Peer-to-peer lending - Knowledge (XXG)

1753:, was held in Superior Court of California on behalf of all investors who purchased a note on the Prosper platform between January 1, 2006, and October 14, 2008. The plaintiffs alleged that Prosper offered and sold unqualified and unregistered securities, in violation of California and federal securities laws during that period. Plaintiffs further allege that Prosper acted as an unlicensed broker/dealer in California. The Plaintiffs were seeking rescission of the loan notes, rescissory damages, damages, and attorneys' fees and expenses. On July 19, 2013, the class action lawsuit was settled. Under the settlement terms Prosper will pay $ 10 million to the class action members. 1273:. The registration process was an arduous one; Prosper and LendingClub had to temporarily suspend offering new loans, while others, such as the U.K.-based Zopa Ltd., exited the U.S. market entirely. Both LendingClub and Prosper gained approval from the SEC to offer investors notes backed by payments received on the loans. Prosper amended its filing to allow banks to sell previously funded loans on the Prosper platform. Both LendingClub and Prosper formed partnerships with FOLIOfn to create a secondary market for their notes, providing liquidity to investors. LendingClub had a voluntary registration at this time, whereas Prosper had mandatory registration for all members. 1615:

year. According to the regulator, cumulative P2P lending platform loan origination increased to KRW 311,800,000,000 as of December in 2016 from KRW 72,400,000,000 in March and there was a debate as to whether the industry was getting overheated, with questions on whether the industry offered appropriate investor protection. To respond to these concerns, as of February 2017, Korean regulator imposed an annual investment limit of KRW 10,000,000 for a retail investor on these lending platforms, and KRW 40,000,000 for certain qualified investors.

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underpinned by the global fintech wave with the emergence of Lending Club as the mainstream P2P lending player in the US. New P2P lending companies launched in Korea during this period include 8 Percent, Terafunding, Lendit, Honest Fund and Funda. At the beginning, 8 Percent, Lendit and Honest Fund focused on personal loan origination and Terafunding was the only P2P platform dedicated to the real estate backed loan origination, founded by ex-real estate broker and investor, Tae Young Yang.

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Canadian Capital Markets Securities Regulators (members of the Canadian Securities Administrators) are recent entrants to Canadian Peer-to-Peer P2P lending and are only issuing interim approvals "in order to test their products, services and applications throughout the Canadian market on a time limited basis." through "Regulatory Sandbox" programs including the CSA Regulatory Sandbox and the Ontario Securities Commission Sandbox, branded as "OSC Launchpad".

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This question arises especially when a peer-to-peer lending company does not merely connect lenders and borrowers but also borrows money from users and then lends it out again. Such activity is interpreted as a sale of securities, and a broker-dealer license and the registration of the person-to-person investment contract is required for the process to be legal. The license and registration can be obtained at a securities regulatory agency such as the U.S.

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and for the 2009 vintage 8.10%. Independent projections for the 2010 vintage are of an aggregate return of 9.87. During the period from 2006 through October 2008 (referred to as 'Prosper 1.0'), Prosper issued 28,936 loans, all of which have since matured. 18,480 of the loans fully paid off and 10,456 loans defaulted, a default rate of 36.1%. $ 46,671,123 of the $ 178,560,222 loaned out during this period was written off by investors, a loss rate of 26.1%.

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the Korea P2P Finance Association, cumulative loan lent by its member P2P companies stands at c. KRW 2.3 TRN as of March 2018. By origination category, real estate project financing origination constitutes c. KRW 768,500,000,000, real estate asset backed origination is KRW 611,500,000,000, other asset backed KRW 472,400,000,000 and personal loan origination stands at KRW 443,200,000,000. Average interest yield offered by the member companies is 14.32%.

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coming second. In 2016 Mintos has raised Eur 2 million in funding from Latvian-based Venture Capital Skillion Ventures. Twino investment platform was launched in 2015, although the company has been operating since 2009 as a loan originator. Since the inception in 2009 Twino has lent more than Eur 500 million in loans. More than 90% of all loans that are on Twino platform are short maturity from one to three months.

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default rates varied from about 1.5% to 10% for the more risky borrowers. Executives from traditional financial institutions are joining the peer-to-peer companies as board members, lenders and investors, indicating that the new financing model is establishing itself in the mainstream. LendingClub abandoned the peer-to-peer lending model in the fall of 2020.

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The UK peer-to-peer lenders quote the ratio of bad loans at 0.84% for Zopa of the £200m during its first seven years of lending history. As of November 2013, Funding Circle's current bad debt level was 1.5%, with an average 5.8% return after all bad debt and fees. This is comparable to the 3–5% ratio

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announced in early July 2018 said that regulators will extend a two-year-old nationwide campaign to clean up fraud and violations in the online financial market, targeting P2P and other online lending and financial activities. More than 5,000 operations have been shut down since the campaign began in

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By means of the Resolution 4656/2018, the Central Bank of Brazil created a new type of institution called SEP (personal lending society) that aims to provide a platform for direct negotiation of loans between individuals and companies. A SEP cannot lend using its own resources but only operate as an

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In late June, Shanghai police detained four senior executives of Tangxiaoseng, an online lending platform controlled by Zibang Financial Service Internet Technology Co. Ltd. and told investors on June 28, 2018, that Zibang Financial was suspected of "illegally raising funds from the public." On July

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Because, unlike depositors in banks, peer-to-peer lenders can choose themselves whether to lend their money to safer borrowers with lower interest rates or to riskier borrowers with higher returns, in the US peer-to-peer lending is treated legally as investment and the repayment in case of borrower

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The actual default rates for the loans originated by Prosper in 2007 were in fact higher than projected. Prosper's aggregate return (across all credit grades and as measured by LendStats.com, based upon actual Prosper marketplace data) for the 2007 vintage was (6.44)%, for the 2008 vintage (2.44)%,

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Dealing with financial securities is connected to the question of ownership: in the case of person-to-person loans, the problem is who owns the loans (notes) and how that ownership is transferred between the originator of the loan (the person-to-person lending company) and the individual lender(s).

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As of April 2017, there are 148 P2P lending companies in Korea. However, only 40 companies are official members of the Korea P2P Finance Association. These members include Lendit, Roof Funding, Midrate, HF Honest Fund, Villy, 8 Percent, Terafunding, Together Funding and People Funding. According to

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There is no specific Peer-to-Peer lending regulation in Bulgaria. Currently, Klear Lending is the only Bulgarian platform. It was launched in 2016 and provides personal loans to prime customers. The Peer-to-Peer lending platform is operated by Klear Lending AD, a financial institution registered in

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and Twino. Around nine companies that qualify as P2P investment platform currently operate in Latvia. Mintos was founded in 2015. In September 2018 the total amount of loans funded through Mintos have surpassed Eur 1 billion. Most of the loans funded through Mintos are personal loans with car loans

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Loans made under peer-to-peer lending are considered securities and as such P2P platforms must register with securities regulators and adapt themselves to existing regulatory models. This means limiting investors to some institutional investors or finding novel approaches in tandem with regulators.

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In June and July 2018, scores of Chinese online P2P lending platforms fell into financial or legal troubles because of tightened regulation and liquidity. According to WDZJ.com, a P2P industry information provider, 23 P2P platforms were reported to be in financial distress or under investigation in

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The lending intermediaries are for-profit businesses; they generate revenue by collecting a one-time fee on funded loans from borrowers and by assessing a loan servicing fee to investors (tax-disadvantaged in the UK vs charging borrowers) or borrowers (either a fixed amount annually or a percentage

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There was a brief period of regulatory uncertainty on the P2P business model as the P2P lending model was not officially legalized under the then regulatory regime. 8 percent was briefly shut down by the regulator in Feb 2015 and was reopened again. Korean P2P industry saw an explosive growth in a

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Thousands of P2P platforms are illegal. Their applications are believed to be stealing customer's data such as phone contacts and photos. These are then used by the debt collectors to intimidate the customers. The debt collectors contact family members, friends, and even employers of the customers

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In China, in 2016 there were more than 4,000 P2P lending platforms, but 2,000 of them had already suspended operations. As of August 2016, cash flow on all P2P lending platform have already exceeded 191 billion Chinese Yuan (US$ 29 billion) in the month. Lender's return rate across all P2P lending

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In 2013, LendingClub was the largest peer-to-peer lender in US based upon issued loan volume and revenue, followed by Prosper. LendingClub was also the largest peer-to-peer lending platform worldwide. The interest rates ranged from 5.6 to 35.8%, depending on the loan term and borrower rating. The

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This addressed the liquidity problem and, in contrast to traditional securitization markets, resulted in making the loan requests of peer-to-peer companies more transparent for the lenders and secondary buyers who can access the detailed information concerning each individual loan (without knowing

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many sites were not able to capture market share and grow their user base, arguably because of the reserved nature of Indian investors or lack of awareness of this type of debt financing. However, peer-to-peer lending platforms in India are helping a huge section of borrowers who have previously

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In 2012, the UK government invested £20 million into British businesses via peer to peer lenders. A second investment of £40 million was announced in 2014. The intention was to bypass the high street banks, which were reluctant to lend to smaller companies. This action was criticised for creating

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For investors interested in socially conscious investing, peer-to-peer lending offers the possibility of supporting the attempts of individuals to break free from high-rate debt, assist persons engaged in occupations or activities that are deemed moral and positive to the community, and avoid

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One of the main advantages of person-to-person lending for borrowers can sometimes be better rates than traditional bank rates can offer. The advantages for lenders can be higher returns than obtainable from a savings account or other investments, but subject to risk of loss, unlike a savings

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In Korea, Money Auction and Pop Funding are the very first peer to peer lending companies founded in 2006 and 2007 respectively. Korean P2P lending industry did not attract much public attention until late 2014 and early 2015, during which period a number of new fintech companies were founded

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Several peer-to-peer lending services initiated operation and loan origination during 2014, Following the economic uprising of 2011, and public opinion regarding these platforms is positive. The maximum interest rate in Israeli P2P Arenas is limited by the "Extra-Banking Lending Regulations".

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Peer-to-peer lending also attracts borrowers who, because of their credit status or the lack thereof, are unqualified for traditional bank loans. Because past behavior is frequently indicative of future performance and low credit scores correlate with high likelihood of default, peer-to-peer

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Securities offered by the U.S. peer-to-peer lenders are registered with and regulated by the SEC. A recent report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office explored the potential for additional regulatory oversight by Consumer Financial Protection Bureau or the Federal Deposit Insurance

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Investments have qualified for tax advantages through the Innovative Finance Individual Savings Account (IFISA) since April 2016. In 2016, £80bn was invested in ISAs, creating a significant opportunity for P2P platforms. By January 2017, 17 P2P providers were approved to offer the product.

1454:. Launched in 2007, the company Trustbuddy AB was first out on the Swedish market for peer-to-peer-lending, providing a platform for high risk personal loans between 500SEK and 10,000SEK. Trustbuddy filed for bankruptcy by October 2015, a new board cited abuses by outgoing leadership. 2552: 1254:. Both Prosper and LendingClub are headquartered in San Francisco, California. Early peer-to-peer platforms had few restrictions on borrower eligibility, which resulted in adverse selection problems and high borrower default rates. In addition, some investors viewed the lack of 1492:

Latvian P2P lending market is developing rapidly. In Q2 2018 Latvian P2P platforms lent Eur 271.8 million and Eur 1.7 Billion cumulatively. Currently, the most active investors in Latvia's peer-to-peer lending platforms are residents of Germany, Great Britain, and Estonia.

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In 2011, Quakle, a UK peer-to-peer lender founded in 2010, closed down with a near 100% default rate after attempting to measure a borrower's creditworthiness according to a group score, similar to the feedback scores on eBay; the model failed to encourage repayment.

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At the other end of the range are places such as Bondora that do lending to less credit-worthy customers, with default rates varying up to as high as 70+% for loans made to Slovak borrowers on that platform, well above those of its original Estonian market.

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then telling them that the customers have debt that needs to be paid. Some of them commit suicide due to the pressure. Many cases are reported in the Indonesia's complaint handling system. Yet the police have not taken serious actions against these cases.

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In 2015, the Ministry of Finance of Latvia initiated development of a new regulation on the peer-to-peer lending in Latvia to establish regulatory requirements, such as rules for management compliance, AML requirements and other prudential measures.

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loans are securities that can be transferred to others, either for debt collection or profit, though not all P2P platforms provide transfer facilities or free pricing choices and costs can be very high, tens of percent of the amount sold, or

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has resulted in calls for additional legislative measures that institute minimum capital standards and checks on risk controls to preclude lending to riskier borrowers, using unscrupulous lenders or misleading consumers about lending terms.

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model or fixed by the intermediary company on the basis of an analysis of the borrower's credit. The lender's investment in the loan is not normally protected by any government guarantee. On some services, lenders mitigate the risk of

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was launched in 2013. In 2016, Linked Finance was also authorised to operate in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority. In 2015, Initiative Ireland launched the first property-backed secured lending P2P platform in Ireland.

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because banks refused to increase their loan portfolios. The peer-to-peer market also faced increased investor scrutiny because borrowers' defaults became more frequent and investors were unwilling to take on unnecessary risk.

3997: 4920: 1006:. Instead of having one main crowdfunding page where everybody donates, people can have multiple individual fundraising pages with peer-to-peer fundraising, which the individual people will share with their own networks. 1020:, though some of the largest amounts are lent to businesses. Secured loans are sometimes offered by using luxury assets such as jewelry, watches, vintage cars, fine art, buildings, aircraft, and other business assets as 2488: 1434:, India's Central Bank. It has published a consultation paper on regulation of P2P lending and the final guidelines were released in 2017. There were over 30 peer-to-peer-lending platforms in India in 2016. Even with 4323: 3975: 1353:

platform in China is about 10% per annum on average, with a few of them offering more than 24% return rate. A colloquial term for P2P lending in Chinese translates as "grey market", but is not to be confused with

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since 2016. As of April 2019, there are 106 P2P platforms registered in OJK. P2P platforms provide loans targeting particularly into unbanked population, which is estimated to be around 100+ million in Indonesia.

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Peer-to-peer lending does not fit cleanly into any of the three traditional types of financial institutions – deposit takers, investors, insurers – and is sometimes categorized as an

4035: 1407:, peer-to-peer lending became practicable on April 1, 2014, when the relevant provisions of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 came into force. The Act enables peer-to-peer lending services to be licensed. 1202:, launched in August 2010, became the first significant peer-to-business lender and offering small businesses loans from investors via the platform. Funding Circle has originated over £6.3 billion in loans. 1228:(FSCS), which provides security up to £85,000 per bank, for each saver, but regulations mandate the companies to implement arrangements to ensure the servicing of the loans even if the platform goes bust. 4298: 1764:

are organizations that handle loan administration on behalf of others including individual lenders and lending agencies, but do not loan their own money. Notable peer-to-peer lending sponsors include:

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account. Interest rates and the methodology for calculating those rates varies among peer-to-peer lending platforms. The interest rates may also have a lower volatility than other investment types.

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It seemed initially that one of the appealing characteristics of peer-to-peer lending for investors was low default rates, e.g. Prosper's default rate was quoted to be only at about 2.7% in 2007.

1024:. They are made to an individual, company or charity. Other forms of peer-to-peer lending include student loans, commercial and real estate loans, payday loans, as well as secured business loans, 1305:

Many micro loan companies have emerged to serve the 40 million SMEs, many of which receive inadequate financing from state-owned banks, creating an entire industry that runs alongside big banks.

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money to individuals or businesses through online services that match lenders with borrowers. Peer-to-peer lending companies often offer their services online, and attempt to operate with lower

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and that people may be less likely to default to the members of their own social communities, the emergence of new intermediaries has proven to be time and cost saving. Extending

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the actual identities of borrowers) before deciding which loans to fund. The peer-to-peer companies are also required to detail their offerings in a regularly updated

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products offered by banks, while borrowers can borrow money at lower interest rates, even after the P2P lending company has taken a fee for providing the match-making

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20, 2018, iqianbang.com, a Beijing-based P2P lending platform announced to close down, citing "deteriorating online lending environment and drying up liquidity."

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In April 2019, one of China's top peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms, tuandai.com, collapsed, resulting in financial losses for scores of Chinese investors.

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to increase accountability with standard reporting and facilitate the growth of the sector. Peer-to-peer investments do not qualify for protection from the

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arrangements in which people are asked to contribute money in exchange for potential profits based on the work of others are considered to be

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intermediaries have started to decline a large number of applicants and charge higher interest rates to riskier borrowers that are approved.

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Since April 2018, Brazilian p2p lending companies may operate directly without the intermediation of a bank or other financial institution.

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At one stage there were over 100 individual platforms applying for FCA authorisation, although many withdrew their applications as of 2015.

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Peer-to-peer fundraising encourages supporters of a charity or non-profit organisation to individually raise money. It's a subcategory of

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and provide their services more cheaply than traditional financial institutions. As a result, lenders can earn higher returns compared to

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intermediary. The borrower must be Brazilian individual or company, but there isn't a restriction regarding lenders nationality.

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of mainstream banks and the result of modern credit models and efficient risk management technologies used by P2P companies.

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Since inception, Lending Club's default rate ranges from 1.4% for top-rated three-year loans to 9.8% for the riskiest loans.

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by choosing which borrowers to lend to, and mitigate total risk by diversifying their investments among different borrowers.

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the first 10 days of July. That follows 63 such cases in June, a higher number than in any month in the previous year.

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to enable borrowers to attract lenders and investors to identify and purchase loans that meet their investment criteria

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the borrower. There is the risk of the borrower defaulting on the loans taken out from peer-lending websites.

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Corporation, though neither organization has proposed direct oversight of peer-to-peer lending at this time.

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processing payments from borrowers and forwarding those payments to the lenders who invested in the loan

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grew in the 2000s, many P2P lenders were founded with various target customers and business models.

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the Register per art. 3a of the Credit Institutions Act maintained by the Bulgarian National Bank.

1247: 1154: 1029: 980: 892: 882: 602: 559: 511: 456: 270: 5182: 3228: 2675: 2511: 2448: 1387:, was launched. As of June 2016 the Australian Government has been encouraging the development of 5395: 5313: 5187: 4521: 3431: 2858: 2240: 1644: 1392: 1266: 992: 905: 887: 737: 692: 641: 482: 371: 105: 6292: 3910: 3874: 1907: 52: 5155: 4196: 3770: 6169: 6101: 3326:"Lending Club Lands $ 17.5 Million from Kleiner Perkins and Morgan Stanley Chairman John Mack" 2084: 2080: 2045: 1198:, founded in February 2005, was the first peer-to-peer lending company in the United Kingdom. 1123: 793: 669: 564: 431: 426: 421: 395: 356: 180: 80: 4372:"Association: 486 Million Euro Invested Using Latvian Peer-to-Peer Lending Platforms in 2017" 1442:

As on August 31, 2019, 19 companies have been granted licenses by the Reserve Bank of India.

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the loans can be unsecured or secured and are not normally protected by government insurance;

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unfair competition in the UK, by concentrating financial support in the largest platforms.

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but these features have started to disappear. While it is still true that the emergence of

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In 2015, UK peer-to-peer lenders collectively lent over £3bn to consumers and businesses.

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investment in persons employed in industries deemed immoral or detrimental to community.

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In many countries, soliciting investments from the general public is considered illegal.

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The peer-to-peer lending industry in the US started in February 2006 with the launch of

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https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/trustbuddy-files-for-bankruptcy-idUSFWN12G01T/

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Robert E. Wright; Vincenzo Quadrini. "Chapter 2 Section 5: Financial Intermediaries".

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Moenninghoff, S., Wieandt, A. (May 20, 2014). "The Future of Peer-to-Peer Finance".

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In the UK, the emergence of multiple competing lending companies and problems with

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In Indonesia, P2P lending is growing fast in recent years and is regulated under

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Bradley, Christine; Burhouse, Susan; Gratton, Heather; Miller, Rae-Ann (2009).

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In Germany, P2P lending is growing fast in recent years and is regulated under

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for these loans, most of which have a minimum three-year term, as undesirable.

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Since April 2014, the peer-to-peer lending industry has been regulated by the

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performing borrower credit checks and filtering out the unqualified borrowers

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no necessary common bond or prior relationship between lenders and borrowers;

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issued the first peer-to-peer lending service licence on July 8, 2014, to

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More people turned to peer-to-peer companies for borrowing following the

1131: 1045: 325: 185: 4401: 6247: 6196: 6116: 6106: 6002: 5766: 5554: 5338: 5333: 5261: 3464: 1796: 1784: 1582: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1265:(SEC) required that peer-to-peer companies register their offerings as 44: 3642:"China's P2P Online Lending Dominoes Continue to Fall – Caixin Global" 2832:

Entrenching Innovation: The 4th UK Alternative Finance Industry Report

1870:"P2P Lending: What is an Expected Return? A Survey of Industry Voices" 6201: 6153: 6063: 5736: 5585: 5580: 5440: 5388: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5286: 4491: 4341: 3672:"China Vows Continued Tight Grip on Internet Finance – Caixin Global" 3426:"Online Lender Ezubao Took $ 7.6 Billion in Ponzi Scheme, China Says" 2929: 2798:"Pushing boundaries: the 2015 UK alternative finance industry report" 2614: 2581: 2512:"Government interference risks distorting UK P2P market, say lenders" 2484: 1497: 1338: 1094: 984: 197: 4911:"Zopa calls on Government and FSA to regulate social lending sector" 5036:

Prosper.com – Loan Performance Summary – Independent Loan Analytics

4028:"Lendbox receives NBFC – peer-to-peer (P2P) certification from RBI" 3359:"China: The Different Categories of Peer to Peer Lending Platforms" 6232: 6148: 5856: 5606: 5514: 5400: 5373: 5323: 5281: 5209: 1790: 1427: 1320: 1282: 1025: 416: 366: 4844:"Alternative Lending – Deutschland | Statista Marktprognose" 4711: 3612:"Another Online Lender Falls Under Investigation – Caixin Global" 1149:

Most peer-to-peer intermediaries provide the following services:

6329: 6297: 6093: 5886: 5383: 5368: 5343: 5318: 5296: 3703:"Police Arrest 41 Associated With Failed P2P Lender Tuandai.com" 1778: 1418:. Harmoney officially launched its service on October 10, 2014. 1195: 1163:

verifying borrower identity, bank account, employment and income

1146:

to unfamiliar lenders and borrowers opens up new opportunities.

1017: 976: 742: 709: 320: 260: 6006: 5213: 5106:

Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco, Docket:

4941: 4814:"P2P Financing Cumulative Loans in March 10% Growth in a Month" 4224: 4222: 3391:"Hong Kong's First Peer-to-Peer Lender Raises Funds of its Own" 2114:"Prosper Ditches Auction Pricing for Model Like P-to-P Rival's" 1439:

been rejected or have failed to qualify for a loan from banks.

4590:"Property Finance Platform to fund €60m in construction loans" 3733:"SocietyOne takes on big banks with peer-to-peer online loans" 1551: 1100:

lenders may often choose which borrowers to invest in, if the

653: 5988:

Professional E-Hailing Drivers and Private Owners Association

3460:"China police arrest 21 over $ 7.6 bln online financial scam" 2416:"Quakle collapse serves as warning to peer-to-peer investors" 2260: 2046:"Interest Rates and Fees on Lending Club & Prosper Loans" 1742:

defaulting is not guaranteed by the federal government (U.S.

1039:

can be set by lenders who compete for the lowest rate on the

5035: 4710:

Korea P2P Finance Association Member Date of Establishment

4197:"Canadian Securities Administrators – Who we are – Overview" 2925:"Looking for 10% yields? Go online for peer to peer lending" 2709:"Funding Circle Picks Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley for IPO" 2642:"The fintech bubble we warned you about is already popping" 1659:

in Ontario, Canada, the Autorité des marchés financiers in

1160:

development of credit models for loan approvals and pricing

2885:"Peer To peer lending crosses $ 1 billion in loans issued" 4959: 4957: 4291:"Fintechs poderão conceder crédito sem mediação de banco" 1383:

In 2012 Australia's first peer to peer lending platform,

3763:"Launch of an innovative regulatory sandbox for FinTech" 2288:"Peer-to-peer lending and saving: Making everyone happy" 1281:. The SEC makes the reports available to the public via 1323:, which has backing from American venture capital firm 5129:"Prosper Settles Class Action Lawsuit – Pays 10M US$ " 4342:"Alternative financial services association of Latvia" 1285:(Electronic Data-Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval). 5914:

International Alliance of App-based Transport Workers

4682:"Financial Institutions Register under Art.3a of LCI" 4558:"P2P lender Linked Finance receives UK authorisation" 1430:, peer-to-peer lending is currently regulated by the 1122:

Early peer-to-peer lending was also characterized by

1080:

Typical characteristics of peer-to-peer lending are:

2447:

Moore, Elaine; Moules, Jonathan (December 7, 2011).

6338: 6317: 6310: 6210: 6189: 6182: 6162: 6136: 6129: 6056: 6049: 5980: 5959: 5943: 5922: 5906: 5899: 5699: 5692: 5667: 5641: 5615: 5594: 5563: 5527: 5507: 5459: 5431: 5424: 5254: 5247: 1900:"Savings Account as Investment – The Simple Dollar" 5076:"Peer-to-peer lending via the internet hits £250m" 3424: 3389: 3194:Kennard, Matt; Bond, Shannon (November 24, 2011). 2796:Bone, Jonathan; Baeck, Peter (February 16, 2016). 2741:"New deposit protection limit coming on 1 January" 2674: 2510: 3293:"Peer-to-peer lending: Model takes off worldwide" 2829:Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance (2017). 2383:"Are peer-to-peer lenders the future of banking?" 2077:Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung 1090:intermediation by a peer-to-peer lending company; 5951:Indian Federation of App-based Transport Workers 3458:Shen, Samuel; Ruwitch, John (January 31, 2016). 2959:Alloway, Tracy; Moore, Elaine (April 23, 2012). 5007:"The Morality of Moneylending: A Short History" 2878: 2876: 2874: 1990:"What fees does Lending Club charge investors?" 1450:Peer-to-peer-lending in Sweden is regulated by 1056:, peer-to-peer lending tends to have both less 4881:United States Government Accountability Office 3028: 3026: 1391:and peer to peer lending startups through its 1138:makes it possible to do away with traditional 6018: 5225: 4964:Person-to-person lending online gathers steam 4230:"Industry Resources – CSA Regulatory Sandbox" 3875:"RBI Peer To Peer Lending Consultation Paper" 2575:"Individual Savings Account (ISA) Statistics" 2376: 2374: 1845:Social media in the financial services sector 1181:finding new lenders and borrowers (marketing) 949: 8: 4652:"Laporan masyarakat tentang pinjaman online" 3160:"Peer-to-Peer Lending: Problems and Promise" 3127:"Credit Crunch Gives 'Microlending' a Boost" 2097:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3196:"Interest soars in US peer-to-peer lending" 3064: 3062: 2961:"Mack moves to cutting edge of P2P lending" 2918: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2676:"Government boost for peer-to-peer lending" 2161:November 15, 2012; Accessed March 22, 2013. 834:International Financial Reporting Standards 799:Separation of investment and retail banking 6314: 6186: 6133: 6053: 6025: 6011: 6003: 5903: 5696: 5428: 5251: 5232: 5218: 5210: 2863:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2213:"Alternative Financial Services: A Primer" 2206: 2204: 2202: 956: 942: 827: 760: 598: 400: 67: 31: 4622:"OJK Releases 106 Licensed Fintech Lists" 3701:Caiping, Liu; Gang, Wu (April 27, 2019). 2954: 2952: 2640:Williams-Grut, Oscar (October 15, 2015). 1598:Learn how and when to remove this message 4522:"Latvia: Review of the Financial System" 3070:"Lending Club Shuts Down (Temporarily?)" 2992: 2990: 2988: 1236:Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance 4854:from the original on September 14, 2021 4271:from the original on September 22, 2018 4151:from the original on September 29, 2018 3978:from the original on September 14, 2017 3891:from the original on September 18, 2016 3845:"Harmoney launches with $ 100m to lend" 3743:from the original on September 23, 2015 3713:from the original on September 20, 2020 3562:from the original on September 29, 2018 3502:from the original on September 29, 2018 3369:from the original on September 28, 2020 3189: 3187: 2143: 2141: 1861: 1629:Federal Financial Supervisory Authority 1263:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 763: 640: 601: 495: 464: 403: 210: 160: 70: 43: 5135:from the original on February 26, 2022 4987:from the original on December 21, 2014 4766:from the original on December 14, 2021 4736:from the original on December 14, 2021 4570:from the original on November 19, 2018 4207:from the original on September 6, 2018 3947:from the original on September 8, 2016 3937:"RBI proposes P2P lending regulations" 3917:from the original on February 20, 2020 3305:from the original on February 26, 2022 2897:from the original on February 14, 2019 2856: 2745:Financial Services Compensation Scheme 2286:Collinson, Patrick (August 28, 2010). 2238: 2090: 1880:from the original on February 27, 2019 1226:Financial Services Compensation Scheme 5162:from the original on October 19, 2017 4890:from the original on October 21, 2012 4602:from the original on October 24, 2019 4538:from the original on January 20, 2019 4331:, Banco Central, 17 de agosto de 2018 4068:from the original on October 31, 2019 4038:from the original on December 9, 2019 4008:from the original on December 9, 2019 3849:New Zealand Herald – Personal Finance 3825:from the original on February 8, 2016 3799:from the original on October 12, 2014 3552:"8月P2P综合收益率再降预计9月或将跌破10%__网贷资讯_网贷之家" 3472:from the original on October 24, 2020 3439:from the original on December 8, 2016 3404:from the original on November 6, 2016 3125:Jonnelle Marte (September 26, 2010). 2845:from the original on January 19, 2022 2673:Moules, Jonathan (December 7, 2012). 2621:from the original on January 27, 2017 2591:from the original on October 26, 2016 2555:from the original on January 27, 2017 2395:from the original on October 12, 2013 2221:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 2149:Taking a Peek at Peer-to-Peer Lending 2126:from the original on October 23, 2016 1970:from the original on January 18, 2019 1744:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 1357:for goods or an underground economy. 1084:it is sometimes conducted for profit; 7: 5967:National Taxi Workers' Alliance (NY) 5156:"Microfinance: Banking for the Poor" 5088:from the original on August 16, 2012 4966:Associated Press, November 27, 2007. 4692:from the original on January 3, 2018 4502:from the original on October 3, 2018 4472:from the original on October 3, 2018 4442:from the original on October 3, 2018 4412:from the original on October 3, 2018 4382:from the original on October 3, 2018 4352:from the original on October 3, 2018 4301:from the original on August 18, 2018 4240:from the original on August 12, 2018 4171:"P2P lending and how it's regulated" 4099:from the original on January 4, 2015 3855:from the original on October 5, 2014 3682:from the original on August 14, 2018 3652:from the original on August 14, 2018 3622:from the original on August 14, 2018 3592:from the original on August 14, 2018 2937:from the original on October 1, 2019 1580:adding citations to reliable sources 5195:from the original on March 13, 2018 5181:Narang, Sonia (December 10, 2006). 4909:Sean Farrell (September 20, 2010). 4824:from the original on April 26, 2018 4632:from the original on April 11, 2019 4089:"FI tar kontroll över ny lånetrend" 3492:"再减68家 P2P正常运营平台数创近一年新低__网贷资讯_网贷之家" 3172:from the original on March 27, 2019 3139:from the original on April 11, 2015 3076:from the original on April 11, 2008 3033:Hendrickson, Mark (April 8, 2008). 2810:from the original on March 27, 2019 2771:"Peer-to-peer: FCA rules explained" 2721:from the original on March 12, 2018 2689:from the original on March 27, 2019 2654:from the original on March 27, 2019 2525:from the original on March 27, 2019 2491:from the original on March 10, 2016 2461:from the original on March 27, 2019 2449:"Peer-to-peer loans company closes" 2428:from the original on March 27, 2019 2414:Jones, Rupert (February 15, 2014). 2359:from the original on March 27, 2019 2300:from the original on March 27, 2019 2267:from the original on March 24, 2019 1906:. December 11, 2011. Archived from 1820:Comparison of crowdfunding services 1751:Hellum v. Prosper Marketplace, Inc. 5017:from the original on April 1, 2017 4923:from the original on June 26, 2012 3925:– via Reserve Bank of India. 3357:She, Yangjie (November 28, 2014). 3272:from the original on July 25, 2012 3241:from the original on June 30, 2017 3208:from the original on March 8, 2012 3047:from the original on June 15, 2012 3011:from the original on June 29, 2015 2381:Moulds, Josephine (June 9, 2012). 1653:Securities and Exchange Commission 1496:The two biggest P2P platforms are 873:Private equity and venture capital 784:Bank for International Settlements 25: 4087:Bratt, Frida (December 6, 2014). 3338:from the original on June 8, 2012 3158:Bogoslaw, David (April 6, 2009). 2973:from the original on July 4, 2012 2347:"Start-ups to the power of three" 2345:Loizou, Kiki (October 20, 2013). 2326:from the original on May 13, 2015 2187:from the original on July 4, 2017 2112:Lepro, Sara (December 20, 2010). 2056:from the original on July 3, 2018 1940:from the original on July 3, 2017 1840:Self-Organized Funding Allocation 1052:of the loan amount). Compared to 918:Business and Economics portal 6362: 6361: 5158:. Finance and Development. IMF. 5074:Gompertz, Simon (June 8, 2012). 4977:"Christian Peer-to-Peer Lending" 4762:(in Korean). February 26, 2017. 4259:Commission, Ontario Securities. 4234:www.securities-administrators.ca 4201:www.securities-administrators.ca 3423:Gough, Neil (February 2, 2016). 3388:Yuan, Michelle (June 17, 2014). 3324:Taylor, Colleen (June 6, 2012). 3291:Goff, Sharlene (June 13, 2012). 2999:"Peer-To-Peer Lender Relaunched" 1556: 923: 911: 506:Base erosion and profit shifting 51: 4800:"P2P 대출 1조 넘어섰지만 중소업체들은 줄폐업 위기" 4726:""대부업자도 아니면서"…P2P 대출 '8퍼센트' 차단" 4724:(주)블로터앤미디어 (February 5, 2015). 3260:Steinisch, Monica (June 2012). 2320:"fundingcircle.com: Statistics" 1567:needs additional citations for 1513:The Irish P2P lending platform 6422:Peer-to-peer lending companies 4712:http://p2plending.or.kr/about/ 3767:Australian Government Treasury 3227:Schumpeter (January 5, 2013). 2997:Jane J. Kim (April 28, 2009). 2883:Renton, Peter (May 29, 2012). 1850:Peer-to-peer lending companies 1830:Non-bank financial institution 1815:Alternative financial services 1178:legal compliance and reporting 1104:platform offers that facility; 1013:, many peer-to-peer loans are 266:Collateralised debt obligation 176:Bull (stock market speculator) 1: 5972:Rideshare Drivers United (CA) 5701:Social peer-to-peer processes 4951:, accessed September 21, 2010 4756:"'8퍼센트' 같은 P2P 대출에도 가이드라인 시행" 3262:"Peer-to-peer lending survey" 2923:Barth, Chris (June 6, 2012). 1762:Peer-to-peer lending sponsors 1757:Peer-to-peer lending sponsors 1746:) the way bank deposits are. 1701:Socially-conscious investment 1657:Ontario Securities Commission 1290:financial crisis of 2007–2008 1075:alternative financial service 612:Final consumption expenditure 5929:Gorillas Workers Collective 4129:he:המחאה החברתית בישראל 2011 3522:"《P2P网贷行业2016年8月月报》正式发布-爱投资" 2551:. HM Revenue & Customs. 1669:Financial Services Authority 1345:. Ezubao took in 50 billion 6098:United Prosperity (Defunct) 5064:, accessed August. 13, 2012 1412:Financial Markets Authority 1222:Financial Conduct Authority 6438: 5183:"Web-Based Microfinancing" 5108:Case Number: CGC-09-491736 5041:September 3, 2012, at the 4947:September 8, 2012, at the 2611:"ISAs authorised managers" 844:Professional certification 442:Enterprise risk management 226:Offshore financial centres 6358: 6112:Virgin Money US (Defunct) 6040: 5787:Collaborative consumption 5732: 4786:"P2P대출 1인당 1천만원 한도 규제 시행" 4326:February 1, 2022, at the 3966:Dutt, Gaurav (May 2017). 789:Financial Stability Board 27:Practice of lending money 5724:Peer-to-peer ridesharing 5616:Services and freelancing 2245:: CS1 maint: location ( 1749:A class action lawsuit, 1687:Advantages and criticism 1349:from 900,000 investors. 1140:financial intermediaries 1093:transactions take place 478:Mergers and acquisitions 18:Person-to-person lending 5714:Peer-to-peer carsharing 5154:Kota, Ina (June 2007). 4686:Bulgarian National Bank 3397:The Wall Street Journal 3132:The Wall Street Journal 3004:The Wall Street Journal 1655:(SEC) in the U.S., the 6202:Zencap Global Services 5867:Scooter-sharing system 5852:Product-service system 5742:Bicycle-sharing system 5114:July 24, 2013, at the 5060:June 25, 2012, at the 5055:Social Lending Network 5011:The Objective Standard 4942:Social Lending Network 3913:. September 12, 2016. 1876:. September 27, 2013. 1369:People's Bank of China 1271:Securities Act of 1933 971:, also abbreviated as 280:certificate of deposit 6392:Collaborative finance 6278:RebuildingSociety.com 5832:Intentional community 5649:The Freecycle Network 4438:. February 23, 2016. 4062:Reserve Bank of India 3532:on September 29, 2018 2487:. February 25, 2015. 2261:"zopa.com: Key facts" 2154:July 6, 2013, at the 1737:Government protection 1436:first-mover advantage 1432:Reserve Bank of India 975:, is the practice of 231:Conduit and sink OFCs 6412:Financial technology 6273:RateSetter (Defunct) 6218:Abundance Investment 6034:Peer-to-peer lending 5842:Platform cooperative 5719:Peer-to-peer lending 5709:Peer-to-peer banking 5489:Servas International 4788:. February 27, 2017. 4714:Retrieved 2018-04-23 4378:. February 6, 2018. 4034:. February 1, 2019. 3676:www.caixinglobal.com 3646:www.caixinglobal.com 3616:www.caixinglobal.com 3586:www.caixinglobal.com 2521:. October 26, 2014. 2026:on February 12, 2013 1835:Peer-to-peer banking 1825:Customer to customer 1576:improve this article 1389:financial technology 1308:As the Internet and 1118:and social networks. 969:Peer-to-peer lending 457:Financial statements 437:Credit rating agency 362:Repurchase agreement 6293:Wellesley & Co. 6089:Prosper Marketplace 5862:Ridesharing company 4916:The Daily Telegraph 4177:. November 23, 2017 1964:www.lendingclub.com 1810:Alternative finance 1248:Prosper Marketplace 1155:investment platform 893:Accounting scandals 883:Stock market bubble 603:Government spending 560:Employment contract 512:Corporate tax haven 271:Credit default swap 5188:The New York Times 4983:. August 9, 2013. 4628:. April 10, 2019. 4297:. April 26, 2018. 4002:The Economic Times 3943:. April 29, 2016. 3432:The New York Times 2717:. March 11, 2018. 2052:. April 30, 2014. 1960:"Rates & Fees" 1936:. March 23, 2017. 1452:Finansinspektionen 1393:regulatory sandbox 1315:The first P2PL in 1269:, pursuant to the 888:Stock market crash 738:Investment banking 728:Fractional-reserve 693:Warrant of payment 642:Government revenue 565:Financial planning 483:Structured finance 6374: 6373: 6354: 6353: 6306: 6305: 6178: 6177: 6170:Funding Societies 6125: 6124: 6107:Vittana (Defunct) 6000: 5999: 5996: 5995: 5895: 5894: 5688: 5687: 5523: 5522: 5131:. July 19, 2013. 5118:February 1, 2011) 4820:. April 9, 2018. 4662:on August 2, 2019 4598:. July 19, 2017. 4531:. April 1, 2016. 4265:www.osc.gov.on.ca 4032:Business standard 3363:Crowdfund Insider 2777:on March 27, 2019 2751:on March 11, 2016 2227:on April 25, 2020 2174:Money and Banking 1904:The Simple Dollar 1608: 1607: 1600: 1234:According to the 1124:disintermediation 966: 965: 856: 855: 806: 805: 794:Deposit insurance 700: 699: 534: 533: 432:Corporate finance 427:Capital structure 422:Capital budgeting 357:Performance bonds 238: 237: 221:Financial centres 181:Financial planner 81:Asset (economics) 16:(Redirected from 6429: 6365: 6364: 6315: 6187: 6154:Qifang (Defunct) 6134: 6064:BTCJam (Defunct) 6054: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6004: 5904: 5877:Two-sided market 5847:Platform economy 5762:Decentralization 5757:Borrowing center 5697: 5642:Swap and renting 5479:Hospitality Club 5429: 5252: 5234: 5227: 5220: 5211: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5151: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5125: 5119: 5104: 5098: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5071: 5065: 5052: 5046: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5003: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4992: 4973: 4967: 4961: 4952: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4906: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4889: 4878: 4870: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4859: 4840: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4810: 4804: 4803: 4796: 4790: 4789: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4721: 4715: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4678: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4658:. Archived from 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4586: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4575: 4566:. May 22, 2017. 4554: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4537: 4526: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4488: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4398: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4338: 4332: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4306: 4295:Folha de S.Paulo 4287: 4281: 4280: 4278: 4276: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4226: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4184: 4182: 4167: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4137: 4131: 4126: 4120: 4115: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4084: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4054: 4048: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4024: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4013: 4004:. May 21, 2018. 3994: 3988: 3987: 3985: 3983: 3963: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3933: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3890: 3879: 3871: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3860: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3789: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3773:on March 1, 2017 3769:. Archived from 3759: 3753: 3752: 3750: 3748: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3698: 3692: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3668: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3638: 3632: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3608: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3578: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3548: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3528:. Archived from 3518: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3428: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3393: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3279: 3277: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3191: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3102:. Archived from 3092: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3066: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3030: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 2994: 2983: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2956: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2920: 2907: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2880: 2869: 2868: 2862: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2844: 2837: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2773:. Archived from 2767: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2747:. Archived from 2737: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2705: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2678: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2647:Business Insider 2637: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2607: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2590: 2579: 2571: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2514: 2507: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2496: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2411: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2378: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2352:The Sunday Times 2342: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2244: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2223:. Archived from 2208: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2186: 2179: 2168: 2162: 2145: 2136: 2135: 2133: 2131: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2096: 2088: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2022:. Archived from 2016: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2005: 1996:. Archived from 1986: 1980: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1956: 1950: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1926: 1920: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1866: 1635:Legal regulation 1603: 1596: 1592: 1589: 1583: 1560: 1552: 1126:and reliance on 958: 951: 944: 930:Money portal 928: 927: 926: 916: 915: 866:Economic history 828: 761: 659:Deficit spending 633:Transfer payment 599: 527:Transfer pricing 473:Leveraged buyout 447:Enterprise value 401: 316:Letter of credit 301:Futures contract 134: 132:Over-the-counter 121:Foreign exchange 68: 55: 32: 21: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6427: 6426: 6377: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6350: 6334: 6302: 6206: 6174: 6158: 6121: 6045: 6036: 6031: 6001: 5992: 5976: 5955: 5939: 5918: 5891: 5837:Open innovation 5728: 5684: 5663: 5637: 5611: 5590: 5559: 5528:Project funding 5519: 5503: 5455: 5420: 5243: 5241:Sharing economy 5238: 5208: 5198: 5196: 5180: 5179: 5175: 5165: 5163: 5153: 5152: 5148: 5138: 5136: 5127: 5126: 5122: 5116:Wayback Machine 5105: 5101: 5091: 5089: 5073: 5072: 5068: 5062:Wayback Machine 5053: 5049: 5045:, LendStats.com 5043:Wayback Machine 5034: 5030: 5020: 5018: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4990: 4988: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4962: 4955: 4949:Wayback Machine 4940: 4936: 4926: 4924: 4908: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4891: 4887: 4876: 4872: 4871: 4867: 4857: 4855: 4842: 4841: 4837: 4827: 4825: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4802:. May 21, 2017. 4798: 4797: 4793: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4754: 4753: 4749: 4739: 4737: 4723: 4722: 4718: 4709: 4705: 4695: 4693: 4680: 4679: 4675: 4665: 4663: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4633: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4588: 4587: 4583: 4573: 4571: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4541: 4539: 4535: 4524: 4520: 4519: 4515: 4505: 4503: 4490: 4489: 4485: 4475: 4473: 4460: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4430: 4429: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4385: 4383: 4370: 4369: 4365: 4355: 4353: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4328:Wayback Machine 4319:Banco Central, 4318: 4314: 4304: 4302: 4289: 4288: 4284: 4274: 4272: 4261:"OSC LaunchPad" 4258: 4257: 4253: 4243: 4241: 4228: 4227: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4195: 4194: 4190: 4180: 4178: 4169: 4168: 4164: 4154: 4152: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4127: 4123: 4116: 4112: 4102: 4100: 4086: 4085: 4081: 4071: 4069: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4041: 4039: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4011: 4009: 3996: 3995: 3991: 3981: 3979: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3950: 3948: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3920: 3918: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3894: 3892: 3888: 3877: 3873: 3872: 3868: 3858: 3856: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3828: 3826: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3802: 3800: 3791: 3790: 3786: 3776: 3774: 3761: 3760: 3756: 3746: 3744: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3716: 3714: 3700: 3699: 3695: 3685: 3683: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3655: 3653: 3640: 3639: 3635: 3625: 3623: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3593: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3565: 3563: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3535: 3533: 3520: 3519: 3515: 3505: 3503: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3440: 3422: 3421: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3387: 3386: 3382: 3372: 3370: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3341: 3339: 3323: 3322: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3298:Financial Times 3290: 3289: 3285: 3275: 3273: 3266:Consumer Action 3259: 3258: 3254: 3244: 3242: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3211: 3209: 3201:Financial Times 3193: 3192: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3124: 3123: 3119: 3109: 3107: 3106:on May 17, 2008 3094: 3093: 3089: 3079: 3077: 3068: 3067: 3060: 3050: 3048: 3032: 3031: 3024: 3014: 3012: 2996: 2995: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2966:Financial Times 2958: 2957: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2922: 2921: 2910: 2900: 2898: 2882: 2881: 2872: 2855: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2835: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2813: 2811: 2795: 2794: 2790: 2780: 2778: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2754: 2752: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2724: 2722: 2707: 2706: 2702: 2692: 2690: 2682:Financial Times 2672: 2671: 2667: 2657: 2655: 2639: 2638: 2634: 2624: 2622: 2609: 2608: 2604: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2577: 2573: 2572: 2568: 2558: 2556: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2528: 2526: 2518:Financial Times 2509: 2508: 2504: 2494: 2492: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2464: 2462: 2454:Financial Times 2446: 2445: 2441: 2431: 2429: 2413: 2412: 2408: 2398: 2396: 2380: 2379: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2329: 2327: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2303: 2301: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2237: 2230: 2228: 2210: 2209: 2200: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2177: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2156:Wayback Machine 2146: 2139: 2129: 2127: 2119:American Banker 2111: 2110: 2106: 2089: 2074: 2073: 2069: 2059: 2057: 2044: 2043: 2039: 2029: 2027: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2003: 2001: 2000:on July 3, 2018 1988: 1987: 1983: 1973: 1971: 1958: 1957: 1953: 1943: 1941: 1928: 1927: 1923: 1913: 1911: 1910:on July 3, 2018 1898: 1897: 1893: 1883: 1881: 1868: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1854: 1805: 1759: 1739: 1712: 1703: 1694: 1689: 1637: 1625: 1604: 1593: 1587: 1584: 1573: 1561: 1550: 1541: 1524: 1511: 1490: 1478: 1469: 1460: 1448: 1424: 1401: 1381: 1325:Sequoia Capital 1303: 1244: 1193: 1188: 1173:servicing loans 1128:social networks 1070: 1068:Characteristics 1041:reverse auction 997:credit checking 962: 924: 922: 910: 898: 897: 868: 858: 857: 849:Fund governance 825: 808: 807: 774:Banking license 765:Bank regulation 752: 723:Deposit account 712: 702: 701: 688:Non-tax revenue 684: 663: 629: 596: 586: 585: 582: 546: 536: 535: 488:Venture capital 452:Risk management 398: 388: 387: 386: 377:Syndicated loan 353: 250: 240: 239: 130: 65: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6435: 6433: 6425: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6402:Social economy 6399: 6394: 6389: 6379: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6348: 6342: 6340: 6336: 6335: 6333: 6332: 6327: 6321: 6319: 6312: 6308: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6253:LandlordInvest 6250: 6245: 6243:Funding Circle 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6223:Assetz Capital 6220: 6214: 6212: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6204: 6199: 6193: 6191: 6184: 6180: 6179: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6172: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6159: 6157: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6140: 6138: 6131: 6127: 6126: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6060: 6058: 6051: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6032: 6030: 6029: 6022: 6015: 6007: 5998: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5984: 5982: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5963: 5961: 5957: 5956: 5954: 5953: 5947: 5945: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5937: 5936: 5935: 5926: 5924: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5916: 5910: 5908: 5901: 5897: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5812:Garden sharing 5809: 5807:Flight sharing 5804: 5802:Expert network 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5705: 5703: 5694: 5690: 5689: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5682: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5619: 5617: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5609: 5604: 5598: 5596: 5595:Music and film 5592: 5591: 5589: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5567: 5565: 5561: 5560: 5558: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5531: 5529: 5525: 5524: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5517: 5511: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5484:Pasporta Servo 5481: 5476: 5471: 5465: 5463: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5437: 5435: 5426: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5392: 5391: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5305: 5304: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5258: 5256: 5255:Transportation 5249: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5237: 5236: 5229: 5222: 5214: 5207: 5206: 5173: 5146: 5120: 5099: 5066: 5047: 5028: 4998: 4968: 4953: 4934: 4901: 4865: 4835: 4805: 4791: 4777: 4760:www.hani.co.kr 4747: 4716: 4703: 4673: 4643: 4613: 4581: 4549: 4513: 4483: 4453: 4423: 4393: 4363: 4333: 4312: 4282: 4251: 4218: 4188: 4162: 4145:www.nevo.co.il 4132: 4121: 4110: 4079: 4049: 4019: 3989: 3958: 3928: 3902: 3884:. April 2016. 3866: 3836: 3810: 3784: 3754: 3724: 3693: 3663: 3633: 3603: 3573: 3543: 3526:www.itouzi.com 3513: 3483: 3450: 3415: 3380: 3349: 3316: 3283: 3252: 3219: 3183: 3165:Bloomberg News 3150: 3117: 3096:"Quiet Period" 3087: 3058: 3022: 2984: 2948: 2908: 2870: 2821: 2788: 2762: 2732: 2714:Bloomberg News 2700: 2665: 2632: 2602: 2566: 2536: 2502: 2472: 2439: 2406: 2370: 2337: 2311: 2278: 2252: 2217:FDIC Quarterly 2198: 2163: 2137: 2104: 2067: 2037: 2020:"Prosper Help" 2011: 1981: 1951: 1934:GOBankingRates 1921: 1891: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1776: 1771: 1758: 1755: 1738: 1735: 1711: 1708: 1702: 1699: 1693: 1692:Interest rates 1690: 1688: 1685: 1680:subprime loans 1665:Québec, Canada 1641:Crowd sourcing 1636: 1633: 1624: 1621: 1606: 1605: 1564: 1562: 1555: 1549: 1546: 1540: 1537: 1523: 1520: 1515:Linked Finance 1510: 1507: 1489: 1486: 1477: 1474: 1468: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1447: 1444: 1423: 1420: 1400: 1397: 1380: 1377: 1302: 1299: 1250:, followed by 1243: 1240: 1200:Funding Circle 1192: 1191:United Kingdom 1189: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1120: 1119: 1112: 1108: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1069: 1066: 1037:interest rates 1018:personal loans 1009:Also known as 964: 963: 961: 960: 953: 946: 938: 935: 934: 933: 932: 920: 908: 900: 899: 896: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 869: 864: 863: 860: 859: 854: 853: 852: 851: 846: 841: 836: 826: 814: 813: 810: 809: 804: 803: 802: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 768: 767: 759: 758: 756:Lists of banks 751: 750: 745: 740: 735: 730: 725: 720: 714: 713: 708: 707: 704: 703: 698: 697: 696: 695: 690: 685: 683: 682: 677: 666: 664: 662: 661: 656: 650: 645: 644: 638: 637: 636: 635: 630: 628: 627: 625:Redistribution 622: 616: 614: 606: 605: 597: 592: 591: 588: 587: 584: 583: 581: 580: 575: 569: 567: 562: 557: 547: 542: 541: 538: 537: 532: 531: 530: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 500: 499: 493: 492: 491: 490: 485: 480: 475: 467: 466: 462: 461: 460: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 406: 405: 399: 394: 393: 390: 389: 385: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 352: 351: 345: 340: 330: 329: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 273: 268: 263: 258: 252: 251: 246: 245: 242: 241: 236: 235: 234: 233: 228: 223: 215: 214: 208: 207: 206: 205: 200: 195: 194: 193: 183: 178: 173: 171:Angel investor 165: 164: 158: 157: 156: 155: 150: 145: 140: 138:Private equity 135: 128: 123: 118: 113: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 75: 74: 66: 61: 60: 57: 56: 48: 47: 41: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6434: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6369: 6368: 6357: 6347: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6337: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6322: 6320: 6316: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6268:Lending Works 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6209: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6161: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6135: 6132: 6128: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6057:United States 6055: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6039: 6035: 6028: 6023: 6021: 6016: 6014: 6009: 6008: 6005: 5989: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5962: 5960:United States 5958: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5946: 5942: 5934: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5905: 5902: 5898: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5822:Home exchange 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5797:Crowdsourcing 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5777:Clothing swap 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5752:Book swapping 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5734: 5731: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5675:ToursByLocals 5673: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5614: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5593: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5566: 5562: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5526: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5451:misterb&b 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5390: 5387: 5386: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 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July 2011. 4882: 4875: 4869: 4866: 4858:September 14, 4853: 4849: 4845: 4839: 4836: 4828:September 26, 4823: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4801: 4795: 4792: 4787: 4781: 4778: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4748: 4735: 4732:(in Korean). 4731: 4727: 4720: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4704: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4674: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4644: 4636:September 26, 4631: 4627: 4626:CNN Indonesia 4623: 4617: 4614: 4601: 4597: 4596: 4591: 4585: 4582: 4574:September 28, 4569: 4565: 4564: 4559: 4553: 4550: 4534: 4530: 4523: 4517: 4514: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4487: 4484: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4462:"Quick Facts" 4457: 4454: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4427: 4424: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4397: 4394: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4364: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4337: 4334: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4322: 4316: 4313: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4286: 4283: 4275:September 28, 4270: 4266: 4262: 4255: 4252: 4244:September 28, 4239: 4235: 4231: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4211:September 28, 4206: 4202: 4198: 4192: 4189: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4163: 4155:September 28, 4150: 4146: 4142: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4114: 4111: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4083: 4080: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4053: 4050: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4023: 4020: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3993: 3990: 3982:September 14, 3977: 3973: 3969: 3962: 3959: 3951:September 16, 3946: 3942: 3938: 3932: 3929: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3903: 3895:September 16, 3887: 3883: 3876: 3870: 3867: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3837: 3824: 3820: 3814: 3811: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3785: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3758: 3755: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3697: 3694: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3667: 3664: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3637: 3634: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3607: 3604: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3577: 3574: 3566:September 28, 3561: 3557: 3553: 3547: 3544: 3536:September 28, 3531: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3514: 3506:September 28, 3501: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3484: 3471: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3451: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3427: 3419: 3416: 3403: 3399: 3398: 3392: 3384: 3381: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3353: 3350: 3337: 3333: 3332: 3327: 3320: 3317: 3304: 3300: 3299: 3294: 3287: 3284: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3253: 3240: 3236: 3235: 3234:The Economist 3230: 3229:"Peer review" 3223: 3220: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3197: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3161: 3154: 3151: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3121: 3118: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3091: 3088: 3075: 3072:. 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Retrieved 1873: 1864: 1774:Lendwithcare 1761: 1760: 1750: 1748: 1740: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1704: 1695: 1677: 1673: 1649: 1638: 1626: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1594: 1585: 1574:Please help 1569:verification 1566: 1542: 1533: 1525: 1512: 1503: 1495: 1491: 1482: 1479: 1470: 1461: 1449: 1441: 1425: 1409: 1402: 1382: 1374: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355:grey markets 1351: 1343:Ponzi scheme 1337: 1314: 1307: 1304: 1295: 1287: 1275: 1260: 1245: 1233: 1230: 1219: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1194: 1148: 1121: 1116:social media 1079: 1071: 1050: 1034: 1011:crowdlending 1010: 1008: 1004:crowdfunding 1001: 972: 968: 967: 819: 748:Money supply 733:Full-reserve 718:Central bank 578:Student loan 553: / 465:Transactions 276:Time deposit 162:Participants 91:Asset growth 29: 6339:New Zealand 6079:LendingClub 6069:Cross River 5550:Kickstarter 5425:Hospitality 5411:Yandex.Taxi 5110:(retrieved 4981:Faith Saves 4818:Yonhap News 4606:October 10, 3331:Tech Crunch 2625:January 31, 2595:January 31, 2559:January 31, 2147:J. 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