1189:
1756:
1173:
825:
771:
744:
69:
1667:
2212:
1682:
660:
80:
145:
717:
2093:
6041:
798:
2062:
1872:
98:
5818:
169:
955:
1652:
2293:
940:
1341:
879:
852:
1515:
1208:
1697:
690:
2643:
higher proportion of non-Europeans, as well as a higher proportion of immigrants with an advanced level of education, than the rest of France. The population of immigrants is more widely distributed throughout the region than it was in the early 2000s, but the concentrations remain high in certain areas, particularly Paris and the department of Seine-Saint-Denis. The proportion of residents born outside of
Metropolitan France rose between the 1999 (19.7%) and 2019 censuses (24.9%).
2144:
1154:
2598:
2564:
2581:
1530:
2378:
967:
87:
3149:
2445:
1107:, the royal provinces were abolished and divided into departments, and the city and region were governed directly by the national government. After World War II, as Paris faced a major housing shortage, hundreds of massive apartment blocks for low-income residents were built around the edges of Paris. In the 1950s and the 1960s, thousands of immigrants settled in the communes bordering the city. In 1959, under President
2513:
2246:
2479:
2361:
2263:
2029:
2077:
4068:
4050:
2428:
2344:
2195:
2161:
2046:
2012:
1995:
2530:
2411:
2110:
3137:
2310:
2462:
2127:
2547:
2496:
2327:
1978:
4093:
1496:
4032:
2394:
2229:
2178:
598:. Although it is the richest French region, a significant number of residents live in poverty. The official poverty rate in the Île-de-France was 15.9% in 2015. The region has witnessed increasing income inequality in recent decades, and rising housing prices have pushed the less affluent outside Paris.
1632:
The Île-de-France is one of the world's top tourist destinations, with a record 23.6 million hotel arrivals in 2017, and an estimated 50 million visitors in all types of accommodation. The largest number of visitors came from the United States, followed by
England, Germany and China. The top tourist
3098:
An immigrant is by French definition a person born in a foreign country and who did not have French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still listed as an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with
2642:
In 2013, roughly 2,206,000 residents of the Île-de-France were immigrants, born outside of France. This amounted to 18.5% of the population of the region, twice the national average. Four out of ten immigrants living in France reside in the region. The immigrant population of the Île-de-France has a
1327:
does not cross the region but receives water from several rivers in the Île-de-France, including the
Drouette and the Vesgre. The major rivers are navigable, and, because of the modest variations of altitude in the region (between 10 metres (33 ft) and 200 metres (660 ft)), they have a
1363:
The regional economy has gradually shifted toward high-value-added service industries (finance, IT services, etc.) and high-tech manufacturing (electronics, optics, aerospace, etc.). In 2014, industry represented just under five percent of active enterprises in the region, and 10.2 percent of
1623:
In 2018, 48 percent of the land of the Île-de-France was devoted to agriculture; 569,000 hectares were cultivated. The most important crops are grains (66 percent), followed by beets (7 percent), largely for industrial use, and grass for grazing. In 2014, 9,495 hectares were devoted to
1100:. From the time of Louis XIV to the French Revolution, Versailles was the official residence of the Kings and the seat of the French government. Île-de-France became the term used for the territory of Paris and the surrounding province, which was administered directly by the King.
1552:
In 2018 just 7.2 percent of employees in the region were engaged in industry; 62.3 percent were engaged in commerce and market services; 25.5 percent in non-market services, including government, health and education; 4.8 percent in construction; and 0.2 percent in agriculture.
494:
1897:
As of 2015 according to the official government statistics agency INSEE, 15.9 percent of residents of the region had an income below the poverty level; for residents of the city of Paris, this proportion was 16.2 percent. Poverty was highest in the departments of
4226:
270:
579:. It was created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961. In 1976, when its status was aligned with the French administrative regions created in 1972, it was renamed after the historic province of Île-de-France. Residents are sometimes referred to as
4575:
1884:
As of 1 January 2017, the population density of the region was 1010.9 inhabitants per square kilometer. The densest department is Paris itself, with 21,066 inhabitants per square kilometer. The least dense département is
1000:; the meeting place of land and water trade routes gradually became an important trading centre. The Parisii traded with many river towns (some as far away as the Iberian Peninsula) and minted their own coins for that purpose.
4821:
4492:
4222:
1188:
4954:
4568:
583:, an administrative word created in the 1980s. The GDP of the region in 2019 was nearly one-third of the French, and 5% of the European Union's. It has the highest per capita GDP of any French region.
4675:
4640:
4340:
1584:(18,136). While the Petite Couronne, or departments closest to Paris, previously employed the most industrial workers, the largest number is now in the Grande Couronne, the outer departments.
1304:
The outer parts of the Île-de-France remain largely rural. Agricultural land, forest and natural spaces occupy 78.9 percent of the region, and 28 percent of the region's land is in urban use.
1237:
centred on its innermost department and capital, Paris. Around the department and municipality of Paris, urbanisation fills a first concentric ring of three departments commonly known as the
4932:
1438:, do much of their assembly work outside of France but still have research centre and large plants in the region. The leading French and European aerospace and defense companies, including
6321:
6316:
5763:
5330:
4266:
5190:
4762:
1027:". The legend further states that Denis walked headless from this hill to the north of the city. The place that he finally fell and was buried became an important religious shrine, the
5806:
4818:
1775:, narrowly won the regional election, defeating the Union of the Left, a coalition of socialists and ecologists. The socialists had governed the region for the preceding 17 years.
1328:
tendency to meander and curve. They also create many lakes and ponds, some of which have been transformed into recreation areas, including
Moisson-Mousseaux, Cergy-Neuville and
540:). Île-de-France is densely populated and retains a prime economic position on the national stage, but it covers only 12,012 square kilometres (4,638 square miles), about 2% of
2639:
in the
Americas, who are not legally immigrants), and 0.1% in Oceania (not counting those born in the French territories of the South Pacific, who are not legally immigrants).
1514:
1172:
5784:
5768:
4899:
2623:, and 23.1% were born in foreign countries. A quarter of the immigrants living in the Île-de-France were born in Europe (38% of whom in Portugal), 29% were born in the
1681:
1666:
4550:
1587:
The unemployment rate in the region stood at 8.6% at the end of 2016. It varied within the region from 7.8 percent in the city of Paris, to a high of 12.7 percent in
1207:
1019:, the first Bishop of Paris. According to legend, when Denis refused to renounce his faith before Roman authorities, he was beheaded on the hill that became known as
4554:
954:
4286:
939:
6346:
4788:
4707:
4011:
4870:
4146:(in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques. 19 December 2022. Populations légales des régions en vigueur au 1er janvier 2023.
1755:
1624:
bio-agriculture. However, the number of persons employed in agriculture in the region dropped 33 percent between 2000 and 2015 to just 8,460 persons in 2015.
1364:
salaried workers. Commerce and services account for 84 percent of the business establishments in the region, and have 83.3 percent of the salaried employees.
3357:
1651:
4668:
4633:
6267:
5520:
1092:
The Kings of France enjoyed getting away from Paris and hunting in the game-filled forests of the region. They built palatial hunting lodges, most notably
5130:
5103:
5046:
4194:
5799:
4330:
2636:
612:
Although the modern name Île-de-France literally means Island of France, its etymology is unclear. The "island" may refer to the land between the rivers
6356:
3322:
1153:
6336:
6040:
4924:
3392:
144:
4255:
1383:, all have their headquarters in the region. The region also hosts the headquarters of the top French telecom companies and utilities, including
5186:
6401:
406:
4758:
6396:
5792:
5454:
5433:
5410:
5391:
4106:
6206:
5278:
5076:
5016:
4147:
1529:
1403:, occupies a historical building in the center of Paris and is ranked fourth among global stock markets, after New York, Tokyo and London.
1292:. Politically, the region is divided into 8 departments, 25 arrondissements, 155 cantons and 1,276 communes, out of the total of 35,416 in
6331:
1746:
1367:
Financial services and insurance are important sectors of the regional economy; the major French banks and insurance companies, including
6341:
6326:
4518:
4736:
4303:
6391:
6371:
68:
5383:
Iron Age communities in
Britain : an account of England, Scotland and Wales from the seventh century BC until the Roman conquest
4608:
6411:
5598:
5473:
4371:
1696:
966:
31:
4984:
6406:
6366:
5634:
5608:
5588:
5557:
2211:
5513:
1935:
1053:, but Paris's strategic importance—with its bridges preventing ships from passing—was established by successful defence in the
5753:
4892:
3207:
1348:, the largest purpose-built business district of Europe, with 3.35 million m² (36 million sq. ft) of office space.
1111:, a new region was created out of six departments, which corresponded approximately with the historic region, with the name
1778:
Since 2016 the regional council has 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the
1311:
flows through the middle of the region, which is crisscrossed by its tributaries and sub-tributaries, including the Rivers
5758:
5248:
2233:
1799:
1119:, the district was reconstituted with increased administrative and political powers and renamed the Île-de-France region.
996:, from around the middle of the 3rd-century BC. One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the
1767:, at 2 rue Simone-Veil. On 15 December 2015, a list of candidates of the Union of the Right, a coalition of centrist and
6421:
4517:
Paris
Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Contribution des CCI de Paris - Île-de-France à la révision du SDRIF, page 110.
4283:
3203:
1750:
659:
388:
4784:
4700:
1569:
1536:
1372:
1054:
79:
6361:
4866:
2568:
2348:
2165:
5940:
5920:
3222:
1577:
1478:
1415:
1392:
1041:, made the city his capital in 508. As the Frankish domination of Gaul began, there was a gradual immigration by the
978:
607:
2635:), 3% were born in Turkey and 15% in the rest of Asia, 5% were born in the Americas (not counting those born in the
6376:
6311:
5552:
5506:
5334:
2297:
2216:
2097:
1495:
1136:
128:
5300:
3478:(Large Crown, i.e. outer ring) includes the outer four departments of Île-de-France not bordering Paris. They are
6416:
6386:
6351:
6306:
5773:
2449:
2432:
4169:
6381:
5126:
5099:
5042:
4335:
4190:
3157:
1871:
1850:
1329:
279:
6211:
1340:
586:
Beyond the city limits of Paris, the region has many other important historic sites, including the palaces of
4387:
5547:
1730:
1726:
1718:
1642:
1451:
1160:
1093:
1078:
1028:
591:
168:
97:
2061:
5221:
4669:"Key Figures 2018: Employment statistics from Government of the Ile-de-France, retrieved December 1, 2018"
2267:
1839:
1828:
1821:
1469:
The energy sector is also well established in the region. The nuclear power industry, with its major firm
1353:
1116:
519:, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 residents on 1 January 2023. Centred on the capital
1926:(12.4 percent). The department of Hauts-de-Seine is the wealthiest in France in terms of per capita GDP.
1857:
1772:
275:
6196:
6065:
3171:
2292:
2250:
1455:
1234:
632:
548:
367:
198:
186:
4830:
5160:
4985:"IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2019 - Région d'Île-de-France (11)"
6231:
6216:
5955:
5895:
5654:
3499:
3199:
2551:
2517:
2483:
2365:
2033:
1764:
1714:
1672:
1657:
1097:
1050:
1016:
997:
625:
587:
377:
124:
5187:"Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par département, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Année 2011"
5127:"IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2008 Région d'Île-de-France (11)"
5043:"IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2019 Région d'Île-de-France (11)"
6020:
5970:
5950:
5865:
5822:
5562:
5100:"IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2013 Région d'Île-de-France (11"
4036:
2664:
2616:
2585:
2199:
2050:
2016:
1999:
1982:
1768:
1638:
1293:
1140:
1038:
541:
5674:
6201:
6060:
5840:
5679:
5593:
3251:
3179:
2534:
2500:
2314:
2182:
2148:
1779:
1246:
1233:Île-de-France has a land area of 12,011 km (4,637 sq mi). It is composed of eight
1217:
1070:
5270:
5072:
5012:
4958:
4139:
4111:
1378:
5890:
5826:
5817:
5644:
5529:
5469:
5450:
5429:
5406:
5387:
4544:
4367:
3331:
3187:
2466:
2398:
2131:
1899:
1734:
1588:
1447:
1357:
1265:
1213:
1108:
1104:
946:
749:
560:
516:
241:
53:
4525:
6253:
6030:
5965:
5709:
5689:
5649:
5603:
4732:
4493:"Territoire et population | La préfecture et les services de l'État en région Île-de-France"
1846:
1687:
1634:
1034:
636:
595:
440:
1011:. It became a prosperous city with a forum, baths, temples, theatres, and an amphitheatre.
6246:
5910:
5578:
5225:
5013:"Individus localisés à la région en 2019 - Recensement de la population - Fichiers détail"
4959:"Individus localisés à la région en 2019 - Recensement de la population - Fichiers détail"
4825:
4600:
4290:
2675:
2620:
2415:
2331:
2114:
1795:
1722:
1706:
1556:
The largest non-government employers in the region as of the end of 2015 were the airline
1427:
1396:
1128:
536:
487:
334:
86:
4851:
Annual Report of the
Regional Committee on Tourism of the Ile-de-France Region, cited in
1221:
120:
2377:
6221:
5935:
5915:
5850:
5699:
5694:
5669:
3479:
3296:
3183:
3130:
2632:
2597:
2563:
1923:
1915:
1886:
1608:
1600:
1521:
1459:
1400:
1277:
1261:
1164:
1086:
1062:
985:
830:
722:
564:
556:
235:
217:
4331:"En quinze ans, Paris s'est enrichi, mais sa région s'est appauvrie, révèle une étude"
6300:
5975:
5875:
5717:
4098:
4022:
3495:
3491:
3225:
is an administrative structure that comprises Paris and the three departments of the
2580:
1903:
1835:
1817:
1592:
1540:
1506:
1486:
1345:
1312:
1289:
1241:("small ring"); it extends into a second outer ring of four departments known as the
1199:
803:
617:
572:
253:
116:
3148:
5498:
3366:
3236:
The table below shows some statistical information about the area including Paris:
3191:
1907:
1612:
1477:, the top French company in the Fortune Global 500, and the main electric utility,
1443:
1324:
1316:
1269:
1012:
1004:
776:
613:
568:
247:
6085:
5990:
2076:
5444:
5422:
5381:
5362:
6140:
6135:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6090:
5905:
5880:
3084:
2628:
2143:
1565:
1463:
1384:
1368:
1008:
640:
5240:
17:
6175:
6015:
5737:
5727:
5722:
5241:"Population légale de l'Île-de-France12 174 880 habitants au 1er janvier 2017"
4115:
4088:
3215:
3136:
3129:"Petite Couronne" redirects here. For the municipality in Upper Normandy, see
3099:
foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.
2615:
At the 2019 census, 75.1% of the inhabitants of Île-de-France were natives of
2444:
2381:
2080:
2065:
1702:
1573:
1557:
1502:
1474:
1431:
1419:
1089:
kings, Paris gradually became the largest and most prosperous city in France.
1058:
1024:
523:, it is located in the north-central part of the country and often called the
384:
363:
6282:
6269:
1798:(civil servant) – Very influential term. Responsible for the creation of the
1473:, has its headquarters in Île-de-France, as does the main French oil company
6226:
6100:
6095:
5980:
5945:
5845:
5629:
5573:
2512:
2245:
1759:
Seat of the regional council of Île-de-France in Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine (2021)
1195:
1132:
644:
358:
1763:
The
Regional Council is the legislative body of the region. Its seat is in
1115:("District of the Paris Region"). On 6 May 1976, as part of the process of
6180:
6165:
6155:
6145:
6025:
6010:
5985:
5960:
5885:
5870:
5664:
5659:
5639:
4733:"INSEE report, Unemployment in Ile-de-France, by department, end of 2016"
4701:"Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ile-de-France, retrieved 12-2-2018)"
4388:"Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions"
3483:
3211:
2478:
2360:
2262:
2028:
1911:
1596:
1281:
1144:
1046:
884:
576:
396:
223:
149:
1049:
dialects were born. Fortification of the Île de la Cité failed to avert
6130:
6070:
6055:
6000:
5930:
5925:
5900:
5732:
5684:
5568:
5308:
4067:
4054:
4049:
3856:
3692:
3528:
3487:
2624:
2461:
2427:
2343:
2194:
2160:
2045:
2011:
1994:
1919:
1604:
1581:
1423:
1285:
993:
857:
552:
471:
329:
229:
132:
4601:"Top 100 des usines dans la region Île-de-France - Industrie Explorer"
1713:
Notable historic monuments in the Region outside of Paris include the
1406:
Other major sectors of the regional economy include energy companies (
6150:
6105:
6075:
6005:
5995:
5855:
5624:
5533:
2546:
2529:
2495:
2410:
2326:
2109:
1977:
1439:
1435:
1388:
1042:
648:
179:
2650:(at the 1968, 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999, 2008, 2013, and 2019 censuses)
6241:
6236:
6170:
6160:
6110:
6080:
5860:
5182:
4980:
4928:
4223:"Ile-de-France - Portrait of the Region - Key figures (in French)"
4072:
4031:
3286:
3259:
3147:
3135:
2393:
2309:
2228:
2177:
2092:
1870:
1482:
1470:
1411:
1407:
1339:
1308:
1179:
1007:
conquered the area in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris's
695:
658:
621:
544:. Its 2017 population was nearly one-fifth of the national total.
520:
211:
191:
112:
5073:"Données harmonisées des recensements de la population 1968-2018"
4925:"Level of poverty according to age and fiscal reference in 2015"
4569:"L'Industrie en Île-de-France, Principaux Indicateurs Régionaux"
4308:
3170:(literally "Little Crown" or inner ring) is formed by the three
2126:
1637:, which received 14.8 million visitors in 2017, followed by the
1561:
1520:
The historic Bourse de Paris, or Paris stock market, now called
1320:
990:
30:
This article is about the region in France. For other uses, see
5788:
5502:
5214:
5125:
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
5098:
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
5071:
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
5041:
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
5011:
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
3178:
around it. These departments, until 1968 part of the disbanded
1249:, abolished in 1968, included the city proper and parts of the
960:
The modern départements covered by the historical Île-de-France
4191:"Region Ile-de-France - The Essentials in English (June 2018)"
446:
5490:
4263:
Paris Île-de-France
Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry
1344:
Paris as an engine of the global economy: the skyscrapers of
4759:"Ile-de-France- une region plus agricole que on ne le croit"
4634:"Key figures on economy of Ile-de-France (2018) (in French)"
4475:
4473:
3851:
3687:
3523:
628:, where the French royal palace and cathedral were located.
594:, as well as the most-visited tourist attraction in France,
420:
5152:
4404:
457:
4256:"Paris Region Facts & Figures 2022 (Version anglaise)"
4118:
franchise based on Île-de-France and surrounding provinces
5307:. Technology Management Center of Yerevan. Archived from
4819:
Vers une fréquentation touristique record à Paris en 2017
4193:. Région Île-de-France. 2018. idf_essential_2018.pdf p3.
3498:
department until this was disbanded in 1968. The city of
4304:"OECD Atlas: Gross Domestic Product per capita, in USD"
1802:
express subway network in the Île-de-France and beyond.
1791:
Delegates General for the District of the Paris Region
643:; thus, the lands were an "island" in a sea of various
4842:
Key Figures 2017: Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau
2645:
1015:
was introduced in the middle of the 3rd century AD by
5361:
Arbois de Jubainville, Henry; Dottin, George (1889).
4809:
Key Figures: Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau Key
1733:, where the Kings of France were interred before the
1127:Île-de-France is in the north of France, neighboring
474:
465:
443:
3152:
Locator map showing the municipalities in which the
1813:
Presidents of the Regional Council of Île-de-France
1352:
Paris region (Île-de-France) produced €742 billion (
468:
454:
449:
6189:
6048:
5833:
5746:
5708:
5617:
5540:
1942:
462:
415:
405:
395:
374:
357:
349:
344:
328:
320:
312:
307:
299:
291:
286:
268:
263:
197:
185:
175:
44:
5421:
1422:). The two major French automobile manufacturers,
4785:"Tourism statistics, Paris Region tourism office"
6322:NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union
6317:NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union
4428:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4244:
3083:Persons born abroad of French parents, such as
972:Modern region of Île-de-France and départements
4012:List of twin towns and sister cities in France
945:Historic province of Île-de-France before the
624:, or it may also have been a reference to the
547:The region is made up of eight administrative
5800:
5514:
5420:Lawrence, Rachel; Gondrand, Fabienne (2010).
2627:and 22% in the rest of Africa (in particular
608:History of Île-de-France § Early history
8:
4549:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3510:
3494:(95). The last three departments formed the
2647:Place of birth of residents of Île-de-France
1949:
1645:at Montmartre (est. 11.1 million visitors).
1564:(French Railways, 31,955); the telecom firm
1376:
5466:The Ile-de-France, the country around Paris
5331:"Hanoi strengthens ties with Ile-de-France"
4364:The Ile-de-France, the country around Paris
1729:, Napoleon's former country house; and the
1485:also has its main offices in the region at
500:
5807:
5793:
5785:
5521:
5507:
5499:
5235:
5233:
5066:
5064:
5036:
5034:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4553:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3509:
3238:
2281:
1805:1969–1975: Maurice Doublet (civil servant)
666:
663:Departments of Île-de-France by GDP (2021)
41:
5428:(12th ed.). London: Insight Guides.
5271:"Populations légales des régions en 2019"
4761:. Regional Council of the Ile-de-France.
4225:. Regional Council of the Ile-de-France.
4140:"Populations légales des régions en 2020"
4134:
4132:
3115:
1889:with 239 residents per square kilometer.
631:Alternatively, the name may refer to the
4628:
4626:
4416:
3229:, plus seven additional communes in the
3174:bordering Paris, forming a geographical
3069:
3052:
3035:
3018:
3001:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2693:
1875:Île-de-France population pyramid in 2023
1808:1975–1976: Lucien Lanier (civil servant)
1754:
4663:
4661:
4479:
4464:
4452:
4440:
4405:Arbois de Jubainville & Dottin 1889
4217:
4215:
4128:
3074:
1647:
1491:
1466:, have a large presence in the region.
1149:
983:The Île-de-France was inhabited by the
935:
515:) is the most populous of the eighteen
414:
404:
394:
356:
343:
327:
306:
285:
262:
209:
184:
174:
158:
138:
59:
5281:from the original on 22 September 2022
5251:from the original on 10 September 2022
5247:(in French). INSEE. 30 December 2019.
5163:from the original on 22 September 2013
4542:
3156:is divided. Paris is divided into its
1939:
295:12,012 km (4,638 sq mi)
5305:Yerevan Municipality Official Website
5277:(in French). INSEE. 12 January 2022.
5133:from the original on 19 February 2023
5106:from the original on 19 February 2023
5049:from the original on 19 February 2023
5019:from the original on 10 February 2023
4935:from the original on 30 November 2018
4905:from the original on 29 November 2018
4873:from the original on 19 December 2015
4765:from the original on 26 November 2018
4739:from the original on 19 December 2018
4581:from the original on 23 February 2015
4107:List of European Union regions by GDP
1633:attraction in the region in 2017 was
1595:; to regional lows of 7.4 percent in
1580:(Electricité de France, 18,199); and
633:lands that were under the direct rule
535:
486:
373:
348:
319:
311:
298:
290:
267:
196:
165:
7:
5446:Lutèce: Paris, des origines à Clovis
5217:Centre Interdépartemental de Gestion
5155:Centre Interdépartemental de Gestion
5079:from the original on 4 February 2022
4867:"Results of 2015 Regional Elections"
4865:Île-de-France Region official site.
4791:from the original on 1 December 2018
4713:from the original on 3 December 2018
4681:from the original on 1 December 2018
4646:from the original on 1 December 2018
4611:from the original on 3 December 2018
4272:from the original on 1 November 2022
4197:from the original on 19 October 2021
4150:from the original on 23 January 2023
5386:(4th ed.). London: Routledge.
3087:and children of French expatriates.
1721:(500,000 visitors), the chateau of
6347:History of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
5364:Les premiers habitants de l'Europe
5333:. Voice of Vietnam. Archived from
3194:. The most populated towns of the
1023:(Latin "Hill of Martyrs"), later "
25:
5491:Regional Council of Île-de-France
5403:Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris
5193:from the original on 8 April 2016
4229:from the original on 17 June 2022
1910:(16.8 percent). It was lowest in
1827:1988–1992: Pierre-Charles Krieg (
1747:Regional Council of Île-de-France
271:President of the Regional Council
6357:History of Ardennes (department)
6039:
5816:
5153:"CIG "Petite Couronne" website (
4343:from the original on 3 June 2019
4265:. 4 April 2022. pp. 6, 12.
4091:
4066:
4048:
4030:
2596:
2579:
2562:
2545:
2528:
2511:
2494:
2477:
2460:
2443:
2426:
2409:
2392:
2376:
2359:
2342:
2325:
2308:
2291:
2261:
2244:
2227:
2210:
2193:
2176:
2159:
2142:
2125:
2108:
2091:
2075:
2060:
2044:
2027:
2010:
1993:
1976:
1741:Regional government and politics
1695:
1680:
1665:
1650:
1528:
1513:
1494:
1206:
1187:
1171:
1152:
965:
953:
938:
877:
850:
823:
796:
769:
742:
715:
688:
439:
167:
161:Interactive map of Île-de-France
143:
96:
85:
78:
67:
5215:CIG "Grande Couronne" website (
4497:www.prefectures-regions.gouv.fr
2966:from the Americas & Oceania
2869:from the Americas & Oceania
2772:from the Americas & Oceania
2602:Other countries and territories
1786:Holders of the executive office
1690:(14.8 million visitors in 2017)
1395:. The French stock market, the
1260:consists of the departments of
119:in the distance; the Viaduc of
27:Administrative region of France
6337:History of Centre-Val de Loire
4893:"Site of Ile-de-France Region"
4519:"TEM Paris – La Défense – QCA"
3105:
3093:
3078:
1675:(7.7 million visitors in 2017)
1572:(27,361); the automotive firm
1113:District de la région de Paris
32:Île-de-France (disambiguation)
1:
6402:History of Somme (department)
4170:"EU regions by GDP, Eurostat"
3457:
3444:
3439:
3425:
3412:
3407:
3391:
3378:
3373:
3356:
3343:
3338:
3321:
3308:
3303:
3284:
3271:
3266:
1660:(12 million visitors in 2017)
542:metropolitan French territory
6397:History of Seine-Saint-Denis
5468:. Cornell University Press.
4429:Lawrence & Gondrand 2010
4366:. Cornell University Press.
4207:Paris Region (Île-de-France)
4114:, a fictional region in the
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2680:
2669:
2658:
2655:
2217:Democratic Republic of Congo
1936:Immigration in Île-de-France
1725:(300,000 visitors), and the
6190:Foreign territories in 1789
6049:Minor provinces and regions
4605:industrie.usinenouvelle.com
4524:(in French). Archived from
3511:Population of Île-de-France
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
2926:from Africa (excl. Maghreb)
2829:from Africa (excl. Maghreb)
2732:from Africa (excl. Maghreb)
2637:French overseas departments
2285:Other countries/territories
1860:(Union of the Centre-Right)
324:1,022/km (2,650/sq mi)
6438:
6342:History of Hauts-de-France
6327:Former provinces of France
5609:Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
5565:(Centre Region until 2015)
5301:"Yerevan - Partner Cities"
4339:(in French). 3 June 2019.
4009:
3514:
3128:
1933:
1744:
1717:(7,700,000 visitors), the
1641:(est. 12 million) and the
1247:former department of Seine
1045:to Paris and the Parisian
976:
605:
129:UNESCO World Heritage Site
29:
6392:History of Seine-et-Marne
6372:History of Hauts-de-Seine
6037:
5759:Ranked by area/population
5224:22 September 2013 at the
3999:Census returns from INSEE
3998:
3541:—
3110:Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria
2284:
2280:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1947:
1751:Politics of Île-de-France
1377:
1085:). Under the rule of the
1051:sacking by Vikings in 845
166:
159:
139:
60:
51:
6332:History of Île-de-France
5380:Cunliffe, Barry (2004).
3223:Métropole du Grand Paris
2959:from Asia (excl. Turkey)
2862:from Asia (excl. Turkey)
2765:from Asia (excl. Turkey)
1943:2019 Census Paris Region
1842:politician) – (2nd time)
1824:politician) – (1st time)
1330:Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
1037:, the first king of the
979:History of Île-de-France
537:[ʁeʒjɔ̃paʁizjɛn]
6407:History of Val-de-Marne
6367:History of Eure-et-Loir
5553:Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
5401:Fierro, Alfred (1996).
4824:17 January 2018 at the
4289:27 January 2023 at the
4006:International relations
3434:Paris + Petite Couronne
1731:Basilica of Saint-Denis
1719:Palace of Fontainebleau
1643:Basilica of Sacre-Coeur
1639:Cathedral of Notre-Dame
1452:Safran Aircraft Engines
1356:) or around 1/3 of the
1161:forest of Fontainebleau
1137:Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
1094:Palace of Fontainebleau
1055:Siege of Paris (885–86)
1029:Basilica of Saint-Denis
353:€782.639 billion (2022)
5530:Administrative regions
5443:Schmidt, Joël (2009).
5367:(in French). E. Thorin
3502:is part of this area.
3161:
3145:
1950:
1876:
1760:
1354:Gross domestic product
1349:
1143:to the southwest, and
664:
528:
338:
6412:History of Val-d'Oise
6207:Menton and Roquebrune
3506:Historical population
3151:
3139:
2686:countries with French
2298:Republic of the Congo
1874:
1758:
1611:, and 8.8 percent in
1479:Électricité de France
1456:European Space Agency
1416:Électricité de France
1343:
1276:consists of those of
989:, a sub-tribe of the
662:
606:Further information:
376: • Summer (
5956:Lorraine and Barrois
5823:Historical provinces
5655:Languedoc-Roussillon
5548:Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
5541:Current (since 2016)
5464:Bloch, Marc (1971).
4362:Bloch, Marc (1971).
3200:Boulogne-Billancourt
2690:citizenship at birth
2619:, 1.7% were born in
1922:(12.9 percent), and
1906:(17.1 percent), and
1765:Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine
1727:Château de Malmaison
1715:Palace of Versailles
1673:Palace of Versailles
1658:Notre-Dame Cathedral
1591:, and 10 percent in
1245:("large ring"). The
1098:Palace of Versailles
321: • Density
125:Palace of Versailles
6422:History of Yvelines
6279: /
5834:General governments
5563:Centre-Val de Loire
4855:, 22 February 2018.
4467:, pp. 154–167.
4037:Comunidad de Madrid
3512:
2665:Metropolitan France
2652:
2617:Metropolitan France
1983:Metropolitan France
1568:(31,497); the bank
1294:metropolitan France
1141:Centre-Val-de-Loire
1039:Merovingian dynasty
488:[ildəfʁɑ̃s]
6362:History of Essonne
5680:Nord-Pas-de-Calais
5618:Former (1982–2015)
5594:Nouvelle-Aquitaine
5424:Paris (City Guide)
5311:on 5 November 2013
4482:, pp. 210–11.
4455:, pp. 88–104.
3248:Population (2011)
3162:
3158:20 arrondissements
3146:
2646:
1893:Wealth and poverty
1880:Population density
1877:
1761:
1481:. The energy firm
1350:
1218:Veneux-les-Sablons
1139:to the southeast,
1079:King of the Franks
1071:Duke of the Franks
665:
645:feudal territories
350: • Total
313: • Total
292: • Total
109:Clockwise from top
6377:History of Loiret
6312:Regions of France
6262:
6261:
5782:
5781:
5774:Regional councils
5645:Champagne-Ardenne
5456:978-2-262-03015-5
5435:978-981-282-079-2
5412:978-0-7859-9300-1
5393:978-0-415-34779-2
4443:, pp. 65–70.
4080:
4062:
4044:
4021:Île-de-France is
4003:
4002:
3994:
3993:
3841:
3840:
3677:
3676:
3463:
3462:
3332:Seine-Saint-Denis
3188:Seine-Saint-Denis
3120:
3119:
3111:
3100:
3088:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2651:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2276:
2275:
1965:Country/territory
1900:Seine-Saint-Denis
1735:French Revolution
1607:; 7.9 percent in
1603:; 7.7 percent in
1599:; 7.5 percent in
1589:Seine-Saint-Denis
1448:Dassault Aviation
1358:economy of France
1266:Seine-Saint-Denis
1214:Transilien Line R
1109:Charles De Gaulle
1105:French Revolution
947:French Revolution
929:
928:
750:Seine-Saint-Denis
561:Seine-Saint-Denis
529:Région parisienne
517:regions of France
431:
430:
300: • Rank
242:Seine-Saint-Denis
16:(Redirected from
6429:
6417:History of Yonne
6387:History of Paris
6352:History of Aisne
6294:
6293:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6283:48.500°N 2.500°E
6280:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6254:Comtat Venaissin
6250:
6043:
5821:
5820:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5786:
5747:Related articles
5710:Overseas regions
5690:Poitou-Charentes
5604:Pays de la Loire
5523:
5516:
5509:
5500:
5495:
5479:
5460:
5439:
5427:
5416:
5397:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5342:
5327:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5267:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5237:
5228:
5213:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5179:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5068:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5038:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5008:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4921:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4904:
4897:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4862:
4856:
4849:
4843:
4840:
4834:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4796:
4781:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4712:
4705:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4680:
4673:
4665:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4645:
4638:
4630:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4580:
4573:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4548:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4530:
4523:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4468:
4462:
4456:
4450:
4444:
4438:
4432:
4426:
4420:
4414:
4408:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4300:
4294:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4271:
4260:
4252:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4219:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4202:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4136:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4076:
4071:
4070:
4058:
4053:
4052:
4040:
4035:
4034:
3858:
3853:
3845:
3844:
3694:
3689:
3681:
3680:
3530:
3525:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3452:
3448:
3420:
3416:
3386:
3382:
3351:
3347:
3316:
3312:
3279:
3275:
3239:
3182:department, are
3109:
3102:
3097:
3090:
3082:
3075:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2919:from the Maghreb
2917:
2913:
2910:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2822:from the Maghreb
2820:
2816:
2813:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2725:from the Maghreb
2723:
2719:
2716:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2601:
2600:
2584:
2583:
2567:
2566:
2550:
2549:
2533:
2532:
2516:
2515:
2499:
2498:
2482:
2481:
2465:
2464:
2448:
2447:
2431:
2430:
2414:
2413:
2397:
2396:
2380:
2364:
2363:
2347:
2346:
2330:
2329:
2313:
2312:
2296:
2295:
2282:
2266:
2265:
2249:
2248:
2232:
2231:
2215:
2214:
2198:
2197:
2181:
2180:
2164:
2163:
2147:
2146:
2130:
2129:
2113:
2112:
2096:
2095:
2079:
2064:
2049:
2048:
2032:
2031:
2015:
2014:
1998:
1997:
1981:
1980:
1962:
1961:
1955:
1940:
1918:(11.8 percent),
1858:Valérie Pécresse
1847:Jean-Paul Huchon
1782:National Front.
1773:Valérie Pécresse
1771:parties, led by
1699:
1688:Disneyland Paris
1684:
1669:
1654:
1635:Disneyland Paris
1570:Société Générale
1537:Société Générale
1535:Headquarters of
1532:
1517:
1501:Headquarters of
1498:
1382:
1381:
1373:Société Générale
1210:
1191:
1175:
1156:
1035:Clovis the Frank
969:
957:
942:
919:€764.844 billion
883:
881:
880:
856:
854:
853:
829:
827:
826:
802:
800:
799:
775:
773:
772:
748:
746:
745:
733:€188.333 billion
721:
719:
718:
706:€253.101 billion
694:
692:
691:
667:
596:Disneyland Paris
539:
534:
514:
511:
510:Island of France
508:
505:
502:
498:
497:
496:
490:
485:
481:
480:
477:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
460:
459:
456:
452:
451:
448:
445:
427:
424:
422:
381:
276:Valérie Pécresse
171:
147:
100:
89:
82:
71:
42:
39:Region in France
21:
6437:
6436:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6428:
6427:
6426:
6382:History of Oise
6297:
6296:
6287:
6285:
6281:
6278:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6265:
6263:
6258:
6244:
6185:
6044:
6035:
5829:
5815:
5813:
5783:
5778:
5742:
5704:
5613:
5579:Hauts-de-France
5536:
5527:
5493:
5487:
5482:
5476:
5463:
5457:
5442:
5436:
5419:
5413:
5400:
5394:
5379:
5370:
5368:
5360:
5356:
5351:
5350:
5340:
5338:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5314:
5312:
5299:
5298:
5294:
5284:
5282:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5254:
5252:
5239:
5238:
5231:
5226:Wayback Machine
5211:
5210:
5206:
5196:
5194:
5181:
5180:
5176:
5166:
5164:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5136:
5134:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5109:
5107:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5082:
5080:
5070:
5069:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5040:
5039:
5032:
5022:
5020:
5010:
5009:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4964:
4962:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4938:
4936:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4876:
4874:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4850:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4826:Wayback Machine
4817:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4794:
4792:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4768:
4766:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4731:
4730:
4726:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4659:
4649:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4632:
4631:
4624:
4614:
4612:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4541:
4534:
4532:
4531:on 2 March 2007
4528:
4521:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4501:
4499:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4478:
4471:
4463:
4459:
4451:
4447:
4439:
4435:
4427:
4423:
4415:
4411:
4403:
4399:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4374:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4346:
4344:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4312:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4291:Wayback Machine
4275:
4273:
4269:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4221:
4220:
4213:
4200:
4198:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4163:
4153:
4151:
4138:
4137:
4130:
4125:
4097:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4065:
4047:
4029:
4019:
4014:
4008:
3508:
3475:Grande Couronne
3470:
3467:Grande Couronne
3459:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3441:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3402:Petite Couronne
3395:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3360:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3325:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3290:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3231:Grande Couronne
3227:Petite Couronne
3196:Petite Couronne
3167:Petite Couronne
3154:Petite Couronne
3142:Petite Couronne
3134:
3127:
3124:Petite Couronne
3103:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3076:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:Born in foreign
2681:
2676:Overseas France
2674:
2673:
2670:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2648:
2621:Overseas France
2595:
2578:
2561:
2544:
2527:
2510:
2493:
2476:
2459:
2442:
2425:
2408:
2391:
2358:
2341:
2324:
2307:
2290:
2260:
2243:
2226:
2209:
2192:
2175:
2158:
2141:
2124:
2107:
2090:
2043:
2026:
2009:
1992:
1975:
1966:
1938:
1932:
1914:(9.7 percent);
1895:
1882:
1869:
1796:Paul Delouvrier
1788:
1753:
1745:Main articles:
1743:
1723:Vaux-le-Vicomte
1709:
1707:Vaux le Vicomte
1700:
1691:
1685:
1676:
1670:
1661:
1655:
1630:
1621:
1550:
1543:
1533:
1524:
1518:
1509:
1499:
1428:Flins-sur-Seine
1399:, now known as
1397:Bourse de Paris
1379:Crédit Agricole
1338:
1302:
1274:grande couronne
1258:petite couronne
1251:petite couronne
1243:grande couronne
1239:petite couronne
1231:
1224:
1211:
1202:
1192:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1157:
1129:Hauts-de-France
1125:
1117:regionalisation
1077:), was elected
981:
973:
970:
961:
958:
949:
943:
934:
895:€60.058 billion
878:
876:
868:€58.462 billion
851:
849:
841:€42.983 billion
824:
822:
814:€38.861 billion
797:
795:
787:€56.818 billion
770:
768:
760:€66.227 billion
743:
741:
716:
714:
689:
687:
682:GDP per capita
657:
610:
604:
532:
512:
509:
506:
503:
493:
492:
491:
483:
461:
453:
442:
438:
419:
375:
259:
208:
207:
162:
155:
154:
153:
152:
135:
106:
105:
104:
103:
102:
101:
92:
91:
90:
83:
74:
73:
72:
56:
47:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Petite Couronne
15:
12:
11:
5:
6435:
6433:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6299:
6298:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6256:
6251:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6193:
6191:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6038:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5837:
5835:
5831:
5830:
5814:
5812:
5811:
5804:
5797:
5789:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5714:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5702:
5700:Upper Normandy
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5670:Lower Normandy
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5621:
5619:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5537:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5486:
5485:External links
5483:
5481:
5480:
5474:
5461:
5455:
5440:
5434:
5417:
5411:
5398:
5392:
5377:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5337:on 29 May 2021
5322:
5292:
5262:
5229:
5204:
5174:
5144:
5117:
5090:
5060:
5030:
4998:
4972:
4946:
4916:
4884:
4857:
4844:
4835:
4811:
4802:
4776:
4750:
4724:
4692:
4657:
4622:
4592:
4560:
4509:
4484:
4469:
4457:
4445:
4433:
4421:
4419:, p. 201.
4409:
4407:, p. 132.
4397:
4379:
4372:
4354:
4322:
4295:
4240:
4211:
4182:
4161:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4063:
4045:
4018:
4015:
4007:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3507:
3504:
3480:Seine-et-Marne
3469:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3442:
3437:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3410:
3405:
3397:
3396:
3389:
3376:
3371:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3341:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3306:
3301:
3297:Hauts-de-Seine
3292:
3291:
3282:
3269:
3264:
3255:
3254:
3252:Municipalities
3249:
3246:
3243:
3184:Hauts-de-Seine
3131:Petit-Couronne
3126:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3116:Source: INSEE
3113:
3112:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2679:
2668:
2657:
2633:Central Africa
2611:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2569:United Kingdom
2558:
2557:
2554:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2287:
2286:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1958:
1957:
1945:
1944:
1934:Main article:
1931:
1928:
1924:Hauts-de-Seine
1916:Seine-et-Marne
1902:(29 percent),
1894:
1891:
1887:Seine-et-Marne
1881:
1878:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1854:
1843:
1832:
1825:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1787:
1784:
1742:
1739:
1711:
1710:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1686:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1664:
1662:
1656:
1649:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1609:Seine et Marne
1601:Hauts-de-Seine
1560:(40,657); the
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1534:
1527:
1525:
1522:Euronext Paris
1519:
1512:
1510:
1500:
1493:
1460:Alcatel-Lucent
1401:Euronext Paris
1337:
1334:
1301:
1298:
1278:Seine-et-Marne
1262:Hauts-de-Seine
1230:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1216:train between
1212:
1205:
1203:
1193:
1186:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1165:Seine-et-Marne
1158:
1151:
1131:to the north,
1124:
1121:
1083:roi des Francs
1075:duc des Francs
1067:comte de Paris
1063:Count of Paris
998:île de la Cité
977:Main article:
975:
974:
971:
964:
962:
959:
952:
950:
944:
937:
933:
930:
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
900:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
873:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
846:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
831:Seine-et-Marne
819:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
792:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
765:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
738:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
723:Hauts-de-Seine
711:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
656:
653:
637:Capetian kings
626:Île de la Cité
603:
600:
565:Seine-et-Marne
557:Hauts-de-Seine
429:
428:
417:
413:
412:
409:
403:
402:
399:
393:
392:
382:
372:
371:
361:
355:
354:
351:
347:
346:
342:
341:
332:
326:
325:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
305:
304:
301:
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
284:
283:
273:
266:
265:
261:
260:
258:
257:
251:
245:
239:
236:Hauts-de-Seine
233:
227:
221:
218:Seine-et-Marne
215:
205:
204:
203:
201:
195:
194:
189:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
164:
163:
160:
157:
156:
148:
142:
141:
140:
137:
136:
107:
95:
94:
93:
84:
77:
76:
75:
66:
65:
64:
63:
62:
61:
58:
57:
52:
49:
48:
45:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6434:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6307:Île-de-France
6305:
6304:
6302:
6295:
6292:
6288:48.500; 2.500
6255:
6252:
6248:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6188:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6042:
6032:
6031:Trois-Évêchés
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5976:Lower Navarre
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5941:Île-de-France
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5921:Franche-Comté
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5819:
5810:
5805:
5803:
5798:
5796:
5791:
5790:
5787:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5718:French Guiana
5716:
5715:
5713:
5711:
5707:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5675:Midi-Pyrénées
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5650:Franche-Comté
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5584:Île-de-France
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5524:
5519:
5517:
5512:
5510:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5484:
5477:
5475:0-8014-0640-4
5471:
5467:
5462:
5458:
5452:
5448:
5447:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5418:
5414:
5408:
5404:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5385:
5384:
5378:
5366:
5365:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5336:
5332:
5326:
5323:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5293:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5266:
5263:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5236:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5208:
5205:
5192:
5189:(in French).
5188:
5184:
5178:
5175:
5162:
5158:
5156:
5148:
5145:
5132:
5129:(in French).
5128:
5121:
5118:
5105:
5102:(in French).
5101:
5094:
5091:
5078:
5075:(in French).
5074:
5067:
5065:
5061:
5048:
5045:(in French).
5044:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5018:
5015:(in French).
5014:
5007:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4986:
4982:
4976:
4973:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4947:
4934:
4930:
4927:(in French).
4926:
4920:
4917:
4901:
4894:
4888:
4885:
4872:
4868:
4861:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4815:
4812:
4806:
4803:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4751:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4725:
4709:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4677:
4670:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4642:
4635:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4577:
4570:
4564:
4561:
4556:
4552:
4546:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4510:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4434:
4431:, p. 25.
4430:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4417:Cunliffe 2004
4413:
4410:
4406:
4401:
4398:
4393:
4389:
4383:
4380:
4375:
4373:0-8014-0640-4
4369:
4365:
4358:
4355:
4342:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4268:
4264:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4171:
4165:
4162:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4122:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4099:France portal
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4016:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3855:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3731:
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3726:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3715:
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3709:
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3704:
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3698:
3697:
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3679:
3672:
3669:
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3647:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3527:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:Seine-et-Oise
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3468:
3465:
3456:
3443:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3424:
3411:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3377:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3342:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3307:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3270:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3159:
3155:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3125:
3122:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3096:
3095:
3086:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3056:
3039:
3022:
3005:
2988:
2971:
2948:
2931:
2908:
2891:
2874:
2851:
2834:
2811:
2794:
2777:
2754:
2737:
2714:
2697:
2677:
2666:
2654:
2644:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2587:
2586:United States
2582:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2149:Côte d'Ivoire
2145:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:Île-de-France
1946:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1879:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1836:Michel Giraud
1833:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:Michel Giraud
1815:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1627:
1625:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1526:
1523:
1516:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1174:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1147:to the west.
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:to the east,
1134:
1130:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1021:Mons Martyrum
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
992:
988:
987:
980:
968:
963:
956:
951:
948:
941:
936:
931:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
904:Île-de-France
902:
901:
897:
894:
891:
888:
886:
875:
874:
870:
867:
864:
861:
859:
848:
847:
843:
840:
837:
834:
832:
821:
820:
816:
813:
810:
807:
805:
794:
793:
789:
786:
783:
780:
778:
767:
766:
762:
759:
756:
753:
751:
740:
739:
735:
732:
729:
726:
724:
713:
712:
708:
705:
702:
699:
697:
686:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
668:
661:
654:
652:
651:of the king.
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
609:
601:
599:
597:
593:
592:Fontainebleau
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
543:
538:
530:
526:
522:
518:
495:
489:
479:
436:
435:Île-de-France
426:
418:
410:
408:
400:
398:
397:ISO 3166 code
390:
386:
383:
379:
369:
365:
362:
360:
352:
340:
336:
333:
331:
323:
315:
302:
294:
281:
277:
274:
272:
269: •
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
202:
200:
193:
190:
188:
181:
178:
170:
151:
146:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
99:
88:
81:
70:
55:
50:
46:Île-de-France
43:
37:
33:
19:
6264:
5583:
5465:
5445:
5423:
5402:
5382:
5369:. Retrieved
5363:
5354:Bibliography
5339:. Retrieved
5335:the original
5325:
5313:. Retrieved
5309:the original
5304:
5295:
5283:. Retrieved
5274:
5265:
5253:. Retrieved
5244:
5216:
5207:
5195:. Retrieved
5177:
5167:21 September
5165:. Retrieved
5154:
5147:
5135:. Retrieved
5120:
5108:. Retrieved
5093:
5081:. Retrieved
5051:. Retrieved
5021:. Retrieved
4989:. Retrieved
4975:
4963:. Retrieved
4949:
4937:. Retrieved
4919:
4907:. Retrieved
4887:
4875:. Retrieved
4860:
4852:
4847:
4838:
4829:
4814:
4805:
4793:. Retrieved
4779:
4767:. Retrieved
4753:
4741:. Retrieved
4727:
4715:. Retrieved
4695:
4683:. Retrieved
4648:. Retrieved
4613:. Retrieved
4604:
4595:
4583:. Retrieved
4563:
4533:. Retrieved
4526:the original
4512:
4500:. Retrieved
4496:
4487:
4480:Schmidt 2009
4465:Schmidt 2009
4460:
4453:Schmidt 2009
4448:
4441:Schmidt 2009
4436:
4424:
4412:
4400:
4392:ec.europa.eu
4391:
4382:
4363:
4357:
4345:. Retrieved
4334:
4325:
4313:. Retrieved
4307:
4298:
4274:. Retrieved
4262:
4231:. Retrieved
4206:
4199:. Retrieved
4185:
4175:18 September
4173:. Retrieved
4164:
4152:. Retrieved
4143:
4078:(since 2013)
4077:
4060:(since 2011)
4059:
4042:(since 2000)
4041:
4020:
4017:Twin regions
3474:
3473:
3471:
3466:
3433:
3432:
3401:
3400:
3367:Val-de-Marne
3365:
3330:
3295:
3258:
3235:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3195:
3192:Val-de-Marne
3175:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3153:
3141:
3123:
3104:
3092:
3077:
2641:
2614:
1951:
1908:Val-de-Marne
1896:
1883:
1867:Demographics
1777:
1762:
1712:
1631:
1622:
1613:Val de Marne
1586:
1555:
1551:
1468:
1444:Thales Group
1405:
1366:
1362:
1351:
1323:. The River
1306:
1303:
1273:
1270:Val-de-Marne
1257:
1255:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1222:Saint-Mammès
1194:Vineyard in
1159:View of the
1126:
1112:
1102:
1091:
1082:
1074:
1066:
1033:
1020:
1013:Christianity
1002:
984:
982:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
777:Val-de-Marne
630:
611:
585:
580:
569:Val-de-Marne
546:
525:Paris Region
524:
434:
432:
423:.iledefrance
248:Val-de-Marne
121:Saint-Mammès
108:
36:
6286: /
6245: [
6232:Sarrewerden
6212:Montbéliard
5881:Bourbonnais
5695:Rhône-Alpes
5494:(in French)
5212:(in French)
5197:20 February
5137:19 February
5110:19 February
5083:19 February
5053:19 February
5023:19 February
4991:15 February
4987:(in French)
4965:15 February
4961:(in French)
4939:29 November
4909:29 November
4877:16 December
4769:24 November
4685:30 November
4650:30 November
4585:24 November
4535:1 September
4336:France Info
4233:24 November
4075:in Vietnam
4057:in Armenia
3242:Department
3208:Saint-Denis
3172:departments
3140:Map of the
3085:Pieds-Noirs
2952:from Turkey
2912:from Europe
2855:from Turkey
2815:from Europe
2758:from Turkey
2718:from Europe
2694:Immigrants
1930:Immigration
1845:1998–2015:
1834:1992–1998:
1831:politician)
1816:1976–1988:
1794:1961–1969:
1619:Agriculture
1566:Orange S.A.
1464:Arianespace
1385:Orange S.A.
1369:BNP Paribas
1235:departments
1229:Departments
1103:During the
1017:Saint Denis
676:Population
670:Department
655:Departments
641:Middle Ages
639:during the
581:Franciliens
549:departments
407:NUTS Region
199:Departments
6301:Categories
6176:Vermandois
6066:Beaujolais
6016:Roussillon
5728:Martinique
5723:Guadeloupe
5449:. Perrin.
5405:. Lafont.
5371:25 October
5315:4 November
5285:17 October
5255:17 October
4795:1 December
4743:3 December
4717:3 December
4615:3 December
4276:1 November
4201:17 October
4123:References
4010:See also:
3987:12,271,794
3976:12,262,544
3965:12,174,880
3954:11,898,502
3943:11,598,866
3932:10,952,011
3921:10,660,554
3910:10,073,059
3500:Versailles
3492:Val-d'Oise
3245:Area (km)
3144:with Paris
2450:Madagascar
2081:Martinique
2066:Guadeloupe
1970:Population
1904:Val-d'Oise
1769:right-wing
1593:Val-d'Oise
1576:(19,648);
1574:Groupe PSA
1558:Air France
1548:Employment
1541:La Défense
1507:La Défense
1487:La Défense
1475:Total S.A.
1432:Groupe PSA
1420:Total S.A.
1346:La Défense
1307:The River
1300:Topography
1290:Val-d'Oise
1200:Val-d'Oise
1059:Hugh Capet
1057:. In 987,
1025:Montmartre
914:12,317,279
804:Val-d'Oise
588:Versailles
573:Val-d'Oise
533:pronounced
339:Francilien
316:12,271,794
308:Population
264:Government
254:Val-d'Oise
187:Prefecture
127:; and the
117:La Défense
111:: western
6227:Salm-Salm
6101:Couserans
6096:Comminges
6086:Cambrésis
6021:Saintonge
5991:Orléanais
5981:Nivernais
5946:Languedoc
5896:Champagne
5846:Angoumois
5630:Aquitaine
5599:Occitania
5574:Grand Est
4831:Les Echos
4574:. INSEE.
4039:in Spain
3899:9,878,565
3888:9,248,631
3877:8,470,015
3866:7,317,063
3834:6,597,758
3823:6,785,750
3812:6,705,579
3801:6,146,178
3790:5,682,598
3779:5,335,220
3768:4,960,310
3757:4,735,580
3746:4,368,656
3735:4,126,932
3724:3,934,314
3713:3,726,118
3702:3,320,162
3670:3,141,730
3659:3,039,043
3648:2,819,045
3637:2,552,980
3626:2,239,695
3615:2,180,100
3604:1,998,862
3593:1,882,354
3582:1,707,181
3571:1,780,900
3560:1,549,811
3549:1,407,272
3538:1,352,280
3490:(91) and
3393:47 (list)
3358:40 (list)
3323:36 (list)
3204:Montreuil
2518:Mauritius
2251:Sri Lanka
1987:9,215,134
1780:far-right
1360:in 2019.
1196:Luzarches
1133:Grand Est
1123:Geography
1009:Left Bank
892:1,456,365
865:1,313,768
838:1,438,100
811:1,256,607
784:1,415,367
757:1,668,670
736:€115,168
730:1,635,291
709:€118,653
703:2,133,111
647:ruled by
602:Etymology
551:: Paris,
527:(French:
385:UTC+02:00
364:UTC+01:00
359:Time zone
6217:Mulhouse
6197:Créhange
6181:Vivarais
6166:Valromey
6156:Rouergue
6146:Ponthieu
6141:Périgord
6136:Nébouzan
6121:Gévaudan
6116:Gâtinais
6091:Cévennes
6061:Armagnac
6026:Touraine
6011:Provence
5986:Normandy
5961:Lyonnais
5951:Limousin
5911:Flanders
5906:Dauphiné
5891:Burgundy
5886:Brittany
5866:Auvergne
5665:Lorraine
5660:Limousin
5640:Burgundy
5635:Auvergne
5589:Normandy
5558:Brittany
5279:Archived
5275:insee.fr
5249:Archived
5245:insee.fr
5222:Archived
5191:Archived
5161:Archived
5131:Archived
5104:Archived
5077:Archived
5047:Archived
5017:Archived
4933:Archived
4900:Archived
4871:Archived
4853:La Croix
4822:Archived
4789:Archived
4763:Archived
4737:Archived
4708:Archived
4676:Archived
4641:Archived
4609:Archived
4576:Archived
4545:cite web
4341:Archived
4287:Archived
4284:web page
4267:Archived
4227:Archived
4195:Archived
4154:27 March
4148:Archived
4144:insee.fr
4085:See also
3484:Yvelines
3212:Nanterre
2484:Pakistan
2366:Cambodia
2268:Cameroon
2034:Portugal
1967:of birth
1912:Yvelines
1597:Yvelines
1282:Yvelines
1182:in Paris
1145:Normandy
1096:and the
1087:Capetian
1047:Francien
898:€42,238
885:Yvelines
871:€44,500
844:€29,889
817:€30,925
790:€40,144
763:€39,688
673:Area km
577:Yvelines
224:Yvelines
150:Wordmark
6271:48°30′N
6131:Labourd
6071:Bigorre
6056:Agenais
6001:Picardy
5936:Hainaut
5931:Guyenne
5926:Gascony
5901:Corsica
5738:Réunion
5733:Mayotte
5685:Picardy
5569:Corsica
4315:25 June
4116:Pokémon
4055:Yerevan
4023:twinned
3857:±% p.a.
3693:±% p.a.
3529:±% p.a.
3488:Essonne
3216:Créteil
2671:Born in
2660:Born in
2625:Maghreb
2605:857,720
2467:Germany
2433:Lebanon
2382:Réunion
2349:Vietnam
2200:Romania
2166:Senegal
2055:127,827
2051:Tunisia
2038:234,399
2021:253,518
2017:Morocco
2004:330,935
2000:Algeria
1920:Essonne
1703:Château
1628:Tourism
1605:Essonne
1582:Renault
1424:Renault
1336:Economy
1286:Essonne
994:Senones
986:Parisii
932:History
924:€62,095
858:Essonne
649:vassals
635:of the
553:Essonne
504:
484:French:
416:Website
330:Demonym
230:Essonne
176:Country
133:Provins
6274:2°30′E
6151:Quercy
6106:Dombes
6076:Bresse
6006:Poitou
5996:Perche
5971:Marche
5856:Artois
5841:Alsace
5827:France
5769:by HDI
5764:by GDP
5625:Alsace
5534:France
5472:
5453:
5432:
5409:
5390:
4502:18 May
4370:
4347:3 June
4025:with:
3990:+0.08%
3979:+0.36%
3968:+0.46%
3957:+0.51%
3946:+0.72%
3935:+0.30%
3924:+0.71%
3913:+0.28%
3902:+0.95%
3891:+1.48%
3880:+1.85%
3869:+1.30%
3837:−0.28%
3826:+0.24%
3815:+1.76%
3804:+1.58%
3793:+0.63%
3782:+1.47%
3771:+0.93%
3760:+1.63%
3749:+1.14%
3738:+0.96%
3727:+1.09%
3716:+2.33%
3705:+1.39%
3673:+0.56%
3662:+1.51%
3651:+2.00%
3640:+2.65%
3629:+0.54%
3618:+1.75%
3607:+1.21%
3596:+1.97%
3585:−0.84%
3574:+2.82%
3563:+0.65%
3552:+0.80%
3486:(78),
3482:(77),
3451:
3447:
3419:
3415:
3385:
3381:
3350:
3346:
3315:
3311:
3278:
3274:
3070:10.2%
3053:12.2%
3036:13.3%
3019:14.0%
3002:14.7%
2905:17.4%
2808:18.5%
2711:19.8%
2656:Census
2590:17,583
2573:17,789
2556:17,887
2552:Brazil
2539:18,709
2535:Guinea
2522:18,840
2505:19,019
2501:Russia
2488:20,178
2471:20,523
2454:21,002
2437:21,066
2420:25,632
2416:Serbia
2403:29,623
2386:30,077
2375:
2370:30,321
2353:35,251
2336:35,871
2332:Poland
2319:36,685
2302:38,651
2272:45,370
2255:45,786
2238:45,828
2221:52,449
2204:53,848
2187:58,141
2170:60,124
2153:63,810
2136:66,085
2119:67,982
2115:Turkey
2102:71,500
2085:75,959
2070:81,269
1856:2016–
1462:, and
1454:, the
1440:Airbus
1436:Poissy
1418:, and
1391:, and
1389:Veolia
1375:, and
1272:; the
1069:) and
1043:Franks
1005:Romans
991:Celtic
909:12,012
882:
855:
828:
801:
774:
747:
720:
693:
401:FR-IDF
335:French
180:France
123:; the
54:Region
6249:]
6242:Tende
6237:Savoy
6171:Velay
6161:Soule
6111:Forez
6081:Bugey
5966:Maine
5876:Berry
5871:Béarn
5861:Aunis
5851:Anjou
5754:Flags
5341:4 May
5183:INSEE
4981:INSEE
4955:INSEE
4929:INSEE
4903:(PDF)
4896:(PDF)
4711:(PDF)
4704:(PDF)
4679:(PDF)
4672:(PDF)
4644:(PDF)
4637:(PDF)
4579:(PDF)
4572:(PDF)
4529:(PDF)
4522:(PDF)
4270:(PDF)
4259:(PDF)
4112:Kalos
4073:Hanoi
3440:762.4
3370:(94)
3335:(93)
3300:(92)
3287:Paris
3267:105.4
3263:(75)
3260:Paris
3180:Seine
3176:crown
3061:85.3%
3044:82.9%
3027:81.1%
3010:80.4%
2993:80.3%
2896:77.4%
2799:76.3%
2702:75.1%
2399:India
2315:Haiti
2234:Spain
2183:Italy
2098:China
1503:Total
1483:Engie
1471:Orano
1412:Engie
1408:Orano
1313:Marne
1309:Seine
1180:Seine
889:2,284
862:1,804
835:5,915
808:1,246
696:Paris
622:Seine
618:Marne
521:Paris
212:Paris
192:Paris
113:Paris
6222:Nice
6202:Dabo
5916:Foix
5470:ISBN
5451:ISBN
5430:ISBN
5407:ISBN
5388:ISBN
5373:2015
5343:2018
5317:2013
5287:2022
5257:2022
5199:2014
5169:2013
5139:2022
5112:2022
5085:2022
5055:2022
5025:2022
4993:2023
4967:2023
4941:2018
4911:2018
4879:2015
4797:2018
4771:2018
4745:2018
4719:2018
4687:2018
4652:2018
4617:2018
4587:2014
4555:link
4551:link
4537:2007
4504:2024
4368:ISBN
4349:2019
4317:2024
4309:OECD
4278:2022
4235:2018
4203:2022
4177:2023
4156:2023
3984:2020
3973:2019
3962:2017
3951:2012
3940:2007
3929:1999
3918:1990
3907:1982
3896:1975
3885:1968
3874:1962
3863:1954
3852:Pop.
3848:Year
3831:1946
3820:1936
3809:1931
3798:1926
3787:1921
3776:1911
3765:1906
3754:1901
3743:1896
3732:1891
3721:1886
3710:1881
3699:1876
3688:Pop.
3684:Year
3667:1872
3656:1866
3645:1861
3634:1856
3623:1851
3612:1846
3601:1841
3590:1836
3579:1831
3568:1826
3557:1821
3546:1806
3535:1801
3524:Pop.
3520:Year
3472:The
3221:The
3214:and
3198:are
3190:and
3164:The
3067:4.0%
3064:0.5%
3058:1968
3050:3.9%
3047:1.0%
3041:1975
3033:3.9%
3030:1.7%
3024:1982
3016:3.7%
3013:1.9%
3007:1990
2999:3.2%
2996:1.8%
2990:1999
2984:0.9%
2979:2.5%
2974:0.6%
2944:3.3%
2939:5.1%
2934:4.9%
2902:3.5%
2899:1.7%
2893:2008
2887:1.0%
2882:2.8%
2877:0.6%
2847:3.8%
2842:5.4%
2837:5.0%
2805:3.5%
2802:1.7%
2796:2013
2790:1.1%
2785:3.0%
2780:0.6%
2750:4.4%
2745:5.8%
2740:5.0%
2708:3.4%
2705:1.7%
2699:2019
2631:and
2629:West
2132:Mali
1749:and
1562:SNCF
1430:and
1325:Eure
1321:Epte
1319:and
1317:Oise
1288:and
1268:and
1256:The
1220:and
1178:The
1003:The
679:GDP
620:and
614:Oise
590:and
575:and
501:lit.
433:The
389:CEST
303:13th
287:Area
256:(95)
250:(94)
244:(93)
238:(92)
232:(91)
226:(78)
220:(77)
214:(75)
115:and
6126:Gex
5825:of
5532:of
4828:on
3458:124
3453:233
3449:695
3426:123
3421:258
3417:445
3408:657
3387:702
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3352:928
3348:529
3339:236
3317:628
3313:581
3304:176
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3280:975
3276:249
1840:RPR
1829:RPR
1822:RPR
1800:RER
1705:of
1578:EDF
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1434:at
1426:at
1393:EDF
1163:in
781:245
754:236
727:176
700:105
425:.fr
421:www
411:FR1
378:DST
368:CET
345:GDP
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