201:, came to the village of l'Aigle and inn where Charles was spending the night. After surrounding the inn Philip stormed into Charles bedroom saying "Charles of Spain, I am Philip, son of a King, whom you have foully slandered". According to one account Charles begged for his life and promised to leave France forever, but the Bascon de Mareuil and Rabigot Dury fell upon him with four other troopers and stabbed him to death. In all eighty wounds was found on the body of Charles of Spain. The murder of Charles of Spain brought about a break in relations between the King of Navarre and the King of France and occasioned the first of Charles of Navarre's many rapprochements with the English. This time it was not to last long. Already in February Philips brother was, formally at least, reconcile to King John II. In the
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Charles of
Navarre escaped from his prison at Arleux, three weeks later he was received as a hero returned by a Paris increasingly hostile to the Dauphin's government. This sped up the proceedings considerably and the kings agreed to a draft treaty, which among other things, provided that Philip of Navarre should be restored to all that he had held in France before the outbreak of the civil war. Peace between France and England was however not in the interest of the King of Navarre who relied on the continued political instability to achieve his political ambitions.
412:. The garrison surrendered 21 April before Philip could arrive. He instead led his army into western Champagne where he sustained himself for six weeks while evading the counterattacks of the Constable and Admiral of France, returning to Normandy in early June having achieved little of lasting value. On 20 August 1359 Charles of Navarre made his peace with the Dauphin. Philip however chose to continue in the service of the King of England as did many of the Navarrese garrisons in Normandy.
380:. However, by July the Dauphin had gained the advantage in the power struggle; he had the support of the French aristocracy, the Parisians, provoked by the presence of English and Navarrese guards within the city, were also increasingly sympathetic to his cause. Philip answered Charles' call for reinforcements by assembling a considerable force drawn from the garrisons of Normandy and Brittany. Composed mainly of Englishmen the army also included such veteran captains as Robert Knolles and
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309:, a considerable sum. Edward was to have the demesne lands of the dukes of Normandy and anything else Philip might conquer. Philip was also required to surrender any place of special military or political value. Well satisfied Philip left England in early December with letters appointing him Edward III's Lieutenant in Normandy.
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with his guards. On 31 July Paris rose up against and destroyed the regime of
Etienne Marcel, the Provost himself was killed by the mob. Charles now resolved upon a full alliance with Edward III. On 2 August Charles and Philip led their army to the north side of the city where they occupied the abbey
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by storm before turning west again on 8 July. By 13 July the army was back at
Montebourg. They had failed to relieve Evreux, but brought back considerable booty making the short campaign a profitable venture for the participants. The raid also caused John II to be caught in a pointless siege of
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September 1357 negotiations began in London between the
English government and King John II, who was still a prisoner. Philip had attempted to persuade Edward that the release of his brother Charles should be one of the conditions for a truce with France, but met only evasions. 9 November 1357
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Philip returned home to discover that the Duke of
Lancaster had taken over control of Avranches and installed an English garrison there. Outraged Philip went to Lancaster's camp outside Rennes to complain. Though Lancaster agreed to reinstate the Navarrese garrison his captains remained in
363:, one of strongest and most valuable in the region. However Edward III sent his own men to take over the castle, citing a previous agreement with Godfrey of Harcourt had gifted the castle to the English King. Philip sent his Chancellor to Westminster to protest, but was overruled.
250:. However Philip knew that the resources of Navarre alone could never be enough to sustain a war against France and by the end of April he had sent to emissaries to England to seek an alliance. Though initially sceptical by 4 May the English government had decided to divert
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and proclaimed himself his brother's lieutenant in France. Though the region had a long tradition of opposition to the French Crown the local nobility were reluctant to throw in their support as the
Navarrese caused appeared doomed to fail. Philip sent his chief lieutenants
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to settle the terms of his alliance with Edward III. Philip did homage to Edward III as King of France and Duke of
Normandy and promised to serve Edward against anyone except his own brothers. The formal agreement was concluded at the king's hunting lodge at
431:, whose loyalty to the English government had never been anything but nominal, continued to pillage and extract ransom. Philip was however able to retain some control of the Navarrese troops in the region. In summer 1363 he joined
69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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bringing the war to an end, for now. Later the same year
Charles of Navarre signed a separate treaty with John II. But though the kings were no longer at war, peace proved elusive. The countless mercenary bands,
335:. In January that year Philip rode out of the Cotentin with a mounted force of 700 of his own Navarrese and Norman retainers reinforced by a 100 English and German men-at-arms under the English captain Sir
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In
December Charles left Paris for Normandy to build up his strength before his final showdown with the Dauphin. He returned to Paris in February 1358 where he allied with the Provost of the Merchants,
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concluded 22 February
Charles of Navarre gained considerable territories in Lower Normandy as well as promises of pardons for Charles, his brothers and confederates for the murder of Charles of Spain.
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Breteuil instead of focusing on the threatening events taking place to the south. On 20 August he paid the garrison an enormous sum for surrendering the castle and rejoin Philip in the Cotentin.
221:, Charles' administrative seat in Normandy. It fell to Philip to defend his imprisoned brother's interests in Normandy. After a brief attempt to negotiate with John II he withdrew to the
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On 5 April 1356, John II unexpectedly, and to contemporaries quite shockingly, personally had Charles II arrested while he was attended a council of the leading noblemen of Normandy at
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150:. The marriage was childless, though by his mistress Jeannette d'Aisy Philip had two illegitimate children - Lancelot (who was granted Longueville as a gift in 1371 by his uncle
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Henry of Lancaster arrived in the Contentin 1 June 1356 bringing with him some 1300 men. To this Philip added 300 of his own retainers. They were also joined by
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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in a campaign against the routier garrisons around Bayeux and Caen. Towards the end of this campaign Philip caught a chill and died August 1363.
388:. Before Philip could arrive the mood of the city had completely turned against the King of Navarre who had been forced to barricade himself in
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Christmas 1353 he followed his brother Charles to Paris where they intended to pick a quarrel. On arrival they exchanged insults with
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possession. Philip also became embroiled in another dispute with the English government. When the heirless Norman nobleman
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on 3 July only to find that the place had just fallen to the French. Driving off a small French army outside the walls of
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to Normandy. On 28 May Philip formally renounced his homage to the King of France and declared war on his former liege.
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on 22 June. They were too late to save Evereux, but arrived in time to relieve and reinforce the Navarrese garrison at
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bringing with him 800 men from the English garrisons in Brittany. The small but all mounted army rode out from
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420:In 1360 England and France concluded the
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361:Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte
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254:'s planned invasion of
191:John, Count of Harcourt
108:For more guidance, see
1094:Sons of queens regnant
1054:. Palgrave Macmillan.
900:Robert II of Burgundy
742:Philip of Longueville
384:and Philip's marshal
281:they went to capture
209:Alliance with England
152:Charles II of Navarre
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128:Charles II of Navarre
110:Knowledge:Translation
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433:Bertrand du Guesclin
780:Philip IV of France
716:Blanche of Brittany
399:Porte Saint-Antoine
367:Revolution in Paris
357:Godfrey of Harcourt
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