419:
890:
3950:
405:
63:
1218:" view of non-atheists. Higgs expressed displeasure with the nickname the "God particle". Although it has been reported that he believed the term "might offend people who are religious", Higgs stated that this is not the case, lamenting the letters he has received which claim the God particle was predicted in the
964:
would share the 2013 Nobel Prize in
Physics "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments
728:
apartment from a failed weekend camping trip to the
Highlands. He stated that there was no "eureka moment" in the development of the theory. He wrote a short paper exploiting a loophole in Goldstone's theorem (massless Goldstone particles need not occur when local symmetry is spontaneously broken in
700:
postulates the existence of the Higgs field, which confers mass on quarks and leptons; this causes only a tiny portion of the masses of other subatomic particles, such as protons and neutrons. In these, gluons that bind quarks together confer most of the particle mass. The original basis of Higgs's
3645:
The name has stuck, but makes Higgs wince and raises the hackles of other theorists. "I wish he hadn't done it," he says. "I have to explain to people it was a joke. I'm an atheist, but I have an uneasy feeling that playing around with names like that could be unnecessarily offensive to people who
1242:
proves the existence of God. The church in Spain has also been guilty of using that name as evidence for what they want to prove. reinforces confused thinking in the heads of people who are already thinking in a confused way. If they believe that story about creation in seven days, are they being
927:
in July 2013. The Dirac-Higgs
Science Centre in Bristol is also named in his honour. In April 2014, he was also awarded the Freedom of the City of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was also honoured with a brass plaque installed on the Newcastle Quayside as part of the Newcastle Gateshead Initiative Local
780:
had reached similar conclusions at about the same time. In the published version, Higgs quotes Brout and
Englert, and the third paper quotes the previous ones. The three papers written on this boson discovery by Higgs, Guralnik, Hagen, Kibble, Brout, and Englert were each recognised as milestone
1167:(CND), in 1963. Their first son was born in August 1965. Higgs had two sons: Christopher and Jonny, a jazz musician. He also had two grandchildren: Jo, a writer, and Bonnie (Kemplay), a musician. Higgs and Williamson separated in 1972 but remained friends until she died in 2008.
6885:
920:, in a ceremony held at the City Chambers on Friday, 24 February 2012. The event also marked the unveiling of his handprints in the City Chambers quadrangle, where they had been engraved in Caithness stone alongside those of previous Edinburgh Award recipients.
555:, England, to Thomas Ware Higgs (1898–1962) and his wife Gertrude Maude née Coghill (1895–1969). His father worked as a sound engineer for the BBC, and as a result of childhood asthma, together with the family moving around because of his father's job and later
6878:
1170:
Higgs was an activist in the CND while in London and later in
Edinburgh but resigned his membership when the group extended its remit from campaigning against nuclear weapons to campaigning against nuclear power, too. He was a
6871:
7566:
1264:
965:
at CERN's Large Hadron
Collider". Higgs admitted he had gone out to avoid the media attention so he was informed he had been awarded the prize by an ex-neighbour on his way home, since he did not have a mobile phone.
2354:
2880:
2783:
985:, and the way the system "is used for political purposes by the government in power". The order confers no title or precedence, but recipients of the order are entitled to use the post-nominal letters
3078:
6315:
689:, developing the idea that particles – massless when the universe began – acquired mass a fraction of a second later as a result of interacting with a theoretical field (which became known as the
2331:
944:. The Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics brings together scientists from around the world to seek "a deeper understanding of how the universe works". The centre is currently based within the
814:, Higgs commented "It's really an incredible thing that it's happened in my lifetime." Ironically, this probable confirmation of the Higgs boson was made at the same place where the editor of
7561:
3142:
3823:
3667:
3503:
1136:
949:
7546:
2311:
6577:
4121:
870:
666:
2754:
2351:
7531:
4034:
3717:
3207:
2728:
7471:
1635:
981:. He later said that he only accepted the order because he was wrongly assured that the award was in the gift of the Queen alone. He also expressed cynicism towards the
6985:
6308:
2911:
1816:"The Recluse Who Confronted the Mystery of the Universe – Frank Close's "Elusive" looks at the life and work of the man who changed our ideas about the basis of matter"
4311:
1791:
1766:
7466:
5822:
3562:
2872:
3230:
1825:
1283:
1696:
1140:
7516:
2793:
7521:
1147:
in
Edinburgh. Another portrait of Higgs by the same artist hangs in the birthplace of James Clerk Maxwell in Edinburgh; Higgs was the Honorary Patron of the
806:
experiments had seen strong indications for the presence of a new particle, which could be the Higgs boson, in the mass region around 126 gigaelectronvolts (
443:
52:
7481:
6301:
3082:
7476:
1105:
599:
3601:
3442:
2026:
3632:
2967:
2328:
1476:
Higgs, P. W. (1 March 1953). "Vibrational modifications of the electron distribution in molecular crystals. I. The density in a vibrating carbon atom".
3691:
4187:
1070:
3022:
7591:
7586:
7556:
655:
439:
48:
6509:
7571:
7491:
4376:
3536:
2161:
3416:
3134:
3807:
2706:
2382:
1268:
but the name is the result of the suggestion of
Lederman's publisher; Lederman had initially intended to refer to it as the "goddamn particle".
4027:
3896:
642:
in 1960 to take up the post of
Lecturer at the Tait Institute of Mathematical Physics, allowing him to settle in the city he had enjoyed while
222:
6863:
3748:
2676:
7526:
4156:
3858:
3492:
3473:
3659:
2100:
897:
Higgs was the recipient of the
Edinburgh Award for 2011. He was the fifth person to receive the Award, which was established in 2007 by the
4304:
1883:
982:
2252:
2075:
756:, another leading physics journal, which published it later in 1964. This paper predicted a new massive spin-zero boson (later named the
7536:
7023:
5815:
3929:
3784:
1670:
327:
2220:
1700:
787:
50th-anniversary celebration. While each of these famous papers took similar approaches, the contributions and differences between the
6560:
4320:
2308:
1732:
1200:
1144:
670:
1858:
901:
to honour an outstanding individual who has made a positive impact on the city and gained national and international recognition for
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4020:
3879:
3390:
3173:
2819:
1952:
978:
952:
and the iGEM 2015 team (ClassAfiED). The university has also established a chair of theoretical physics in the name of Peter Higgs.
863:
788:
594:, where he graduated with a first-class honours degree in physics in 1950 and achieved a master's degree in 1952. He was awarded an
467:
1932:
3326:
2993:
2849:
2758:
996:
after his name stands for, he replies "it means I'm an honorary Swiss." He received the order from the Queen at an investiture at
7506:
7486:
7036:
1164:
1098:
3709:
3199:
6385:
4297:
2732:
1625:
7581:
7576:
6186:
5808:
4428:
4088:
3915:
2903:
2050:
1148:
3112:
1563:
693:). Higgs postulated that this field permeates space, giving mass to all elementary subatomic particles interacting with it.
658:(FRSE) in 1974 and was promoted to a personal chair of Theoretical Physics in 1980. On his retirement in 1996, he became an
1788:
1756:
7551:
7496:
6663:
6606:
6461:
4067:
3924:
1665:
1591:
1176:
1112:
710:
481:
150:
6953:
3570:
2182:
Mackenzie, Kate (2012) "It Was Worth The Wait" The Interview, The University of Edinburgh Alumni Magazine, Winter 2012/13
7541:
7147:
7095:
6790:
6154:
5560:
5484:
4511:
2412:
859:
513:
240:
7247:
3238:
1907:
1815:
1131:
in 2008. Commissioned by the University of Edinburgh, it was unveiled on 3 April 2009 and hangs in the entrance of the
7511:
7135:
6895:
6569:
6421:
4586:
3293:
3056:
2125:
1997:
1607:
607:
435:
348:
44:
6995:
3939:
1238:
I'm not a believer. Some people get confused between the science and the theology. They claim that what happened at
7329:
7057:
6963:
6690:
6638:
5203:
4968:
874:
835:
674:
258:
228:
210:
2615:
418:
7501:
6270:
6255:
6032:
5371:
4084:
1049:
917:
898:
867:
851:
635:
456:
366:
308:
7043:
3593:
7185:
6409:
6000:
5331:
5279:
5127:
4053:
3438:
1163:
Higgs married Jody Williamson, an American lecturer in linguistics at Edinburgh and a fellow activist with the
1091:
1084:
595:
7019:
3890:
3624:
2959:
1042:
591:
121:
7001:
1804:
website, 15 September 2014. Also published in print on 16 September 2014, on page D1 of the New York edition.
7405:
6943:
6265:
5980:
5399:
5387:
5311:
5183:
4745:
4594:
4535:
4222:
3688:
3288:
1439:
1437:
Higgs, Peter W. (15 November 1958). "Integration of Secondary Constraints in Quantized General Relativity".
1361:
1056:
1021:
783:
752:
639:
631:
627:
472:
452:
303:
298:
3015:
7284:
7153:
7013:
6937:
6685:
6628:
6553:
6275:
6022:
5415:
5383:
5044:
4860:
4753:
4452:
4324:
4131:
4112:
3978:
1478:
1119:
1063:
792:
718:
651:
548:
532:
252:
3357:
7213:
7047:
6653:
6281:
6211:
6069:
5832:
5676:
5492:
5363:
5295:
5207:
5143:
4487:
2937:
1180:
1028:
1014:
855:
803:
706:
678:
587:
568:
517:
448:
234:
3520:
3349:
2198:
2157:
1203:, through which he agitated for greater staff involvement in the management of the physics department.
3412:
2698:
2374:
889:
750:
judged it "of no obvious relevance to physics"). Higgs wrote an extra paragraph and sent his paper to
7461:
7456:
7175:
6834:
6770:
6725:
6611:
6501:
5929:
5592:
5524:
5179:
4940:
4812:
4676:
4633:
4574:
4420:
2646:
2583:
2531:
2483:
2441:
1487:
1448:
1409:
1370:
1331:
1292:
1077:
937:
847:
839:
7419:
7237:
6525:
6079:
5939:
5935:
5856:
5628:
5504:
5123:
5000:
4960:
4920:
4664:
4660:
4555:
4472:
4400:
4176:
4139:
3988:
3774:
3740:
2672:
2511:
1227:
1188:
1132:
961:
945:
941:
765:
725:
552:
536:
493:
431:
285:
90:
40:
7217:
6947:
6806:
6673:
6485:
6260:
6215:
5660:
5452:
5395:
5339:
5327:
5283:
5227:
5219:
5139:
5119:
3779:
2290:
2097:
1820:
1800:
1761:
1035:
682:
659:
647:
485:
460:
371:
7369:
7347:
7319:
7030:
7007:
6227:
5891:
5788:
5411:
4340:
1880:
62:
6538:
2023:
1612:
initially under the supervision of Charles Coulson and subsequently Christopher Longuet-Higgins
7415:
7401:
7353:
7339:
7123:
7085:
6811:
6780:
6546:
6477:
6130:
6099:
6065:
6059:
6055:
6006:
5994:
5990:
5984:
5953:
5905:
5881:
5668:
5616:
5564:
5548:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5456:
5351:
5303:
5299:
5255:
5195:
5171:
5111:
5084:
4952:
4944:
4916:
4729:
4625:
4416:
4207:
4201:
4108:
3971:
3854:
3815:
3528:
3469:
2249:
2067:
1547:
1503:
1464:
1425:
1386:
1347:
1308:
843:
714:
580:
216:
1660:
7203:
7171:
7127:
7089:
6989:
6973:
6925:
6852:
6745:
6710:
6144:
5945:
5901:
5895:
5852:
5752:
5708:
5704:
5367:
5355:
5271:
5263:
5016:
5008:
4972:
4908:
4900:
4852:
4761:
4672:
4602:
4408:
2654:
2591:
2567:
2539:
2491:
2449:
2282:
2228:
1692:
1559:
1495:
1456:
1417:
1400:
1378:
1339:
1300:
1259:
1231:
799:
525:
339:
7365:
1729:
724:
Higgs reportedly developed the fundamentals of his theory after returning to his Edinburgh
7431:
7427:
7383:
7288:
7255:
7141:
7131:
7107:
7081:
6828:
6700:
6643:
6596:
6377:
6207:
6190:
6164:
6124:
6089:
6012:
5963:
5925:
5919:
5846:
5780:
5772:
5736:
5600:
5580:
5488:
5427:
5319:
5267:
5243:
5159:
5151:
5088:
5060:
4976:
4880:
4692:
4519:
4360:
4348:
4289:
3919:
3885:
3695:
3507:
3165:
2815:
2559:
2416:
2358:
2335:
2315:
2256:
2104:
2054:
2030:
2001:
1956:
1949:
1936:
1887:
1848:
1795:
1736:
1322:
1211:
769:
743:
731:
697:
623:
603:
501:
344:
145:
7157:
6931:
5800:
4896:
4444:
3382:
1320:
Higgs, Peter W. (27 May 1966). "Spontaneous Symmetry Breakdown without Massless Bosons".
1271:
Higgs died after a short illness at home in Edinburgh on 8 April 2024, at the age of 94.
559:, Higgs missed some early schooling and was taught at home. When his father relocated to
3949:
3468:(First ed.). Fountaindale Public Library: Oxford University Press. pp. 90–91.
2650:
2587:
2535:
2487:
2445:
1929:
1491:
1452:
1413:
1374:
1335:
1296:
7409:
7395:
7361:
7227:
7223:
7179:
7167:
7067:
7053:
6979:
6969:
6959:
6775:
6760:
6755:
6720:
6705:
6695:
6648:
6601:
6429:
6337:
6221:
6028:
6016:
5873:
5756:
5748:
5740:
5672:
5656:
5648:
5572:
5556:
5532:
5516:
5423:
5403:
5343:
5107:
4984:
4868:
4844:
4796:
4737:
4652:
4582:
4543:
4503:
4468:
4384:
4170:
4061:
4004:
3770:
3318:
2989:
2841:
1977:
GRO Register of Marriages: Thomas W Higgs = Gertrude M Coghill, Sep 1924 6a 197 Bristol
1752:
1359:
Higgs, Peter W. (19 October 1964). "Broken Symmetries and the Masses of Gauge Bosons".
1215:
1152:
997:
702:
571:
in Bristol from 1941 to 1946, where he was inspired by the work of one of the school's
521:
497:
489:
404:
2004:
The University of Edinburgh, School of Physics and Astronomy. Retrieved 9 January 2012
826:
Higgs was honoured with several awards in recognition of his work, including the 1981
7450:
7391:
7377:
7373:
7357:
7251:
7209:
7189:
7119:
6846:
6785:
6740:
6730:
6623:
6591:
6573:
6445:
6413:
6393:
6235:
6180:
6160:
6038:
5959:
5887:
5784:
5732:
5724:
5700:
5644:
5640:
5620:
5604:
5576:
5508:
5287:
5251:
5135:
5072:
5020:
4956:
4936:
4872:
4832:
4820:
4800:
4769:
4392:
4352:
4164:
4073:
4000:
3996:
3967:
3496:
2453:
2294:
1853:
1304:
831:
246:
3934:
602:, and performed his doctoral research in molecular physics under the supervision of
7423:
7325:
7308:
7300:
7199:
7195:
7163:
7113:
7077:
7073:
7063:
6919:
6658:
6469:
6401:
6324:
6293:
6176:
6150:
6120:
6116:
6075:
5915:
5877:
5768:
5764:
5720:
5688:
5684:
5536:
5520:
5215:
5187:
5167:
5056:
5036:
5028:
4856:
4777:
4684:
4551:
4460:
4436:
4364:
2788:
2515:
2419:
The Edinburgh University School of Physics and Astronomy. Retrieved 10 January 2013
1630:
1249:
1196:
1184:
913:
878:
827:
761:
556:
264:
204:
3912:
3104:
2047:
1968:
GRO Register of Births: Peter W Higgs, Jun 1929 10b 72 Newcastle T., mmn = Coghill
1537:
940:
announced a new centre named after Professor Higgs to support future research in
685:
for his work in particle physics. At Edinburgh, Higgs first became interested in
7343:
6765:
6750:
6633:
6517:
6493:
6361:
6353:
6241:
6231:
6170:
6134:
6095:
5949:
5716:
5544:
5500:
5460:
5239:
5235:
5155:
5068:
5040:
4840:
4808:
4610:
4368:
4195:
4097:
4044:
3907:
2563:
773:
757:
690:
643:
505:
361:
140:
135:
17:
3953:
including the Nobel Lecture on 8 December 2013, "Evading the Goldstone Theorem"
2596:
2571:
2544:
2519:
2496:
2471:
1693:"Professor Christopher Bishop elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh"
1382:
638:(where he also became a temporary lecturer in mathematics). He returned to the
7387:
7335:
7304:
6840:
6735:
6437:
6369:
6345:
6138:
5911:
5692:
5608:
5588:
5431:
5379:
4992:
4928:
4884:
4721:
4637:
4527:
4495:
3930:
History of Englert-Brout-Higgs-Guralnik-Hagen-Kibble Mechanism on Scholarpedia
2286:
1499:
1460:
1172:
1128:
974:
909:
777:
576:
520:. The Higgs mechanism is generally accepted as an important ingredient in the
4012:
3902:
3819:
3532:
2611:
2409:
2096:
The Cotham Grammar School, a High-Performing Specialist Co-operative Academy
1551:
1507:
1468:
1429:
1390:
1351:
1343:
1312:
7294:
7103:
6715:
5080:
5052:
4888:
3935:«I wish they hadn't dubbed it "The God Particle"» Interview with Peter Higgs
3048:
2658:
1903:
1587:
1192:
902:
508:, the detection of which became one of the great goals of physics. In 2012,
109:
3283:
2117:
1994:
1603:
1223:
6679:
6617:
3944:
3908:
In CERN Courier, Steven Weinberg reflects on spontaneous symmetry breaking
7099:
4828:
1155:
was commissioned by the Royal Society of Edinburgh and unveiled in 2013.
717:
in condensed matter, which incorrectly predicted massless particles (the
3940:
Peter Higgs: I wouldn't be productive enough for today's academic system
2784:"'They'll find the God particle by summer.' And Peter Higgs should know"
1199:. Higgs was actively involved in the Edinburgh University branch of the
2873:"Bristol's Cotham school scores exam results to outshine famous alumni"
1421:
1207:
924:
564:
560:
3710:"Peter Higgs interview: 'I have this kind of underlying incompetence'"
3200:"Peter Higgs interview: 'I have this kind of underlying incompetence'"
2273:
Rajasekaran, G. (2012). "Standard model, Higgs Boson and what next?".
1281:
Higgs, P W (1979). "Dynamical symmetries in a spherical geometry. I".
1265:
The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?
1398:
Higgs, P. W. (1959). "Quadratic lagrangians and general relativity".
811:
572:
321:
3775:"Peter Higgs, Nobelist Who Predicted the 'God Particle,' Dies at 94"
1008:
Higgs was awarded honorary degrees from the following institutions:
3925:
Englert-Brout-Higgs-Guralnik-Hagen-Kibble Mechanism on Scholarpedia
992:
In the same interview he also stated that when people ask what the
701:
work came from the Japanese-born theorist and Nobel Prize laureate
2432:(1964). "Broken symmetries, massless particles and gauge fields".
1555:
1219:
888:
3808:"Peter Higgs, physicist who discovered Higgs boson, dies aged 94"
2757:. The City of Edinburgh Council. 27 February 2012. Archived from
1143:. A large portrait by Lucinda Mackay is in the collection of the
7312:
7274:
Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
7241:
3874:
1239:
736:
686:
509:
389:
7567:
J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics recipients
7272:
6907:
6867:
6542:
6297:
5804:
4293:
4016:
1881:
Fermilab Results of the Week. Top Quarks are Higgs' best Friend
742:
Higgs wrote a second paper describing a theoretical model (the
6909:
Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
846:
for outstanding contributions to theoretical physics from the
807:
2637:
Anderson, P. (1963). "Plasmons, Gauge Invariance, and Mass".
2612:"Physical Review Letters – 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers"
2192:
1648:
Dr Lewis Ryder, (...), who was supervised by Professor Higgs,
610:. He was awarded a PhD degree in 1954 with a thesis entitled
3413:"Prof Peter Higgs: New portrait of boson particle physicist"
3079:"Peter Higgs was told about Nobel Prize by passing motorist"
2904:"The Quayside 'Walk of Fame' is going to get some new names"
1546:(PhD thesis). King's College London (University of London).
622:
After finishing his doctorate, Higgs was appointed a Senior
3903:
Physical Review Letters – 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers
2933:
1959:
BBC News Science and Environment; retrieved 8 October 2013
791:
are noteworthy. The mechanism had been proposed in 1962 by
567:
with his mother, and was largely raised there. He attended
1258:
The nickname for the Higgs boson is usually attributed to
795:
although he did not include a crucial relativistic model.
681:
in 1997. In 2008, he received an Honorary Fellowship from
3166:"Peter Higgs: honour for physicist who proposed particle"
2842:"Peter Higgs receives the freedom of the city of Bristol"
850:; the 1997 High Energy and Particle Physics Prize by the
466:
In 1964, Higgs was the single author of one of the three
2699:"Prof Peter Higgs wins the Royal Society's Copley Medal"
2197:. University of Edinburgh. 2012. Event occurs at 2:00.
3899:– A Lecture by Peter Higgs available in various formats
3466:
Higgs The invention and discovery of the 'God Particle'
590:, where he specialised in mathematics, then in 1947 to
3660:"Has Richard Dawkins found a worthy opponent at last?"
3105:"Prof Peter Higgs did not know he had won Nobel Prize"
3016:"Press release from Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"
528:, without which certain particles would have no mass.
2520:"Broken Symmetry and the Mass of Gauge Vector Mesons"
1604:"Peter Ware Higgs CH DSc PhD MSc BSc FRS FRSE FInstP"
4122:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
3689:
Key scientist sure "God particle" will be found soon
3135:"Peter Higgs turned down knighthood from Tony Blair"
2755:"Acclaimed physicist presented with Edinburgh Award"
1904:"Higgs boson-like particle discovery claimed at LHC"
977:
in 1999, but in 2012, he accepted membership of the
877:
in 2012; and the Royal Society awarded him the 2015
871:
J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics
6820:
6799:
6584:
6200:
6109:
6048:
5973:
5866:
5839:
5441:
5098:
4787:
4565:
4331:
4186:
4155:
4130:
4107:
4083:
4052:
3851:
Elusive: How Peter Higgs Solved the Mystery of Mass
2778:
2776:
1539:
Some problems in the theory of molecular vibrations
960:On 8 October 2013, it was announced that Higgs and
612:
Some problems in the theory of molecular vibrations
411:
384:
354:
338:
328:
Some problems in the theory of molecular vibrations
320:
291:
281:
197:
189:
159:
128:
117:
98:
72:
34:
3193:
3191:
2472:"Broken Symmetries and the Masses of Gauge Bosons"
1742:the University of Edinburgh Alumni Magazine, p. 17
2572:"Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles"
2404:
2402:
2400:
2329:Higgs boson: Prof Stephen Hawking loses $ 100 bet
677:in 1984. He received an honorary degree from the
7562:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
3313:
3311:
1191:) but declined to attend the awards ceremony in
7242:European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN
3893:– An interview with Peter Higgs in The Guardian
2731:. The City of Edinburgh Council. Archived from
1236:
969:Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour
504:predicted the existence of a new particle, the
3439:"Jody's caring and warmth an inspiration"
2375:"Meeting the Boson Man: Professor Peter Higgs"
2048:Peter Higgs: Behind the scenes at the Universe
1898:
1896:
1284:Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General
746:), but the paper was rejected (the editors of
6879:
6554:
6309:
5816:
4305:
4028:
3875:The Higgs site at the University of Edinburgh
3319:"Portrait of Peter Higgs by Ken Currie, 2010"
1697:University of Edinburgh School of Informatics
923:Higgs was awarded the Freedom of the City of
8:
7547:People educated at the City of London School
3556:
3554:
3493:Interview: the man behind the 'God particle'
2992:. The University of Edinburgh. 6 July 2012.
2990:"University to support new physics research"
2816:"Higgs: Edinburgh Award is a great surprise"
2309:Soon we'll be able to pinpoint that particle
3913:Physics World, Introducing the little Higgs
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1106:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
729:a relativistic theory) and published it in
600:Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851
447:(29 May 1929 – 8 April 2024) was a British
7269:
6904:
6886:
6872:
6864:
6561:
6547:
6539:
6316:
6302:
6294:
5823:
5809:
5801:
4312:
4298:
4290:
4035:
4021:
4013:
3956:
3948:
2960:"Prof Higgs: nice to be right about boson"
1930:Fermilab 'God Particle' may have been seen
1583:
1581:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
586:In 1946, at the age of 17, Higgs moved to
403:
61:
31:
7532:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
2595:
2543:
2495:
1757:"A Discoverer as Elusive as His Particle"
650:as a student in 1949. He was promoted to
630:(1954–56). He then held various posts at
27:British theoretical physicist (1929–2024)
7472:Academics of the University of Edinburgh
3383:"Great minds meet at portrait unveiling"
3350:"Portrait of a man at beginning of time"
2318:The Scotsman. Retrieved 10 January 2013
2221:"Swansea University Honorary Fellowship"
656:Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
2194:Professor Peter Higgs broadcast footage
1521:
881:, the world's oldest scientific prize.
735:, a European physics journal edited at
709:. Nambu had proposed a theory known as
7467:Academics of University College London
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
2934:"Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics"
1950:Higgs: Five decades of noble endeavour
1828:from the original on 25 September 2022
1769:from the original on 15 September 2014
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1610:from the original on 14 October 2013.
241:Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture and Medal
223:High Energy and Particle Physics Prize
6898:for Technical and Scientific Research
4070:(United States/United Kingdom/Israel)
3708:Aitkenhead, Decca (6 December 2013).
3604:from the original on 16 December 2013
3487:
3485:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3198:Aitkenhead, Decca (6 December 2013).
2940:from the original on 16 November 2018
2679:from the original on 13 December 2012
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1566:from the original on 14 November 2017
908:Higgs was presented with an engraved
713:based on what was known to happen in
673:(FInstP) in 1991. He was awarded the
7:
6896:Prince or Princess of Asturias Award
3751:from the original on 1 December 2016
3658:Farndale, Nigel (29 December 2012).
3419:from the original on 23 October 2018
3296:from the original on 14 October 2013
2970:from the original on 12 October 2013
2883:from the original on 28 January 2021
2618:from the original on 10 January 2010
2410:Brief History of the Higgs Mechanism
2364:. Glasgow. Retrieved 10 January 2013
2307:Martin, Victoria (14 December 2011)
2164:from the original on 11 October 2013
2037:, 17 November 2007, weekend section.
1789:A Pioneer as Elusive as His Particle
1703:from the original on 19 October 2022
1195:in protest of Israel's treatment of
932:Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics
7522:Fellows of the Institute of Physics
7024:Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
3635:from the original on 1 October 2013
3592:Rodgers, Peter (1 September 2004).
3231:"Physicist Higgs honoured by Queen"
3028:from the original on 8 October 2013
2902:Henderson, Tony (16 January 2018).
2852:from the original on 15 August 2021
2341:. London. Retrieved 10 January 2013
2046:Macdonald, Kenneth (10 April 2013)
1127:A portrait of Higgs was painted by
798:On 4 July 2012, CERN announced the
7477:Alumni of the University of London
3445:from the original on 10 April 2024
3360:from the original on 10 April 2024
3329:from the original on 23 March 2012
2792:. 25 February 2012. Archived from
2352:Scientists discover 'God' particle
1861:from the original on 6 August 2020
1626:"Search begins for 'God particle'"
1201:Association of University Teachers
1145:Scottish National Portrait Gallery
671:Fellow of the Institute of Physics
531:For this work, Higgs received the
25:
7048:Pedro Miguel Echenique Landiríbar
3826:from the original on 9 April 2024
3806:Carrell, Severin (9 April 2024).
3787:from the original on 9 April 2024
3739:Randerson, James (30 June 2008).
3698:Reuters news story. 7 April 2008.
3561:Highfield, Roger (7 April 2008).
3539:from the original on 9 April 2024
3229:Press Association (1 July 2014).
3164:Rincon, Paul (29 December 2012).
3047:Boucle, Anna (18 February 2014).
2914:from the original on 9 April 2024
2709:from the original on 23 July 2015
2385:from the original on 20 June 2016
1910:from the original on 31 July 2018
1673:from the original on 1 April 2023
1638:from the original on 9 April 2024
1159:Personal life and political views
979:Order of the Companions of Honour
864:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
789:1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers
667:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)
7517:Fellows of King's College London
3720:from the original on 20 May 2014
3670:from the original on 10 May 2019
3623:Sample, Ian (17 November 2007).
3393:from the original on 6 July 2011
3210:from the original on 20 May 2014
3176:from the original on 8 June 2013
3145:from the original on 12 May 2014
3115:from the original on 28 May 2016
3059:from the original on 23 May 2015
2996:from the original on 9 July 2012
2871:Weale, Sally (29 January 2015).
2822:from the original on 4 July 2012
2201:from the original on 21 May 2013
2128:from the original on 5 June 2023
2078:from the original on 1 July 2020
1948:Amos, Jonathan (8 October 2013)
1847:Griffiths, Martin (1 May 2007).
1165:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
873:; a unique Higgs Medal from the
417:
179:
7592:20th-century British physicists
7587:21st-century British physicists
7557:Wolf Prize in Physics laureates
7482:Alumni of King's College London
6510:Oxford–AstraZeneca Vaccine Team
3284:"Peter Higgs: Curriculum Vitae"
2936:. The University of Edinburgh.
1879:Fermilab Today (16 June 2005)
1175:member until the group opposed
1137:School of Physics and Astronomy
950:School of Physics and Astronomy
175:
7572:Recipients of the Copley Medal
7492:British theoretical physicists
3741:"Father of the 'God Particle'"
2146:1851 Royal Commission Archives
2098:The Dirac-Higgs Science Centre
1849:"The tale of the blogs' boson"
1814:Blum, Deborah (15 July 2022).
1728:Griggs, Jessica (Summer 2008)
1624:Bowder, Bill (10 April 2008).
1234:, Higgs was quoted as saying:
1177:genetically modified organisms
1149:James Clerk Maxwell Foundation
810:). Speaking at the seminar in
1:
6607:Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
3519:Close, Frank (9 April 2024).
3499:13 September 2008, pp. 44–45
1995:Peter Higgs: Curriculum Vitae
1928:Rincon, Paul (10 March 2004)
1666:Mathematics Genealogy Project
1592:Mathematics Genealogy Project
1179:. Higgs was awarded the 2004
711:spontaneous symmetry breaking
482:spontaneous symmetry breaking
151:Spontaneous symmetry breaking
7527:Fellows of the Royal Society
3849:Close, Frank (6 July 2023).
2454:10.1016/0031-9163(64)91136-9
2327:Collins, Nick (4 July 2012)
946:James Clerk Maxwell Building
860:Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture
579:, a founder of the field of
514:discovery of the Higgs boson
459:for his work on the mass of
3387:The University of Edinburgh
1606:. University of Edinburgh.
1230:. In a 2013 interview with
1099:Free University of Brussels
948:, home of the university's
804:Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS)
739:, in Switzerland, in 1964.
608:Christopher Longuet-Higgins
349:Christopher Longuet-Higgins
7608:
7537:Nobel laureates in Physics
6639:William Alexander Gambling
3886:BBC profile of Peter Higgs
3882:List of Papers by PW Higgs
3563:"Prof Peter Higgs profile"
2597:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585
2545:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.321
2497:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.508
1536:Higgs, Peter Ware (1954).
1383:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.508
1305:10.1088/0305-4470/12/3/006
1113:Queen's University Belfast
893:Edinburgh Award handprints
875:Royal Society of Edinburgh
675:Rutherford Medal and Prize
259:Princess of Asturias Award
7279:
7268:
6954:Antonio González González
6932:Luis Antonio Santaló Sors
6914:
6903:
6332:
6251:
4217:
3993:
3976:
3964:
3959:
3625:"The god of small things"
3594:"The heart of the matter"
3506:13 September 2008 at the
2818:. BBC. 24 February 2012.
2287:10.1007/s12045-012-0110-z
2107:Retrieved 10 January 2013
2024:"The god of small things"
1993:Staff (29 November 2012)
1886:21 September 2008 at the
1500:10.1107/S0365110X53000727
1461:10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.373
1262:, the author of the book
1050:University College London
918:Lord Provost of Edinburgh
899:City of Edinburgh Council
868:American Physical Society
852:European Physical Society
636:University College London
563:, Higgs stayed behind in
457:Nobel laureate in Physics
416:
380:
309:University College London
274:
60:
7315:Scientific Collaboration
7020:Manuel Losada Villasante
6996:Francisco Bolívar Zapata
3694:23 February 2021 at the
3569:. London. Archived from
2415:12 November 2012 at the
2255:21 November 2007 at the
1939:Retrieved on 27 May 2008
1890:Retrieved on 27 May 2008
1735:20 December 2016 at the
1344:10.1103/PhysRev.145.1156
1092:University of St Andrews
1085:University of Manchester
818:rejected Higgs's paper.
596:1851 Research Fellowship
543:Early life and education
7507:English Nobel laureates
7487:British Nobel laureates
7406:Everett Peter Greenberg
7058:Enrique Moreno González
7002:Federico García Moliner
5981:Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
4064:(United States/Austria)
3918:17 January 2010 at the
3891:The god of small things
3501:(subscription required)
3371:(subscription required)
3289:University of Edinburgh
2966:. London. 6 July 2012.
2659:10.1103/PhysRev.130.439
2576:Physical Review Letters
2524:Physical Review Letters
2476:Physical Review Letters
2408:Staff (5 January 2012)
2261:Encyclopædia Britannica
2158:"Professor Peter Higgs"
2156:King's College London.
2053:15 October 2018 at the
2000:14 October 2013 at the
1440:Physical Review Letters
1362:Physical Review Letters
1057:University of Cambridge
1022:University of Edinburgh
914:the Rt Hon George Grubb
784:Physical Review Letters
753:Physical Review Letters
640:University of Edinburgh
632:Imperial College London
628:University of Edinburgh
535:, which he shared with
473:Physical Review Letters
453:University of Edinburgh
304:Imperial College London
299:University of Edinburgh
7285:Emmanuelle Charpentier
6944:David Vázquez Martínez
6938:Antonio Garcia-Bellido
6629:Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
4325:Nobel Prize in Physics
4223:Nobel Prize recipients
4157:Physiology or Medicine
4076:(United States/Israel)
3979:Nobel Prize in Physics
3521:"Peter Higgs obituary"
2334:6 October 2014 at the
1479:Acta Crystallographica
1256:
1120:Trinity College Dublin
1064:Heriot-Watt University
956:Nobel Prize in Physics
894:
547:Higgs was born in the
533:Nobel Prize in Physics
496:in general and of the
253:Nobel Prize in Physics
7582:21st-century atheists
7577:20th-century atheists
7214:Arturo Álvarez-Buylla
6853:Frank Westheimer
6212:Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
5833:Wolf Prize in Physics
3049:"The Life Scientific"
2729:"The Edinburgh Award"
2675:. CERN. 4 July 2012.
2314:14 April 2013 at the
2122:King's College London
2029:10 April 2024 at the
1755:(15 September 2014).
1214:as having adopted a "
1181:Wolf Prize in Physics
1141:School of Mathematics
1043:King's College London
1029:University of Glasgow
1015:University of Bristol
928:Heroes Walk of Fame.
892:
856:Wolf Prize in Physics
844:Dirac Medal and Prize
760:). Other physicists,
707:University of Chicago
679:University of Bristol
614:from the university.
592:King's College London
588:City of London School
569:Cotham Grammar School
518:Large Hadron Collider
480:) that proposed that
449:theoretical physicist
313:King's College London
235:Wolf Prize in Physics
217:Dirac Medal and Prize
122:King's College London
7552:People from Wallsend
7497:Critics of religions
7176:George M. Whitesides
6835:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
6829:Anatole Abragam
6726:Michael J. D. Powell
6612:Pierre Deslongchamps
6502:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
6001:Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
3464:Baggot, Jim (2012).
2673:"Higgs within reach"
2381:. 24 February 2012.
2350:Staff (4 July 2012)
1955:11 June 2016 at the
1935:19 July 2008 at the
1906:. BBC. 4 July 2012.
1794:23 July 2016 at the
1078:University of Durham
973:Higgs turned down a
938:Edinburgh University
848:Institute of Physics
840:Institute of Physics
500:in particular. This
494:elementary particles
178: 1963;
7542:Particle physicists
7420:Jeffrey M. Friedman
7248:Avelino Corma Canós
7044:Emilio Méndez Pérez
6526:Gregory Paul Winter
5940:Albert J. Libchaber
5936:Mitchell Feigenbaum
5857:Giuseppe Occhialini
3664:The Daily Telegraph
3141:. 16 October 2013.
3111:. 11 October 2013.
2651:1963PhRv..130..439A
2588:1964PhRvL..13..585G
2536:1964PhRvL..13..321E
2488:1964PhRvL..13..508H
2446:1964PhL....12..132H
2357:3 June 2013 at the
2103:23 May 2013 at the
1492:1953AcCry...6..232H
1453:1958PhRvL...1..373H
1414:1959NCim...11..816H
1375:1964PhRvL..13..508H
1336:1966PhRv..145.1156H
1297:1979JPhA...12..309H
1228:Buddhist scriptures
1133:James Clerk Maxwell
942:theoretical physics
719:Goldstone's theorem
618:Career and research
553:Newcastle upon Tyne
461:subatomic particles
451:, professor at the
286:Theoretical physics
91:Newcastle upon Tyne
7512:English physicists
7218:Giacomo Rizzolatti
7148:Juan Ignacio Cirac
6948:Emilio Rosenblueth
6847:Henry Stommel
6807:David Attenborough
6674:Christopher Hooley
6486:John B. Goodenough
6216:Allan H. MacDonald
6187:Charles H. Bennett
6165:Robert P. Kirshner
6155:Juan Ignacio Cirac
3947:on Nobelprize.org
3897:My Life as a Boson
3780:The New York Times
3573:on 15 October 2013
3323:The Tait Institute
3021:. 8 October 2013.
2231:on 12 October 2012
2225:Swansea University
1821:The New York Times
1801:The New York Times
1762:The New York Times
1560:uk.bl.ethos.572829
1422:10.1007/BF02732547
1036:Swansea University
895:
822:Awards and honours
683:Swansea University
665:Higgs was elected
660:emeritus professor
488:could explain the
486:electroweak theory
372:Christopher Bishop
247:J.J. Sakurai Prize
7444:
7443:
7440:
7439:
7416:Daniel J. Drucker
7402:Jeffrey I. Gordon
7340:Ingrid Daubechies
7330:Sandra Myrna Díaz
7264:
7263:
7228:Richard A. Lerner
7190:Raymond Tomlinson
6986:Santiago Grisolía
6894:Laureates of the
6861:
6860:
6812:Margaret Thatcher
6781:Charles Weissmann
6664:Richard Henderson
6536:
6535:
6478:Jeffrey I. Gordon
6462:Richard Henderson
6325:Copley Medallists
6291:
6290:
6131:Maximilian Haider
6066:Bertrand Halperin
6060:Masatoshi Koshiba
6056:Raymond Davis Jr.
6007:Benoît Mandelbrot
5995:Valentine Telegdi
5991:Maurice Goldhaber
5985:David J. Thouless
5954:Riccardo Giacconi
5930:Philippe Nozières
5906:Martin Lewis Perl
5892:Gerardus 't Hooft
5882:Kenneth G. Wilson
5831:Laureates of the
5798:
5797:
4287:
4286:
4208:Robert J. Shiller
4202:Lars Peter Hansen
4188:Economic Sciences
4171:Randy W. Schekman
4011:
4010:
3994:Succeeded by
3972:David J. Wineland
3860:978-0-14-199758-2
3853:. Penguin Press.
3475:978-0-19-960349-7
1787:Overbye, Dennis.
1730:The Missing Piece
1253:, 6 December 2013
1183:(sharing it with
715:superconductivity
581:quantum mechanics
425:
424:
355:Doctoral students
340:Doctoral advisors
276:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
7599:
7502:English atheists
7270:
7238:François Englert
7096:Lawrence Roberts
7090:Jean Weissenbach
7014:Manuel Patarroyo
6990:Salvador Moncada
6974:Marcos Moshinsky
6926:Manuel Ballester
6905:
6888:
6881:
6874:
6865:
6563:
6556:
6549:
6540:
6529:
6521:
6513:
6505:
6497:
6489:
6481:
6473:
6465:
6457:
6449:
6441:
6433:
6425:
6417:
6405:
6397:
6389:
6381:
6373:
6365:
6357:
6349:
6341:
6318:
6311:
6304:
6295:
6161:James D. Bjorken
6145:Jacob Bekenstein
6080:François Englert
5946:Herbert Friedman
5902:Leon M. Lederman
5896:Victor Weisskopf
5853:George Uhlenbeck
5825:
5818:
5811:
5802:
5791:
5775:
5759:
5743:
5727:
5711:
5695:
5679:
5663:
5651:
5635:
5623:
5611:
5595:
5583:
5567:
5551:
5539:
5527:
5511:
5495:
5479:
5463:
5434:
5418:
5406:
5390:
5374:
5358:
5346:
5334:
5322:
5314:
5306:
5290:
5274:
5258:
5246:
5230:
5222:
5210:
5198:
5190:
5174:
5162:
5146:
5130:
5114:
5091:
5075:
5063:
5047:
5031:
5023:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4987:
4979:
4963:
4947:
4931:
4923:
4911:
4903:
4891:
4875:
4863:
4847:
4835:
4823:
4815:
4803:
4780:
4772:
4764:
4756:
4748:
4740:
4732:
4724:
4716:
4715:
4709:
4708:
4702:
4701:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4667:
4655:
4647:
4646:
4640:
4628:
4620:
4619:
4613:
4605:
4597:
4589:
4577:
4558:
4546:
4538:
4530:
4522:
4514:
4506:
4498:
4490:
4482:
4481:
4475:
4463:
4455:
4453:Kamerlingh Onnes
4447:
4439:
4431:
4423:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4379:
4371:
4355:
4343:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4291:
4225:
4177:Thomas C. Südhof
4165:James E. Rothman
4148:(United Kingdom)
4140:François Englert
4037:
4030:
4023:
4014:
3989:François Englert
3965:Preceded by
3957:
3952:
3864:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3773:(9 April 2024).
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3705:
3699:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3558:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3516:
3510:
3502:
3489:
3480:
3479:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3315:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3280:
3243:
3242:
3241:on 14 July 2014.
3237:. Archived from
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3081:. Archived from
3075:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2705:. 20 July 2015.
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2426:
2420:
2406:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2371:
2365:
2348:
2342:
2325:
2319:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2270:
2264:
2250:"Higgs particle"
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2227:. Archived from
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2114:
2108:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2064:
2058:
2044:
2038:
2020:
2005:
1991:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1900:
1891:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1811:
1805:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1749:
1743:
1726:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1600:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1533:
1511:
1472:
1433:
1401:Il Nuovo Cimento
1394:
1355:
1330:(4): 1156–1163.
1316:
1260:Leon M. Lederman
1254:
1232:Decca Aitkenhead
1189:François Englert
1151:. A portrait by
1135:Building of the
1004:Honorary degrees
1000:on 1 July 2014.
995:
988:
962:François Englert
936:On 6 July 2012,
836:Rutherford Medal
766:François Englert
537:François Englert
526:particle physics
468:milestone papers
446:
428:Peter Ware Higgs
421:
407:
402:
399:
397:
395:
393:
391:
334:
211:Rutherford Medal
183:
181:
177:
105:
86:
84:
77:Peter Ware Higgs
65:
55:
32:
21:
18:Peter Ware Higgs
7607:
7606:
7602:
7601:
7600:
7598:
7597:
7596:
7447:
7446:
7445:
7436:
7432:Svetlana Mojsov
7428:Jens Juul Holst
7424:Joel F. Habener
7384:Geoffrey Hinton
7348:Emmanuel Candès
7309:Barry C. Barish
7289:Jennifer Doudna
7275:
7260:
7256:Galen D. Stucky
7142:Antonio Damasio
7136:Robert Weinberg
7132:Bert Vogelstein
7108:Tim Berners-Lee
7082:Francis Collins
7031:Valentín Fuster
6910:
6899:
6892:
6862:
6857:
6841:Jean Leray
6816:
6795:
6791:Dudley Williams
6701:C David Marsden
6644:Ian Graham Gass
6618:William Douglas
6597:Patrick Bateson
6580:
6567:
6537:
6532:
6524:
6516:
6508:
6500:
6492:
6484:
6476:
6468:
6460:
6452:
6444:
6436:
6428:
6420:
6408:
6400:
6392:
6384:
6378:Stephen Hawking
6376:
6368:
6360:
6352:
6344:
6336:
6328:
6322:
6292:
6287:
6247:
6228:Anne L'Huillier
6208:Rafi Bistritzer
6196:
6191:Gilles Brassard
6125:Anton Zeilinger
6117:John F. Clauser
6105:
6090:Daniel Kleppner
6070:Anthony Leggett
6044:
6013:Vitaly Ginzburg
5969:
5964:Stephen Hawking
5926:Conyers Herring
5920:Theodore Maiman
5862:
5847:Chien-Shiung Wu
5835:
5829:
5799:
5794:
5778:
5762:
5746:
5730:
5714:
5698:
5682:
5666:
5654:
5638:
5626:
5614:
5598:
5586:
5570:
5554:
5542:
5530:
5514:
5498:
5482:
5466:
5450:
5443:
5437:
5421:
5409:
5393:
5384:Cohen-Tannoudji
5377:
5361:
5349:
5337:
5325:
5317:
5309:
5293:
5277:
5261:
5249:
5233:
5225:
5213:
5201:
5193:
5177:
5165:
5149:
5133:
5117:
5105:
5094:
5078:
5066:
5050:
5034:
5026:
5014:
5006:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4966:
4950:
4934:
4926:
4914:
4906:
4894:
4878:
4866:
4850:
4838:
4826:
4818:
4806:
4794:
4783:
4775:
4767:
4759:
4751:
4743:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4690:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4650:
4644:
4643:
4631:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4608:
4600:
4592:
4580:
4572:
4561:
4549:
4541:
4533:
4525:
4517:
4509:
4501:
4493:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4466:
4458:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4414:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4374:
4358:
4346:
4338:
4327:
4318:
4288:
4283:
4221:
4213:
4210:(United States)
4204:(United States)
4198:(United States)
4182:
4179:(United States)
4173:(United States)
4167:(United States)
4151:
4126:
4103:
4079:
4048:
4041:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3985:
3983:
3974:
3970:
3920:Wayback Machine
3871:
3861:
3848:
3845:
3843:Further reading
3840:
3839:
3829:
3827:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3771:Overbye, Dennis
3769:
3768:
3764:
3754:
3752:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3723:
3721:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3696:Wayback Machine
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3646:are religious."
3638:
3636:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3607:
3605:
3598:The Independent
3591:
3590:
3586:
3576:
3574:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3542:
3540:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3508:Wayback Machine
3500:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3363:
3361:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3282:
3281:
3246:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3213:
3211:
3197:
3196:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3148:
3146:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3085:on 15 July 2014
3077:
3076:
3072:
3062:
3060:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2915:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2848:. 4 July 2013.
2840:
2839:
2835:
2825:
2823:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2782:
2781:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2761:on 31 July 2012
2753:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2735:on 29 July 2012
2727:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2639:Physical Review
2636:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2614:. Prl.aps.org.
2610:
2609:
2605:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2482:(16): 508–509.
2466:
2465:
2461:
2434:Physics Letters
2428:
2427:
2423:
2417:Wayback Machine
2407:
2398:
2388:
2386:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2359:Wayback Machine
2349:
2345:
2336:Wayback Machine
2326:
2322:
2316:Wayback Machine
2306:
2302:
2281:(10): 956–973.
2272:
2271:
2267:
2257:Wayback Machine
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2105:Wayback Machine
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2072:The Nobel Prize
2066:
2065:
2061:
2055:Wayback Machine
2045:
2041:
2031:Wayback Machine
2021:
2008:
2002:Wayback Machine
1992:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1957:Wayback Machine
1947:
1943:
1937:Wayback Machine
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1888:Wayback Machine
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1796:Wayback Machine
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1753:Overbye, Dennis
1751:
1750:
1746:
1737:Wayback Machine
1727:
1716:
1706:
1704:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1641:
1639:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1586:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1535:
1534:
1523:
1518:
1475:
1447:(10): 373–374.
1436:
1397:
1369:(16): 508–509.
1358:
1323:Physical Review
1319:
1280:
1277:
1255:
1247:
1212:Richard Dawkins
1210:. He described
1161:
1125:
1006:
993:
986:
971:
958:
934:
887:
862:medal from the
824:
816:Physics Letters
793:Philip Anderson
770:Gerald Guralnik
748:Physics Letters
744:Higgs mechanism
732:Physics Letters
698:Higgs mechanism
646:to the Western
624:Research Fellow
620:
604:Charles Coulson
545:
502:Higgs mechanism
430:
388:
376:
347:
345:Charles Coulson
332:
316:
270:
185:
182: 1972)
173:
169:
166:
165:Jody Williamson
155:
146:Higgs mechanism
124:(BSc, MSc, PhD)
118:Alma mater
113:
107:
103:
94:
88:
82:
80:
79:
78:
68:
56:
39:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7605:
7603:
7595:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7449:
7448:
7442:
7441:
7438:
7437:
7435:
7434:
7412:
7410:Bonnie Bassler
7398:
7396:Demis Hassabis
7380:
7362:Philip Felgner
7354:Katalin Karikó
7350:
7332:
7322:
7316:
7297:
7291:
7280:
7277:
7276:
7273:
7266:
7265:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7258:
7244:
7230:
7224:Gregory Winter
7220:
7206:
7192:
7182:
7168:Shuji Nakamura
7160:
7154:Peter Lawrence
7150:
7144:
7138:
7116:
7110:
7100:Robert E. Kahn
7092:
7086:Hamilton Smith
7070:
7068:Luc Montagnier
7060:
7054:Ricardo Miledi
7050:
7040:
7033:
7027:
7016:
7010:
7004:
6998:
6992:
6982:
6976:
6970:Manuel Cardona
6966:
6960:Jacinto Convit
6956:
6950:
6940:
6934:
6928:
6922:
6915:
6912:
6911:
6908:
6901:
6900:
6893:
6891:
6890:
6883:
6876:
6868:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6855:
6849:
6843:
6837:
6831:
6824:
6822:
6818:
6817:
6815:
6814:
6809:
6803:
6801:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6776:Felix Weinberg
6773:
6768:
6763:
6761:Brian Spalding
6758:
6756:Edwin Southern
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6721:Michael Pepper
6718:
6713:
6708:
6706:Donald Metcalf
6703:
6698:
6696:George Lusztig
6693:
6688:
6686:Peter Lawrence
6683:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6602:Edward Cocking
6599:
6594:
6588:
6586:
6582:
6581:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6558:
6551:
6543:
6534:
6533:
6531:
6530:
6522:
6514:
6506:
6498:
6490:
6482:
6474:
6466:
6458:
6450:
6442:
6434:
6430:John E. Walker
6426:
6418:
6406:
6398:
6390:
6382:
6374:
6366:
6358:
6350:
6342:
6338:Jacques Miller
6333:
6330:
6329:
6327:(2001–present)
6323:
6321:
6320:
6313:
6306:
6298:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6245:
6239:
6225:
6222:Giorgio Parisi
6219:
6204:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6184:
6174:
6168:
6158:
6148:
6142:
6128:
6113:
6111:
6107:
6106:
6104:
6103:
6100:Peter Grünberg
6093:
6087:
6073:
6063:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6036:
6029:Yakir Aharonov
6026:
6020:
6017:Yoichiro Nambu
6010:
6004:
5998:
5988:
5977:
5975:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5957:
5943:
5933:
5923:
5909:
5899:
5885:
5874:Michael Fisher
5870:
5868:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5860:
5850:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5805:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5792:
5776:
5760:
5744:
5728:
5712:
5696:
5680:
5664:
5652:
5636:
5624:
5612:
5596:
5584:
5568:
5552:
5540:
5528:
5512:
5496:
5480:
5464:
5447:
5445:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5435:
5419:
5407:
5391:
5375:
5359:
5347:
5335:
5323:
5315:
5307:
5291:
5275:
5259:
5247:
5231:
5223:
5211:
5199:
5191:
5175:
5163:
5147:
5131:
5120:P. W. Anderson
5115:
5102:
5100:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5076:
5064:
5048:
5032:
5024:
5012:
5004:
4996:
4988:
4980:
4964:
4948:
4941:Goeppert Mayer
4932:
4924:
4912:
4904:
4892:
4876:
4864:
4848:
4836:
4824:
4816:
4804:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4773:
4765:
4757:
4749:
4741:
4733:
4725:
4717:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4668:
4665:C. D. Anderson
4656:
4648:
4641:
4629:
4621:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4578:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4547:
4539:
4531:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4476:
4464:
4456:
4448:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4356:
4344:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4294:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4192:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4161:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4146:Peter W. Higgs
4143:
4136:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4094:
4092:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4071:
4068:Michael Levitt
4065:
4062:Martin Karplus
4058:
4056:
4050:
4049:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4008:
4005:Shuji Nakamura
3995:
3992:
3975:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3894:
3888:
3883:
3880:Google Scholar
3877:
3870:
3869:External links
3867:
3866:
3865:
3859:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3798:
3762:
3731:
3700:
3681:
3650:
3615:
3584:
3550:
3511:
3481:
3474:
3456:
3430:
3404:
3374:
3340:
3307:
3244:
3221:
3187:
3156:
3126:
3096:
3070:
3039:
3007:
2981:
2951:
2925:
2894:
2863:
2833:
2807:
2796:on 6 July 2012
2772:
2746:
2720:
2690:
2664:
2645:(1): 439–442.
2629:
2603:
2551:
2503:
2459:
2440:(2): 132–201.
2421:
2396:
2366:
2343:
2320:
2300:
2265:
2242:
2212:
2184:
2175:
2148:
2139:
2109:
2089:
2059:
2039:
2006:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1941:
1921:
1892:
1872:
1839:
1806:
1780:
1744:
1714:
1684:
1652:
1616:
1595:
1577:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1486:(3): 232–241.
1473:
1434:
1408:(6): 816–820.
1395:
1356:
1317:
1291:(3): 309–323.
1276:
1273:
1245:
1216:fundamentalist
1160:
1157:
1153:Victoria Crowe
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1071:SISSA, Trieste
1067:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:Holyrood House
983:honours system
970:
967:
957:
954:
933:
930:
886:
883:
823:
820:
703:Yoichiro Nambu
619:
616:
544:
541:
522:Standard Model
512:announced the
498:W and Z bosons
490:origin of mass
423:
422:
414:
413:
409:
408:
386:
382:
381:
378:
377:
375:
374:
369:
364:
358:
356:
352:
351:
342:
336:
335:
324:
318:
317:
315:
314:
311:
306:
301:
295:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
278:
272:
271:
269:
268:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
220:
214:
208:
201:
199:
195:
194:
191:
187:
186:
171:
167:
164:
163:
161:
157:
156:
154:
153:
148:
143:
138:
132:
130:
129:Known for
126:
125:
119:
115:
114:
108:
106:(aged 94)
100:
96:
95:
89:
76:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7604:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7454:
7452:
7433:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7411:
7407:
7403:
7399:
7397:
7393:
7392:Yoshua Bengio
7389:
7385:
7381:
7379:
7378:Sarah Gilbert
7375:
7374:Derrick Rossi
7371:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7358:Drew Weissman
7355:
7351:
7349:
7345:
7341:
7337:
7333:
7331:
7327:
7323:
7321:
7317:
7314:
7310:
7306:
7305:Kip S. Thorne
7302:
7298:
7296:
7292:
7290:
7286:
7282:
7281:
7278:
7271:
7267:
7257:
7253:
7252:Mark E. Davis
7249:
7245:
7243:
7239:
7235:
7231:
7229:
7225:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7211:
7210:Joseph Altman
7207:
7205:
7204:Linda Watkins
7201:
7197:
7193:
7191:
7187:
7186:Martin Cooper
7183:
7181:
7177:
7173:
7172:Robert Langer
7169:
7165:
7161:
7159:
7155:
7151:
7149:
7145:
7143:
7139:
7137:
7133:
7129:
7128:Joan Massagué
7125:
7121:
7120:Judah Folkman
7117:
7115:
7111:
7109:
7105:
7101:
7097:
7093:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7059:
7055:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7041:
7039:research team
7038:
7034:
7032:
7028:
7026:of Costa Rica
7025:
7021:
7017:
7015:
7011:
7009:
7005:
7003:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6991:
6987:
6983:
6981:
6977:
6975:
6971:
6967:
6965:
6964:Pablo Rudomín
6961:
6957:
6955:
6951:
6949:
6945:
6941:
6939:
6935:
6933:
6929:
6927:
6923:
6921:
6917:
6916:
6913:
6906:
6902:
6897:
6889:
6884:
6882:
6877:
6875:
6870:
6869:
6866:
6854:
6850:
6848:
6844:
6842:
6838:
6836:
6832:
6830:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6819:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6804:
6802:
6798:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6786:John Westcott
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6746:Dennis Sciama
6744:
6742:
6741:Alan Sargeson
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6731:Philip Randle
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6711:Keith O'Nions
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6681:
6680:Anthony James
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6624:R. John Ellis
6622:
6620:
6619:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6592:Martin Aitken
6590:
6589:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6574:Royal Society
6571:
6564:
6559:
6557:
6552:
6550:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6479:
6475:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6446:Alec Jeffreys
6443:
6439:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6423:
6419:
6415:
6414:Tomas Lindahl
6411:
6407:
6403:
6399:
6395:
6394:Roger Penrose
6391:
6387:
6383:
6379:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6351:
6347:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6326:
6319:
6314:
6312:
6307:
6305:
6300:
6299:
6296:
6284:
6283:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6250:
6243:
6240:
6237:
6236:Ferenc Krausz
6233:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6199:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6182:
6181:Didier Queloz
6178:
6175:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6156:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6108:
6101:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6081:
6077:
6074:
6071:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6057:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6040:
6039:Dan Shechtman
6037:
6034:
6033:Michael Berry
6030:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5996:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5972:
5965:
5961:
5960:Roger Penrose
5958:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5937:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5888:Freeman Dyson
5886:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5865:
5858:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5838:
5834:
5826:
5821:
5819:
5814:
5812:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5777:
5774:
5770:
5766:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5745:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5729:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5710:
5706:
5702:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5681:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5665:
5662:
5658:
5653:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5637:
5634:
5630:
5625:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5569:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5529:
5526:
5522:
5518:
5513:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5497:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5481:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5465:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5440:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5376:
5373:
5372:R. Richardson
5369:
5365:
5360:
5357:
5353:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5324:
5321:
5316:
5313:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5292:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5276:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5257:
5253:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5232:
5229:
5224:
5221:
5217:
5212:
5209:
5205:
5204:Chandrasekhar
5200:
5197:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5176:
5173:
5169:
5164:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5148:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5132:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5116:
5113:
5109:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5030:
5025:
5022:
5018:
5013:
5010:
5005:
5002:
4997:
4994:
4989:
4986:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4933:
4930:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4910:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4893:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4877:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4849:
4846:
4842:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4825:
4822:
4817:
4814:
4810:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4779:
4774:
4771:
4766:
4763:
4758:
4755:
4750:
4747:
4742:
4739:
4734:
4731:
4726:
4723:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4694:
4689:
4686:
4681:
4678:
4677:G. P. Thomson
4674:
4669:
4666:
4662:
4657:
4654:
4649:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4630:
4627:
4622:
4615:
4612:
4607:
4604:
4599:
4596:
4595:O. Richardson
4591:
4588:
4584:
4579:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4545:
4540:
4537:
4532:
4529:
4524:
4521:
4516:
4513:
4508:
4505:
4500:
4497:
4492:
4489:
4484:
4477:
4474:
4470:
4465:
4462:
4457:
4454:
4449:
4446:
4441:
4438:
4433:
4430:
4429:Van der Waals
4425:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4410:
4405:
4402:
4397:
4394:
4393:J. J. Thomson
4389:
4386:
4381:
4378:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4345:
4342:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4315:
4310:
4308:
4303:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4075:
4074:Arieh Warshel
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4046:
4038:
4033:
4031:
4026:
4024:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4006:
4002:
4001:Hiroshi Amano
3998:
3997:Isamu Akasaki
3991:
3990:
3982:
3980:
3973:
3969:
3968:Serge Haroche
3963:
3958:
3951:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3856:
3852:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3802:
3799:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3735:
3732:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3704:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3685:
3682:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3619:
3616:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3588:
3585:
3572:
3568:
3567:The Telegraph
3564:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3498:
3497:New Scientist
3494:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3457:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3431:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3344:
3341:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3225:
3222:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3160:
3157:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3127:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3071:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3040:
3024:
3017:
3011:
3008:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2913:
2909:
2908:The Chronicle
2905:
2898:
2895:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2630:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2339:The Telegraph
2337:
2333:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2163:
2159:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2118:"Peter Higgs"
2113:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2068:"Peter Higgs"
2063:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2022:Sample, Ian.
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1854:Physics World
1850:
1843:
1840:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1661:"Lewis Ryder"
1656:
1653:
1649:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1244:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1206:Higgs was an
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1001:
999:
991:
984:
980:
976:
968:
966:
963:
955:
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
931:
929:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
906:
904:
900:
891:
884:
882:
880:
876:
872:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
832:Royal Society
829:
821:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
786:
785:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
754:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
733:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
699:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
617:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
542:
540:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
470:published in
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
420:
415:
410:
406:
401:
387:
383:
379:
373:
370:
368:
367:David Wallace
365:
363:
360:
359:
357:
353:
350:
346:
343:
341:
337:
330:
329:
325:
323:
319:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
294:
290:
287:
284:
280:
277:
273:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
162:
158:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
131:
127:
123:
120:
116:
111:
101:
97:
92:
75:
71:
67:Higgs in 2013
64:
59:
54:
50:
46:
42:
33:
30:
19:
7370:Özlem Türeci
7326:Joanne Chory
7320:Svante Pääbo
7301:Rainer Weiss
7233:
7200:Baruch Minke
7196:David Julius
7164:Sumio Iijima
7158:Ginés Morata
7114:Jane Goodall
7078:John Sulston
7074:Craig Venter
7064:Robert Gallo
7008:Amable Liñán
6920:Alberto Sols
6678:
6668:
6659:Ray Guillery
6616:
6470:Andrew Wiles
6453:
6422:Dan McKenzie
6402:Martin Evans
6280:
6177:Michel Mayor
6151:Peter Zoller
6121:Alain Aspect
6083:
6076:Robert Brout
6023:John Wheeler
5916:Peter Hirsch
5878:Leo Kadanoff
5632:
5228:von Klitzing
5220:Van der Meer
4253:
4145:
3987:
3984:2013
3977:
3850:
3828:. Retrieved
3812:The Guardian
3811:
3801:
3789:. Retrieved
3778:
3765:
3753:. Retrieved
3745:The Guardian
3744:
3734:
3722:. Retrieved
3714:The Guardian
3713:
3703:
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3663:
3653:
3644:
3637:. Retrieved
3629:The Guardian
3628:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3597:
3587:
3575:. Retrieved
3571:the original
3566:
3541:. Retrieved
3525:The Guardian
3524:
3514:
3465:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3386:
3377:
3362:. Retrieved
3353:
3348:Wade, Mike.
3343:
3331:. Retrieved
3322:
3298:. Retrieved
3287:
3239:the original
3234:
3224:
3212:. Retrieved
3204:The Guardian
3203:
3178:. Retrieved
3169:
3159:
3147:. Retrieved
3139:The Scotsman
3138:
3129:
3117:. Retrieved
3108:
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3083:the original
3073:
3061:. Retrieved
3052:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3010:
2998:. Retrieved
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2964:The Guardian
2963:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2928:
2916:. Retrieved
2907:
2897:
2885:. Retrieved
2877:The Guardian
2876:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2845:
2836:
2824:. Retrieved
2810:
2798:. Retrieved
2794:the original
2789:The Scotsman
2787:
2763:. Retrieved
2759:the original
2749:
2737:. Retrieved
2733:the original
2723:
2711:. Retrieved
2702:
2693:
2681:. Retrieved
2667:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2606:
2579:
2575:
2560:Guralnik, G.
2554:
2527:
2523:
2506:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2462:
2437:
2433:
2430:Higgs, P. W.
2429:
2424:
2387:. Retrieved
2378:
2369:
2361:
2346:
2338:
2323:
2303:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2260:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2229:the original
2224:
2215:
2203:. Retrieved
2193:
2187:
2178:
2166:. Retrieved
2151:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2121:
2112:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2071:
2062:
2042:
2035:The Guardian
2034:
1973:
1964:
1944:
1924:
1912:. Retrieved
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1852:
1842:
1832:25 September
1830:. Retrieved
1819:
1809:
1799:
1783:
1773:15 September
1771:. Retrieved
1760:
1747:
1739:
1705:. Retrieved
1687:
1675:. Retrieved
1664:
1655:
1647:
1640:. Retrieved
1631:Church Times
1629:
1619:
1611:
1598:
1568:. Retrieved
1543:
1538:
1483:
1477:
1444:
1438:
1405:
1399:
1366:
1360:
1327:
1321:
1288:
1282:
1275:Bibliography
1270:
1263:
1257:
1250:The Guardian
1248:
1243:intelligent?
1237:
1205:
1197:Palestinians
1185:Robert Brout
1169:
1162:
1126:
1007:
989:
972:
959:
935:
922:
907:
896:
885:Civic awards
879:Copley Medal
828:Hughes Medal
825:
815:
797:
782:
762:Robert Brout
751:
747:
741:
730:
723:
695:
669:in 1983 and
664:
621:
611:
585:
557:World War II
551:district of
546:
530:
477:
471:
465:
427:
426:
326:
292:Institutions
275:
265:Copley Medal
205:Hughes Medal
104:(2024-04-08)
102:8 April 2024
29:
7462:2024 deaths
7457:1929 births
7344:Terence Tao
7234:Peter Higgs
7180:Tobin Marks
7124:Tony Hunter
7104:Vinton Cerf
6980:Guido Münch
6766:Nigel Unwin
6751:Ian Sneddon
6691:John Lawson
6669:Peter Higgs
6654:George Gray
6649:Ian Gibbons
6634:Alan Fersht
6518:Martin Rees
6494:Alan Fersht
6454:Peter Higgs
6362:Harry Kroto
6354:John Gurdon
6271:Mathematics
6256:Agriculture
6242:Martin Rees
6232:Paul Corkum
6171:Yoseph Imry
6135:Harald Rose
6096:Albert Fert
6084:Peter Higgs
5950:Bruno Rossi
5272:Steinberger
5188:K. Siegbahn
5180:Bloembergen
4901:Chamberlain
4634:Schrödinger
4544:M. Siegbahn
4473:W. H. Bragg
4469:W. L. Bragg
4196:Eugene Fama
4098:Alice Munro
4045:Nobel Prize
3945:Peter Higgs
3755:16 December
3423:4 September
3235:The Courier
2944:17 November
2582:(20): 585.
2512:Englert, F.
2235:20 December
1707:8 September
1588:Peter Higgs
1570:13 November
1544:ethos.bl.uk
866:; the 2010
858:; the 2009
854:; the 2004
842:; the 1997
834:; the 1984
774:C. R. Hagen
758:Higgs boson
691:Higgs field
654:, became a
644:hitchhiking
539:in 2013.
506:Higgs boson
362:Lewis Ryder
229:Royal Medal
141:Higgs field
136:Higgs boson
87:29 May 1929
36:Peter Higgs
7451:Categories
7388:Yann LeCun
7366:Uğur Şahin
7336:Yves Meyer
7311:, and the
6800:Statute 12
6736:Ivan Roitt
6438:Andre Geim
6386:Robert May
6370:Paul Nurse
6346:John Pople
6139:Knut Urban
5912:Erwin Hahn
5789:L'Huillier
5753:Hasselmann
5709:Strickland
5677:Kosterlitz
5601:Perlmutter
5340:Brockhouse
5045:Schrieffer
4917:Hofstadter
4869:C. N. Yang
4626:Heisenberg
4603:De Broglie
4085:Literature
3747:. London.
3666:. London.
3631:. London.
3600:. London.
3356:. London.
3053:BBC RADIO4
2568:Kibble, T.
2530:(9): 321.
2362:The Herald
1516:References
1173:Greenpeace
1129:Ken Currie
1101:(ULB) 2014
975:knighthood
910:loving cup
781:papers by
778:Tom Kibble
577:Paul Dirac
112:, Scotland
83:1929-05-29
7295:Hugh Herr
7037:Atapuerca
6716:Ted Paige
6410:David Cox
6266:Chemistry
6102:(2006–07)
6072:(2002–03)
6025:(1996–97)
6019:(1994–95)
5932:(1984–85)
5922:(1983–84)
5773:Zeilinger
5593:Novoselov
5561:Kobayashi
5485:Abrikosov
5332:J. Taylor
5312:de Gennes
5304:R. Taylor
5196:K. Wilson
5144:R. Wilson
5128:Van Vleck
5099:1976–2000
5089:Rainwater
5085:Mottelson
5061:Josephson
5009:Gell-Mann
4973:Schwinger
4961:Prokhorov
4921:Mössbauer
4881:Cherenkov
4873:T. D. Lee
4797:Cockcroft
4788:1951–1975
4587:C. Wilson
4566:1926–1950
4512:Guillaume
4401:Michelson
4361:Becquerel
4332:1901–1925
4321:Laureates
4142:(Belgium)
4054:Chemistry
4047:laureates
3981:laureate
3820:0261-3077
3533:0261-3077
3354:The Times
3300:8 October
3032:8 October
2856:2 October
2564:Hagen, C.
2516:Brout, R.
2468:Higgs, P.
2295:119698340
2275:Resonance
2168:8 October
1552:731205676
1508:0365-110X
1469:0031-9007
1430:0029-6341
1391:0031-9007
1352:0031-899X
1313:0305-4470
1193:Jerusalem
903:Edinburgh
838:from the
830:from the
705:from the
648:Highlands
598:from the
444:HonFInstP
412:Signature
110:Edinburgh
93:, England
53:HonFInstP
6771:Ian Ward
6576:elected
6276:Medicine
5781:Agostini
5669:Thouless
5661:McDonald
5649:Nakamura
5617:Wineland
5549:Grünberg
5505:Politzer
5489:Ginzburg
5477:Giacconi
5457:Ketterle
5412:'t Hooft
5396:Laughlin
5388:Phillips
5368:Osheroff
5296:Friedman
5268:Schwartz
5264:Lederman
5184:Schawlow
5160:Weinberg
4969:Tomonaga
4861:Brattain
4853:Shockley
4762:Blackett
4754:Appleton
4746:Bridgman
4693:Lawrence
4673:Davisson
4653:Chadwick
4536:Millikan
4520:Einstein
4409:Lippmann
4377:Rayleigh
4369:M. Curie
4365:P. Curie
4100:(Canada)
3916:Archived
3824:Archived
3791:10 April
3785:Archived
3749:Archived
3718:Archived
3692:Archived
3668:Archived
3639:21 March
3633:Archived
3602:Archived
3537:Archived
3504:Archived
3449:10 April
3443:Archived
3417:Archived
3397:28 April
3391:Archived
3364:28 April
3358:Archived
3333:28 April
3327:Archived
3294:Archived
3208:Archived
3174:Archived
3170:BBC News
3143:Archived
3113:Archived
3109:BBC News
3063:20 April
3057:Archived
3023:Archived
2994:Archived
2968:Archived
2938:Archived
2912:Archived
2887:15 April
2881:Archived
2850:Archived
2846:BBC News
2820:Archived
2707:Archived
2703:BBC News
2677:Archived
2616:Archived
2570:(1964).
2518:(1964).
2470:(1964).
2413:Archived
2383:Archived
2379:BBC News
2355:Archived
2332:Archived
2312:Archived
2253:Archived
2199:Archived
2162:Archived
2126:Archived
2101:Archived
2076:Archived
2051:Archived
2027:Archived
1998:Archived
1953:Archived
1933:Archived
1908:Archived
1884:Archived
1859:Archived
1826:Archived
1792:Archived
1767:Archived
1733:Archived
1701:Archived
1671:Archived
1636:Archived
1608:Archived
1564:Archived
1246:—
1139:and the
726:New Town
190:Children
6821:Foreign
6585:Fellows
6578:in 1983
6572:of the
6570:Fellows
6282:Physics
5769:Clauser
5733:Penrose
5717:Peebles
5673:Haldane
5641:Akasaki
5629:Englert
5621:Haroche
5605:Schmidt
5565:Maskawa
5517:Glauber
5509:Wilczek
5493:Leggett
5473:Koshiba
5453:Cornell
5444:present
5428:Kroemer
5424:Alferov
5416:Veltman
5400:Störmer
5320:Charpak
5300:Kendall
5284:Dehmelt
5252:Bednorz
5152:Glashow
5140:Penzias
5136:Kapitsa
5108:Richter
5081:A. Bohr
5057:Giaever
5037:Bardeen
5001:Alvarez
4985:Kastler
4977:Feynman
4857:Bardeen
4821:Zernike
4813:Purcell
4583:Compton
4528:N. Bohr
4417:Marconi
4349:Lorentz
4341:Röntgen
4323:of the
4132:Physics
3960:Awards
3830:9 April
3543:9 April
3415:. BBC.
3119:20 June
3089:3 April
2918:9 April
2713:22 July
2647:Bibcode
2584:Bibcode
2532:Bibcode
2484:Bibcode
2442:Bibcode
2389:20 June
2263:, 2007.
2132:9 April
2082:9 April
1914:20 June
1865:5 March
1677:9 April
1642:9 April
1590:at the
1488:Bibcode
1449:Bibcode
1410:Bibcode
1371:Bibcode
1332:Bibcode
1293:Bibcode
1208:atheist
925:Bristol
626:at the
565:Bristol
561:Bedford
549:Elswick
516:at the
385:Website
184:
172:
168:
7430:, and
7414:2024:
7408:, and
7400:2023:
7394:, and
7382:2022:
7376:, and
7352:2021:
7346:, and
7334:2020:
7324:2019:
7318:2018:
7299:2017:
7293:2016:
7283:2015:
7254:, and
7246:2014:
7240:, and
7232:2013:
7222:2012:
7216:, and
7208:2011:
7202:, and
7194:2010:
7184:2009:
7178:, and
7162:2008:
7152:2007:
7146:2006:
7140:2005:
7134:, and
7118:2004:
7112:2003:
7106:, and
7094:2002:
7088:, and
7072:2001:
7062:2000:
7052:1999:
7042:1998:
7035:1997:
7029:1996:
7018:1995:
7012:1994:
7006:1993:
7000:1992:
6994:1991:
6984:1990:
6978:1989:
6968:1988:
6958:1987:
6952:1986:
6942:1985:
6936:1984:
6930:1983:
6924:1982:
6918:1981:
6851:
6845:
6839:
6833:
6827:
6528:(2024)
6520:(2023)
6512:(2022)
6504:(2021)
6496:(2020)
6488:(2019)
6480:(2018)
6472:(2017)
6464:(2016)
6456:(2015)
6448:(2014)
6440:(2013)
6432:(2012)
6424:(2011)
6416:(2010)
6404:(2009)
6396:(2008)
6388:(2007)
6380:(2006)
6372:(2005)
6364:(2004)
6356:(2003)
6348:(2002)
6340:(2001)
6244:(2024)
6238:(2022)
6224:(2021)
6218:(2020)
6193:(2018)
6183:(2017)
6173:(2016)
6167:(2015)
6157:(2013)
6147:(2012)
6141:(2011)
6127:(2010)
6092:(2005)
6086:(2004)
6062:(2000)
6041:(1999)
6035:(1998)
6009:(1993)
6003:(1992)
5997:(1991)
5987:(1990)
5966:(1988)
5956:(1987)
5942:(1986)
5908:(1982)
5898:(1981)
5884:(1980)
5859:(1979)
5849:(1978)
5785:Krausz
5779:2023:
5765:Aspect
5763:2022:
5757:Manabe
5749:Parisi
5747:2021:
5737:Genzel
5731:2020:
5725:Queloz
5715:2019:
5705:Mourou
5701:Ashkin
5699:2018:
5693:Thorne
5689:Barish
5683:2017:
5667:2016:
5657:Kajita
5655:2015:
5639:2014:
5627:2013:
5615:2012:
5599:2011:
5587:2010:
5571:2009:
5555:2008:
5543:2007:
5533:Mather
5531:2006:
5525:Hänsch
5515:2005:
5499:2004:
5483:2003:
5467:2002:
5461:Wieman
5451:2001:
5422:2000:
5410:1999:
5394:1998:
5378:1997:
5364:D. Lee
5362:1996:
5356:Reines
5350:1995:
5338:1994:
5326:1993:
5318:1992:
5310:1991:
5294:1990:
5280:Ramsey
5278:1989:
5262:1988:
5256:Müller
5250:1987:
5244:Rohrer
5240:Binnig
5234:1986:
5226:1985:
5216:Rubbia
5214:1984:
5208:Fowler
5202:1983:
5194:1982:
5178:1981:
5168:Cronin
5166:1980:
5150:1979:
5134:1978:
5118:1977:
5106:1976:
5079:1975:
5073:Hewish
5067:1974:
5051:1973:
5041:Cooper
5035:1972:
5027:1971:
5017:Alfvén
5015:1970:
5007:1969:
4999:1968:
4991:1967:
4983:1966:
4967:1965:
4953:Townes
4951:1964:
4945:Jensen
4937:Wigner
4935:1963:
4929:Landau
4927:1962:
4915:1961:
4909:Glaser
4907:1960:
4895:1959:
4879:1958:
4867:1957:
4851:1956:
4839:1955:
4827:1954:
4819:1953:
4807:1952:
4801:Walton
4795:1951:
4778:Powell
4776:1950:
4770:Yukawa
4768:1949:
4760:1948:
4752:1947:
4744:1946:
4736:1945:
4728:1944:
4720:1943:
4691:1939:
4683:1938:
4671:1937:
4659:1936:
4651:1935:
4632:1933:
4624:1932:
4609:1930:
4601:1929:
4593:1928:
4581:1927:
4575:Perrin
4573:1926:
4552:Franck
4550:1925:
4542:1924:
4534:1923:
4526:1922:
4518:1921:
4510:1920:
4502:1919:
4496:Planck
4494:1918:
4488:Barkla
4486:1917:
4467:1915:
4459:1914:
4451:1913:
4443:1912:
4435:1911:
4427:1910:
4415:1909:
4407:1908:
4399:1907:
4391:1906:
4385:Lenard
4383:1905:
4375:1904:
4359:1903:
4353:Zeeman
4347:1902:
4339:1901:
3986:With:
3857:
3818:
3724:26 May
3674:10 May
3608:16 May
3577:16 May
3531:
3472:
3214:12 May
3180:12 May
3149:12 May
3000:6 July
2974:6 July
2826:3 July
2800:3 July
2765:3 July
2739:3 July
2683:6 July
2622:5 July
2293:
2205:3 July
2057:. BBC.
1558:
1550:
1506:
1467:
1428:
1389:
1350:
1311:
1224:Qur'an
1222:, the
812:Geneva
652:Reader
634:, and
573:alumni
455:, and
400:/higgs
333:(1954)
331:
322:Thesis
282:Fields
267:(2015)
261:(2013)
255:(2013)
249:(2010)
243:(2009)
237:(2004)
231:(2000)
225:(1997)
219:(1997)
213:(1984)
207:(1981)
198:Awards
160:Spouse
6201:2020s
6110:2010s
6049:2000s
5974:1990s
5867:1980s
5840:1970s
5721:Mayor
5685:Weiss
5645:Amano
5633:Higgs
5609:Riess
5581:Smith
5577:Boyle
5557:Nambu
5537:Smoot
5501:Gross
5469:Davis
5442:2001–
5432:Kilby
5344:Shull
5328:Hulse
5236:Ruska
5172:Fitch
5156:Salam
5053:Esaki
5029:Gabor
4993:Bethe
4957:Basov
4897:Segrè
4885:Frank
4845:Kusch
4833:Bothe
4809:Bloch
4738:Pauli
4722:Stern
4685:Fermi
4638:Dirac
4611:Raman
4556:Hertz
4504:Stark
4445:Dalén
4421:Braun
4254:2013
4109:Peace
4043:2013
3026:(PDF)
3019:(PDF)
2291:S2CID
1556:EThOS
1220:Torah
800:ATLAS
442:
438:
434:
174:(
170:
51:
47:
43:
7328:and
7313:LIGO
7287:and
7226:and
7188:and
7156:and
7066:and
7056:and
7046:and
7022:and
6988:and
6972:and
6962:and
6946:and
6412:and
6261:Arts
5741:Ghez
5589:Geim
5545:Fert
5521:Hall
5404:Tsui
5352:Perl
5288:Paul
5124:Mott
5112:Ting
5069:Ryle
5021:Néel
4889:Tamm
4841:Lamb
4829:Born
4730:Rabi
4714:1942
4707:1941
4700:1940
4661:Hess
4645:1934
4618:1931
4480:1916
4461:Laue
4437:Wien
4279:2018
4274:2017
4269:2016
4264:2015
4259:2014
4249:2012
4244:2011
4239:2010
4234:2009
4229:2008
4113:2013
4089:2013
3855:ISBN
3832:2024
3816:ISSN
3793:2024
3757:2016
3726:2022
3676:2019
3641:2013
3610:2011
3579:2011
3545:2024
3529:ISSN
3470:ISBN
3451:2024
3425:2018
3399:2011
3366:2011
3335:2011
3302:2016
3216:2014
3182:2014
3151:2014
3121:2018
3091:2018
3065:2015
3034:2013
3002:2012
2976:2012
2946:2018
2920:2024
2889:2024
2858:2023
2828:2012
2802:2012
2767:2012
2741:2012
2715:2015
2685:2012
2624:2012
2391:2018
2237:2011
2207:2012
2170:2013
2134:2024
2084:2024
1916:2018
1867:2020
1834:2022
1775:2014
1740:Edit
1709:2020
1679:2024
1644:2024
1572:2017
1548:OCLC
1504:ISSN
1465:ISSN
1426:ISSN
1387:ISSN
1348:ISSN
1309:ISSN
1240:Cern
1226:and
1187:and
1122:2016
1118:ScD
1115:2015
1111:DSc
1108:2015
1104:DSc
1097:DSc
1094:2014
1090:DSc
1087:2013
1083:DSc
1080:2013
1076:DSc
1073:2013
1069:PhD
1066:2012
1062:DSc
1059:2012
1055:ScD
1052:2010
1048:DSc
1045:2009
1041:DSc
1038:2008
1034:DSc
1031:2002
1027:DSc
1024:1998
1020:DSc
1017:1997
1013:DSc
802:and
776:and
768:and
764:and
737:CERN
696:The
687:mass
606:and
510:CERN
440:FRSE
180:div.
99:Died
73:Born
49:FRSE
5573:Kao
5380:Chu
3495:",
2655:doi
2643:130
2592:doi
2540:doi
2492:doi
2450:doi
2283:doi
1496:doi
1457:doi
1418:doi
1379:doi
1340:doi
1328:145
1301:doi
912:by
808:GeV
721:).
524:of
492:of
484:in
478:PRL
436:FRS
398:.uk
396:.ac
394:.ed
392:.ph
390:www
45:FRS
7453::
7426:,
7422:,
7418:,
7404:,
7390:,
7386:,
7372:,
7368:,
7364:,
7360:,
7356:,
7342:,
7338:,
7307:,
7303:,
7250:,
7236:,
7212:,
7198:,
7174:,
7170:,
7166:,
7130:,
7126:,
7122:,
7102:,
7098:,
7084:,
7080:,
7076:,
6234:/
6230:/
6214:/
6210:/
6189:/
6179:/
6163:/
6153:/
6137:/
6133:/
6123:/
6119:/
6098:/
6082:/
6078:/
6068:/
6058:/
6031:/
6015:/
5993:/
5983:/
5962:/
5952:/
5948:/
5938:/
5928:/
5918:/
5914:/
5904:/
5894:/
5890:/
5880:/
5876:/
5855:/
5787:/
5783:/
5771:/
5767:/
5755:/
5751:/
5739:/
5735:/
5723:/
5719:/
5707:/
5703:/
5691:/
5687:/
5675:/
5671:/
5659:/
5647:/
5643:/
5631:/
5619:/
5607:/
5603:/
5591:/
5579:/
5575:/
5563:/
5559:/
5547:/
5535:/
5523:/
5519:/
5507:/
5503:/
5491:/
5487:/
5475:/
5471:/
5459:/
5455:/
5430:/
5426:/
5414:/
5402:/
5398:/
5386:/
5382:/
5370:/
5366:/
5354:/
5342:/
5330:/
5302:/
5298:/
5286:/
5282:/
5270:/
5266:/
5254:/
5242:/
5238:/
5218:/
5206:/
5186:/
5182:/
5170:/
5158:/
5154:/
5142:/
5138:/
5126:/
5122:/
5110:/
5087:/
5083:/
5071:/
5059:/
5055:/
5043:/
5039:/
5019:/
4975:/
4971:/
4959:/
4955:/
4943:/
4939:/
4919:/
4899:/
4887:/
4883:/
4871:/
4859:/
4855:/
4843:/
4831:/
4811:/
4799:/
4675:/
4663:/
4636:/
4585:/
4554:/
4471:/
4419:/
4367:/
4363:/
4351:/
3822:.
3814:.
3810:.
3783:.
3777:.
3743:.
3716:.
3712:.
3662:.
3643:.
3627:.
3596:.
3565:.
3553:^
3535:.
3527:.
3523:.
3484:^
3441:.
3389:.
3385:.
3352:.
3325:.
3321:.
3310:^
3292:.
3286:.
3247:^
3233:.
3206:.
3202:.
3190:^
3172:.
3168:.
3137:.
3107:.
3055:.
3051:.
2962:.
2910:.
2906:.
2879:.
2875:.
2844:.
2786:.
2775:^
2701:.
2653:.
2641:.
2590:.
2580:13
2578:.
2574:.
2566:;
2562:;
2538:.
2528:13
2526:.
2522:.
2514:;
2490:.
2480:13
2478:.
2474:.
2448:.
2438:12
2436:.
2399:^
2377:.
2289:.
2279:17
2277:.
2259:,
2223:.
2160:.
2124:.
2120:.
2074:.
2070:.
2033:,
2009:^
1982:^
1895:^
1857:.
1851:.
1824:.
1818:.
1798:,
1765:.
1759:.
1717:^
1699:.
1695:.
1669:.
1663:.
1646:.
1634:.
1628:.
1580:^
1562:.
1554:.
1542:.
1524:^
1502:.
1494:.
1482:.
1463:.
1455:.
1443:.
1424:.
1416:.
1406:11
1404:.
1385:.
1377:.
1367:13
1365:.
1346:.
1338:.
1326:.
1307:.
1299:.
1289:12
1287:.
994:CH
990:.
987:CH
916:,
905:.
772:,
662:.
583:.
575:,
463:.
432:CH
176:m.
41:CH
6887:e
6880:t
6873:v
6562:e
6555:t
6548:v
6317:e
6310:t
6303:v
5824:e
5817:t
5810:v
4313:e
4306:t
4299:v
4115:)
4111:(
4091:)
4087:(
4036:e
4029:t
4022:v
3863:.
3834:.
3795:.
3759:.
3728:.
3678:.
3612:.
3581:.
3547:.
3491:"
3478:.
3453:.
3427:.
3401:.
3368:.
3337:.
3304:.
3218:.
3184:.
3153:.
3123:.
3093:.
3067:.
3036:.
3004:.
2978:.
2948:.
2922:.
2891:.
2860:.
2830:.
2804:.
2769:.
2743:.
2717:.
2687:.
2661:.
2657::
2649::
2626:.
2600:.
2594::
2586::
2548:.
2542::
2534::
2500:.
2494::
2486::
2456:.
2452::
2444::
2393:.
2297:.
2285::
2239:.
2209:.
2172:.
2136:.
2086:.
1918:.
1869:.
1836:.
1777:.
1711:.
1681:.
1574:.
1510:.
1498::
1490::
1484:6
1471:.
1459::
1451::
1445:1
1432:.
1420::
1412::
1393:.
1381::
1373::
1354:.
1342::
1334::
1315:.
1303::
1295::
476:(
193:2
85:)
81:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
