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470:[Peter started out as a grocer then a candle maker in Vevey before buying one of François-Louis Cailler's factories. His marriage to the daughter of the latter, coupled with the arrival of town gas which soon marked the death of the candle market, finally propelled Peter to the side of the adventurers of brown gold. Endowed with a keen sense of business, he seeks to make liquid milk chocolate “portionable” and therefore transportable, a challenge of modern times. In the city, natural milk being rare and often falsified with water and chalk...]
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triumph of chocolate manufacturing. His original bar did, however, taste a bit gritty. Another Swiss inventor addressed that problem in 1879 with the invention of conching. Cadbury at the time was trying to compete with the new milk-based Swiss recipe that by 1911 represented half of the world's chocolate consumption. Milk chocolate grew to become the standard of what the public thought chocolate should be.
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501:[For example, it was not possible to grind the cocoa mass as finely as it is today. There was no powdered milk back then, so liquid milk was used. “In the first attempts, the mass had more the texture of a chewy candy. In the end, we ended up with 60 percent cocoa, 30 percent sugar and 10 percent milk," says Schneider.]
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The killer candy was cloaked in a black foil wrapper with gold lettering bearing the brand name "Peter's
Chocolate." Underneath the real chocolate exterior was steel and canvas, and when a piece of chocolate at the end of the bar was broken off and the canvas pulled, it activated a bomb that would
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Daniel Peter (1836-1919) acquired cacao mills from the
Cailler family in 1861, although the contract of sale stipulated that he was not permitted to produce chocolate himself for a period of six-year. in 1867 Daniel Peter began producing chocolate which he marketed under his business pseudonym of
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beverage, so that it could be more easily transported and consumed. However, pure chocolate cannot contain any water, as it prevents it from having a smooth texture. Moisture also favors mildew, therefore a poor shelf life (earlier attempts had been made with small quantities of fresh milk). Peter
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While peter introduced milk chocolate in 1876, his first commercially successful chocolate bar, Chocolat au Lait Gala Peter, debuted in 1887, "Gala" from the Greek means milk, spiritual nourrishment, or abundance. Peter's milk chocolate, containing almost no water, would not mildew or spoil, a
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Peter démarre comme épicier puis fabricant de chandelles à Vevey avant de racheter l'une des fabriques de François-Louis
Cailler. Son mariage avec la fille de ce dernier, couplé à l'arrivée du gaz de ville qui signe bientôt la mort du marché des chandelles, achève de propulser Peter du côté des
762:"The entire over-the-counter candy bar industry is 95 percent milk chocolate. People are weaned on it. Dark chocolate is a connoisseur's chocolate—more tasty, richer. As a result, a person who wants that will never buy milk." —Joe Foscaldo, Marketing Manager for Phillips Candy House (quoted in
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Nach jahrelanger
Forschung gab Daniel Peter im Jahr 1873 die Idee auf, mit Milchpulver Schokolade zu verfeinern. Er versuchte es schliesslich mit Kondensmilch. 1875 gelang es ihm eine aus Kakao, Zucker und Kondensmilch bestehende Schokolade zu entwickeln, die beim Publikum zu einem Grosserfolg
498:
Die
Kakaomasse so fein zu mahlen wie heute war z.B. damals nicht möglich. Milchpulver gab es damals nicht, so wurde Flüssigmilch verwendet. „Bei den ersten Versuchen hatte die Masse eher die Textur eines Kaubonbons. Am Ende sind wir bei 60 Prozent Kakao, 30 Prozent Zucker und 10 Prozent Milch
586:[After years of research, Daniel Peter gave up the idea of refining chocolate with milk powder in 1873. He finally tried condensed milk. In 1875 he succeeded in developing a chocolate made from cocoa, sugar and condensed milk, which was a huge hit with the public.]
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Vermutlich seit Beginn der 1890er Jahre wurde die
Milchschokolade auch in kleinen, dreieckigen Portionen in gepresster Pulverform und einer dreieckigen Verpackung unter dem Namen "Delta Peter" verkauft - ein Vorläufer der 1908 von Theodor Tobler auf den Markt gebrachten
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In 1904, officials from the inquiring company asked Nestlé if they could make space at their Fulton campus for the manufacture of an additional food product: the milk chocolate candy bar. Peter's
Chocolate was anxious to introduce its quality candy bar to the United
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The attempt on
Churchill's life was partly foiled by the Jewish scientist Lord Victor Rothschild, who was working for the security services. Rothschild asked an artist named Laurence Fish to draw up posters of the chocolate and warn the public to watch out for the
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aventuriers de l'or brun. Doté d'un sens aigu des affaires, il cherche à rendre le chocolat au lait liquide «portionnable» et donc transportable, gageure des temps modernes. À la ville, le lait naturel étant rare et souvent falsifié avec de l'eau et de la craie...
799:[Presumably since the beginning of the 1890s, milk chocolate was also sold in small, triangular portions in pressed powder form and a triangular packaging under the name "Delta Peter" - a forerunner of the Toblerone launched by Theodor Tobler in 1908!]
264:(who was known to have a sweet tooth) with fake Peter's Chocolate bars. Underneath a real chocolate exterior were flat slabs of explosive which would have been activated by the breaking of a bar. The attempt on Churchill's life was prevented by the scientist
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of the early 19th century. After gas lighting was installed in the town, Peter focused on the production of chocolate. His business started after the acquisition of one of
Cailler's factories at Rue des Bosquets, which was therefore first named
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explode after a seven-second delay. MI5 believed Nazi secret agents were plotting to smuggle the explosive chocolate into the War
Cabinet and into the hands of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who was known to have a sweet tooth.
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in 1901. The factory was later dismantled with the exception of a 52-metre-tall chimney (preserved and refurbished in 2021). The same year, Peter's Chocolate was exported to the United Kingdom. In 1904, the company merged with
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brand in the 1890s, which consisted of milk and cocoa powder that could be added to water to make a chocolate drink. Peter used a triangular packaging, with each individual triangle of pressed powder to be used for one cup.
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The Nazis' plan was to work thus: Flat slabs of explosive were stuck to a piece of canvas, which was then coated in a thin layer of chocolate. The bomb was then packaged as Peter's Chocolate - a luxury item, especially in
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The first use of milk in a solid chocolate product is commonly attributed to Daniel Peter in 1875. Before this, combinations of milk and cocoa solids were consumed as beverage during the eighteenth century.
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Daniel Peter found that by drying his dark chocolate paste with Nestlé's sweetened condensed milk he could achieve his aim. In the process he developed the first crumb-based milk chocolate.
694:[Over the years, this 52 meter high chimney, erected at the time for the Daniel Peter chocolate factory, has become "an emblem" for Nestlé, but also for the city of northern Vaud.]
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but without success. In 1875, a first version of solid milk chocolate was created and commercialized. However, it is only in 1887 that the final product was developed, with the help of
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Au fil des ans, cette cheminée de 52 mètres de haut, érigée à l'époque pour la chocolaterie Daniel Peter, est devenue "un emblème" pour Nestlé, mais aussi pour la cité du Nord vaudois.
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Figure 9 shows a man who is obviously supposed to appear as Swiss and "traditionally dressed." He has just reached a mountaintop in the Alps, and waves Peter's milk chocolate.
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This meant that he had much less water to evaporate, and he was able to remove the remaining amount using relatively cheap water-powered machines.
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rights and specific trade dress to all packaged coffee and other products under the Starbucks brand owned by Nestlé since 2019. Brand owned by
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The company was established by Daniel Peter in 1867, who was originally a grocer and candle maker based in Vevey. He was also the son-in-law of
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in the United States. By 1911, Peter's milk chocolate recipe represented half of the world's chocolate consumption. Milk chocolate replaced
2459:. Produced by Cereal Partners, branded as Nestlé. Produced by Cereal Partners and branded as Nestlé in the U.K. and Ireland. Produced by
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in 2002. Peter's Chocolate was recurrently advertised with the image of a traditionally dressed man waving a chocolate bar, often with an
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invented by Lindt in 1879, which would refine the chocolate and make it smooth and homogeneous. The new milk chocolate bar was named
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to form Peter Cailler Kohler. In 1907, the first production line was opened abroad with the collaboration of Nestlé, in
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In 1867, Daniel Peter, François-Louis Cailler's son-in-law, started producing chocolate under the name Peter-Cailler.
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with a different product. U.S. rights and specific trade dress owned by Nestlé; rights elsewhere owned by
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The Tale of Tea: A Comprehensive History of Tea from Prehistoric Times to the Present Day
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Fierce History: 5,000 years of startling stories from Ireland and around the globe
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Chocolate Fads, Folklore & Fantasies: 1,000+ Chunks of Chocolate Information
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Babka, Boulou, & Blintzes: Jewish Chocolate Recipes from around the World
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847:"Nazis Planned to Kill Winston Churchill With an Exploding Chocolate Bar"
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Innovationen: Voraussetzungen und Folgen, Antriebskräfte und Widerstände
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2467:. Singaporean, Malaysian and Thai production rights owned by
122:. It is notably the company who produced the first successful
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Hoffmann, Frank (2020). "Chapter IV: Chocolate Fantaisies".
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International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes
705:
Farfaglia, Jim (2018). "Peter's Chocolate comes to town".
920:
672:"Nouvelle jeunesse pour la cheminée industrielle d'Orbe"
268:, who warned the public to watch out for the fake bars.
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meaning 'milk', 'spiritual nourishment' or 'abundance'.
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483:"Rekonstruktion der ersten Milchschokolade gelungen"
449:[The forgotten inventor of milk chocolate].
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549:Beckett's Industrial Chocolate Manufacture and Use
233:to form Peter Kohler and, in 1911, it merged with
191:, which he further dehydrated. This is called the
89:Brand owned by Cargill & Nestlé since 2002
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572:"ZUG: Schoggi-Erbe zwingt Nestlé in die Knie"
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2843:Food and drink companies established in 1867
708:Nestlé in Fulton, New York: How Sweet It Was
451:Feuille des Avis Officiels du canton de Vaud
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2451:. U.S. rights and production owned by the
343:Chocolate and Blackness: A Cultural History
299:List of bean-to-bar chocolate manufacturers
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447:"L'inventeur oublié du chocolat au lait"
195:process. He previously also tried using
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2396:Maggi noodles safety concerns in India
880:. Green Bean Books. 2021. p. 12.
845:Klein, Christopher (28 January 2021).
183:ultimately solved the issue by using
7:
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2439:in the U.S. and Canada. Produced by
158:Traditional ad for Peter's Chocolate
138:in 1929. The brand was purchased by
2848:1860s establishments in Switzerland
639:Chocolate: A Cultural Encyclopedia
166:, a pioneering (and neighbouring)
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2351:Nestea European Championship Tour
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570:Marks, Bernard (10 April 2016).
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2734:1971 Iraq poison grain disaster
248:Daniel Peter also launched the
1123:Lactalis-Nestlé Fresh Products
499:angelangt", erzählt Schneider.
487:Technische Universität Dresden
481:Mayer, Susann (January 2021).
1:
2823:Companies established in 1867
998:(Nestlé Waters North America)
411:van Driem, George L. (2019).
346:. Campus Verlag. p. 78.
245:as the "standard" chocolate.
373:Rowntrees: The Early History
209:
114:producer founded in 1867 by
1062:Beverage Partners Worldwide
778:Gilomen, Hans-Jörg (2001).
134:in 1911, and was bought by
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2435:Currently manufactured by
2371:Nestlé Smarties Book Prize
1617:Rowntree's Fruit Pastilles
546:Beckett, Steve T. (2017).
520:Royal Society of Chemistry
340:Hackenesch, Silke (2017).
2833:Swiss chocolate companies
2620:Pauline MacMillan Keinath
2600:Marianne Cargill Liebmann
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1067:Cereal Partners Worldwide
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636:Collins, Ross F. (2022).
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2666:Wilbur Chocolate Company
2625:Gwendolyn Sontheim Meyer
2457:Associated British Foods
1967:California Pizza Kitchen
784:. Chronos. p. 146.
515:The Science of Chocolate
189:Anglo-Swiss Milk Company
2635:Marion MacMillan Pictet
2595:William Wallace Cargill
2487:in the U.S. since 2020.
2465:Alaska Milk Corporation
2422:Controversies of Nestlé
512:Beckett, S. T. (2019).
370:Chrystal, Paul (2021).
207:, after the Greek word
173:Peter-Cailler & Cie
2656:Cargill Meat Solutions
2453:Smarties Candy Company
2320:Peter Brabeck-Letmathe
1077:Nestlé Toll House Café
980:Nestlé Wyeth Nutrition
810:Murphy, Colin (2018).
266:Lord Victor Rothschild
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164:François-Louis Cailler
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2744:Criticisms of Cargill
2590:Margaret Anne Cargill
2473:Ferrara Candy Company
2417:List of Nestlé brands
2208:Galderma Laboratories
1800:Seattle's Best Coffee
1612:Rowntree's Fruit Gums
1567:Nestlé Milk Chocolate
1295:Cinnamon Toast Crunch
970:Nestlé Purina PetCare
605:John Wiley & Sons
554:John Wiley & Sons
219:
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16:Swiss chocolate brand
2828:Brand name chocolate
2749:2018 Virginia strike
2682:Frontier Agriculture
2610:Cargill MacMillan Sr
2605:Cargill MacMillan Jr
2575:Austen S. Cargill II
2366:Nestlé Rowntree F.C.
917:at Wikimedia Commons
193:milk chocolate crumb
126:bar. It merged with
2585:James R. Cargill II
2449:The Hershey Company
2361:Nestlé Invitational
2356:1977 Nestlé boycott
2275:Rowntree Mackintosh
1713:Chameleon Cold-Brew
1527:Mackintosh's Toffee
378:Pen and Sword Books
321:. Peter's Chocolate
21:
2687:The Mosaic Company
2381:Toll House cookies
2183:Chocolate Surpresa
2148:Former brands and
1693:Blue Bottle Coffee
713:Arcadia Publishing
682:. 24 December 2021
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915:Peter's Chocolate
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818:The O'Brien Press
262:Winston Churchill
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2391:Nescafé Basement
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185:condensed milk
180:chocolate milk
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124:milk chocolate
110:) was a Swiss
104:Chocolat Peter
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1036:Nestlé Canada
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975:Nestlé Waters
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522:. p. 5.
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453:(in French).
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108:Peter-Cailler
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59:Kohler (1904)
58:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:Gala peter ad
28:
23:
2838:Swiss brands
2702:
2651:Cargill Ltd.
2644:Subsidiaries
2511:
2499:
2376:Nestlé Tower
2330:Henri Nestlé
2270:Powwow Water
2260:Polly Waffle
2249:
2235:Ice Mountain
2173:Butterfinger
2150:subsidiaries
1997:Lean Pockets
1987:Lean Cuisine
1761:Nescafé Gold
1647:White Knight
1465:Coffee Crisp
1367:and desserts
1330:Lucky Charms
1300:Cookie Crisp
1264:S.Pellegrino
1254:Princes Gate
1220:
1086:Other assets
1046:Nestlé Lanka
1039:Nestlé Japan
1026:Nestlé India
1019:Subsidiaries
891:
876:
870:
861:
854:. Retrieved
840:
831:
812:
805:
795:
780:
773:
764:Boston Globe
763:
761:
742:
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707:
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684:. Retrieved
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575:. Retrieved
565:
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490:. Retrieved
476:
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459:. Retrieved
450:
441:
432:
413:
406:
398:
391:. Retrieved
372:
365:
357:
342:
335:
323:. Retrieved
313:
258:World War II
255:
249:
247:
223:
204:
177:
172:
161:
116:Daniel Peter
107:
95:
94:
66:Acquired by
65:
48:Daniel Peter
2778:Switzerland
2315:Paul Bulcke
2290:Zephyrhills
2285:Wonder Ball
2240:Jenny Craig
2120:Uncle Tobys
2100:Frosty Paws
2085:Fancy Feast
2037:Yinlu Foods
2022:Uncle Tobys
1982:Hot Pockets
1900:Häagen-Dazs
1895:Frosty Paws
1849:Coffee-Mate
1726:Dolce Gusto
1721:Coffee-Mate
1666:Coffee and
1642:Walnut Whip
1597:Red Ripperz
1532:Matchmakers
1517:Life Savers
1425:Black Magic
1420:Blue Riband
1395:After Eight
1335:Milo Cereal
1325:Lion Cereal
1305:Corn Flakes
1244:Acqua Panna
1153:Dolce Gusto
1111:Yinlu Foods
851:History.com
319:"Our Story"
250:Delta Peter
168:chocolatier
106:, formerly
2812:Categories
2461:Post Foods
2007:Stouffer's
1954:and snacks
1885:Eskimo Pie
1854:La Lechera
1839:Bear Brand
1815:Sweet Leaf
1749:Milo cocoa
1739:La Lechera
1607:Rowntree's
1572:Passatempo
1375:Animal Bar
1365:Chocolate
1221:Toll House
1184:Bear Brand
1141:Appliances
1093:Hsu Fu Chi
797:Toblerone!
305:References
205:Gala Peter
2802:Companies
2230:Hoadley's
2223:Restylane
2188:Deer Park
2178:Baby Ruth
2168:Arrowhead
2163:Alfasigma
2017:Tombstone
1925:Mövenpick
1880:Drumstick
1875:D'Onofrio
1868:Ice cream
1844:Carnation
1805:Starbucks
1775:Nespresso
1703:Carnation
1668:beverages
1622:Sin Parar
1435:Breakaway
1350:Shreddies
1259:Pure Life
1163:Special.T
1158:Nespresso
959:Divisions
856:14 August
748:Routledge
686:14 August
676:Radio Lac
577:15 August
461:14 August
393:14 August
325:14 August
187:from the
146:scenery.
112:chocolate
86:Successor
56:Mergers:
2696:Products
2501:Category
2265:PowerBar
2213:Cetaphil
2193:Dreyer's
2128:Cheerios
2095:Friskies
2080:Dog Chow
1972:DiGiorno
1940:Smarties
1810:Supligen
1790:Ovaltine
1770:Nesfruta
1730:Huesitos
1675:Abuelita
1627:Smarties
1582:Perugina
1562:Negresco
1557:Munchies
1542:Milkybar
1455:Cheekies
1450:Carlos V
1415:Big Turk
1380:Abuelita
1290:Chocapic
1285:Cheerios
1028:(62.76%)
989:Divested
833:wartime.
644:ABC-CLIO
272:See also
201:conching
2764:Portals
2708:Rebiana
2661:Provimi
2556:Cargill
2513:Commons
2485:Froneri
2401:Freshly
2344:Related
2138:Weeties
2110:Winalot
2070:Beneful
2027:Winiary
1992:Libby's
1962:Buitoni
1930:Parlour
1920:Maxibon
1915:Kit Kat
1905:Hjem-IS
1859:Nesquik
1780:Nesquik
1754:Nescafé
1717:Chuckie
1688:BabyNes
1684:Acticor
1657:ZveÄŤevo
1632:Svitoch
1500:Kit Kat
1495:Goobers
1480:Drifter
1460:Chokito
1445:Caramac
1440:Cailler
1405:Bar One
1400:Allen's
1310:Fitness
1278:Cereals
1249:Perrier
1239:Contrex
1223:cookies
1215:Libby's
1189:Cerelac
1179:BabyNes
1148:BabyNes
1101:(30.3%)
1099:L'Oréal
1072:Froneri
492:16 June
256:During
235:Cailler
150:History
140:Cargill
132:Cailler
77:Cargill
45:Founder
37:Founded
2718:Truvia
2563:People
2303:People
2245:Ozarka
2218:Epiduo
2203:Gale's
2198:Enviga
2032:Wagner
1935:Savory
1834:Alpine
1819:Zoégas
1795:Ricoré
1785:Nestea
1765:Nescau
1744:Menier
1680:Alpine
1652:Yorkie
1552:Mirage
1512:Kohler
1490:Garoto
1475:Crunch
1269:Vittel
1208:Baking
1194:Gerber
1133:Brands
1119:(100%)
1117:Malher
1107:(100%)
952:Nestlé
884:
824:
788:
754:
728:States
719:
680:Geneva
650:
611:
584:wurde.
526:
425:
384:
350:
239:Fulton
231:Kohler
144:Alpine
136:Nestlé
128:Kohler
100:French
73:(1929)
71:Nestlé
2158:Alcon
2090:Felix
2075:Bonio
2012:Thomy
2002:Maggi
1977:Herta
1698:Boost
1485:Fox's
1470:Crisp
1113:(60%)
1095:(60%)
893:bars.
120:Vevey
2790:Food
2481:Mars
2133:PLUS
2055:Alpo
1734:Klim
1708:Caro
1602:Rolo
1587:Polo
1547:Milo
1522:Lion
1430:Bono
1385:Aero
1345:Trix
1199:Nido
1105:Osem
882:ISBN
858:2022
822:ISBN
786:ISBN
752:ISBN
717:ISBN
688:2022
648:ISBN
609:ISBN
579:2022
524:ISBN
494:2023
463:2022
423:ISBN
395:2022
382:ISBN
348:ISBN
327:2022
226:Orbe
210:gala
53:Fate
40:1867
2475:.
2105:ONE
1890:Fab
1637:TEX
118:in
2814::
2477:NA
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2766::
2548:e
2541:t
2534:v
944:e
937:t
930:v
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329:.
98:(
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