686:
Schneiker, Susanne; dos Santos, Vítor AP Martins; Bartels, Daniela; Bekel, Thomas; Brecht, Martina; Buhrmester, Jens; Chernikova, Tatyana N; Denaro, Renata; Ferrer, Manuel; Gertler, Christoph; Goesmann, Alexander; Golyshina, Olga V; Kaminski, Filip; Khachane, Amit N; Lang, Siegmund; Linke, Burkhard;
111:
The addition of rate-limiting nutrients promotes the microbe's biodegrading pathways, including upregulation of genes encoding multiple alkane hydroxylases that oxidize various lengths of linear alkanes. These enzymes essentially remove the problematic hydrocarbon constituents of petroleum oil while
116:
simultaneously increases synthesis of anionic glucoproteins, which are used to emulsify hydrocarbons in the environment and increase their bioavailability. The presence of crude oil along with appropriate levels of nitrogen and phosphor catalyzes the removal of petroleum either by mechanisms that
103:
utilizes linear hydrocarbon chains in petroleum as its primary energy source under aerobic conditions. When further supplied with sufficient limiting nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphor, it grows and produces surfactant glucolipids to help reduce surface water tension and enhance hydrocarbon
80:
Crude oils are composed of an array of chemical compounds, minor constituents, and trace metals. Making up 50-98% of these petroleum products are hydrocarbons with saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic structures which influence their biodegradability by hydronocarbonclasts. The rate of uptake and
77:
nutrients, air, or exogenous microorganisms to the contaminated site can be applied. For example, bioreactors involve the application of both natural and additional microorganisms in controlled growth conditions that yields high biodegradation rates and can be used with a wide range of media.
76:
is a feasible process as hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms are ubiquitous and are able to degrade most compounds in petroleum oil. In the simplest case, indigenous microbial communities can degrade the petroleum where the spill occurs. In more complicated cases, various methods of adding
260:
Many analytical techniques require expensive treatment of soil samples and/or expensive equipment to detect the presence of pollutants. Bacterial biosensor systems offer the potential for cheap, robust detection systems that are selective and highly sensitive. One developed system uses
687:
McHardy, Alice C; Meyer, Folker; Nechitaylo, Taras; Pühler, Alfred; Regenhardt, Daniela; Rupp, Oliver; Sabirova, Julia S; Selbitschka, Werner; Yakimov, Michail M; Timmis, Kenneth N; Vorhölter, Frank-Jörg; Weidner, Stefan; Kaiser, Olaf; Golyshin, Peter N (30 July 2006).
209:
and injected into the reservoir. Various products and microorganisms are useful in these applications and each will yield different results. The two general strategies for enhancing oil recovery are altering the surface properties of the interface and using
81:
biodegradation by these hydrocarbon-oxidizing microbes not only depend on the chemical structure of the substrates, but is limited by biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, salinity, and nutrient availability in the environment.
307:
The pathways of degradation of different petroleum products vary depending on the substrate and the microorganism (i.e. aerobic/anaerobic). Specific degradation pathways of many hydrocarbon compounds can be found on the
52:. Not all hydrocarbonoclasic microbes depend on hydrocarbons to survive, but instead may use petroleum products as alternative carbon and energy sources. Interest in this field is growing due to the increasing use of
205:
into porous media and indigenous or added microbes promote growth and/or generate products that mobilize oil into producing wells. Alternatively, oil-mobilizing products can be produced by
977:
Siddique, Tariq; Penner, Tara; Klassen, Jonathan; Nesbø, Camilla; Foght, Julia M. (2012). "Microbial
Communities Involved in Methane Production from Hydrocarbons in Oil Sands Tailings".
132:
ran aground, spilling 41.6 million liters of crude oil, and launching one of the first major bioremediation efforts for an oil spill. Cleanup of
Alaskan shorelines relied in part on
299:
as a byproduct in the degradation of certain petroleum hydrocarbons and if those gases are not detoxified before escaping the system, they can be released into the atmosphere.
779:
T, Van
Siddique; T, Penner; J, Klassen; C, Nesbo; JM, Foght (2012). "Microbial communities involved in methane production from hydrocarbons in oil sands tailings".
538:"Most Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in the Total Environment are Diazotrophic, which Highlights Their Value in the Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminants"
166:
of hydrocarbons in bioremediation processes. There are two ways by which biosurfactants are involved in bioremediation. (1) Increase the surface area of
857:
Gray, Murray; Yeung, Anthony; Foght, Julia; Yarranton, Harvey W. (2008). "Potential
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes: A Critical Analysis".
246:
by monitoring their response to the specific chemical. The biosensor system may simply use bacterial growth as a pollutant indicator, or rely on
880:
Banat, I.M. (1995). "Biosurfactants production and possible uses in microbial enhanced oil recovery and oil pollution remediation: A review".
474:
242:
identify and quantify target compounds of interest through interactions with the microbes. For example, bacteria may be used to identify a
230:, acids, and gases are some of the products that are added to oil reservoirs to enhance recovery. Other resources for this application:
91:
A model microorganism studied for its role in bioremediation of oil-spill sites and hydrocarbon catabolism is the alpha-proteobacteria
1095:
1076:
186:(CMCs), a property which increases the apparent solubility of hydrocarbons by sequestering hydrophobic molecules into the centres of
170:
water-insoluble substrates. Growth of microbes on hydrocarbons can be limited by available surface area of the water-oil interface.
104:
uptake. For this reason, nitrates and phosphates are often commercially added to oil-spill sites to engage quiescent populations of
108:, allowing them to quickly outcompete other microbial populations and become the dominant species in the oil-infested environment.
174:
produced by microbes can break up oil into smaller droplets, effectively increasing the available surface area. (2) Increase the
198:
183:
1119:
53:
38:
201:(MEOR) is a technology in which microbial environments are manipulated to enhance oil recovery. Nutrients are injected
926:
Trögl, Josef; Chauhan, Archana; Ripp, Steven; Layton, Alice C.; Kuncová, Gabriela; Sayler, Gary S. (6 February 2012).
140:
928:"Pseudomonas fluorescens HK44: Lessons Learned from a Model Whole-Cell Bioreporter with a Broad Application History"
330:
493:
Head, Ian M.; Jones, D. Martin; Röling, Wilfred F. M. (March 2006). "Marine microorganisms make a meal of oil".
163:
159:
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of hydrophobic water-insoluble substrates. Biosurfactants can enhance the availability of bound substrates by
263:
99:
536:
Dashti, Narjes; Ali, Nedaa; Eliyas, Mohamed; Khanafer, Majida; Sorkhoh, Naser A.; Radwan, Samir S. (2015).
146:
released 779 million liters of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. This was the largest oil spill of all time and
347:
Magot, Michel; Ollivier, Bernard; K.C. Patel, Bharat (Feb 2000). "Microbiology of petroleum reservoirs".
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292:
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them from surfaces (e.g. soil) or by increasing their apparent solubility. Some biosurfactants have low
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Cappello, Simone; Denaro, Renata; Genovese, Maria; Giuliano, Laura; Yakimov, Michail M. (April 2007).
986:
788:
598:
147:
34:
689:"Genome sequence of the ubiquitous hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis"
644:"Predominant growth of Alcanivorax during experiments on "oil spill bioremediation" in mesocosms"
518:
372:
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1002:
959:
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510:
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889:
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enhance the efficiency of substrate uptake or by direct biodegradation of aliphatic chains.
272:
175:
990:
792:
602:
954:
927:
715:
688:
619:
587:"Oil Biodegradation and Bioremediation: A Tale of the Two Worst Spills in U.S. History"
586:
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537:
219:
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microorganisms, can degrade hydrocarbons and, include a wide distribution of bacteria,
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Two well-known oil spills exemplify large scale marine bioremediation applications:
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petroleum microorganisms played a major role in petroleum degradation and cleanup.
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20:
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97:, which degrades aliphatic alkanes through various metabolic activities.
28:
740:"Bioremediation of the Exxon Valdez oil in Prince William Sound beaches"
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EZ, Ron; E, Rosenberg (2002). "Biosurfactants and oil bioremediation".
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that are also harmful, sometimes even more harmful than the original
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Often in the process of degrading a pollutant, a microbe can create
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Boufadel, Michel C.; Geng, Xiaolong; Short, Jeff (December 2016).
49:
247:
331:"Applied Microbiology_Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Microbiology"
310:
University of
Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database
69:
Bioremediation of oil contaminated soils, marine waters and
309:
585:
Atlas, Ronald M.; Hazen, Terry C. (15 August 2011).
1088:
907:Stosur, GJ (1991). "Unconventional EOR concepts".
392:"ZoBell's contribution to petroleum microbiology"
859:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition
469:. Washington: National Academies Press. 1985.
8:
1024:Davis, John B.; M. Updegraff, David (1954).
681:
679:
419:"Recent advances in petroleum microbiology"
417:JD, Van Hamme; A, Singh; OP., Ward (2003).
412:
410:
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423:Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
1086:Ollivier, Bernard; Magot, Michel (2005).
1067:Jones, Trevor; Vandecasteele, Jean-Paul.
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467:Oil in the Sea Inputs, Fates, and Effects
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136:application to augment bacterial growth.
1026:"Microbiology In The Petroleum Industry"
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979:Environmental Science & Technology
781:Environmental Science & Technology
591:Environmental Science & Technology
488:
486:
27:that can metabolize or alter crude or
295:. For example, some microbes produce
7:
37:. These microorganisms, also called
399:Microbial Biosystems: New Frontiers
14:
267:HK44 to quantitatively assay for
158:These are microbial-synthesized
757:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.086
199:Microbial enhanced oil recovery
184:critical micelle concentrations
1042:10.1128/MMBR.18.4.215-238.1954
435:10.1128/mmbr.67.4.503-549.2003
162:that allow for more efficient
1:
836:10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00316-6
329:Desai, Anjana; Vyas, Pranav.
214:to change the flow behavior.
23:that deals with the study of
894:10.1016/0960-8524(94)00101-6
661:10.1016/j.micres.2006.05.010
257:is induced by the chemical.
54:bioremediation of oil spills
495:Nature Reviews Microbiology
1136:
744:Marine Pollution Bulletin
542:Microbes and Environments
160:surface-active substances
648:Microbiological Research
164:microbial biodegradation
361:10.1023/A:1002434330514
349:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
303:Biodegradation pathways
264:Pseudomonas fluorescens
121:Commercial applications
100:Alcanivorax borkumensis
86:Alcanivorax borkumensis
1069:Petroleum Microbiology
882:Bioresource Technology
17:Petroleum microbiology
909:Crit. Rep. Appl. Chem
554:10.1264/jsme2.ME14090
1120:Petroleum technology
824:Curr Opin Biotechnol
693:Nature Biotechnology
1071:. Editions OPHRYS.
991:2012EnST...46.9802S
793:2012EnST...46.9802S
603:2011EnST...45.6709A
507:10.1038/nrmicro1348
39:hydrocarbonoclastic
945:10.3390/s120201544
999:10.1021/es302202c
985:(17): 9802–9810.
867:10.2118/114676-MS
801:10.1021/es302202c
611:10.1021/es2013227
597:(16): 6709–6715.
476:978-0-309-07835-1
390:Bass, Catherine.
142:Deepwater Horizon
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1101:
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938:(2): 1544–1571.
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139:In 2010, the BP
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19:is a branch of
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654:(2): 185–190.
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355:(2): 103–116.
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220:biosurfactants
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154:Biosurfactants
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114:A. borkumensis
106:A. borkumensis
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65:Bioremediation
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25:microorganisms
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1090:. ASM Press.
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1036:(4): 215–38.
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429:(4): 503–49.
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1115:Microbiology
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130:Exxon Valdez
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71:oily sludges
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60:Applications
43:methanogenic
21:microbiology
16:
15:
269:naphthalene
224:biopolymers
212:bioclogging
172:Emulsifiers
168:hydrophobic
94:Alcanivorax
48:, and some
1109:Categories
316:References
289:byproducts
279:Challenges
253:wherein a
240:biosensors
238:Microbial
234:Biosensors
148:indigenous
134:fertilizer
915:: 341–73.
293:substrate
244:pollutant
180:desorbing
144:oil spill
32:petroleum
1060:13219047
1007:22894132
964:22438725
888:: 1–12.
844:12180101
809:22894132
766:27622928
725:16878126
670:16831537
629:21699212
572:25740314
515:16489346
453:14665675
369:10768470
228:solvents
188:micelles
35:products
987:Bibcode
955:3304127
932:Sensors
789:Bibcode
716:7416663
620:3155281
599:Bibcode
563:4356466
248:genetic
216:Biomass
203:in situ
74:in situ
46:archaea
29:refined
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521:
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444:309048
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377:354538
375:
367:
271:using
251:assays
519:S2CID
395:(PDF)
373:S2CID
334:(PDF)
50:fungi
1092:ISBN
1073:ISBN
1056:PMID
1003:PMID
960:PMID
840:PMID
805:PMID
762:PMID
721:PMID
666:PMID
625:PMID
568:PMID
511:PMID
471:ISBN
449:PMID
365:PMID
1046:PMC
1038:doi
995:doi
950:PMC
940:doi
890:doi
863:doi
832:doi
797:doi
752:doi
748:113
711:PMC
701:doi
656:doi
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615:PMC
607:doi
558:PMC
550:doi
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431:doi
357:doi
287:or
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