4549:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4510:
4508:
4503:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4470:Miscegenation
4468:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4350:Pickpocketing
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4262:
4257:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4154:Home invasion
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4104:Assassination
4102:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4084:
4078:
4073:
4069:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4013:
4006:
4002:
3994:
3989:
3987:
3982:
3980:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3893:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3800:. 3 June 2015
3799:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3759:
3756:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3731:
3728:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3703:
3700:
3687:
3683:
3677:
3674:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3604:
3600:
3593:
3590:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3565:
3562:
3550:. 8 July 2005
3549:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3504:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3458:
3455:
3442:
3438:
3432:
3429:
3417:
3413:
3406:
3403:
3390:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3359:. 8 June 1999
3358:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3320:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3292:
3285:
3282:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3249:
3246:
3241:
3237:
3232:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3202:People v Cash
3198:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3120:
3119:
3111:
3108:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3064:
3063:
3055:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3037:
3032:
3031:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3001:
2994:
2991:
2986:
2982:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2946:
2938:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2832:section 17(1)
2829:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2754:section 31(6)
2751:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2738:section 29(7)
2735:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2722:section 32(3)
2719:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2706:section 92(5)
2703:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2553:Criminal Code
2549:
2546:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2271:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:, the former
2049:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1976:James Clapper
1957:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1941:trial in 2010
1938:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1906:Bernie Madoff
1904:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1781:
1779:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1655:United States
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1496:Mode of trial
1495:
1493:
1491:
1490:conduct crime
1488:Perjury is a
1486:
1484:
1483:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1256:Criminal Code
1251:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1118:death penalty
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1098:United States
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1009:
1004:
1002:
997:
995:
990:
989:
987:
986:
981:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
964:
960:
956:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
925:
924:
919:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
898:
894:
891:
889:
888:Justification
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
832:
831:
828:
824:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
790:
789:
788:
783:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
758:
757:
752:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Miscegenation
719:
716:
712:
708:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
654:
653:
648:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
608:
607:
602:
597:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
557:Pickpocketing
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
473:
472:
467:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
406:Homosexuality
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
377:
376:
373:
369:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
325:
322:
321:
320:
317:
315:
312:
309:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
269:Home invasion
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
219:Assassination
217:
216:
215:
214:
211:
207:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
183:
182:
181:
178:
174:
168:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
148:
145:
144:
143:
142:
137:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:
98:
93:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
77:
73:
71:
70:
66:
65:
64:
63:
60:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5721:
5713:
5553:
5516:and cheating
5500:Fare evasion
5370:
5109:Manslaughter
5078:
5074:Intoxication
5016:Self-defence
4959:
4911:Recklessness
4893:
4881:
4758:Solicitation
4693:Prostitution
4683:Masturbation
4516:Lèse-majesté
4505:Against the
4300:Embezzlement
4189:Manslaughter
4174:Intimidation
4012:jurisdiction
4009:
3930:
3921:
3907:
3895:. Retrieved
3886:
3878:
3869:
3862:The Guardian
3861:
3852:
3842:
3833:
3823:
3814:
3802:. Retrieved
3795:
3786:
3774:. Retrieved
3768:
3758:
3746:. Retrieved
3740:
3730:
3718:. Retrieved
3712:
3702:
3690:. Retrieved
3676:
3664:. Retrieved
3654:
3642:. Retrieved
3638:the original
3627:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3592:
3580:. Retrieved
3574:
3564:
3552:. Retrieved
3545:
3536:
3524:. Retrieved
3519:
3513:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3473:. Retrieved
3467:
3457:
3445:. Retrieved
3441:the original
3431:
3419:. Retrieved
3405:
3393:. Retrieved
3382:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3350:
3341:
3332:
3327:
3318:
3313:
3304:
3299:
3290:
3284:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3256:
3253:
3248:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3222:
3217:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3188:
3183:
3174:
3169:
3160:
3155:
3146:
3141:
3132:
3127:
3117:
3110:
3101:
3096:
3087:
3082:
3070:. Retrieved
3061:
3054:
3045:
3039:
3029:
3022:
3013:
3008:
2999:
2993:
2984:
2961:
2954:
2944:
2937:
2930:Criminal Law
2929:
2917:
2910:Criminal Law
2909:
2904:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2860:. Retrieved
2856:the original
2851:
2842:
2824:section 1(1)
2814:
2806:
2801:
2794:Criminal Law
2793:
2788:
2780:
2775:
2744:
2728:
2712:
2696:
2676:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2644:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2610:
2596:
2580:
2564:
2548:
2536:. Retrieved
2532:
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2507:
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2482:
2473:
2461:. Retrieved
2457:
2448:
2436:. Retrieved
2432:
2423:
2411:. Retrieved
2407:
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2382:
2373:
2361:. Retrieved
2357:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2332:
2323:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:
2298:
2286:. Retrieved
2282:
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2257:the original
2247:
2222:
2208:section 1(1)
2152:
2142:
2137:
2014:Andy Coulson
2000:Bill Clinton
1984:
1921:Ponzi scheme
1900:Plame affair
1862:, entered a
1853:Mark Fuhrman
1840:Marion Jones
1785:
1776:
1767:perjury trap
1763:
1758:
1755:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1717:
1715:
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1664:
1641:article 3(1)
1634:
1624:
1621:, who said:
1616:
1594:
1590:
1586:Star Chamber
1582:compurgators
1579:
1571:
1565:
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1551:
1545:
1539:
1529:
1524:Cr App R (S)
1519:
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1165:Commonwealth
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1023:foreswearing
1022:
1018:
1017:
913:Self-defense
870:
793:Lèse-majesté
636:
507:Embezzlement
431:Prostitution
421:Masturbation
304:Manslaughter
289:Intimidation
201:Solicitation
74:
67:
52:Criminal law
36:
5117:Infanticide
4955:Concurrence
4663:Fornication
4582:Obstruction
4562:Compounding
4370:Tax evasion
4119:Child abuse
4033:Misdemeanor
3666:23 December
3526:28 December
3447:4 September
2240:§ 1746
2232:§ 1621
1990:Barry Bonds
1974:Excerpt of
1947:John Waller
1752:Materiality
1619:Edward Coke
1613:Materiality
1500:Perjury is
1315:New Zealand
1137:§ 6065
1031:affirmation
908:Provocation
632:Obstruction
612:Compounding
577:Tax evasion
401:Fornication
234:Child abuse
163:Misdemeanor
87:Concurrence
5740:Categories
5470:Cybercrime
5400:Dishonesty
5324:Keeping a
5201:Harassment
5186:Kidnapping
5093:the person
4985:Conspiracy
4883:Actus reus
4866:Common law
4846:Either way
4841:Indictable
4771:WikiSource
4753:Incitement
4748:Conspiracy
4623:Bestiality
4577:Misprision
4541:Subversion
4495:War crimes
4490:Usurpation
4417:Corruption
4295:Cybercrime
4179:Kidnapping
4159:Hate crime
4149:Harassment
4129:Defamation
4083:Law portal
4058:Corruption
4048:Indictable
4028:Infraction
3931:U.S. News.
3072:2 December
2852:cps.gov.uk
2160:. p.
2158:West Group
2129:References
2123:Testilying
1931:kidnapping
1877:Alger Hiss
1864:no contest
1821:politician
1804:politician
1712:Precedents
1667:common law
1659:See also:
1553:R v Archer
1546:R v Dunlop
1540:R v Healey
1530:R v Knight
1482:actus reus
1474:Actus reus
1248:See also:
1129:income tax
1071:retirement
1057:actus reus
1038:common law
866:Entrapment
841:Automatism
818:Subversion
777:Bestiality
746:War crimes
741:Usurpation
668:Corruption
627:Misprision
502:Cybercrime
294:Kidnapping
274:Hate crime
264:Harassment
244:Defamation
196:Incitement
191:Conspiracy
157:Infraction
116:Complicity
111:Accomplice
69:Actus reus
5634:Espionage
5465:Extortion
5460:Blackmail
5445:Deception
5430:Squatting
5026:Necessity
4990:Accessory
4943:Doctrines
4934:Omissions
4925:Vicarious
4921:Corporate
4889:Causation
4861:Statutory
4781:Wikiquote
4723:Voyeurism
4703:Pederasty
4688:Obscenity
4531:Secession
4526:Espionage
4485:Terrorism
4447:Smuggling
4385:Vandalism
4365:Smuggling
4305:Extortion
4280:Blackmail
4193:corporate
3999:Types of
3844:Bloomberg
3804:1 October
3720:1 October
2848:"Perjury"
2690:article 2
2686:article 3
2590:section 2
2574:section 1
2253:"Perjury"
1951:pilloried
1860:detective
1560:R v Adams
1522:(1982) 4
1462:The book
1180:Australia
1167:nations,
1146:26 U.S.C.
1062:are facts
1054:the act (
1042:intention
929:Contracts
903:Necessity
808:Secession
803:Espionage
736:Terrorism
698:Smuggling
592:Vandalism
572:Smuggling
512:Extortion
487:Blackmail
461:Voyeurism
441:Pederasty
426:Obscenity
308:corporate
131:Vicarious
126:Principal
121:Corporate
106:Accessory
97:liability
82:Causation
5696:Evidence
5677:Property
5667:Contract
5629:Sedition
5533:Uttering
5435:Trespass
5410:Burglary
5308:Causing
5304:Nuisance
5101:Homicide
5064:Insanity
5009:Defences
4895:Mens rea
4786:Wikinews
4643:Adultery
4613:Poaching
4551:Against
4536:Sedition
4480:Regicide
4432:Genocide
4407:Apostasy
4389:Mischief
4325:Gambling
4290:Burglary
4261:property
4259:Against
4243:Stabbing
4238:Stalking
4221:Homicide
4184:Menacing
4164:Homicide
3797:BBC News
3776:17 March
3748:10 April
3692:20 March
3644:21 March
3582:21 March
3554:17 March
3475:17 March
3421:17 March
3395:17 March
3363:17 March
2625:24 April
2538:24 April
2513:24 April
2488:24 April
2463:24 April
2438:24 April
2413:24 April
2388:24 April
2363:24 April
2338:24 April
2313:24 April
2288:24 April
2263:3 August
2150:(1999).
2067:See also
1887:American
1883:Lil' Kim
1844:American
1817:novelist
1733:Dunnigan
1728:Dunnigan
1684:mens rea
1626:thereby.
1520:R v Hall
1508:Sentence
1465:Archbold
1190:or both.
1161:Scotland
1047:mens rea
944:Property
939:Evidence
934:Defenses
883:Insanity
813:Sedition
767:Poaching
731:Regicide
683:Genocide
658:Apostasy
596:Mischief
532:Gambling
497:Burglary
381:Adultery
358:Stabbing
353:Stalking
336:Homicide
299:Menacing
279:Homicide
76:Mens rea
59:Elements
5746:Perjury
5691:estates
5554:Perjury
5549:Bribery
5523:Forgery
5415:Robbery
5373:of oath
5371:Perjury
5211:Treason
5181:Battery
5161:Robbery
5036:Consent
4995:Attempt
4851:Summary
4743:Attempt
4586:Perjury
4553:justice
4521:Treason
4464:smoking
4460:alcohol
4427:Dueling
4412:Begging
4360:Robbery
4340:Looting
4335:Larceny
4315:Forgery
4285:Bribery
4248:Torture
4233:Robbery
4191: (
4144:Frameup
4114:Battery
4109:Assault
4043:Summary
4021:Classes
3897:18 July
2862:24 July
2650:24 July
2143:Perjury
1995:Former
1831:Detroit
1814:British
1801:British
1643:of the
1576:History
1536:304, CA
1534:Crim LR
1327:Nigeria
1019:Perjury
972:Portals
963:estates
895: (
893:Mistake
878:Infancy
846:Consent
798:Treason
715:smoking
711:alcohol
678:Dueling
663:Begging
637:Perjury
567:Robbery
547:Looting
542:Larceny
522:Forgery
492:Bribery
363:Torture
348:Robbery
306: (
259:Frameup
229:Battery
224:Assault
186:Attempt
18:Perjure
5751:Crimes
5687:Trusts
5267:Affray
5105:Murder
5021:Duress
4673:Incest
4648:Bigamy
4475:Piracy
4462:, and
4345:Payola
4209:felony
4204:Murder
4199:Mayhem
4053:Hybrid
4038:Felony
3608:26 May
2826:; the
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2210:; the
2088:Horkos
1910:NASDAQ
1890:rapper
1244:Canada
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1141:prison
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1102:felony
1086:Canada
959:trusts
897:of law
861:Duress
726:Piracy
713:, and
552:Payola
411:Incest
386:Bigamy
324:felony
319:Murder
314:Mayhem
147:Felony
5756:Lying
5725:table
5682:Wills
5420:Theft
5395:Arson
4507:state
4456:drugs
4375:Theft
4320:Fraud
4270:Arson
4001:crime
3879:Salon
3066:(PDF)
2226:See:
2173:Notes
1834:mayor
1307:India
1239:life.
1205:life.
1157:Kenya
1084:. In
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949:Torts
707:drugs
582:Theft
527:Fraud
477:Arson
5689:and
5672:Tort
5341:Rout
5257:Riot
5229:Rape
4698:Rape
3899:2017
3825:Time
3806:2015
3778:2010
3750:2010
3722:2015
3694:2010
3686:ESPN
3668:2010
3646:2010
3634:Time
3629:Time
3610:2009
3584:2010
3556:2010
3528:2012
3477:2010
3449:2008
3423:2010
3397:2010
3365:2010
3074:2018
2923:Inst
2864:2015
2818:The
2748:The
2732:The
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2700:The
2680:The
2664:The
2652:2015
2627:2022
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