411:
555:, single-handedly engaged six other German aircraft that had suddenly appeared. According to his own account, after he had destroyed one and "sent another down in a spin", Drummond developed engine trouble and had to land behind enemy lines. Finding his engine firing again, he took off before he could be captured by Turkish troops and gained a start over the four still-circling German scouts, "who had also concluded that the fight was over". He was forced to land three more times in enemy territory—once in a cavalry camp where he "carried away a line full of washing" with his
809:, Australia's main operational organisation under SWPA. An ongoing conflict between Jones (now promoted air vice-marshal) and Bostock led to moves in April 1943 to bring in an officer senior to both men to head the RAAF in a unified command structure, and Drummond was once more approached by the Australian government. Drummond had indicated that he was happy to serve in Australia but the Air Ministry again refused to release him, having selected him for a seat on the
742:
44:
481:
on 23 December 1916. He later wrote, "The day before the
Magdhaba battle, the whole crowd of us with all the bombs we could carry, went out. You couldn't see the place for smoke after we had left ... The Turks were retreating all the time and we had great sport coming down to about 50 feet
789:
on 5 February. Although the
British government was initially supportive of the plan, the Air Ministry eventually declined to release Drummond from his role in the Middle East, partly to avoid disruption to the region's command and also because it did not believe that Drummond's operational
602:
Drummond remained in the RAF following World War I, holding command of No. 111 Squadron in 1919, and receiving his permanent commission as an acting captain on 1 August that year. He was based in the Sudan from
January to July 1920, as part of Britain's system of "control without
908:
on 8 May 1945. Drummond was twice mentioned in despatches for his service in World War II, on 11 June 1942, and on 19 September 1946 (for his performance as SASO RAF Middle East in 1940–41). On 3 May 1946, he was posthumously granted permission to wear the award of
822:
733:
credits Tedder and
Drummond with developing their command as "a mobile strike-force capable of co-operating fully with the other two services", and Tedder later remarked on the importance of his deputy's contribution to the Allied victory in North Africa. Tedder's biographer,
765:
on 24 September 1941 "in recognition of distinguished services rendered in operational commands of the Royal Air Force" from 1 October 1940 to 31 March 1941. His temporary rank of air vice-marshal was made substantive on 14 April 1942.
917:. Tedder wrote in 1948 that Drummond as Deputy AOC-in-C Middle East "bore so much of the burden and took so little of the credit"; Vincent Orange observed that the two commanders remained friends and that Drummond "might well have succeeded Tedder as
790:
abilities would be put to sufficient use in the largely administrative role of CAS. Drummond himself was reportedly dubious about the appointment because of the division of authority between RAAF Headquarters and Allied Air Force
Headquarters,
2683:
711:, Syria, to discuss Turkey's defence again possible German or Russian attack. He planned to operate British aircraft out of French bases in northern Syria if Pike went ahead. Drummond was made an acting
2768:
2698:
2718:
2688:
778:
761:, described him as "a refreshing man to work with ... without pose or frills, serious, but with a sense of humour nearly as irreverent and sarcastic as Tedder's". Drummond was appointed a
2763:
2386:
2758:
2748:
2728:
622:
On 1 January 1923, Drummond was promoted to squadron leader; he graduated from
Andover the same year. Also in 1923, he proposed an officer exchange scheme for the RAF and the newly formed
362:
2713:
753:
Drummond considered the Middle East a "Battle for
Airfields", as whichever side held the Mediterranean landing grounds could protect its shipping at the expense of the enemy's. Admiral
754:
2733:
2693:
186:
849:, making him partly responsible for the serious oversupply of aircrew that was apparent by 1944; Drummond believed that the situation would be counteracted only if the upcoming
2703:
2319:
The
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918 (11th edition): Volume VIII – The Australian Flying Corps in the Western and Eastern Theatres of War, 1914–1918
2738:
2723:
897:
and all aboard were presumed killed. Frank McNamara, now an RAAF air vice-marshal based in
England and a close friend, broke the news to Drummond's widow. Air Marshal
611:
on 22 July 1921 in recognition of his "excellent work" in the face of "adverse conditions", conducting a successful reconnaissance and bombing campaign against
551:
On 27 March 1918, again near Tul Karem, Drummond and another pilot scrambled to attack a German scout. As his wingman dealt with the intruder, Drummond, flying a
2708:
2753:
322:
263:
215:
2293:
1604:
354:
245:
202:
357:
two years later. He was twice offered command of the RAAF during the war but the RAF was unwilling to release him to take up the position. Britain's
918:
846:
642:, Victoria, on 17 July 1929; the couple had a son and two daughters. Drummond returned to the UK in November that year. He studied at the
2612:
2593:
2574:
2551:
2528:
2480:
2461:
2438:
2399:
2375:
2306:
1537:
532:
as a flight commander and temporary captain in
October. On 12 December, he and his observer were escorting two Australian aircraft in a
303:
2743:
607:, Drummond commanded "H" Unit, the entire complement of which consisted of two aircraft. Returning to Britain, he was appointed an
431:
2254:
910:
729:
350:
872:
just for the pleasure and gratification of swapping a salute and a 'good day' with some of the best air crew in the world—the RAAF."
2678:
791:
715:
on 19 June 1940, and temporary air vice-marshal on 10 January the next year. On 1 June 1941, he was raised to acting
683:
At the outbreak of World War II, Drummond was still SASO RAF Middle East. In early 1940 he became involved in preparations for
1025:
643:
630:, he was seconded to the RAAF in 1925, serving four years as Director of Operations and Intelligence at Air Force Headquarters,
2284:
724:
559:
in his escape—before he shook off all but one of the pursuing fighters and landed safely behind Allied lines. He was awarded a
394:
342:
283:
837:
as Air Member for Training on 27 April 1943. He was raised to temporary air marshal on 1 June 1943, and appointed a
770:
1291:
1550:
904:
Drummond was survived by his wife and three children. A memorial service for the victims of the Azores flight was held at
879:
to Canada with other dignitaries to attend a ceremony marking the closure of the Empire Air Training Scheme. His plane, a
774:
654:, a fighter base. After Tangmere, Drummond spent three years at the Air Ministry. In September 1936 he assumed command of
228:
2110:
579:
483:
474:
176:
2250:
880:
802:
608:
545:
318:. Transferring to the RAF on its formation in 1918, he remained in the British armed forces for the rest of his life.
311:
252:
207:
450:, assisting surgeons in operations on the wounded. Drummond was evacuated to England later that year, suffering from
410:
2566:
2512:
2412:
Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Series Three (Air) Volume III – Air War Against Germany and Italy 1939–1943
842:
746:
735:
623:
616:
510:
engaged and drove off six enemy aircraft that were attempting to bomb Allied cavalry; the award was promulgated in
507:
326:
738:, contended that "Tedder's growing eminence ... owes a great deal to Drummond's wise and dedicated support".
2061:
858:
2278:
758:
2346:
1089:
905:
663:
591:
567:
470:
223:
2342:
Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Series Three (Air) Volume I – Royal Australian Air Force 1939–1942
720:
525:
386:
1380:
544:
scouts. Drummond attacked and destroyed all three of the enemy aircraft. This achievement earned him the
647:
635:
415:
382:
381:
Lockhart). Registered as Roy Maxwell Drummond, he acquired the nickname "Peter" during his schooling at
2496:
Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Series Three (Air) Volume II – Air War Against Japan, 1943–1945
2673:
2668:
2323:
2114:
575:
529:
142:
137:
865:
2137:
922:
885:
864:
quoted him as saying, "Daily journeying to my London office ... I make a point of passing the
533:
487:
466:
443:
346:
126:
2195:
2036:
2016:
1996:
1875:
1710:
1406:
1245:
1225:
1205:
1167:
1130:
1110:
997:
2520:
2220:
2200:
2180:
2041:
2021:
2001:
1900:
1880:
1818:
1783:
1763:
1715:
1665:
1589:
1569:
1504:
1484:
1431:
1411:
1326:
1250:
1230:
1210:
1172:
1135:
1115:
1002:
850:
700:
662:
on 1 January 1937. That November, Drummond was appointed senior air staff officer (SASO) at
512:
478:
455:
295:
291:
171:
1499:
2608:
2589:
2570:
2547:
2524:
2500:
2476:
2457:
2434:
2416:
2395:
2371:
2367:
2350:
2327:
2302:
914:
890:
838:
762:
462:
2215:
2175:
1895:
1813:
1758:
1584:
1564:
1479:
1426:
712:
639:
521:
419:
390:
274:(2 June 1894 – 27 March 1945) was an Australian-born senior commander in the
1778:
1321:
1660:
1295:
869:
853:
led to heavy casualties. He remained an advocate of close cooperation between the RAF and
798:
604:
571:
506:
for "conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty" on 20 April 1917, when he and Lieutenant
426:
At 5 ft 7in (171 cm) in height, Drummond was judged too slight of build for the
287:
275:
98:
17:
482:
and peppering them with machine guns ..." On 20 March 1917, Drummond, flying a
329:(RAAF) as Director of Operations and Intelligence. In Britain, he commanded RAF stations
490:
as he rescued a downed Australian airman, the action for which McNamara was awarded his
461:
Following pilot training in the United Kingdom, Drummond received the rank of temporary
684:
503:
491:
307:
279:
270:
219:
2449:
603:
occupation", using aircraft instead of armies to put down local rebellions. As acting
2662:
2490:
845:
the following day. Drummond's position on the Air Council included administering the
826:
782:
667:
659:
541:
447:
338:
2650:
1017:
898:
806:
745:
Air Vice-Marshal Drummond (left) with British Minister of State of the Middle East
696:
692:
655:
651:
627:
583:
556:
334:
330:
152:
147:
2494:
2410:
2340:
2317:
282:
in World War I to air marshal in World War II. Drummond enlisted in the
1299:
810:
786:
716:
612:
358:
237:
116:
2635:
2543:
834:
704:
587:
548:
for his "great skill and daring"; the award was promulgated on 26 March 1918.
517:
377:, Western Australia, to merchant John Maxwell Drummond and his wife Caroline (
299:
43:
2331:
2132:
2056:
1532:
1085:
321:
Between the wars, Drummond saw action in the Sudan—earning appointment as an
2504:
1451:
821:
769:
In early 1942 the Australian government sought Drummond for the position of
631:
560:
451:
315:
256:
211:
2420:
2354:
854:
688:
552:
439:
427:
486:, was one of two pilots who strafed enemy troops threatening Lieutenant
438:. By December 1914, when his unit sailed for Egypt, Drummond was ranked
537:
435:
385:, and formally adopted it as his first name in 1943. He served in the
926:
894:
757:
found Drummond "a thorough non-cooperator" but Drummond's assistant,
708:
76:
801:, for CAS but in May 1942 the position went to acting Air Commodore
777:, RAF, at the completion of the latter's two-year term. Australia's
741:
650:
on 1 July 1931. From November 1931 to June 1933, he commanded
2475:. Fyshwick, Australian Capital Territory: Aerospace Publications.
921:" but for his early death. He is commemorated on Panel 264 of the
820:
740:
409:
374:
59:
2119:
The Royal Air Force 1939–1945 – Volume III: The Fight Is Won
2115:"Appendix I: Members of the Air Council, 1944 – August 1945"
458:(RFC) and was discharged from the Australian Army in April 1916.
634:. He married Isabel Drake-Brockman, cousin of Brigadier General
563:
to his DSO on 26 July for his "gallant and successful" actions.
430:
and was instead assigned to the 2nd Stationary Hospital of the
422:(third left), and other officers of No. 1 Squadron AFC, c. 1916
749:(centre) and Air Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder (right) in May 1942
473:(numbered 67 Squadron RFC by the British). During the
2563:
Operation Pike: Britain Versus the Soviet Union, 1939–1941
2517:
Coningham: A Biography of Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham
574:(RAF) on 1 April 1918. Drummond was given command of
341:
at the outbreak of World War II, he was Air Marshal
2684:
Australian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
785:, had recommended Drummond in a cable to Prime Minister
520:
on 1 May 1917. Later that month he was appointed a
454:. In December, he applied for a transfer to the British
2769:
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Portugal
2699:
Australian Officers of the Order of the British Empire
516:
on 16 August. Drummond was promoted to temporary
2719:
Aerial disappearances of military personnel in action
2689:
Australian Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
797:
Burnett had recommended his deputy, Air Vice-Marshal
477:, he took part in the air assaults that preceded the
540:, Palestine, when they were spotted by three German
1150:
1148:
1146:
524:in No. 1 Squadron, with the temporary rank of
197:
161:
133:
122:
112:
104:
92:
82:
66:
53:
34:
2764:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1945
2607:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
723:(AOC-in-C) RAF Middle East, following Air Marshal
679:Deputy Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief Middle East
465:and was posted to Egypt, where he was assigned to
325:—and was posted to Australia on secondment to the
48:Air Vice-Marshal Drummond in the Middle East, 1940
2759:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies
1214:(Supplement). 24 August 1918. pp. 9902–9903.
687:, an Anglo-French plan to bomb oil fields in the
658:. While in charge of Northolt he was promoted to
353:in 1941 for his services in the Middle East, and
2749:Royal Air Force personnel killed in World War II
2729:Military personnel from Perth, Western Australia
2160:"Aircraft lost in flight to Azores and Canada".
805:. Bostock in turn became Air Officer Commanding
773:(CAS) of the RAAF, to succeed Air Chief Marshal
286:in 1914 and the following year saw service as a
2714:Commanders of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)
1254:(Supplement). 23 July 1918. pp. 8734–8736.
901:succeeded Drummond as Air Member for Training.
582:fighters, in July 1918, and was made an acting
2204:(Supplement). 19 September 1946. p. 4689.
1884:(Supplement). 24 September 1941. p. 5567.
2454:Australian Dictionary of Biography: Volume 14
2450:"Drummond, Sir Peter Roy Maxwell (1894–1945)"
414:Lieutenant Drummond (far right) with Captain
8:
2734:Royal Air Force air marshals of World War II
2694:Australian military personnel of World War I
1913:
1911:
1831:
1829:
889:that was formerly the personal transport of
586:on 2 September. He finished the war an
349:from 1941 to 1943. Drummond was appointed a
2704:Australian recipients of the Military Cross
1119:(Supplement). 16 August 1917. p. 8365.
2624:
2394:. Canberra: Air Power Development Centre.
2149:– via National Library of Australia.
2073:– via National Library of Australia.
1234:(Supplement). 26 March 1918. p. 3743.
1187:
1185:
1183:
609:Officer of the Order of the British Empire
323:Officer of the Order of the British Empire
216:Officer of the Order of the British Empire
42:
31:
2586:The Royal Australian Air Force: A History
2456:. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
2025:(Supplement). 25 June 1943. p. 2881.
1719:(Supplement). 30 June 1939. p. 4452.
1508:(Supplement). 1 January 1923. p. 15.
1176:(Supplement). 28 July 1917. p. 7752.
839:Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
626:(RAAF). Following a staff posting to the
590:, credited with eight victories, and was
203:Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
2739:Royal Air Force personnel of World War I
2724:People educated at Scotch College, Perth
2045:(Supplement). 2 June 1943. p. 2419.
2005:(Supplement). 11 May 1943. p. 2100.
1415:(Supplement). 5 June 1919. p. 7197.
1139:(Supplement). 7 June 1917. p. 5618.
1006:(Supplement). 4 June 1943. p. 2588.
2433:. Rowville, Victoria: Five Mile Press.
2431:Australians at War: A Pictorial History
2364:Bristol F.2 Fighter Aces of World War I
1444:
1442:
1355:Bristol F.2 Fighter Aces of World War I
937:
779:High Commissioner to the United Kingdom
345:Deputy Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief
2301:. Canberra: Air Power Studies Centre.
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
2499:. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
2415:. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
911:Commander of the Order of the Phoenix
229:Commander of the Order of the Phoenix
7:
1435:. 1 August 1919. pp. 9864–9867.
875:On 27 March 1945, Drummond was
373:Drummond was born on 2 June 1894 in
2588:. London: Oxford University Press.
2280:Australian Encyclopaedia Volume III
695:was at this time seen as allied to
2709:Australian World War I flying aces
2255:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
2121:. History of the Second World War.
985:Australian Dictionary of Biography
763:Companion of the Order of the Bath
730:Australian Dictionary of Biography
638:, at St John's Anglican Church in
351:Companion of the Order of the Bath
25:
2754:Missing in action of World War II
2251:"Drummond, Sir Peter Roy Maxwell"
1573:. 26 November 1929. p. 7662.
1467:Air War Against Germany and Italy
825:Unfinished sketch of Drummond by
157:Air Member for Training (1943–45)
1649:. 11 September 1936. p. 23.
1086:"Recommendation: Military Cross"
1026:Australian Defence Force Academy
644:Imperial Defence College, London
27:Royal Air Force senior commander
2292:Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1997).
2285:Michigan State University Press
1798:"Changes in RAF high command".
1787:. 4 February 1941. p. 693.
833:Drummond succeeded Air Marshal
721:Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief
707:. Drummond led a delegation to
2239:. 14 February 1948. p. 6.
2141:. Perth. 3 May 1945. p. 6
1971:The Royal Australian Air Force
1932:The Royal Australian Air Force
1904:. 14 April 1942. p. 1648.
1730:"Air liner lost in Atlantic".
1684:. 9 December 1937. p. 12.
1605:"Royal Air Force Intelligence"
1330:. 7 January 1919. p. 365.
1266:The Royal Australian Air Force
1047:The Royal Australian Air Force
446:in April 1915 and served on a
363:killed in a plane crash at sea
241:Sir Peter Roy Maxwell Drummond
36:Sir Peter Roy Maxwell Drummond
1:
2295:McNamara VC: A Hero's Dilemma
2184:. 11 June 1942. p. 2516.
2065:. 28 February 1945. p. 6
1699:. 27 January 1938. p. 7.
1669:. 1 January 1937. p. 17.
1593:. 30 June 1931. p. 4250.
1551:National Library of Australia
1488:. 22 July 1921. p. 5832.
817:Final posting and loss at sea
432:Australian Army Medical Corps
1822:. 6 June 1941. p. 3231.
1767:. 9 July 1940. p. 4179.
813:as Air Member for Training.
646:, in 1930, and was promoted
580:Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5
484:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2
475:Sinai and Palestine campaign
177:Sinai and Palestine campaign
2744:Royal Flying Corps officers
2224:. 3 May 1946. p. 2127.
1734:. 29 March 1945. p. 4.
1455:. 13 April 1945. p. 7.
1193:The Australian Flying Corps
727:elevation to AOC-in-C. The
666:in Cairo. He was raised to
546:Distinguished Service Order
397:on 10 September 1914.
312:Distinguished Service Order
306:, where he was awarded the
208:Distinguished Service Order
2785:
2540:Tedder: Quietly in Command
2429:MacDougall, A.K. (2007) .
2339:Gillison, Douglas (1962).
2283:. East Lansing, Michigan:
2111:Saunders, Hilary St George
1958:Royal Australian Air Force
1634:. 20 June 1933. p. 8.
1520:Royal Australian Air Force
1279:Royal Australian Air Force
847:Empire Air Training Scheme
624:Royal Australian Air Force
617:RAF Staff College, Andover
355:knighted in the same order
327:Royal Australian Air Force
18:Peter Roy Maxwell Drummond
2647:
2640:
2632:
2627:
2605:The Brotherhood of Airmen
2565:. Westport, Connecticut:
2164:. 8 June 1945. p. 7.
1802:. 2 June 1941. p. 4.
1541:. 26 July 1929. p. 2
1381:"Mentioned in despatches"
1073:The Brotherhood of Airmen
576:No. 145 Squadron RAF
530:No. 111 Squadron RFC
502:Drummond was awarded the
395:Australian Imperial Force
284:Australian Imperial Force
41:
2679:Australian Army soldiers
2642:Air Member for Training
2584:Stephens, Alan (2006) .
2561:Osborn, Patrick (2000).
2538:Orange, Vincent (2004).
2409:Herington, John (1954).
1155:Australian Encyclopaedia
566:The RFC merged with the
498:Flight commander and ace
393:before enlisting in the
361:from 1943, Drummond was
2471:Newton, Dennis (1996).
2448:McCarthy, John (1996).
2388:The Private Air Marshal
2347:Australian War Memorial
2316:Cutlack, F.M. (1941) .
2057:"Fellowship of the air"
1945:The Private Air Marshal
1919:The Private Air Marshal
1342:The Private Air Marshal
1090:Australian War Memorial
906:St Martin-in-the-Fields
893:, disappeared near the
843:King's Birthday Honours
792:South West Pacific Area
592:mentioned in despatches
568:Royal Naval Air Service
471:Australian Flying Corps
359:Air Member for Training
224:Mentioned in Despatches
2603:Wilson, David (2005).
2385:Helson, Peter (2010).
1748:, pp. x, 109, 189, 254
1018:"Roy Maxwell Drummond"
919:Chief of the Air Staff
830:
771:Chief of the Air Staff
750:
423:
304:Middle Eastern theatre
2362:Guttman, Jon (2007).
2324:Angus & Robertson
1984:Air War Against Japan
824:
755:Sir Andrew Cunningham
744:
719:and appointed Deputy
699:, in the wake of the
670:on 1 July 1939.
636:Edmund Drake-Brockman
613:Garjak Nuer tribesmen
594:on 5 June 1919.
416:Ross Macpherson Smith
413:
389:and worked as a bank
298:in 1916 and became a
1645:"RAF appointments".
278:(RAF). He rose from
143:No. 111 Squadron RAF
138:No. 145 Squadron RAF
2473:Australian Air Aces
2138:The West Australian
1695:"Royal Air Force".
1680:"Royal Air Force".
1630:"Royal Air Force".
1533:"Air Force wedding"
1368:Australian Air Aces
913:, conferred by the
775:Sir Charles Burnett
725:Sir Arthur Tedder's
467:No. 1 Squadron
343:Sir Arthur Tedder's
187:Middle East theatre
62:, Western Australia
2221:The London Gazette
2201:The London Gazette
2181:The London Gazette
2042:The London Gazette
2022:The London Gazette
2002:The London Gazette
1901:The London Gazette
1881:The London Gazette
1819:The London Gazette
1784:The London Gazette
1764:The London Gazette
1716:The London Gazette
1666:The London Gazette
1590:The London Gazette
1570:The London Gazette
1505:The London Gazette
1485:The London Gazette
1432:The London Gazette
1412:The London Gazette
1327:The London Gazette
1251:The London Gazette
1231:The London Gazette
1211:The London Gazette
1173:The London Gazette
1136:The London Gazette
1116:The London Gazette
1060:Australians at War
1003:The London Gazette
923:Runnymede Memorial
851:invasion of Europe
831:
751:
701:invasion of Poland
513:The London Gazette
479:Battle of Magdhaba
456:Royal Flying Corps
424:
418:(far left), Major
296:Royal Flying Corps
292:Gallipoli campaign
172:Gallipoli campaign
127:No. 1 Squadron AFC
2657:
2656:
2648:Succeeded by
2628:Military offices
2614:978-1-74114-333-1
2595:978-0-19-555541-7
2576:978-0-313-31368-4
2553:978-0-413-14580-2
2530:978-0-7146-4367-0
2482:978-1-875671-25-0
2463:978-0-52284-717-8
2440:978-1-74178-957-7
2401:978-1-920800-50-5
2377:978-1-84603-201-1
2308:978-0-642-26500-5
2096:Coulthard-Clark,
2083:Coulthard-Clark,
1611:. 4 December 1931
915:Kingdom of Greece
891:Winston Churchill
578:, which operated
463:second lieutenant
442:. He was sent to
406:Soldier and pilot
235:
234:
16:(Redirected from
2776:
2651:Sir Roderic Hill
2633:Preceded by
2625:
2618:
2599:
2580:
2557:
2534:
2508:
2486:
2467:
2444:
2424:
2405:
2393:
2381:
2358:
2335:
2312:
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899:Sir Roderic Hill
857:air forces; the
713:air vice-marshal
522:flight commander
420:Lawrence Wackett
294:. He joined the
273:
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95:
73:
46:
32:
21:
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2194:
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2173:
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2159:
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2133:"Famous airman"
2131:
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2078:
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2015:
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1296:Royal Air Force
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1022:The AIF Project
1016:
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991:
982:
939:
935:
870:Australia House
819:
799:William Bostock
681:
676:
664:RAF Middle East
605:squadron leader
600:
598:Inter-war years
572:Royal Air Force
534:Bristol Fighter
500:
408:
403:
371:
347:RAF Middle East
288:medical orderly
280:private soldier
276:Royal Air Force
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2636:Sir Guy Garrod
2634:
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2100:, pp. 105, 108
2089:
2076:
2062:The Advertiser
2048:
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2008:
1988:
1975:
1962:
1949:
1936:
1923:
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1887:
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1746:Operation Pike
1737:
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1538:The Daily News
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1398:
1387:. 19 June 1919
1372:
1359:
1346:
1333:
1313:
1302:on 3 July 2017
1292:"145 Squadron"
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936:
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881:B-24 Liberator
866:Boomerang Club
835:Sir Guy Garrod
818:
815:
736:Vincent Orange
685:Operation Pike
680:
677:
675:
672:
648:wing commander
599:
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504:Military Cross
499:
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492:Victoria Cross
488:Frank McNamara
407:
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383:Scotch College
370:
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308:Military Cross
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220:Military Cross
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94:Service/branch
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88:United Kingdom
84:
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74:(aged 50)
68:
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55:
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2018:
2012:
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2004:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1973:, pp. 116–120
1972:
1966:
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1960:, pp. 474–475
1959:
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1947:, pp. 159–163
1946:
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1920:
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867:
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848:
844:
840:
836:
829:, August 1945
828:
827:Cuthbert Orde
823:
816:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
788:
784:
783:Stanley Bruce
780:
776:
772:
767:
764:
760:
756:
748:
747:Richard Casey
743:
739:
737:
732:
731:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
678:
673:
671:
669:
668:air commodore
665:
661:
660:group captain
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
618:
615:. He entered
614:
610:
606:
597:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
557:undercarriage
554:
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531:
527:
523:
519:
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509:
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497:
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476:
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468:
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449:
448:hospital ship
445:
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388:
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339:air commodore
336:
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247:
242:
239:
230:
225:
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217:
213:
209:
204:
200:
196:
188:
185:
184:
183:World War II
182:
178:
175:
173:
170:
169:
167:
166:
164:
160:
154:
149:
144:
139:
136:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
107:
105:Service years
103:
100:
97:
91:
85:
81:
78:
70:27 March 1945
69:
65:
61:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2641:
2621:
2604:
2585:
2562:
2539:
2516:
2495:
2472:
2453:
2430:
2411:
2387:
2363:
2345:. Canberra:
2341:
2318:
2294:
2279:
2258:. Retrieved
2245:
2236:
2235:"Obituary".
2230:
2219:
2210:
2199:
2190:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2155:
2143:. Retrieved
2136:
2127:
2118:
2105:
2097:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2067:. Retrieved
2060:
2051:
2040:
2031:
2020:
2011:
2000:
1991:
1983:
1978:
1970:
1965:
1957:
1952:
1944:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1918:
1899:
1890:
1879:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1849:
1844:
1836:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1793:
1782:
1773:
1762:
1753:
1745:
1740:
1731:
1725:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1681:
1675:
1664:
1655:
1646:
1640:
1631:
1625:
1613:. Retrieved
1608:
1599:
1588:
1579:
1568:
1559:
1549:– via
1543:. Retrieved
1536:
1527:
1519:
1514:
1503:
1494:
1483:
1474:
1466:
1461:
1450:
1449:"Obituary".
1430:
1421:
1410:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1384:
1375:
1370:, pp. 35, 60
1367:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1325:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:the original
1286:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1260:
1249:
1240:
1229:
1220:
1209:
1200:
1192:
1171:
1162:
1154:
1134:
1125:
1114:
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1080:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1058:MacDougall,
1054:
1046:
1041:
1029:. Retrieved
1021:
1012:
1001:
992:
984:
903:
884:
876:
874:
860:
832:
807:RAAF Command
803:George Jones
796:
768:
752:
728:
697:Nazi Germany
693:Soviet Union
682:
674:World War II
656:RAF Northolt
652:RAF Tangmere
628:Air Ministry
621:
601:
570:to form the
565:
550:
528:. He joined
511:
501:
460:
425:
378:
372:
320:
240:
236:
168:World War I
162:Battles/wars
153:RAF Northolt
148:RAF Tangmere
72:(1945-03-27)
29:
2674:1945 deaths
2669:1894 births
2216:"No. 37553"
2196:"No. 37729"
2176:"No. 35586"
2098:McNamara VC
2085:McNamara VC
2037:"No. 36033"
2017:"No. 36067"
1997:"No. 36009"
1986:, pp. 15–17
1896:"No. 35525"
1876:"No. 35284"
1814:"No. 35183"
1779:"No. 35065"
1759:"No. 34892"
1711:"No. 34641"
1661:"No. 34356"
1585:"No. 33731"
1565:"No. 33555"
1500:"No. 32782"
1480:"No. 32398"
1465:Herington,
1427:"No. 31486"
1407:"No. 31383"
1357:, pp. 76–78
1322:"No. 31112"
1246:"No. 30813"
1226:"No. 30597"
1206:"No. 30862"
1195:, pp. 87–91
1168:"No. 30208"
1131:"No. 30118"
1111:"No. 30234"
1075:, pp. 11–13
998:"No. 36042"
987:, pp. 39–40
811:Air Council
787:John Curtin
717:air marshal
619:, in 1922.
508:Adrian Cole
401:World War I
300:fighter ace
290:during the
238:Air Marshal
117:Air Marshal
57:2 June 1894
2663:Categories
2645:1943–1945
2544:Frank Cass
2542:. London:
2519:. London:
2366:. Oxford:
2322:. Sydney:
2272:References
2260:20 January
2069:20 January
1969:Stephens,
1956:Gillison,
1930:Stephens,
1615:12 January
1545:22 January
1518:Gillison,
1391:20 January
1306:20 January
1277:Gillison,
1264:Stephens,
1095:12 January
1045:Stephens,
1031:12 January
983:McCarthy,
883:nicknamed
861:Advertiser
759:Arthur Lee
705:Winter War
518:lieutenant
369:Early life
83:Allegiance
2493:(1968) .
2332:220900299
2237:The Times
2162:The Times
1850:Coningham
1800:The Times
1732:The Times
1697:The Times
1682:The Times
1647:The Times
1632:The Times
1452:The Times
1353:Guttman,
1191:Cutlack,
859:Adelaide
632:Melbourne
538:Tul Karem
452:dysentery
444:Gallipoli
365:in 1945.
337:. Ranked
155:(1936–37)
150:(1931–33)
140:(1918–19)
86:Australia
2515:(1990).
2505:11218821
2087:, p. 104
1982:Odgers,
1943:Helson,
1934:, p. 117
1917:Helson,
1865:, p. 144
1861:Orange,
1848:Orange,
1839:, p. 123
1835:Orange,
1744:Osborn,
1522:, p. 712
1366:Newton,
1344:, p. 154
1340:Helson,
1157:, p. 295
1071:Wilson,
1062:, p. 100
886:Commando
877:en route
855:Dominion
794:(SWPA).
703:and the
689:Caucasus
553:Nieuport
542:Albatros
440:corporal
428:infantry
335:Northolt
331:Tangmere
310:and the
231:(Greece)
134:Commands
2521:Methuen
2421:3633363
2355:2000369
2287:. 1958.
2145:14 June
1469:, p. 52
1268:, p. 25
841:in the
526:captain
436:orderly
302:in the
108:1914–45
2611:
2592:
2573:
2550:
2527:
2503:
2479:
2460:
2437:
2419:
2398:
2374:
2368:Osprey
2353:
2330:
2305:
1863:Tedder
1837:Tedder
1609:Flight
1385:Flight
1281:, p. 1
1049:, p. 9
927:Surrey
895:Azores
709:Aleppo
691:; the
640:Toorak
434:as an
387:cadets
255:&
210:&
198:Awards
145:(1919)
129:(1917)
77:Azores
2392:(PDF)
2299:(PDF)
933:Notes
584:major
536:near
391:clerk
375:Perth
269:
267:,
262:
260:,
251:
249:,
60:Perth
2609:ISBN
2590:ISBN
2571:ISBN
2548:ISBN
2525:ISBN
2501:OCLC
2477:ISBN
2458:ISBN
2435:ISBN
2417:OCLC
2396:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2351:OCLC
2328:OCLC
2303:ISBN
2262:2018
2147:2018
2071:2018
1617:2018
1547:2018
1393:2018
1308:2018
1097:2018
1033:2018
333:and
314:and
123:Unit
113:Rank
67:Died
54:Born
925:in
868:at
588:ace
561:Bar
379:née
316:Bar
264:OBE
257:Bar
253:DSO
246:KCB
226:(3)
212:Bar
2665::
2569:.
2546:.
2523:.
2452:.
2370:.
2349:.
2326:.
2253:.
2218:.
2198:.
2178:.
2135:.
2117:.
2113:.
2059:.
2039:.
2019:.
1999:.
1910:^
1898:.
1878:.
1828:^
1816:.
1781:.
1761:.
1713:.
1663:.
1607:.
1587:.
1567:.
1535:.
1502:.
1482:.
1441:^
1429:.
1409:.
1383:.
1324:.
1294:.
1248:.
1228:.
1208:.
1182:^
1170:.
1145:^
1133:.
1113:.
1088:.
1024:.
1020:.
1000:.
940:^
929:.
781:,
494:.
469:,
271:MC
243:,
2617:.
2598:.
2579:.
2556:.
2533:.
2507:.
2485:.
2466:.
2443:.
2425:}
2423:.
2404:.
2380:.
2357:.
2334:.
2311:.
2264:.
1619:.
1553:.
1395:.
1310:.
1099:.
1035:.
20:)
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