1066:
1937:
514:
711:
693:
667:
826:
would adjudge the contest; the
English king, heeding the pope, however, refused to take part. Peter left John of Procida in charge of Sicily and returned via his own kingdom to Bordeaux, which he entered in disguise to evade a suspected French ambush. Needless to say, no combat ever took place and
817:
as a feudal kingdom of Peter III (making the Crown of Aragon an indissoluble unity). Peter pressed his advantage and by
February 1283 had taken most of the Calabrian coastline. Charles, perhaps feeling desperate, sent letters to Peter demanding they resolve the conflict by personal combat. Peter
40:
1203:
Peter made his final testament on 2 November 1285. In it he instructed his successor to return the kingdom of Sicily to the pope and to release all
Angevin prisoners of war. Although the will was copied into the royal register, it was ignored by his successors. Peter's eldest son,
1118:
The King of France himself was afflicted. The King of
Navarre, the heir apparent to the French throne, opened negotiations with Peter for free passage for the royal family through the Pyrenees. But the troops were not offered such passage and were decimated at the
880:, against the government of Charles I of Anjou. The noble sicilian rebels asked for Peter for help and offered him the crown as they considered his wife Constance their rightful Queen, and after receiving an embassy from the people of
1087:
entered
Roussillon. They included 16,000 cavalry, 17,000 crossbowmen, and 100,000 infantry, along with 100 ships in south French ports. Though the French had James's support, the local populace rose against them. The city of
1103:
in an attempt to besiege it. The resistance was strong, but the city was taken. Charles was crowned there, but without an actual crown. The French soon experienced a reversal, however, at the hands of
798:
Constance thus claimed to her father's throne, supported by her husband, but the claim was fruitless, as
Charles was supported by the Papacy and his power remained stronger. The election of a new
584:, began a long fight over the inheritance of his county. Meanwhile, a good portion of the county had been repossessed by Peter's father, James I, and was thus inherited by Peter in 1276. In 1278,
636:
in 1280 under Conrad de Llansa designed to re-establish his suzerainty. In 1281, he himself prepared to lead a fleet of 140 ships with 15,000 men to invade
Tunisia on behalf of the governor of
1196:. His deathbed absolution occurred after he declared that his conquests had been in the name of his familial claims and never against the claims of the church. His remains are entombed in a
1216:, later succeeded James as king of Sicily. Peter did not provide for his illegitimate youngest son and namesake, Peter. This Peter left Spain for Portugal with his half-sister Elizabeth.
2917:
1176:
was converted into a convenient tool of political propaganda in which each side could, directly or allegorically, present its case and procure sympathy propitious to its cause.
565:. The rebels had developed a hatred for Peter as a result of the severity of his dealings with them during the reign of his father. Now they opposed him for not summoning the
2912:
818:
accepted and
Charles returned to France to arrange the duel. Both kings chose six knights to settle on places and dates, and a duel was scheduled for 1 June at
588:, Ălvar's eldest son, succeeded in recovering most of his lost patrimony and came to an agreement with Peter whereby he recognised the latter as his suzerain.
2408:
2130:
1872:
1051:, another son of the French king and great-nephew of Charles I of Anjou. Papal sanction was given to a war to conquer Aragon on behalf of Charles of Valois.
2872:
2548:
2765:
2480:
1339:
321:
2877:
2897:
2255:
1242:
745:
439:
419:
866:
518:
1139:
Peter matched his father in patronage of the arts and literature, but unlike him he was a lover of verse, not prose. He favoured the
2734:
1725:
1702:
2729:
2401:
2225:
2123:
1865:
1393:
1162:
671:
592:
554:
775:. Michael refused to aid the Aragonese king without papal approval, and so John voyaged to Rome and there gained the consent of
771:. John travelled to Sicily to stir up the discontents in favour of Peter and thence to Constantinople to procure the support of
2882:
2823:
2375:
581:
2447:
2365:
2079:
1911:
1120:
558:
1368:
580:
died in 1268, the families of his two wives, Constance, a daughter of Pere de
Montcada of Bearn, and Cecilia, a daughter of
2818:
2506:
2330:
2054:
1065:
460:
316:
2887:
2220:
932:
1671:
2922:
2892:
2661:
2394:
2116:
1858:
661:
585:
562:
301:
980:
was to be a tenaciously pursued inheritance for the
Aragonese royal house and its heirs for the next five centuries.
446:. During his youth and early adulthood, Peter gained a great deal of military experience in his father's wars of the
2902:
2615:
2215:
1881:
1816:
993:
577:
415:
391:
387:
115:
2713:
2692:
2485:
1591:
1363:
1213:
1185:
1096:, late count of Roussillon. Eventually he was overcome and the cathedral was burnt; the royal forces progressed.
1043:
as well as access to the Balearic Islands. In October, Peter began preparing the defences of Catalonia. In 1284,
988:
Peter was dealing with domestic unrest at the time when the French were preparing an invasion of Aragon. He took
970:
546:
483:
227:
223:
2802:
2781:
2646:
1127:, the capital of James II of Majorca (who had fled in fear after being confronted by Peter), and was buried in
1084:
1048:
911:
Catalan ground troops were commanded by Guillem Galceran de CartellĂ , and were formed by the famous and feared
905:
809:
Peter nevertheless had begun making strategic alliances with his neighbouring monarchs. Peter made his brother
772:
675:
306:
1107:, back from the Italian theatre of the drawn-out conflict. The French fleet was defeated and destroyed at the
2907:
2610:
2574:
2270:
2245:
2200:
1317:
1108:
834:, establishing a strong alliance between realms by signing the treaties of Campillo and Ăgreda in 1281 with
792:
749:
617:
927:, and constantly repelled Angevin attacks to the island. Roger de Lauria defeated the French forces at the
892:
on 30 August 1282. He was proclaimed King in Palermo on 4 September. Charles was forced to flee across the
2786:
2760:
2620:
2320:
2290:
2230:
2031:
2008:
1835:
258:
181:
1672:"La muerte de los miembros de la realeza hispånica medieval a través de los testimonios historiogråficos"
2651:
2564:
2305:
2280:
2210:
2016:
1973:
1799:
1249:
1205:
862:
768:
696:
Peter III preparing his trip to Sicily. The king receives the visit of two Dominican friars, envoyes of
523:
108:
1604:
Memories Lost in the Middle Ages: Collective Forgetting as an Alternative Procedure of Social Cohesion
2867:
2862:
2656:
2625:
2600:
2584:
2474:
2370:
2285:
2235:
2195:
1983:
1953:
1926:
1417:
Additionally, he had 3 illegitimate children with Maria Nicolau before marrying Constance of Sicily:
1189:
1040:
997:
936:
839:
835:
637:
464:
2750:
2666:
2543:
2457:
2452:
2350:
2340:
2310:
2205:
2190:
2074:
2064:
2021:
1921:
1916:
1753:
1293:
1073:
1032:
1005:
958:
870:
850:
846:
823:
810:
729:
539:
513:
495:
479:
311:
1936:
2708:
2641:
2605:
2569:
2501:
2345:
2335:
2295:
2275:
2265:
2250:
2185:
2166:
2139:
2069:
2059:
1988:
1978:
1958:
1945:
1901:
1842:
1809:
1663:
The Worlds of Alfonso the Learned and James the Conqueror: Intellect and Force in the Middle Ages
1271:
1209:
1197:
893:
858:
831:
814:
788:
679:
649:
487:
435:
401:
356:
336:
171:
161:
63:
1893:
1154:
1093:
1229:
sees Peter "singing in accord" with his former rival, Charles I of Anjou, outside the gates of
39:
2755:
2579:
2522:
2431:
2360:
2355:
2325:
2315:
2176:
2156:
2097:
2046:
2036:
2026:
1963:
1906:
1885:
1780:
1721:
1698:
1679:
1312:
1168:
As well the wars with Philip III of France and James II of Majorca furnished material for new
1060:
977:
966:
897:
854:
802:
in 1277 gave the King of Aragon a glimpse of hope, but Nicholas died in 1280 and a pro-French
799:
776:
757:
737:
625:
475:
443:
431:
411:
346:
285:
98:
1602:
Hans-Joachim Schmidt, "The King of Sicily's Testaments: Hidden, Falsified and Forgotten," in
1153:, a troubadour. The second is part of a compilation of five compositions from Peter himself,
2687:
2682:
2300:
2147:
2089:
1998:
1993:
1400:
Peter had a relationship with Ines Zapata between 1275-1280 and had the following children:
1358:
877:
645:
573:
491:
59:
873:. Despite all these alliances, Peter kept his bad relationship with the Kingdom of France.
2161:
1787:
1226:
1104:
1025:
1001:
928:
924:
767:
acted on behalf of Peter in Sicily. John had fled to Aragon after Charles' success at the
764:
733:
471:
231:
206:
1092:
was valiantly defended by the so-called "bastard of Roussillon", the illegitimate son of
1714:
1044:
901:
803:
784:
697:
621:
566:
550:
55:
710:
692:
666:
2856:
1221:
1158:
989:
942:
The conquest of Sicily was financed by Jewish contributions and taxes charged to the
720:
702:
684:
46:
752:
and rightful heir to the throne of Sicily after the deaths of her father and cousin
1193:
885:
741:
244:
17:
876:
On 30 March 1282 there was a popular uprising in the Kingdom of Sicily called the
644:
in 1282. It was these Aragonese troops that received a Sicilian embassy after the
1111:
on 4 September 1285. In addition, the French camp was hit hard by an epidemic of
459:
In June 1275, Peter besieged, captured, and executed his rebellious half-brother
1823:
1140:
1036:
780:
448:
122:
912:
632:
threw off the yoke of Aragonese suzerainty. Peter first sent an expedition to
1692:
1683:
1678:(in Spanish). No. 34. Madrid: Universidad Complutense. pp. 97â132.
1592:
El PaĂs, news on discovery of mummy of Peter III at Monastery of Santes Creus
410:) from 1276 to his death. At the invitation of some rebels, he conquered the
1230:
1145:
1124:
1112:
1013:
718:. The king is depicted directing the landing, next to his wife Constance.
2240:
1389:
1150:
1128:
1077:
1017:
916:
819:
753:
596:
502:
202:
756:
fighting against Charles's invading forces. This made Peter the heir of
2417:
889:
881:
783:. John then returned to Barcelona but the Pope died, to be replaced by
715:
629:
331:
2386:
2108:
1850:
1100:
944:
600:
1410:
Pedro of Aragon. Married in Portugal with Constança Mendes da Silva.
849:, Peter established a marital alliance by which his eldest daughter
569:, and confirming its privileges after his ascension to the throne.
1064:
920:
709:
691:
665:
641:
633:
538:
Peter's first act as king was to complete the pacification of his
512:
453:
813:
sign the treaty of Perpignan in 1279, in which he recognized the
1654:
Medieval Self-Coronations: The History and Symbolism of a Ritual
1089:
2390:
2112:
1854:
1631:
1629:
1627:
542:, an action which had been underway before his father's death.
27:
King of Aragon and Valencia (1276â85); King of Sicily (1282â85)
1737:
The Rise of the Spanish Empire in the Old World and in the New
1149:. The first is in the form of an exchange between himself and
908:
for providing Peter with 60,000 gold pieces to invade Sicily.
1756:(1951). "Un trovador valenciano: Pedro el Grande de AragĂłn".
1039:. This gave the French free passage into Catalonia through
603:
until 1281, while Roger-Bernard was imprisoned until 1284.
830:
He also had a long-lasting friendly relationship with the
599:
for a month. Most of the rebel leaders were imprisoned in
949:
The infant Alfonso demanded them an allowance of 200,000
1524:
1522:
1208:, inherited Aragon while Sicily went to his second son,
1008:
from invading on that front. Peter held meetings of the
1614:
1612:
1539:
1537:
1485:
1483:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1035:
joined the French and recognised their suzerainty over
572:
At the same time, a succession crisis continued in the
494:
beyond the Pyrenees went to the second son, who became
1739:. Vol. 1: The Middle Ages. The Macmillan Company.
591:
In 1280, Peter defeated the stewing rebellion led by
486:
went to Peter III as being the eldest son; while the
2811:
2795:
2774:
2743:
2722:
2701:
2675:
2634:
2593:
2557:
2531:
2515:
2494:
2466:
2440:
2424:
2175:
2146:
2088:
2045:
2007:
1944:
1892:
648:of 30 March asking Peter to take their throne from
352:
342:
330:
284:
252:
238:
212:
191:
187:
177:
167:
157:
132:
114:
104:
94:
69:
54:
32:
1713:
1083:In 1284, the first French armies under Philip and
822:. A hundred knights would accompany each side and
678:, demanding Peter to intervene in the war against
505:in November 1276 by the archbishop of Tarragona.
827:Peter returned to find a very turbulent Aragon.
795:. This set the stage for the upcoming conflict.
470:On his father's death in 1276, the lands of the
1579:
700:trying to convince him not to sail to Sicily.
2402:
2124:
1866:
1635:
8:
2918:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
1076:(1891), DiputaciĂłn Provincial de Zaragoza,
670:Peter III gives audience to ambassadors of
2409:
2395:
2387:
2131:
2117:
2109:
1873:
1859:
1851:
1769:
1748:. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press.
1123:. Philip III of France died in October at
1099:In 1285, Philip entrenched himself before
923:. Peter's powerful fleet was commanded by
779:, who feared the ascent of Charles in the
624:Emir of Tunisia who had put himself under
38:
29:
2913:People of the War of the Sicilian Vespers
2662:Frederick I, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
418:in 1282, pressing the claim of his wife,
2616:William II, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
1455:
1388:25 August 1296). Married Guillemette of
1131:. James was declared a vassal of Peter.
545:However, a revolt soon broke out in the
1744:Previté-Orton, Charles William (1960).
1528:
1513:
1501:
1474:
1436:
1188:in November 1285, just one month after
1070:Peter III the Great at Col de Panissars
969:75,000 and 100,000 were charged to the
939:, son of Charles I, was made prisoner.
744:, which was the house of Peter's wife,
474:were divided amongst his two sons. The
2481:Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Provence
1746:The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History
1567:
1555:
1543:
1489:
1340:Yolande of Aragon, Duchess of Calabria
2611:Manfred, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
1618:
1606:(Brepols, 2023), pp. 167â183, at 180.
1443:
1192:, and was buried in the Monastery of
7:
1661:Burns, Robert Ignatius, ed. (1985).
1020:in 1283. He was forced to grant the
857:. Peter also made alliance with the
787:, a Frenchman and a staunch ally of
524:Usatici et Constitutiones Cataloniae
501:Peter and Constance were crowned in
422:, uniting the kingdom to the crown.
274:
1670:Cabrera SĂĄnchez, Margarita (2011).
1184:Peter died from unknown causes at
25:
1694:A History of AragĂłn and Catalonia
1047:granted the Kingdom of Aragon to
517:Audience of Peter III of Aragon;
438:. On 13 June 1262, Peter married
1935:
1735:Merriman, Roger Bigelow (1918).
1421:Jaime Perez of Aragon (d. 1285).
1165:, and an anonymous contributor.
672:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
559:Arnold Roger I of Pallars SobirĂ
2873:13th-century Aragonese monarchs
2824:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
1758:Revista Valenciana de FilologĂa
996:, he renewed the alliance with
270:
2585:Ferdinand, Viscount of Aumelas
1200:sarcophagus at the monastery.
1121:Battle of the Col de Panissars
1031:Also in 1283, Peter's brother
904:excommunicated both Peter and
595:after besieging the rebels in
1:
2507:Alfonso II, Count of Provence
1665:. Princeton University Press.
1656:. Cambridge University Press.
1394:Gaston VII, Viscount of BĂ©arn
1374:
1343:
1297:
1143:, having himself created two
714:Peter III's fleet landing at
528:
380:
317:Frederick III, King of Sicily
291:
195:
2878:13th-century kings of Sicily
2766:Peter, Count of Alburquerque
1427:Beatriz of Aragon (d. 1316).
1294:Elizabeth, Queen of Portugal
430:Peter was the eldest son of
322:Yolande, Duchess of Calabria
312:Elizabeth, Queen of Portugal
2898:House of Barcelona (Sicily)
1788:King of Aragon and Valencia
1172:and during this period the
662:War of the Sicilian Vespers
656:War of the Sicilian Vespers
302:Alfonso III, King of Aragon
2939:
1716:Byzantium and the Crusades
1058:
992:from the rebellious noble
659:
461:Fernando SĂĄnchez de Castro
442:, daughter and heiress of
137:4 September 1282
2832:
2714:James II, Count of Urgell
2693:Peter II, Count of Urgell
2486:Sancho, Count of Provence
2479:Peter, Count of Cerdanya/
1933:
1839:
1814:
1806:
1796:
1785:
1777:
1772:
1712:Harris, Jonathan (2003).
1328:13 December 1272 –
1225:, (Purgatory, Canto VII)
1163:Roger-Bernard III of Foix
1004:in an attempt to prevent
555:Roger-Bernard III of Foix
549:, led by the viscount of
547:Principality of Catalonia
484:Principality of Catalonia
37:
2837:also a prince of Majorca
2803:John, Prince of Asturias
2782:Charles, Prince of Viana
2647:James I, Count of Urgell
1260:4 November 1265 –
1049:Charles, Count of Valois
906:Michael VIII Palaiologos
896:and be content with his
773:Michael VIII Palaiologos
676:Michael VIII Palaiologos
582:Roger-Bernard II of Foix
307:James II, King of Aragon
2842:also a prince of Sicily
2575:Frederick III of Sicily
1318:Frederick III of Sicily
1282:10 August 1267 –
1109:Battle of Les Formigues
732:, with the approval of
618:Muhammad I al-Mustansir
2883:Catalan-language poets
2761:Henry, Duke of Villena
2657:Frederick IV of Sicily
2621:John, Duke of Randazzo
1691:Chaytor, H.J. (1933).
1652:Aurell, Jaume (2020).
1357:August 1302), married
1311:4 July 1336). Married
1243:Constance II of Sicily
1186:Vilafranca del PenedĂšs
1080:
763:The Italian physician
760:in right of his wife.
746:Constance II of Sicily
725:
707:
689:
640:. The fleet landed at
535:
440:Constance II of Sicily
420:Constance II of Sicily
259:Constance II of Sicily
224:Vilafranca del PenedĂšs
182:Constance II of Sicily
74:27 July 1276
1720:. London: Hambledon.
1676:En la España medieval
1424:Juan Perez of Aragon.
1250:Alfonso III of Aragon
1068:
984:Later domestic unrest
769:Battle of Tagliacozzo
742:house of Hohenstaufen
713:
695:
669:
516:
386:â November 1285) was
2626:James III of Majorca
1580:Cabrera SĂĄnchez 2011
1190:Philip III of France
1024:to the newly formed
998:Sancho IV of Castile
861:, engaging his heir
836:Alfonso X of Castile
563:Ermengol X of Urgell
434:and his second wife
426:Youth and succession
145:â November 1285
82:â November 1285
2888:Counts of Barcelona
2667:James IV of Majorca
2544:James II of Majorca
2009:House of TrastĂĄmara
1697:. London: Methuen.
1582:, pp. 112â113.
1446:, pp. 214â215.
1404:Fernando of Aragon.
1033:James II of Majorca
1006:Philip I of Navarre
959:Kingdom of Valencia
871:Edward I of England
855:Denis I of Portugal
851:Elizabeth of Aragon
847:Kingdom of Portugal
824:Edward I of England
811:James II of Majorca
730:Charles I of Naples
540:Valencian territory
496:James II of Majorca
480:Kingdom of Valencia
365:Peter III of Aragon
18:Peter III of AragĂłn
2923:Valencian monarchs
2893:House of Barcelona
2819:Charles I of Spain
2709:Martin I of Sicily
2606:Peter II of Sicily
2418:Infantes of Aragon
2140:Monarchs of Sicily
1946:House of Barcelona
1790:Count of Barcelona
1636:Previté-Orton 1960
1272:James II of Aragon
1081:
1022:Privilegio General
1000:, and he attacked
994:Juan NĂșñez de Lara
937:Charles of Salerno
894:Straits of Messina
888:, Peter landed at
867:Eleanor of England
859:Kingdom of England
832:Kingdom of Castile
815:Kingdom of Majorca
806:dissipated hopes.
740:, governed by the
726:
708:
690:
680:Charles I of Anjou
650:Charles I of Anjou
536:
519:medieval miniature
488:Kingdom of Majorca
436:Violant of Hungary
402:Count of Barcelona
357:Violant of Hungary
64:Count of Barcelona
2903:Jure uxoris kings
2850:
2849:
2580:Sancho of Majorca
2384:
2383:
2177:Kingdom of Sicily
2106:
2105:
2047:House of Habsburg
1849:
1848:
1840:Succeeded by
1797:Succeeded by
1754:Riquer, MartĂn de
1413:Teresa of Aragon.
1407:Sancho of Aragon.
1313:Denis of Portugal
1212:. His third son,
1061:Aragonese Crusade
1055:Aragonese Crusade
978:Kingdom of Sicily
898:Kingdom of Naples
800:Pope Nicholas III
777:Pope Nicholas III
758:Manfred of Sicily
750:Manfred of Sicily
738:Kingdom of Sicily
626:James I of Aragon
593:Roger-Bernard III
476:Kingdom of Aragon
444:Manfred of Sicily
432:James I of Aragon
412:Kingdom of Sicily
362:
361:
347:James I of Aragon
220:(aged 45â46)
16:(Redirected from
2930:
2843:
2838:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2388:
2148:County of Sicily
2133:
2126:
2119:
2110:
2090:House of Bourbon
1939:
1894:House of Jiménez
1875:
1868:
1861:
1852:
1829:
1828:
1807:Preceded by
1794:1276–1285
1778:Preceded by
1770:
1765:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1719:
1708:
1687:
1666:
1657:
1639:
1633:
1622:
1616:
1607:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1532:
1526:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1478:
1472:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1359:Robert of Naples
1356:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1310:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1290:2 November 1327)
1289:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1257:
1180:Death and legacy
1135:Troubadour works
1074:Mariano BarbasĂĄn
878:Sicilian Vespers
628:, died in 1277,
574:County of Urgell
533:
532: 1315â1325
530:
509:Early rebellions
492:Catalan counties
409:
399:
392:King of Valencia
385:
382:
295:
278:
276:
272:
234:
219:
200:
197:
153:
152:
150:
144:
142:
128:
127:
90:
89:
87:
81:
79:
44:Detail from the
42:
30:
21:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2828:
2812:17th generation
2807:
2796:16th generation
2791:
2775:15th generation
2770:
2744:14th generation
2739:
2723:13th generation
2718:
2702:12th generation
2697:
2676:11th generation
2671:
2652:Louis of Sicily
2635:10th generation
2630:
2589:
2553:
2527:
2511:
2490:
2462:
2436:
2420:
2415:
2385:
2380:
2171:
2142:
2137:
2107:
2102:
2084:
2041:
2003:
1940:
1931:
1888:
1879:
1845:
1833:
1832:1282–1285
1831:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1802:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1768:
1752:
1743:
1734:
1728:
1711:
1705:
1690:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1634:
1625:
1617:
1610:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1535:
1527:
1520:
1512:
1508:
1500:
1496:
1488:
1481:
1473:
1462:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1366:
1364:Peter of Aragon
1352:
1350:
1346:
1331:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1263:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1239:
1227:Dante Alighieri
1182:
1155:Bernat d'Auriac
1137:
1105:Roger de Lauria
1063:
1057:
1026:Union of Aragon
986:
935:in 1284, where
929:Battle of Malta
925:Roger of Lauria
765:John of Procida
734:Pope Clement IV
664:
658:
614:
609:
578:Ălvar of Urgell
553:and abetted by
531:
511:
472:Crown of Aragon
428:
405:
395:
383:
367:(In Aragonese,
326:
289:
288:
280:
268:
264:
261:
248:
222:
221:
217:
201:
198:
148:
146:
140:
138:
136:
119:
118:
85:
83:
77:
75:
73:
62:
50:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2936:
2934:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2908:Male composers
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2855:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2594:9th generation
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2558:8th generation
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2532:7th generation
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2516:6th generation
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2495:5th generation
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2470:
2468:
2467:4th generation
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2441:2nd generation
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2425:1st generation
2422:
2421:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2391:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:Victor Amadeus
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2182:
2180:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2113:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1817:King of Sicily
1813:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1773:Regnal titles
1767:
1766:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1726:
1709:
1703:
1688:
1667:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1638:, p. 767.
1623:
1621:, p. 214.
1608:
1595:
1584:
1572:
1570:, p. 106.
1560:
1558:, p. 180.
1548:
1546:, p. 104.
1533:
1531:, p. 103.
1518:
1516:, p. 102.
1506:
1504:, p. 101.
1494:
1492:, p. 246.
1479:
1460:
1458:, p. 319.
1448:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1398:
1397:
1392:, daughter of
1361:
1337:
1315:
1291:
1269:
1238:
1235:
1181:
1178:
1136:
1133:
1072:, painting by
1059:Main article:
1056:
1053:
1045:Pope Martin IV
985:
982:
933:Gulf of Naples
902:Pope Martin IV
869:, daughter of
804:Pope Martin IV
785:Pope Martin IV
748:, daughter of
736:, invaded the
698:Pope Martin IV
660:Main article:
657:
654:
613:
610:
608:
605:
567:Catalan Courts
510:
507:
465:Pomar de Cinca
427:
424:
416:King of Sicily
388:King of Aragon
375:; in Italian,
371:; in Catalan,
360:
359:
354:
350:
349:
344:
340:
339:
334:
328:
327:
325:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
298:
296:
282:
281:
266:
262:
257:
256:
254:
250:
249:
242:
240:
236:
235:
214:
210:
209:
193:
189:
188:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
134:
130:
129:
116:King of Sicily
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
71:
67:
66:
56:King of Aragon
52:
51:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2935:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2377:
2376:Ferdinand III
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2286:Frederick III
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1792:
1791:
1782:
1776:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1727:9781852852986
1723:
1718:
1717:
1710:
1706:
1704:9780404014797
1700:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1477:, p. 97.
1476:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:Merriman 1918
1452:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1391:
1370:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1341:
1338:
1336:25 June 1337)
1319:
1316:
1314:
1295:
1292:
1273:
1270:
1268:18 June 1291)
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1222:Divine Comedy
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:Pere Salvatge
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
983:
981:
979:
975:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
953:in 1282. The
952:
948:
946:
940:
938:
934:
931:, and at the
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
874:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
828:
825:
821:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
796:
794:
793:Anjou dynasty
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
723:
722:
721:Nuova Cronica
717:
712:
705:
704:
703:Nuova Cronica
699:
694:
687:
686:
685:Nuova Cronica
681:
677:
673:
668:
663:
655:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
611:
606:
604:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
526:
525:
520:
515:
508:
506:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
425:
423:
421:
417:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
389:
378:
374:
370:
366:
358:
355:
351:
348:
345:
341:
338:
335:
333:
329:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
297:
294:
293:
287:
283:
260:
255:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
216:November 1285
215:
211:
208:
204:
194:
190:
186:
183:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
163:
160:
156:
135:
131:
125:
124:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
72:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
48:
47:Nuova Cronica
41:
36:
31:
19:
2787:Ferdinand II
2538:
2321:Ferdinand II
2271:Frederick II
2260:
2256:Constance II
2032:Ferdinand II
1968:
1836:Constance II
1822:
1815:
1786:
1761:
1757:
1745:
1736:
1715:
1693:
1675:
1662:
1653:
1645:Bibliography
1603:
1598:
1587:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1529:Chaytor 1933
1514:Chaytor 1933
1509:
1502:Chaytor 1933
1497:
1475:Chaytor 1933
1451:
1439:
1416:
1399:
1240:
1220:
1218:
1202:
1194:Santes Creus
1183:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1144:
1138:
1117:
1098:
1094:Nuño Sånchez
1082:
1069:
1030:
1021:
1009:
987:
973:
962:
961:gave 25,000
954:
950:
943:
941:
910:
875:
844:
829:
808:
797:
762:
727:
719:
701:
683:
615:
590:
571:
544:
537:
522:
500:
469:
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406:
396:
376:
372:
368:
364:
363:
290:
245:Santes Creus
243:
218:(1285-11-00)
121:
45:
2868:1285 deaths
2863:1239 births
2565:Alfonso III
2351:Charles III
2306:Ferdinand I
2226:Frederick I
2216:Constance I
2211:William III
2179:(1130â1816)
2150:(1071â1130)
2080:Charles III
2017:Ferdinand I
1974:Alfonso III
1824:jure uxoris
1800:Alfonso III
1568:Harris 2003
1556:Harris 2003
1544:Harris 2003
1490:Aurell 2020
1378: 1275
1367: [
1347: 1273
1301: 1271
1206:Alfonso III
1170:sirventesos
1146:sirventesos
1141:troubadours
1037:Montpellier
917:crossbowmen
863:Alfonso III
838:and infant
781:Mezzogiorno
638:Constantine
607:Wars abroad
449:Reconquista
414:and became
384: 1239
199: 1239
158:Predecessor
123:jure uxoris
109:Alfonso III
95:Predecessor
2857:Categories
2601:Alfonso IV
2475:Alfonso II
2366:Charles IV
2346:Philip III
2331:Charles II
2196:William II
2075:Charles II
2070:Philip III
1984:Alfonso IV
1954:Alfonso II
1927:Petronilla
1619:Burns 1985
1444:Burns 1985
1432:References
1384:1296-08-25
1353:1302-08-00
1332:1337-06-25
1324:1272-12-13
1307:1336-07-04
1286:1327-11-02
1278:1267-08-10
1264:1291-06-18
1256:1265-11-04
1241:Peter and
1041:Roussillon
990:AlbarracĂn
913:almogavars
586:Ermengol X
141:1282-09-04
78:1276-07-27
2751:Alfonso V
2539:Peter III
2458:Ramiro II
2453:Alfonso I
2371:Charles V
2356:Philip IV
2341:Philip II
2311:Alfonso I
2301:Martin II
2251:Charles I
2241:Conrad II
2206:Roger III
2191:William I
2098:Philip IV
2065:Philip II
2055:Charles I
2022:Alfonso V
1969:Peter III
1922:Ramiro II
1917:Alfonso I
1810:Charles I
1684:0214-3038
1231:Purgatory
1214:Frederick
1174:sirventes
1125:Perpignan
1113:dysentery
1014:Tarragona
967:Aragonese
957:from the
845:With the
728:In 1266,
527:(between
521:from the
337:Barcelona
228:Catalonia
168:Successor
162:Charles I
105:Successor
33:Peter III
2642:Peter IV
2570:James II
2502:Peter II
2432:Sancho I
2336:Philip I
2296:Martin I
2276:Peter II
2236:Conrad I
2231:Henry II
2186:Roger II
2167:Roger II
2060:Philip I
1989:Peter IV
1979:James II
1959:Peter II
1902:Ramiro I
1882:Monarchs
1380:–
1349:–
1303:–
1237:Children
1210:James II
1198:porphyry
1151:Peironet
1129:Narbonne
1078:Zaragoza
1018:Zaragoza
853:married
820:Bordeaux
791:and the
754:Conradin
597:Balaguer
503:Zaragoza
490:and the
482:and the
407:Peter II
203:Valencia
178:Co-ruler
60:Valencia
2756:John II
2523:James I
2448:Peter I
2266:James I
2261:Peter I
2246:Manfred
2221:Henry I
2201:Tancred
2157:Roger I
2027:John II
1964:James I
1912:Peter I
1843:James I
1781:James I
1219:In the
1085:Charles
974:aljamas
971:Catalan
955:aljamas
945:aljamas
921:lancers
890:Trapani
882:Palermo
789:Charles
716:Trapani
646:Vespers
642:Alcoyll
630:Tunisia
612:Tunisia
576:. When
551:Cardona
400:), and
397:Peter I
292:more...
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149:1285-11
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2688:Martin
2683:John I
2549:Sancho
2473:Ramon/
2326:Joanna
2037:Joanna
1999:Martin
1994:John I
1907:Sancho
1886:Aragon
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1101:Girona
1010:cortes
1002:Tudela
976:. The
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840:Sancho
622:Hafsid
620:, the
601:Lleida
561:, and
478:, the
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353:Mother
343:Father
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239:Burial
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1764:(4).
1722:ISBN
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1016:and
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192:Born
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