463:) Lemur Red List reassessment meeting in Antananarivo in 2012. While selective logging still seems to be one of the main threads in Analamerana special reserve, deforestation for slash and burn agriculture and for charcoal production is predominant in Andrafiamena-Andavakoera protected area. Given the small total population size, persistence of local threats, and the paucity of wildlife patrols, an appraisal of its population levels and an effective control of habitat loss are urgently needed. This requires a unified regional management plan, since the species’ natural range and potential areas of migration/seasonal presence overlap with three areas of different protective status, independently managed by Madagascar National Parks (Analamerana and Ankarana) and Fanamby (Andrafiamena). Given the diverse group of stakeholders involved (e.g. park services, ministries, universities, tour operators, local businesses, farmers, etc.),
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period of the offspring and increase the chance of survival for the mother, which does not have to expend energy and time to raise her offspring. Most females do not place much effort into individual offspring, as half of sifaka infants die before the age of one. Infants become independent at the age of two and reach sexual maturity at the age of four for females and five for males. Males use genital swelling to communicate that they are ready for sex.
92:
31:
50:
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The reproductive cycle is bound to the season and sifakas reproduce either every year or every two years. Infants have a slow growth rate given the large abundance of food on
Madagascar, but dental development is just the opposite. A hypothesis has been put forth that this is to reduce the dependency
403:
underwent a major demographic decline, which most likely occurred after the mid-Holocene transition (in the last 5,000 years). While mid-Holocene climate change probably triggered major demographic changes in northern lemur species range and connectivity, human settlements that expanded over the last
412:
The diet of
Perrier's sifaka resembles that of other sifakas, consisting of fruit, leaves, flowers, buds, petioles, and seeds. Sifakas are naturally suited for this herbivorous diet because they have long gastrointestinal tracts and enlarged ceca. Groups of sifaka do not show any aggression towards
437:
Sifakas have groups of two to six individuals. Dispersal of sex is unbiased, which is uncommon among most species. Aggression between groups is extremely low, as is the overall encounter rates between groups. Society is largely matriarchal and females have feeding priority. Mating habits have not
260:
It has a very small range in northeastern
Madagascar where its habitat is dry deciduous or semihumid forest. Part of its range is in protected areas. It is an almost entirely black sifaka and measures about 90 cm (35 in), half of which is a bushy tail. Females are slightly larger than
876:
Salmona J, Zaonarivelo JR, Banks MA (2013) Analamerana and
Andrafiamena, site-based action plan for Perrier’s sifaka conservation. In: Schwitzer C, Mittermeier RA, Davies N, Johnson SE, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindramanana J, Louis EE, Rajaobelina S (eds) Lemurs of Madagascar: a strategy for their
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were reported at
Andavakoera (Montagne des Français, Figure 1 in Salmona et al., 2017; Godfrey et al. 1996). Although these sifaka subfossils were not radiocarbon dated, they suggest that the paleodistributions of both sifaka species were much wider than today and possibly overlapping.
293:
is almost entirely black, covering everywhere on its body except for the face and ears. It has small, forward-facing eyes. The species has masses ranging from 3.7 to 6.0 kg. Minimal sexual dimorphism is seen, but females are slightly larger in weight on average.
708:
Salmona J, Jan F, Rasolondraibe E, Zaranaina R, SaĂŻd
Ousseni D, Mohamed-Thani I, Rakotonanahary A, Ralantoharijaona T, Kun-Rodrigues C, Carreira M, Wohlhauser S, Ranirison P, Zaonarivelo JR, Rabarivola JC, Chikhi L (2013).
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have a disjunct and restricted distribution in the northern part of
Madagascar, far removed from the northern limit of their sister species. (Supplementary figure 1 in Salmona et al. 2017) In addition, bones attributed to
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It moves in small family groups through the canopy feeding on fruit, leaves, flowers, buds, and seeds. Groups have territories around one hectare and vocalise with each other. The main threats faced by this sifaka are
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conservation requires a clearly defined institution, committed to leading its conservation plan with incentives for inclusive action that take advantage of the strengths of the different participants .
889:"Lemurs of Madagascar A Strategy for their Conservation 2013–2016. IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group, Bristol Conservation and Science Foundation, and Conservation International, Bristol, UK"
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The hypothesis that northern sifaka species had their distribution contract is supported by phylogeographic, genetic, and fossil data. In contrast to the other sifaka species,
744:
Salmona, Jordi; Heller, Rasmus; Quéméré, Erwan; Chikhi, Lounès (2017-10-01). "Climate change and human colonization triggered habitat loss and fragmentation in
Madagascar".
459:
Appendix I. A recent conservation plan for
Perrier's sifaka has been developed following the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission (
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274:
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conservation 2013–2016. Bristol, UK: IUCN SSC Primate
Specialist Group, Bristol Conservation and Science Foundation, and Conservation International. p, p 140–141
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812:"Ecologically Enigmatic Lemurs: The Sifakas of the Eastern Forests (Propithecus candidus, P. diadema, P. edwardsi, P. perrieri, and P. tattersalli)"
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Banks MA, Ellis ER, Wright PC (2007) Global population size of a critically endangered lemur, Perrier’s sifaka. Animal Conservation 10:254–262
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Perrier's sifakas use vocalizations to communicate including warning calls and have even been observed to make a sound described as sneezing.
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607:"An international conservation and research programme for Perrier's sifaka (Propithecus perrieri Lavauden, 1931) in northern Madagascar"
711:"Survey of the critically endangered Perrier's sifaka (Propithecus Perrieri) across most if its distribution range. Lemur News 17:9–12"
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other groups when feeding, let alone come into contact with each other. Sifakas in general show seasonal variation in diet. During the
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Perrier's sifaka is one of the most endangered primates due to the limited distribution and low population density. It is listed in
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Schwitzer C, Mittermeier RA, Davies N, Johnson S, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindramanana J, Louis Jr EE, Rajaobelina S (2013).
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378:(i.e. eastern sifaka) were found in Ankarana (Figure 1 in Salmona et al., 2017, Jungers et al. 1995) and bones of
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four millennia in northern Madagascar likely played a role in the loss and fragmentation of the forest cover.
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417:, Perrier's sifakas contribute most of their feeding time, about 70 to 90%, to fruits and seeds, but in the
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837:"Dietary Patterns in Perrier's Sifakas (Propithecus diadema perrieri): A Preliminary Study"
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Using population genetic analyses, Salmona et al. 2017 inferred the demographic history of
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Perrier's sifaka habitat near Anjahankely in the Andrafiamena-Andavakoera Protected Area
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has been reported a few decades ago, but could not be confirmed in the last decade.
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and semihumid forest. Groups of this species have a home range around a hectare.
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Perrier's sifaka has a very limited range in northeastern Madagascar between the
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It has a length of 85 to 92 cm, of which 42–46 cm are tail. Its
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to the south. The species' geographic range is concentrated on the
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Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
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Christoph Schwitzer; Olivier Arnoult; Berthe Rakotosamimanana.
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576:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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A 2012-updated fine-scale Perrier's sifaka distribution
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Heriniaina, R.; Hosnah, H.B.; Zaonarivelo, J. (2020).
681:"Facts about Perrier's Sifaka (Propithecus perrieri)"
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1208:
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256:. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of
273:agriculture, charcoal gathering, and logging. The
513:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18361A115573556.en
275:International Union for Conservation of Nature
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1536:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
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921:Primate Info Net Eastern Sifakas Factsheet
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660:Mammals of Madagascar, A Complete Guide
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499:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
1109:Ramanantsoavana's woolly lemur (
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1:
438:been thoroughly studied yet.
1566:Taxa named by Louis Lavauden
835:Shawn Lehman; Mireya Mayor.
538:"Checklist of CITES Species"
341:Its habitat consists of dry
1546:Endemic fauna of Madagascar
399:. Their analyses show that
320:Andrafiamena Protected Area
312:Analamerana Special Reserve
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1091:Peyrieras's woolly lemur (
370:(i.e. western sifaka) and
1561:Mammals described in 1931
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956:Extant species of family
316:Madagascar National Parks
269:and fragmentation due to
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87:Scientific classification
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1178:Milne-Edwards's sifaka (
1082:Sambirano woolly lemur (
614:Lemur News Vol. 11, 2006
570:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
328:Ankarana Special Reserve
1196:Golden-crowned sifaka (
1118:Betsileo woolly lemur (
1100:Southern woolly lemur (
1046:Bemaraha woolly lemur (
1073:Western woolly lemur (
1064:Moore's woolly lemur (
1055:Eastern woolly lemur (
658:Garbutt, Nick (2007).
506:: e.T18361A115573556.
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326:. Its presence in the
1551:Mammals of Madagascar
1485:Paleobiology Database
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306:to the north and the
279:critically endangered
55:Critically Endangered
1347:propithecus-perrieri
1334:Propithecus_perrieri
1320:Propithecus perrieri
1290:Propithecus perrieri
492:Propithecus perrieri
245:Propithecus perrieri
206:Propithecus perrieri
1228:Coquerel's sifaka (
1219:Verreaux's sifaka (
758:2017MolEc..26.5203S
662:. pp. 189–191.
451:Conservation status
391:Demographic History
322:managed by the NGO
267:habitat destruction
40:Conservation status
1187:Perrier's sifaka (
1111:A. ramanantsoavani
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1472:Open Tree of Life
1282:Taxon identifiers
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1237:Decken's sifaka (
1160:Diademed sifaka (
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810:Irwin, Mitchell.
766:10.1111/mec.14173
752:(19): 5203–5222.
746:Molecular Ecology
349:Past distribution
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433:Social Structure
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230:Distribution of
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1248:P. coronatus
1247:
1238:
1230:P. coquereli
1229:
1221:P. verreauxi
1220:
1210:P. verreauxi
1209:
1197:
1188:
1186:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1150:
1131:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1066:A. mooreorum
1065:
1056:
1047:
1027:
1015:
1003:
994:Strepsirhini
895:. Retrieved
882:
872:
863:
851:. Retrieved
844:the original
830:
818:. Retrieved
749:
745:
714:. Retrieved
684:. Retrieved
659:
630:
618:. Retrieved
616:. Lemur News
613:
600:
572:
558:
546:. Retrieved
541:
517:. Retrieved
503:
497:
491:
464:
454:
445:
436:
428:
411:
400:
396:
394:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
354:
352:
340:
301:
298:Distribution
288:
263:
244:
243:
239:
238:
231:
205:
203:
187:
186:
174:
18:
1394:iNaturalist
1314:Wikispecies
1239:P. deckenii
1189:P. perrieri
1180:P. edwardsi
1171:P. candidus
1133:Propithecus
1120:A. betsileo
1084:A. unicolor
544:. UNEP-WCMC
519:19 November
465:P. perrieri
401:P. perrieri
359:P. perrieri
318:and in the
314:managed by
308:Lokia River
304:Irodo River
285:Description
252:endemic to
232:P. perrieri
175:Propithecus
1530:Categories
1162:P. diadema
1151:P. diadema
1057:A. laniger
1048:A. cleesei
992:Suborder:
472:References
419:dry season
415:wet season
397:P.perrieri
254:Madagascar
150:Suborder:
73:Appendix I
1140:(sifakas)
968:Kingdom:
958:Indriidae
774:1365-294X
442:Lifecycle
368:verreauxi
343:deciduous
182:Species:
164:Indriidae
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
1498:Species+
1451:12100093
1305:Q1350394
1299:Wikidata
1266:Category
1016:I. indri
988:Primates
982:Mammalia
976:Chordata
974:Phylum:
970:Animalia
790:27524388
782:28488335
592:62265494
566:(2005).
548:18 March
425:Behavior
213:Lavauden
160:Family:
144:Primates
134:Mammalia
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1541:Sifakas
1438:1000988
1386:5707425
1373:4454292
1014:Indri (
986:Order:
980:Class:
897:3 April
853:24 July
820:24 July
754:Bibcode
716:3 April
686:26 July
620:24 July
384:diadema
376:diadema
324:Fanamby
261:males.
248:) is a
170:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
58: (
1513:112209
1510:uBio:
1490:385222
1477:799550
1464:989338
1412:944093
1342:ARKive
788:
780:
772:
636:"IUCN"
590:
580:
291:pelage
215:, 1931
1425:18361
1399:74963
1360:6VXQ9
1212:group
1153:group
1029:Avahi
1005:Indri
892:(PDF)
847:(PDF)
840:(PDF)
815:(PDF)
786:S2CID
610:(PDF)
542:CITES
457:CITES
250:lemur
77:CITES
71:CITES
1503:8931
1459:NCBI
1420:IUCN
1407:ITIS
1381:GBIF
899:2014
855:2012
822:2012
778:PMID
770:ISSN
718:2014
688:2012
622:2012
588:OCLC
578:ISBN
550:2015
521:2021
504:2020
408:Diet
366:cf.
357:and
1446:MSW
1433:MDD
1368:EoL
1355:CoL
1329:ADW
762:doi
508:doi
461:SSC
382:cf
374:cf
281:".
1532::
1500::
1487::
1474::
1461::
1448::
1435::
1422::
1409::
1396::
1383::
1370::
1357::
1344::
1331::
1316::
1301::
798:^
784:.
776:.
768:.
760:.
750:26
748:.
726:^
696:^
668:^
644:^
612:.
586:.
540:.
529:^
502:.
496:.
480:^
380:P.
372:P.
364:P.
1250:)
1241:)
1232:)
1223:)
1200:)
1191:)
1182:)
1173:)
1164:)
1122:)
1113:)
1104:)
1095:)
1086:)
1077:)
1068:)
1059:)
1050:)
1018:)
949:e
942:t
935:v
901:.
857:.
824:.
792:.
764::
756::
720:.
690:.
638:.
624:.
594:.
552:.
523:.
510::
494:"
490:"
242:(
79:)
62:)
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