1260:
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49:
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1372:, ordering the reprinting of books banned during the reign of his uncle. Reversing his uncle's policies again, Philippe formed an alliance with Great Britain, Austria, and the Netherlands, and fought a successful war against Spain that established the conditions of a European peace. During this time he opened up diplomatic channels with Russia which resulted in a state visit by Tsar
1588:. The last of this triple alliance was Philippine Élisabeth who never married Charles; the marriage, though never officially carried out was annulled; the French sent back Mariana Victoria and in retaliation, Louise Élisabeth and Philippine Élisabeth were sent back to France. Franco-Spanish relations only recovered in 1743 when Louis XV's son
1095:, held that place, on the contention that his renunciation in 1700 was constitutionally invalid. The deaths within three years of the Dauphin, two of his three sons, his daughter-in-law and the little Duke of Brittany led to widespread rumours that Orléans had poisoned them all to gain the throne. In fact, the Dauphin died of
3097:
940:. Philippe had died at Saint-Cloud after an argument with Louis XIV at Marly about Chartres' flaunting his pregnant mistress, Marie-Louise de Séry, before Françoise Marie. It has also been claimed that Philippe became so infuriated with Louis for not paying his daughter's dowry that he suffered a stroke.
1603:
where the young king wanted to reside. The decision had been taken by the Duke of Orléans who, after the fall of Law's System, was feeling the loss of his personal popularity in Paris. Philippe took the apartments of his cousin the late
Dauphin on the first floor of the Palace; the King's apartments
1228:
He sent for the
Chancellor and wrote a last codicil to his will, in the presence of Mme de Maintenon. He was yielding, out of sheer fatigue, to his wife and confessor, probably with the reservation that his extraordinary action would be set aside after his death, like the will itself. Otherwise he
1614:
In
December 1722, the Regent lost his mother to whom he had always been close; the Dowager Duchess of Orléans died at Saint-Cloud at the age of seventy, with her son at her side, but he did not attend her funeral service because he had been called away on official business. Philippe was greatly
1242:
You will find nothing in my will that should displease you. I commend the
Dauphin to you, serve him as loyally as you have served me. Do your utmost to preserve his realm. If he were to die, you would be the master. I have made what I believed to be the wisest and fairest arrangements for the
1211:
Mme de
Maintenon would have preferred Philip V to be Regent and the duc du Maine to be Lieutenant Général and consequently in control. Fearing a revival of the war, Louis named the duc d'Orléans joint President of a Regency Council, but one that would be packed with his enemies, reaching its
915:
There were contemporary rumors of an incestuous relationship between the duke and his daughter, Marie Louise
Elisabeth of Berry. These rumors were never confirmed, although the duke reacted to them by demonstrating affectionate behavior towards her at court. The rumors were also used by the
1231:
By this arrangement they became the sole masters of the person and residence of the King; of Paris ... and all the internal and external guard; of the entire service ... so much so that the Regent did not have even the shadow of the slightest authority and found himself at their
689:
Next, collaborating to link physics and music, Sauveur and Loulié demonstrated vibrating strings and the
Galilean pendulum, and how the mathematical principles on which these devices depend are related to music. Finally, in 1693 the prince studied composition with
508:
just before entering France, was popular at court upon her arrival in 1671. In 1673 the Duke and
Duchess had a son named Alexandre Louis, another short-lived Duke of Valois. The next year, the Duchess gave birth to Philippe Charles, the future Regent. A daughter,
861:
for the bridegroom's parents. Upon hearing that her son had agreed to the marriage, Philippe's mother slapped his face in full view of the court and turned her back on the king as he bowed to her. Nonetheless, on 18 February 1692, the cousins were married.
658:
the "principles" or "elements" of a subject. Some of the best historians, genealogists, scientists and artists in the kingdom participated in this educational experiment, which started around 1689. For example, Philippe learned physics and mathematics from
338:
1527:, and the Duke of Orléans had been negotiating the project of three Franco-Spanish marriages in order to cement tense relations between Spain and France. The young Louis XV of France would marry the three-year-old
651:, his preceptor. Dubois had entered Philippe's household in 1683 as his "under-preceptor". Philippe's education was carried out by the respected instructor Nicholas-François Parisot de Saint-Laurent until 1687.
1325:
1070:; he was a son of the Dauphin and thus outranked Philippe and his wife; this meant that Louise Élisabeth took precedence over her parents. The Berry couple would have no children that lived more than a year.
2612:
At the time of
Philippe's birth, the Palais-Royal was only occupied by the Dukes of Orléans as a grace and favour residence; it was later given to Philippe when he married Louis XIV's illegitimate daughter
1494:, the latter's wife. In 1718, the Cellamare conspiracy was discovered and its participants exiled. Two years later its aims were revived in the Pontcallec conspiracy, four leaders of which were executed.
5458:
1259:
1229:
would have been deliberately condemning his kingdom to perpetual strife, for the codicil appointed the duc du Maine commander of the civil and military
Household, with Villeroy as his second-in-command.
811:
1629:
The regent died in Versailles on 2 December 1723 in the arms of his mistress the duchesse de Falari. Louis XV mourned him greatly. The Duke of Bourbon took on the role of Prime Minister of France.
1622:
of the king, which was declared on 15 February 1723, the Duke stepped down as regent. At the death of Cardinal Dubois on 10 August of that year, the young king offered the Duke the position of
1490:, the first minister of Spain. It was directed in France by the Prince of Cellamare, the Spanish ambassador, with the complicity of the Duchess of Orléans' older brother, the duc du Maine, and
5906:
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At first, he decreased taxation and dismissed 25,000 soldiers. But the inquisitorial measures which he had begun against the financiers led to disturbances, notably in the province of
48:
1318:
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at the age of forty-nine and the title passed to his son, who died in 1712. Until his death in 1723, Orléans was generally considered to be first in line to the throne, although
1550:
1212:
decisions by a majority vote that was bound to go against him. The real power would be in the hands of the duc du Maine, who was also appointed guardian of the young sovereign.
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616:
The Duke of Chartres grew up at his father's "private" court at Saint-Cloud and in Paris at the Palais-Royal, the Parisian residence of the Orléans family until the arrest of
4015:
1697:
881:, and, as a result, had been sent into exile, but he was recalled for the wedding of Françoise-Marie and the Duke of Chartres. After the ceremony, a banquet was given in the
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Louis XIV died at Versailles on 1 September 1715, and was succeeded by his five-year-old great-grandson, Louis XV. On 2 September, the Duke of Orléans went to meet the
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1044:, eldest daughter of Philippe's half sister Anne Marie. The match was negotiated as part of the Treaty of Turin, which ended Franco-Savoyard conflict during the
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in Paris in order to have Louis XIV's will annulled and his previous right to the regency restored. After a break that followed a much-heated session, the
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well-being of the realm, but, since one cannot anticipate everything, if there is something to change or to reform, you will do whatever you see fit...
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In November 1721, at the age of twelve, Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans was married by proxy in Paris, Louise Élisabeth and her younger sister left for
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On 3 December, the Duke of Orléans' body was taken to Saint-Cloud where funeral ceremonies began the following day. His heart was taken to the
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Relation de l'empire de Maroc. Oú l'on voit la situation du pays, Les mœurs, les Coûtumes, Religion, gouvernement et Politique des Habitans...
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602:
510:
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1554:
497:
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3454:
1749:
947:; his wife came to prefer living quietly at Saint-Cloud, the Palais-Royal, or her house at Bagnolet. His most famous mistress was arguably
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The young couple, mismatched from the start, never grew to like each other, and soon the young Philippe gave his wife the nickname of
742:
481:. Madame Henriette died at Saint-Cloud in 1670; rumors abounded that she had been poisoned by her husband or his long-term lover, the
1755:
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260:
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3551:
3510:
2576:
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1501:
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729:, at the French court. Chartres was put on a stage with his uncle, cousin and father. On 2 June 1686 Chartres was invested with the
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4091:
1432:, a disastrous crisis for the public and private affairs of France. It was an early example of the bursting of an economic bubble.
597:
in Paris, making Philippe the new heir to the House of Orléans; the future heirs of the family would be known as Duke of Chartres (
877:. In 1685, the Cardinal de Bouillon had refused to take part in the marriage of the Duke of Bourbon and Françoise Marie's sister,
579:. As the second living son of his parents, his birth was not greeted with the enthusiasm the Duke of Valois had received in 1673.
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There existed a party of malcontents who wished to transfer the regency from Orléans to his cousin, the young king's uncle, King
1281:
1237:
The evening of 25 August, Louis XIV had a private audience with the Duke of Orléans, his nephew and son-in-law, re-assuring him:
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in Paris where he lived until his return to Versailles in June 1722. The regent governed from his Parisian residence, the
1198:
1059:
In 1705, he became Grandmaster of the Ordre du Temple, reforming the Statutes, and bring the Order into semi-public view.
836:
816:
792:
738:
440:
424:) (1715–1723). The Regency came to an end in February 1723, and the Duke of Orléans died at Versailles in December.
388:
285:
211:
1584:, the stepmother of her husband, she married Louis of Spain on 20 January 1722 at Lerma. Her dowry was of 4 million
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later that evening, the exiled Queen of England had the honour of handing the new Duchess of Chartres her bed clothes.
280:
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2639:
Patricia M. Ranum, "Étienne Loulié (1654-1702), musicien de Mademoiselle de Guise, pédagogue et théoricien", (part 1)
436:
372:
5365:
5360:
5121:
5026:
1862:, dite comtesse d'Argenton or madame d'Argenton or mademoiselle de Séry (1684–1748), a lady of noble family, who was
1107:
seems to have at least half-believed them. Only in Orléans' last years did the obvious affection between himself and
590:, his own father, and his older brother. When Philippe was born, his uncle Louis XIV was at the height of his power.
350:(Philippe Charles; 2 August 1674 – 2 December 1723), was a French prince, soldier, and statesman who served as
803:, a major step in the consolidation of Spain under the Bourbons (1707), where he achieved some important successes.
5916:
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5708:
5577:
5535:
5492:
5405:
5355:
5245:
4566:
4493:
4340:
4207:
4096:
3732:
3660:
3541:
3536:
2522:
1689:, one of the finest collections of paintings ever made by a non-monarch, which was mostly sold in London after the
1286:
703:
474:
450:
5783:
3047:
2716:
Potemkin och Katarina den stora- en kejserlig förbindelse (Potemkin and Catherine the Great – an Imperial liaison)
1696:
As Grandmaster and reformer of the Ordre du Temple, he left a legacy of Templarism that exists to this day as the
5871:
5778:
4801:
4633:
3905:
2336:
1528:
641:
559:
545:
165:
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1163:(1646–1720), a nobleman who was delegated the diplomatic position of liaison officer to the Persian delegation.
5881:
5640:
5629:
5209:
5126:
3967:
3232:
966:
951:, who was his main mistress during almost the entire regency, with other high profile affairs being those with
761:, Chartres would similarly demonstrate military prowess. He had his first experience of battle at the siege of
730:
721:, then just ten years old, made his first public appearance at Versailles; the occasion was the arrival of the
691:
605:(1676–1744), future Duchess and regent of Lorraine. Élisabeth Charlotte and Philippe would always remain close.
93:
4849:
3727:
831:
in Europe rendered a significant marriage with a foreign princess unlikely, or so Louis XIV told his brother,
667:
he learned musical notation, elementary musical theory, plus the basics of playing the viol and the recorder.
5613:
5583:
5565:
4765:
4745:
4544:
4528:
4368:
4155:
3884:
3814:
1904:
1354:
754:
291:
2494:(Baltimore, 2004), pp. 324–27 (where Philippe is attributed the number "III", as some genealogies do.)
1657:. The chapel was completed as the Orléans family royal Chapel during the reign of his great-great-grandson
453:. The marriage was stormy; Henrietta was a famed beauty, sometimes depicted as flirtatious by those at the
5607:
5553:
5067:
4826:
4424:
1846:
1443:
for £135,000 the world's largest known diamond, a 141 carat (28.2 g) cushion brilliant, for the
937:
758:
54:
3022:
1607:
On 25 October of that year, the twelve-year-old Louis XV was anointed King of France in the cathedral of
617:
5703:
5658:
5619:
5541:
4844:
4638:
4620:
4488:
2441:, Librairie Arthème Fayard, Paris 1965, reprinted by Librairie Académique Perrin, Paris, 1978, (French).
1850:
1566:
1417:
1350:
abrogated the recent codicil to Louis XIV's will and confirmed the Duke of Orléans as regent of France.
770:
766:
482:
384:. Born at his father's palace at Saint-Cloud, he was known from birth by the title of Duke of Chartres.
5300:
4750:
3742:
1866:
to the Dowager Duchess of Orléans, daughter of Daniel Le Bel de La Bussière and wife Anne de Masparant:
1686:
3315:
1547:
who was the fifth surviving daughter of Philippe. Only one of these marriages actually ever occurred.
1403:
condemnation, was accepted by the French bishops, and he revoked Louis XIV's compliance with the bull
1156:
for the mission and travelled with a grand entourage, as suitable to the diplomat of a mighty empire.
5816:
5811:
5595:
5547:
5390:
4709:
4625:
4445:
4300:
4126:
3783:
3624:
2526:
1974:
1816:
1789:
1600:
1540:
1504:, caused war to be declared against Spain, with the support of Austria, England and the Netherlands (
1462:
1421:
975:
870:
866:
664:
554:
549:
535:
458:
197:
185:
5484:
1638:
church in Paris and his body to the Basilica of Saint Denis, (about 10 km north of Paris), the
5623:
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4816:
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3920:
3485:
3290:
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3181:
3131:
2068:
2006:
1704:
1608:
1444:
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1172:
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1025:
998:
994:
929:
890:
820:
714:
the elder. Meanwhile, he was studying diplomacy and riding, as preparations for a military career.
583:
514:
400:
307:
1811:
Philippe also had several illegitimate children with several women, four of whom he acknowledged.
5601:
5375:
5220:
4821:
4055:
4037:
3694:
3008:
Mʹemoirs complets et authentiques du duc de Saint-Simon sur le siècle du Louis XIV et la rʹegence
2915:
2892:
1948:
1884:
1581:
1471:
1429:
1115:
971:
625:
5691:
5663:
5341:
3177:
1114:
In his will, Louis XIV appointed Orléans president of the council of regency for the young king
1045:
854:
39:
5750:
4550:
4373:
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3006:
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2582:
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1690:
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1483:
1373:
1137:
1082:
800:
711:
675:
621:
478:
355:
234:
169:
916:
opposition during his period as regent, and were the inspiration of libelous songs and poems
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5230:
5225:
4898:
4609:
4166:
4024:
3982:
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3683:
3404:
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3208:
3139:
3102:
2777:
Les maitresses du régent; études d'histoire et de mœurs sur le commencement du xviiie siècle
1896:
1779:
1570:
1497:
1475:
1358:
944:
898:
774:
648:
572:
124:
62:
2448:, translated from the French by Stephen Cox, Praeger Publishers, New York, 1970, (English).
1649:, the necropolis of all the members of the Orléans family, built in 1816 by his descendant
1183:, which "entitled them to inherit the crown if the legitimate lines became extinct". Thus,
4263:
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3185:
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1863:
1665:
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1159:
The scene of the Persian ambassador's entry into Paris, 7 February 1715, was described by
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679:
414:
359:
17:
2738:
2731:
1634:
5178:
2460:
601:) for the next century. The distraught mother of Philippe was pregnant at the time with
5285:
5275:
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3700:
2873:, translated from the French by Stephen Cox, Praeger Publishers, New York, 1970, p. 363
2497:
1875:
1623:
1532:
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1217:
1203:
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1002:
989:
894:
886:
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564:
525:
5805:
4171:
3116:
2911:
2888:
2647:, 26 (1988-90), especially pp. 5-10, on the prince's subsequent protection of Loulié.
1723:
1585:
1561:
In March 1721, the Infanta Mariana Victoria arrived in Paris amid much joy. Known as
1153:
925:
924:
On the death of his father in June 1701, Philippe inherited the Dukedoms of Orléans,
762:
722:
568:
from birth, as well as the right to be seated in an armchair in the king's presence.
531:
501:
454:
2856:. his brother, Louis-Marie Pidou de Saint-Olon (1637–1717), became French consul in
2565:
2483:
1467:
1015:, Philippe did not change his style; nor did his son or other heirs make use of the
1820:
1020:
849:
828:
698:, performed at his residence in 1694; and in 1705 the prince wrote a second opera,
594:
5008:
4972:
4811:
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1838:
1715:
1440:
1384:
505:
5168:
Philip was the first Bourbon king of Spain, the country's present ruling house.
765:
in 1691, the year before his marriage. He fought with great distinction at the
485:; the two would remain together till the death of the Duke of Orléans in 1701.
5674:
4952:
4924:
4245:
4076:
3941:
3722:
3092:
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1736:
Marie Isabelle d'Orléans (17 December 1693 – 17 October 1694) died in infancy.
1639:
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1405:
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1369:
1221:
1127:
1078:
647:
A program of how best to educate a prince was drawn up exclusively for him by
420:
69:
1353:
On 30 December 1715, the regent decided to bring the young Louis XV from the
795:. He was next given a command in Italy (1706) and gained much credit for the
5370:
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4279:
4217:
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3757:
2643:, 25 (1987), especially pp. 67-75, on the prince's education; and (part 2),
1719:
1619:
1396:
1104:
529:
The 10-year-old Duke of Chartres in red on the right; the scene depicts the
396:
1599:
On 15 June 1722, Louis XV and the court left the Tuileries Palace for the
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1413:
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409:
404:
368:
86:
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The previous day there had been a formal engagement party at Versailles.
2630:(Paris, 1862), especially pp. 5-11, 185-205, for the prince's education.
1580:. Despite a cold reception from the Spanish royal family, especially by
5529:
5153:
2857:
2849:
1611:. At the end of the ceremony, he threw himself in the arms of Orléans.
1565:(Queen-Infanta) while in France, she was placed in the care of the old
1368:
Philippe disapproved of the hypocrisy of Louis XIV's reign and opposed
1149:
1145:
1141:
1100:
302:
4971:
Louis had no children; he died aged 10 in 1795. His uncle, the future
1557:, Philippe's mother to whom he would always be close, by Rigaud (1722)
1111:, and the young King's robust health, cause the rumours to die away.
3259:
1752:(13 August 1698 – 10 February 1743) Abbess of Chelles died unmarried.
1626:, and he remained in that office until his death a few months later.
1577:
1517:
1074:
628:, Duchess of Bouillon, part of Philippe's father's libertine circle.
407:, his great-nephew and first cousin twice removed, the period of his
351:
3652:
2818:
2799:
1087:
5310:
3993:
678:; Saint-Simon often accompanied the duke, and his wife was later a
1646:
1549:
1466:
1388:
1216:
On 25 August 1715, a few days before his death, Louis XIV added a
1132:
Months before the death of Louis XIV, Philippe was present at the
965:
844:
810:
635:
607:
524:
445:
377:
835:, when persuading him to accept the king's legitimised daughter,
1400:
707:
674:, later famous for his memoirs and defense of the rights of the
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During a hiatus between military assignments, Chartres studied
3434:
Ferdinand Philippe, Prince Royal of France and Duke of Orléans
2800:"Origins of Masonic Templarism in the French Ordre du Temple"
1420:
unfolded. He countenanced the risky operations of the banker
1179:, Louis XIV elevated his legitimised children to the rank of
1103:, but they did great damage to Orléans' reputation, and even
548:, some ten kilometers west of Paris. As the grandson of King
5673:
5457:
1853:, legitimized in 1706 (Paris, 1698 – Paris, 1764, bur Paris)
1828:
N, bâtarde d'Orléans (c. 1688 – ), married Henri de Charency
1439:, the Regent persuaded the Regency Council to purchase from
1140:
was a high-ranking official to the Persian governor of the
4975:, proclaimed himself regent but both titles were disputed.
1099:, the Duc de Berry in a riding accident and the others of
733:
at Versailles; on the same day his future brother-in-law,
593:
In 1676, his older brother the Duke of Valois died at the
3486:
Gaston, Prince Imperial Consort of Brazil and Count of Eu
2961:
Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds
2819:"Succession 1307-1804 Re-Examining the Larmenius Charter"
1048:. The couple were the parents of two dauphins of France,
912:. In spite of this, they had eight children (see below).
769:
on 3 August 1692. In the same year he also served at the
2823:
Templar Succession: Establishing Continuity 1307-Present
2804:
Templar Succession: Establishing Continuity 1307-Present
4102:
Henrietta Maria, Queen of England, Ireland and Scotland
2964:
1535:
would marry the fourth surviving daughter of Philippe,
1062:
In 1710, his eldest (and favourite) surviving daughter
4198:Élisabeth Marguerite, Duchess of Alençon and Angoulême
4160:
Gabrielle Angelique, Duchess of La Valette and Epernon
1860:
Marie-Louise Madeleine Victorine Le Bel de La Bussière
2691:
2689:
2487:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1997, (English).
1500:, formerly tutor to the Duke of Orléans, and now his
1033:
preferred to be known at court by their ducal title.
905:
had not been invited to the wedding of her daughter.
500:. The new Duchess of Orléans, who had converted from
461:. Nonetheless, the marriage produced three children:
1486:. A conspiracy was formed, under the inspiration of
865:
The lavish ceremony took place in the chapel of the
624:. The Palais-Royal was frequented by, among others,
5771:
5684:
5522:
5468:
5348:
5108:
5076:
5060:
5019:
4963:
4907:
4891:
4835:
4779:
4718:
4702:
4585:
4537:
4479:
4438:
4417:
4359:
4293:
4272:
4256:
4180:
4135:
4110:
4069:
4048:
3960:
3929:
3893:
3872:
3834:
3807:
3776:
3750:
3715:
3612:
3596:
3565:
3519:
3468:
3426:
3397:
3380:
3363:
3346:
3323:
3297:
3074:
Unruly daughters; a romance of the house of Orléans
1698:
Sovereign Military Order of the Temple of Jerusalem
1435:On 6 June 1717, under the influence of Law and the
853:with his daughter's hand (not to be paid until the
488:In the following year, the Duke of Orléans married
333:
323:
313:
301:
233:
205:
192:
175:
150:
146:
130:
118:
110:
92:
82:
68:
61:
32:
2959:Subject of the first section of Charles Mackay's "
2730:
2564:
2478:, Librairie Arthème Fayard, Paris, 1986, (French).
1664:The Cellamare conspiracy is the subject of one of
1019:style, which had been so long associated with the
5516:Counts/Countesses and Dukes/Duchesses of Chartres
2542:Brother to the Sun king:Philippe, Duke of Orléans
2427:, Librairie Arthème Fayard, Paris, 1989 (French).
694:. With Charpentier's help, he composed an opera,
403:. Named regent of France during the minority of
276:Philippine Élisabeth, Mademoiselle de Beaujolais
2950:, Librairie Arthème Fayard, Paris, 1989, p. 43.
1645:The heart of the Duke of Orléans is now at the
819:, youngest daughter of Madame de Montespan, by
757:and during the decisive French victory against
3049:Le chateau d'eu: notices historiques, Volume 4
1520:, Philip V made peace with the regent (1720).
1201:following all of the legitimate, acknowledged
799:. Later he went to Spain and took part in the
753:His father gained military distinction in the
490:Princess Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
5500:
5326:
5194:
4430:Françoise d'Aubigné, Marchioness of Maintenon
4009:
3668:
3275:
2683:, Criterion, Paris, 1991, p. 74-78, (French).
2504:, Thames and Hudson, London, 1979, (English).
2455:, Hutchison & Co, London, 1905, (English)
1569:, Philippe's sister in law, and lived in the
1319:
1001:. Philippe was thus entitled to the style of
8:
3411:Prince Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier
2664:
2662:
2502:Phillippe, Duke of Orléans: Regent of France
1788:(18 December 1714 – 21 May 1734) engaged to
1758:(22 October 1700 – 19 January 1761) married
1171:On 29 July 1714, upon the insistence of his
843:), as wife for Philippe. The king offered a
5907:People of the Regency of Philippe d'Orléans
4193:Marguerite Louise, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
2628:L'Abbé Dubois, premier ministre de Louis XV
1798:(27 June 1716 – 26 September 1736) married
1531:who would thus become Queen of France; the
791:In the next century, he would serve in the
737:, also joined the order as did his cousins
544:Philippe Charles d'Orléans was born at the
387:In 1692, Philippe married his first cousin
5507:
5493:
5485:
5333:
5319:
5311:
5201:
5187:
5179:
5057:
5044:
5016:
5003:
4960:
4947:
4888:
4875:
4710:Maria Carolina Sophia Felicity Leszczyńska
4699:
4686:
4414:
4401:
4253:
4240:
4045:
4032:
4016:
4002:
3994:
3675:
3661:
3653:
3282:
3268:
3260:
3250:
3122:
1929:
1920:
1778:(11 December 1709 – 16 June 1742) married
1768:(4 August 1703 – 4 February 1752) married
1516:, in Spain, and of the imperial troops in
1326:
1312:
1247:
889:in attendance. Guests included the exiled
47:
29:
4188:Anne Marie Louise, Duchess of Montpensier
3692:The first generation are the children of
3417:Prince Louis Charles, Count of Beaujolais
2860:under the terms of the commercial treaty.
2567:Philippe, Duc d'Orléans: Regent of France
2536:
2534:
2492:Portraits around Marc-Antoine Charpentier
2484:Philippe, Duc d'Orléans: Regent of France
2471:, Editions Ramsay, Paris, 1985, (French).
2464:, André Deutsch, London, 1961, (English).
1924:Ancestors of Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
1872:Jean Philippe, dit le Chevalier d'Orléans
1036:In December 1697, the son of the Dauphin
887:princes and princesses of the blood royal
706:. In the late 1690s Chartres studied the
620:(his grandson) in April 1793, during the
106:10 August 1723 – 2 December 1723
4644:Maria Teresa Rafaela, Dauphine of France
4514:Louise Marie Anne, Mademoiselle de Tours
4351:Élisabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Lorraine
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
1742:(20 August 1695 – 21 July 1719) married
1447:. The diamond was known from then on as
1300:Élisabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Lorraine
358:from 1715 to 1723. He is referred to in
5857:Burials at the Chapelle royale de Dreux
5101:Marie Thérèse, Mademoiselle d'Angoulême
4572:Louise Françoise, Mademoiselle du Maine
3952:Prince Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry
3947:Prince Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême
3794:Prince Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
3331:Prince Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
2852:, of which he published a description,
2709:
2707:
2521:The grandson of Philippe's half-sister
2514:
1878:, 28 August 1702 – Paris, 16 June 1748)
1250:
382:Elisabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Orléans
5892:Heirs presumptive to the French throne
5852:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
5122:Louise Marie Thérèse, Duchess of Parma
4148:Catherine Henriette, Duchess of Elbeuf
3789:Prince Philippe Charles, Duke of Anjou
3630:Prince Charles Philippe, Duke of Anjou
3052:. Félix Malteste & Co. p. 438
2290:
2170:
2166:
2156:
2048:
1938:
1934:
1642:of the French kings and their family.
943:Throughout his life Philippe had many
773:. The following year he served at the
735:Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, Duc du Maine
5897:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain
5210:Chief ministers to the French Monarch
4787:Princess Marie Therèse, Madame Royale
4461:Princess Marie Therèse, Madame Royale
4316:Princess Marie Therèse, Madame Royale
4203:Françoise Madeleine, Duchess of Savoy
3532:Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Montpensier
2848:He had been the French ambassador in
2571:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
2525:and of his cousin and brother-in-law
2366:
2356:
2352:
2340:
2334:
2324:
2308:
2298:
2294:
2278:
2275:Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
2272:
2262:
2246:
2236:
2232:
2220:
2214:
2204:
2188:
2178:
2174:
2150:
2140:
2124:
2114:
2110:
2098:
2092:
2082:
2066:
2056:
2052:
2036:
2030:
2020:
2004:
1994:
1990:
1978:
1972:
1962:
1946:
1942:
1594:Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain
498:Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
391:, the youngest legitimised daughter (
328:Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
7:
4899:Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria
4577:Louis Jean Marie, Duke of Penthièvre
4509:Louise Françoise, Duchess of Bourbon
4167:Jeanne Baptiste, Abess of Fontevraud
2788:ib. Spanheim, Ézéchiel, pp. 104-105.
2369:Amalie Elisabeth of Hanau-Münzenberg
2311:William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
1907:(1700 – Paris, 15 October 1785, bur
1837:, dite la Florence, a dancer at the
1760:Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena
1659:Louis-Philippe I, King of the French
672:Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon
4915:Marie-Thérèse, Duchess of Angoulême
4669:Louis Alexandre, Prince of Lamballe
4654:Maria Antonietta, Queen of Sardinia
4634:Mariana Víctoria, Queen of Portugal
4519:Françoise Marie, Duchess of Orléans
4264:Infanta Ana Maria Mauricia of Spain
4117:Henri, Duke of Beaumont (1551–1553)
3460:Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
2817:Clausen, Daniel J. (January 2021).
2434:, CRITERION, Paris, 1991, (French).
869:. The service was conducted by the
5647:Louis of Valois, Count of Chartres
4751:Marie Adélaïde, Duchess of Louvois
4726:Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Parma
4524:Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse
3768:Prince Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois
3620:Prince François, Count of Clermont
3449:Prince Charles, Duke of Penthièvre
3388:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
1703:He promoted education, making the
1592:married Mariana Victoria's sister
1197:were officially inserted into the
261:Charlotte Aglaé, Duchess of Modena
251:Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Berry
27:Regent of France from 1715 to 1723
25:
5523:Counts and countesses of Chartres
5027:Princess Marie Joséphine of Savoy
4346:Philippe Charles, Duke of Orléans
4172:Marie Henriette, Abess of Chelles
4120:Louis, Count of Marle (1555–1557)
3496:Prince Pierre, Duke of Penthièvre
3491:Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon
3371:Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
3077:. Hutchinson & Co. p. 10
2669:The Unruly Daughter of the Regent
2589:– via the Internet Archive.
2217:Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
1891:(1682–1753), an actress with the
1770:Margravine Johanna of Baden-Baden
727:Francesco Maria Imperiale Lercari
494:Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
154:Philippe Charles, duc de Chartres
5299:
5097:Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry
5084:Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême
4664:Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Alençon
4336:Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
3906:Prince Xavier, Duke of Aquitaine
3741:
3552:Prince Alfonso, Duke of Galliera
3547:Prince Emmanuel, Duke of Vendôme
3527:Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans
3511:Prince Antonio, Duke of Galliera
3314:
3109:
3095:
1766:Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans
1744:Charles of France, Duke of Berry
1740:Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
1651:Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon
1615:affected by his mother's death.
1492:Anne Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon
1282:Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
1258:
1042:Princess Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy
961:Marie-Thérèse Blonel de Phalaris
654:Each course of study taught the
471:Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
449:at court; she was the sister of
373:Philippe I, Duke of Orleans
337:
5685:Dukes and duchesses of Chartres
4920:Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France
4854:Philippe, Duke of Narbonne-Lara
4562:Louis Auguste, Prince of Dombes
4466:Philippe Charles, Duke of Anjou
4321:Philippe Charles, Duke of Anjou
4152:Alexandre, Chevalier de Vendôme
3968:Prince Henri, Count of Chambord
3937:Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France
3698:; these males held the rank of
3578:Prince Álvaro, Duke of Galliera
3481:Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres
3476:Prince Philippe, Count of Paris
3023:"French History in New Orleans"
2714:Simon Sebac Montefiore (2005).
1543:would be engaged to the pretty
1508:). After some successes of the
1416:where a rebellion known as the
1391:, and was a gifted painter and
1291:Alexandre Louis, Duke of Valois
827:Constant wars with many of the
743:François Louis, Prince de Conti
413:rule was known as the Regency (
281:Louise Diane, Princess of Conti
223:
4850:Agathe Louise de Saint-Antoine
4127:Catherine, Duchess of Lorraine
4092:Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans
3901:Prince Louis, Duke of Burgundy
3885:Prince Philippe, Duke of Anjou
3842:Prince Louis, Duke of Brittany
3728:Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans
3643:never styled Prince of Orléans
3405:Louis Philippe I of the French
3194:9 June 1701 – 2 December 1723
2910:. Translated by Cox, Stephen.
2887:. Translated by Cox, Stephen.
1786:Philippine Élisabeth d'Orléans
1653:, Duchess of Orléans, wife of
1545:Philippine Élisabeth d'Orléans
936:, as well as the princedom of
670:Chartres was reared alongside
577:Monseigneur le Duc de Chartres
575:and was formally addressed as
1:
4984:Bourbon Restoration in France
4858:Louis, comte de Narbonne-Lara
4489:Marie Anne, Princess of Conti
4471:Louis François, Duke of Anjou
4425:Infanta María Teresa of Spain
4341:Anne Marie, Queen of Sardinia
4326:Louis François, Duke of Anjou
3826:Prince Charles, Duke of Berry
3444:François, Prince of Joinville
3439:Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours
3127:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
2603:, Anchor Books, 2006, p. 134.
2191:Frederick V, Elector Palatine
1905:Philippe Angélique de Froissy
1707:tuition-free and opening the
1287:Anne Marie, Queen of Sardinia
1199:line of hereditary succession
1148:). He had been chosen by the
1073:In 1711, the Dauphin died at
793:War of the Spanish Succession
603:Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
441:Princess Henrietta of England
5842:18th-century peers of France
5827:17th-century peers of France
4822:Clothilde, Queen of Sardinia
4529:Louise, Baroness of La Queue
4499:Louis Auguste, Duke of Maine
4331:Marie Louise, Queen of Spain
3799:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
3604:Prince Henri, Count of Paris
3573:Prince Henri, Count of Paris
3455:Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale
3337:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
3243:Louis Henri, Prince de Condé
3071:Williams, Hugh Noel (1913).
2976:Nouvelle biographie générale
2153:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
1909:Église Saint-Eustache, Paris
1523:From the beginning of 1721,
1277:Marie Louise, Queen of Spain
1192:Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon,
1161:François Pidou de Saint-Olon
1134:Persian embassy to Louis XIV
582:Philippe was born fourth in
571:At his birth, he was titled
348:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
137:Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon
5912:Princes of France (Bourbon)
5832:18th-century art collectors
5154:Infante or Infanta of Spain
4771:Princess Louise (1737–1787)
4736:Princess Louise (1728–1733)
4504:Louis César, Count of Vexin
4213:Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois
4087:Christine, Duchess of Savoy
3763:Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
3625:Prince Jean, Count of Paris
3305:Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
2963:", which is available from
2906:Erlanger, Philippe (1970).
2883:Erlanger, Philippe (1970).
2774:Lescure, M. de (Mathurin):
2474:Petitfils, Jean-Christian,
2033:Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
1746:and had no surviving issue.
875:House of La Tour d'Auvergne
558:. This entitled him to the
473:, who died in infancy; and
439:, married his first cousin
437:Philippe I, Duke of Orleans
256:Adélaïde, Abbess of Chelles
5933:
5837:18th-century French people
5822:17th-century French people
5636:John of Valois (1302-1310)
4761:Sophie, Duchess of Louvois
4567:Louis Charles, Count of Eu
4494:Louis, Count of Vermandois
3542:Prince Jean, Duke of Guise
3312:
2937:ib. Dufresne, pp. 123-126.
2718:(in Swedish). p. 237.
2698:Solkonungen (The Sun King)
2563:Pevitt, Christine (1997).
2284:
2168:
2042:
1936:
1776:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
1537:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
1460:
1344:Grand-Chambre du Parlement
1185:Louis-Auguste de Bourbon,
1125:
1064:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
1011:being higher than that of
857:was over), as well as the
837:Françoise Marie de Bourbon
817:Françoise Marie de Bourbon
777:; he fought alongside the
739:Louis III, prince de Condé
684:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
451:King Charles II of England
389:Françoise Marie de Bourbon
240:
212:Françoise Marie de Bourbon
18:Philip II, Duke of Orléans
5671:
5455:
5297:
5216:
5143:
5115:Princess Louise Élisabeth
5056:
5043:
5015:
5002:
4959:
4946:
4887:
4874:
4802:Xavier, Duke of Aquitaine
4698:
4685:
4413:
4400:
4285:Philippe, Duke of Orléans
4252:
4239:
4223:Philippe, Duke of Orléans
4082:Elisabeth, Queen of Spain
4044:
4031:
3976:
3857:Louis, Prince of Asturias
3739:
3690:
3638:
3239:
3230:
3226:Cardinal Guillaume Dubois
3222:
3217:
3206:
3196:
3175:
3167:
3160:
3125:
3005:Chéruel, Adolphe (1858).
2354:
2346:
2337:Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
2318:
2296:
2292:
2256:
2234:
2226:
2198:
2176:
2172:
2134:
2112:
2104:
2076:
2054:
2050:
2014:
1992:
1984:
1956:
1940:
1800:Louis François de Bourbon
1756:Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans
1750:Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans
1567:Dowager Princess of Conti
1295:Philippe, Duke of Orléans
1066:married her first cousin
949:Marie-Thérèse de Parabère
318:Philippe I, duc d'Orléans
271:Élisabeth, Queen of Spain
142:
99:
46:
37:
5772:Duke as a courtesy title
5127:Henri, Count of Chambord
4792:Princess Marie Zéphyrine
4741:Louis, Dauphin of France
4659:Charles, Duke of Alençon
4446:Louis, Dauphin of France
4301:Louis, Dauphin of France
3880:Louis, Dauphin of France
3847:Louis, Dauphin of France
3815:Louis, Dauphin of France
3784:Louis, Dauphin of France
3354:Louis I, Duke of Orléans
3233:Prime Minister of France
1849:, dit l'Abbé d'Orléans,
1674:Le Chevalier d'Harmental
1647:Chapelle Royale de Dreux
1529:Infanta Mariana Victoria
1052:, who died in 1712, and
731:Order of the Holy Spirit
692:Marc-Antoine Charpentier
682:to Philippe's daughter,
588:Louis, Dauphin of France
5902:People from Saint-Cloud
5779:Charles-Louis d'Orléans
4797:Louis, Duke of Burgundy
4746:Philippe, Duke of Anjou
4649:Luis, Count of Chinchón
4600:Louis, Duke of Brittany
4595:Louis, Duke of Brittany
4545:Louis, Duke of Burgundy
4451:Princess Anne Élisabeth
4369:Louis, Duke of Burgundy
4306:Princess Anne Élisabeth
4163:Antoine, Count of Moret
4156:Henri, Duke of Verneuil
4097:Gaston, Duke of Orléans
3863:Infante Philip of Spain
3733:Gaston, Duke of Orléans
3588:Prince Charles Philippe
3506:François, Duke of Guise
2765:, Hamish Hamilton, 1966
2540:Nancy Nicholas Barker,
2453:The Regent of the Roués
1790:Infante Carlos of Spain
1685:The duke assembled the
1056:, the future Louis XV.
1050:Louis, Duke of Brittany
873:—a member of the
702:, to a libretto by the
286:Jean Philippe d'Orléans
94:First Minister of State
5678:
5462:
5160:Archduchess of Austria
5068:Maria Theresa of Savoy
4930:Princess Sophie Hélène
4836:Illegitimate children
4557:Charles, Duke of Berry
4551:King Felipe V of Spain
4384:Louis, Duke of Orléans
4379:Charles, Duke of Berry
4143:César, Duke of Vendôme
3820:King Philip V of Spain
3501:Louis, Prince of Condé
3254:Titles and Succession
2696:Nancy Mitford (1966).
2451:Haggard, Andrew C.P.,
1847:Charles de Saint-Albin
1796:Louise Diane d'Orléans
1726:, was named after him.
1558:
1479:
1445:crown jewels of France
1246:
1235:
1214:
1068:Charles, Duke of Berry
1029:that the heads of the
990:Premier Prince du Sang
981:Upon the death of the
978:
970:A bust of Philippe by
879:Mademoiselle de Nantes
824:
644:
642:Nicolas de Largillière
613:
546:Château de Saint-Cloud
541:
418:
266:Louis, Duke of Orléans
166:Château de Saint Cloud
55:Jean-Baptiste Santerre
5887:French art collectors
5704:Crown lands of France
5677:
5659:Crown lands of France
5653:Charles II of Alençon
5620:Crown lands of France
5560:Theobald III of Blois
5461:
5431:Louis Philippe Joseph
4845:Charles de Vintimille
4639:Philip, Duke of Parma
4621:Ferdinand VI of Spain
4136:Illegitimate children
3046:Vatout, Jean (1836).
2928:ib. Erlanger, p. 373.
2615:Mademoiselle de Blois
2469:Le Régent (1674–1723)
2461:The Scandalous Regent
1899:and Anne d'Ennebault:
1895:, daughter of actors
1885:Christine Antoinette
1851:Archbishop of Cambrai
1711:to the public (1720).
1553:
1470:
1418:Pontcallec conspiracy
1379:He acted in plays of
1239:
1226:
1209:
1177:marquise de Maintenon
987:in 1709, the rank of
969:
841:Mademoiselle de Blois
814:
767:Battle of Steenkerque
686:, Duchesse de Berry.
639:
611:
528:
483:Chevalier de Lorraine
5867:Dukes of Montpensier
5847:18th-century regents
5596:Isabelle of Chartres
5590:Theobald VI of Blois
5572:Theobald IV of Blois
5548:Theobald II of Blois
4626:Charles III of Spain
4374:King Felipe of Spain
3557:Prince Luis Fernando
3137:Cadet branch of the
2965:http://gutenberg.org
2869:Erlanger, Philippe,
2729:Joan Haslip (1991).
2527:Louis, Grand Dauphin
2523:Anne Marie d'Orléans
2490:Ranum, Patricia M.,
2444:Erlanger, Philippe,
2437:Erlanger, Philippe,
1975:Louis XIII of France
1601:Palace of Versailles
1463:Cellamare conspiracy
1457:Cellamare conspiracy
1395:. Philippe favoured
1355:Château de Vincennes
1181:Princes of the Blood
1166:
1054:Louis, Duke of Anjou
1009:petit-fils de France
976:Palace of Versailles
897:. At the newlyweds'
871:Cardinal de Bouillon
867:Palace of Versailles
640:Philippe in 1686 by
555:petit-fils de France
550:Louis XIII of France
517:, was born in 1676.
366:. He was the son of
292:Angélique de Froissy
198:Basilica of St Denis
186:Palace of Versailles
5624:Philip IV of France
5578:Theobald V of Blois
5536:Theobald I of Blois
5050:Charles X of France
4630:Francisco of Spain
4456:Princess Marie Anne
4311:Princess Marie Anne
4208:Princess Marie Anne
3190:Prince of Joinville
3182:Duke of Montpensier
2835:In French sources,
2798:Clausen, Daniel J.
2481:Pevitt, Christine,
2127:Margaret of Austria
2069:Philip III of Spain
1609:Notre-Dame de Reims
1555:Elizabeth Charlotte
903:Madame de Montespan
891:James II of England
781:, who was wounded.
515:Duchess of Lorraine
511:Élisabeth Charlotte
492:, only daughter of
401:Madame de Montespan
397:King Louis XIV
393:légitimée de France
5756:Ferdinand Philippe
5679:
5602:Matilda of Amboise
5463:
5441:Ferdinand Philippe
5391:Charles Maximilian
5291:Comte de Montmorin
5266:Comte de Vergennes
5221:Cardinal Richelieu
4827:Princess Élisabeth
4731:Princess Henriette
4056:Margaret of Valois
4038:Henry IV of France
3707:Grandson of France
3291:Princes of Orléans
3218:Political offices
3027:www.neworleans.com
2916:Praeger Publishers
2893:Praeger Publishers
2679:Dufresne, Claude,
2601:Love and Louis XIV
2430:Dufresne, Claude,
1949:Henry IV of France
1807:Illegitimate issue
1687:Orléans Collection
1582:Elisabeth of Parma
1559:
1506:Quadruple Alliance
1480:
1437:duc de Saint-Simon
1430:Mississippi bubble
1091:Duke of Anjou and
1017:Monsieur le Prince
1007:. But the rank of
1004:Monsieur le Prince
979:
972:Jean-Louis Lemoyne
825:
704:Marquis de La Fare
645:
626:Marie Anne Mancini
614:
584:line to the throne
542:
75:1 September 1715 –
5917:Regents of France
5862:Dukes of Chartres
5800:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5751:French Revolution
5739:Louis Philippe II
5698:Alfonso II d'Este
5641:Charles of Valois
5630:Charles of Valois
5482:
5481:
5469:Current claimants
5396:Alexandre Édouard
5308:
5307:
5261:Comte de Maurepas
5176:
5175:
5139:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5039:
5038:
5035:
5034:
4998:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4756:Princess Victoire
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4396:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4230:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3684:Princes of France
3650:
3649:
3249:
3248:
3240:Succeeded by
3197:Succeeded by
3011:. pp. 93–94.
2995:Dufresne, p. 170.
2946:Antoine, Michel,
2599:Fraser, Antonia,
2423:Antoine, Michel,
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
1835:Florence Pellerin
1691:French Revolution
1525:Philip V of Spain
1488:Cardinal Alberoni
1484:Philip V of Spain
1336:
1335:
1194:Count of Toulouse
1138:Mohammad Reza Beg
1083:Philip V of Spain
893:and his consort,
815:Philippe's wife,
801:Battle of Almansa
759:William of Orange
712:Antoine Forqueray
676:peerage of France
622:French Revolution
552:, Philippe was a
479:Queen of Sardinia
356:Kingdom of France
345:
344:
16:(Redirected from
5924:
5877:Dukes of Orléans
5872:Dukes of Nemours
5787:
5733:Louis Philippe I
5584:Louis I of Blois
5566:Stephen of Blois
5509:
5502:
5495:
5486:
5349:Dukes of Orléans
5342:Dukes of Orléans
5335:
5328:
5321:
5312:
5303:
5226:Cardinal Mazarin
5203:
5196:
5189:
5180:
5169:
5149:
5058:
5045:
5017:
5004:
4976:
4961:
4948:
4889:
4876:
4766:Princess Thérèse
4700:
4687:
4617:Felipe of Spain
4614:Felipe of Spain
4610:Louis I of Spain
4415:
4402:
4254:
4241:
4123:Madeleine (1556)
4061:Marie de' Medici
4046:
4033:
4025:House of Bourbon
4018:
4011:
4004:
3995:
3978:
3916:King Louis XVIII
3745:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3654:
3645:
3318:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3261:
3251:
3223:Preceded by
3213:1674–1703
3209:Duke of Chartres
3168:Preceded by
3156:
3155:23 December 1723
3149:
3148:15 February 1674
3140:House of Bourbon
3132:House of Orléans
3123:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3103:Biography portal
3100:
3099:
3098:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2986:Antoine, p. 102.
2984:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2957:
2951:
2944:
2938:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2880:
2874:
2867:
2861:
2846:
2840:
2837:Méhémet Riza Beg
2833:
2827:
2826:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2780:
2772:
2766:
2761:Mitford, Nancy,
2759:
2753:
2752:
2736:
2733:Marie Antoinette
2726:
2720:
2719:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2684:
2677:
2671:
2666:
2657:
2654:
2648:
2637:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2610:
2604:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2570:
2560:
2545:
2538:
2529:
2519:
2249:Elizabeth Stuart
2007:Marie de' Medici
1930:
1921:
1897:Nicolas Desmares
1893:Théâtre-Français
1815:By Léonore N, a
1780:Louis I of Spain
1670:The Conspirators
1655:Philippe Égalité
1604:were above his.
1571:Tuileries Palace
1498:Guillaume Dubois
1476:Hyacinthe Rigaud
1359:Tuileries Palace
1328:
1321:
1314:
1262:
1252:House of Orléans
1248:
1167:Louis XIV's will
1152:Persian emperor
1081:considered that
1031:House of Orléans
1026:Princes de Condé
999:House of Orléans
993:passed from the
957:Madame d'Averne
953:Madame de Sabran
899:bedding ceremony
821:François de Troy
775:Battle of Landen
755:Battle of Cassel
717:In May 1685 the
649:Guillaume Dubois
618:Philippe Égalité
612:Philippe c. 1678
573:Duke of Chartres
341:
244:
227:
225:
182:
162:
160:
133:
125:Guillaume Dubois
121:
104:
78:
77:15 February 1723
63:Regent of France
51:
30:
21:
5932:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5882:Dukes of Valois
5802:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5781:
5767:
5692:Renée of France
5680:
5669:
5664:Renée of France
5608:John I of Blois
5554:Odo II of Blois
5518:
5513:
5483:
5478:
5464:
5453:
5344:
5339:
5309:
5304:
5295:
5251:Duc de Choiseul
5246:Cardinal Fleury
5231:Cardinal Dubois
5212:
5207:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5147:
5131:
5104:
5072:
5052:
5031:
5011:
4990:
4970:
4955:
4934:
4903:
4883:
4862:
4837:
4831:
4775:
4714:
4694:
4673:
4587:
4581:
4533:
4481:
4475:
4434:
4409:
4388:
4361:
4355:
4289:
4268:
4248:
4227:
4176:
4131:
4106:
4065:
4040:
4027:
4022:
3992:
3987:
3972:
3956:
3942:King Louis XVII
3925:
3889:
3868:
3830:
3803:
3772:
3746:
3737:
3723:King Louis XIII
3711:
3686:
3681:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3613:12th generation
3608:
3597:11th generation
3592:
3566:10th generation
3561:
3515:
3464:
3422:
3393:
3376:
3359:
3342:
3319:
3310:
3293:
3288:
3245:
3236:
3228:
3212:
3202:
3193:
3188:
3186:Duke of Nemours
3184:
3180:
3178:Duke of Orléans
3173:
3162:French nobility
3150:
3144:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3115:
3110:
3108:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3031:
3029:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2970:
2958:
2954:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2868:
2864:
2847:
2843:
2834:
2830:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2773:
2769:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2712:
2705:
2695:
2694:
2687:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2638:
2634:
2626:V. de Seilhac,
2625:
2621:
2611:
2607:
2598:
2594:
2579:
2562:
2561:
2548:
2539:
2532:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2420:
2415:
2095:Anne of Austria
1918:
1864:Lady-in-Waiting
1809:
1733:
1682:
1666:Alexandre Dumas
1590:Louis de France
1563:l'infante Reine
1541:Infante Charles
1514:Duke of Berwick
1474:as a child, by
1465:
1459:
1399:which, despite
1374:Peter the Great
1332:
1268:See descendants
1204:princes du sang
1169:
1130:
1124:
1046:Nine Years' War
1038:Louis de France
984:prince de Condé
922:
883:Hall of Mirrors
855:Nine Years' War
847:of two million
809:
797:Battle of Turin
786:natural science
779:prince de Conti
751:
749:Military career
719:Duc de Chartres
680:lady-in-waiting
656:Duc de Chartres
634:
599:Duc de Chartres
586:, coming after
523:
432:In March 1661,
430:
297:
238:
237:
229:
226: 1692)
221:
217:
214:
201:
184:
180:
179:2 December 1723
164:
158:
156:
155:
131:
119:
105:
100:
76:
74:
57:
40:Duke of Orléans
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5930:
5928:
5920:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5759:
5753:
5748:
5745:Louis Philippe
5742:
5736:
5730:
5724:
5718:
5712:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5688:
5686:
5682:
5681:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5644:
5638:
5633:
5627:
5617:
5611:
5605:
5599:
5593:
5587:
5581:
5575:
5569:
5563:
5557:
5551:
5545:
5542:Odo I of Blois
5539:
5533:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5489:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5476:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5456:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5436:Louis Philippe
5433:
5428:
5426:Louis Philippe
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5352:
5350:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5330:
5323:
5315:
5306:
5305:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5241:Duc de Bourbon
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5183:
5174:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5162:
5156:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5099:
5094:
5086:
5080:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5041:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5023:
5021:
5013:
5012:
5007:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4978:
4977:
4967:
4965:
4957:
4956:
4951:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4911:
4909:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4895:
4893:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4872:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4547:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4485:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4442:
4440:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4421:
4419:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4153:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3998:
3989:
3988:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3961:9th generation
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3933:
3931:
3930:8th generation
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3921:King Charles X
3918:
3913:
3911:King Louis XVI
3908:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3894:7th generation
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3876:
3874:
3873:6th generation
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3835:5th generation
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3809:
3808:4th generation
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3780:
3778:
3777:3rd generation
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3758:King Louis XIV
3754:
3752:
3751:2nd generation
3748:
3747:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3716:1st generation
3713:
3712:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3657:
3648:
3647:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3583:Prince Ataúlfo
3580:
3575:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3520:9th generation
3517:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3469:8th generation
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3430:
3428:
3427:7th generation
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3401:
3399:
3398:6th generation
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3384:
3382:
3381:5th generation
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3365:
3364:4th generation
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3350:
3348:
3347:3rd generation
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3327:
3325:
3324:2nd generation
3321:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3299:
3298:1st generation
3295:
3294:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3255:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3238:
3229:
3224:
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3215:
3214:
3204:
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3195:
3174:
3169:
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3158:
3157:
3136:
3129:
3126:
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3120:
3106:
3089:
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3063:
3038:
3014:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2968:
2952:
2939:
2930:
2921:
2918:. p. 373.
2898:
2895:. p. 373.
2875:
2862:
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2828:
2809:
2790:
2781:
2767:
2754:
2748:978-1555841836
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2507:
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2498:Shennan, J. H.
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2458:Lewis, W. H.,
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2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:
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1933:
1926:
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1919:
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1912:
1901:
1900:
1880:
1879:
1876:Chilly-Mazarin
1868:
1867:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1842:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1802:and had issue.
1793:
1783:
1773:
1772:and had issue.
1763:
1762:and had issue.
1753:
1747:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1712:
1701:
1694:
1681:
1678:
1624:prime minister
1510:French marshal
1502:chief minister
1461:Main article:
1458:
1455:
1387:, composed an
1340:parlementaires
1334:
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1263:
1255:
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1168:
1165:
1126:Main article:
1123:
1120:
1093:fils de France
1013:premier prince
995:House of Condé
921:
918:
910:Madame Lucifer
895:Mary of Modena
808:
805:
771:Siege of Namur
750:
747:
665:Étienne Loulié
661:Joseph Sauveur
633:
630:
565:Royal Highness
538:on 15 May 1685
522:
519:
467:Queen of Spain
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183:(aged 49)
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5612:
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5422:
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5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5401:Nicolas Henri
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
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5372:
5369:
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5269:
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5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5236:Duc d'Orléans
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5199:
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5185:
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5166:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5109:Grandchildren
5107:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
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4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4780:Grandchildren
4778:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
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4708:
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4697:
4693:
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4657:
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4637:
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4632:
4629:
4627:
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4619:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4588:grandchildren
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:Grandchildren
4536:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
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4412:
4408:
4403:
4399:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:grandchildren
4358:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:Grandchildren
4292:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
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4181:Grandchildren
4179:
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4159:
4157:
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4149:
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3852:King Louis XV
3850:
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3701:Son of France
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3117:Europe portal
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1187:Duke of Maine
1182:
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1154:Sultan Husayn
1151:
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885:with all the
884:
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724:
723:Doge of Genoa
720:
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668:
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547:
539:
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532:Doge of Genoa
527:
520:
518:
516:
512:
507:
503:
502:Protestantism
499:
495:
491:
486:
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163:2 August 1674
153:
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98:
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56:
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45:
42:
41:
36:
31:
19:
5720:
5415:
5235:
5118:Prince Louis
5091:Mademoiselle
5090:
4982:
4549:
4480:Illegitimate
4345:
3980:
3798:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3642:
3537:Prince Henri
3336:
3231:
3207:
3176:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3130:
3079:. Retrieved
3073:
3066:
3054:. Retrieved
3048:
3041:
3030:. Retrieved
3026:
3017:
3007:
3000:
2991:
2982:
2975:
2971:
2955:
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2836:
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2812:
2803:
2793:
2784:
2775:
2770:
2763:The Sun King
2762:
2757:
2732:
2724:
2715:
2697:
2680:
2675:
2652:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2627:
2622:
2614:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2566:
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2501:
2491:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2152:
1886:
1821:Palais-Royal
1810:
1714:The city of
1673:
1669:
1663:
1644:
1635:Val de Grâce
1633:
1631:
1628:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1598:
1575:
1562:
1560:
1533:Infante Luis
1522:
1496:
1481:
1448:
1434:
1411:
1404:
1378:
1367:
1363:Palais-Royal
1362:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1294:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1215:
1210:
1202:
1193:
1186:
1170:
1158:
1131:
1113:
1092:
1086:
1072:
1061:
1058:
1035:
1024:
1021:cadet branch
1016:
1012:
1008:
1003:
988:
983:
980:
942:
923:
914:
909:
907:
902:
878:
864:
859:Palais-Royal
858:
848:
840:
832:
829:major powers
826:
790:
783:
778:
752:
718:
716:
699:
695:
688:
669:
655:
653:
646:
615:
598:
595:Palais-Royal
592:
581:
576:
570:
563:
553:
543:
530:
487:
463:Marie Louise
444:
431:
408:
392:
386:
376:
367:
363:
347:
346:
239:
181:(1723-12-02)
132:Succeeded by
101:
53:Portrait by
38:
5817:1723 deaths
5812:1674 births
5782: [
5764:(1840–1910)
5758:(1814–1830)
5747:(1785–1793)
5741:(1752–1785)
5735:(1725–1752)
5729:(1703–1723)
5723:(1674–1701)
5721:Philippe II
5717:(1661–1674)
5711:(1626–1660)
5700:(1574–1597)
5694:(1528–1574)
5666:(1510–1528)
5655:(1328–1346)
5649:(1325–1328)
5643:(1310–1325)
5632:(1290–1302)
5616:(1280–1286)
5610:(1256–1280)
5604:(1248–1256)
5598:(1218–1248)
5592:(1205–1218)
5586:(1191–1205)
5580:(1151–1191)
5574:(1102–1151)
5568:(1089–1102)
5562:(1037–1089)
5556:(1004–1037)
5009:Louis XVIII
4973:Louis XVIII
4812:Louis XVIII
2681:Les Orléans
2432:Les Orléans
1839:Opera House
1792:, no issue.
1782:, no issue.
1716:New Orleans
1441:Thomas Pitt
1428:led to the
1122:The Regency
1079:legitimists
930:Montpensier
663:; and from
506:Catholicism
443:, known as
120:Preceded by
33:Philippe II
5806:Categories
5715:Philippe I
5550:(995–1004)
4953:Louis XVII
4925:Louis XVII
4246:Louis XIII
4077:Louis XIII
3171:Philippe I
3032:2020-10-28
2737:. p.
2645:Recherches
2641:Recherches
2587:1150973261
2509:References
1817:doorkeeper
1668:' novels,
1640:necropolis
1539:; and the
1426:bankruptcy
1406:Unigenitus
1370:censorship
1175:wife, the
1173:morganatic
1144:province (
945:mistresses
920:Court life
839:(known as
536:Versailles
475:Anne Marie
459:Versailles
159:1674-08-02
5544:(975–995)
5538:(960–975)
5532:(882–886)
5061:Spouse(s)
5020:Spouse(s)
4892:Spouse(s)
4881:Louis XVI
4817:Charles X
4807:Louis XVI
4703:Spouse(s)
4418:Spouse(s)
4407:Louis XIV
4280:Louis XIV
4257:Spouse(s)
4218:Louis XIV
4049:Spouse(s)
2908:Louis XIV
2885:Louis XIV
2871:Louis XIV
2476:Le Régent
2446:Louis XIV
2439:Louis XIV
1916:Ancestors
1887:Charlotte
1720:Louisiana
1450:Le Régent
1397:Jansenism
1348:Parlement
1105:Louis XIV
938:Joinville
696:Philomèle
632:Education
364:le Régent
334:Signature
102:In office
5450:François
5446:Philippe
5416:Philippe
5411:Philippe
5356:Philippe
5281:Breteuil
5158:also an
5152:also an
5089:Sophie,
5077:Children
4908:Children
4838:included
4719:Children
4692:Louis XV
4605:Louis XV
4482:children
4439:Children
4273:Children
4111:Siblings
4070:Children
3695:Henri IV
2948:Louis XV
2912:New York
2889:New York
2617:in 1692.
2425:Louis XV
1889:Desmares
1705:Sorbonne
1620:majority
1472:Louis XV
1424:, whose
1422:John Law
1414:Brittany
1393:engraver
1116:Louis XV
1109:Louis XV
1097:smallpox
1040:married
974:, 1713,
833:Monsieur
807:Marriage
513:, later
477:, later
465:, later
434:Monsieur
410:de facto
405:Louis XV
369:Monsieur
200:, France
188:, France
114:Louis XV
87:Louis XV
5530:Hastein
5475:Jacques
5381:Charles
5366:Charles
5271:Brienne
5256:Maupeou
3200:Louis I
2858:Ispahan
2850:Morocco
2544:, p. 1.
2418:Sources
1819:at the
1618:On the
1381:Molière
1357:to the
1342:in the
1220:to his
1218:codicil
1150:Safavid
1146:Armenia
1142:Yerevan
1128:Régence
1101:measles
1023:of the
997:to the
934:Nemours
700:Penthée
428:Parents
421:Régence
354:of the
308:Orléans
228:
220:
216:
111:Monarch
83:Monarch
70:Regency
5788:(1996)
5762:Robert
5709:Gaston
5406:Gaston
5286:Necker
5276:Necker
4360:Great
3981:until
3151:
3081:7 June
3056:7 June
2745:
2585:
2575:
1680:Legacy
1586:livres
1578:Madrid
1518:Sicily
1512:, the
1478:(1715)
1385:Racine
1232:mercy.
1075:Meudon
850:livres
496:, and
446:Madame
415:French
378:Madame
375:, and
360:French
352:Regent
324:Mother
314:Father
294:(ill.)
288:(ill.)
241:Detail
206:Spouse
193:Burial
170:France
5786:]
5727:Louis
5421:Louis
5386:Louis
5376:Henri
5371:Louis
5361:Louis
5148:Notes
4586:Great
3237:1723
3153:Died:
3146:Born:
1731:Issue
1718:, in
1401:papal
1389:opera
926:Anjou
845:dowry
710:with
560:style
521:Youth
455:court
395:) of
303:House
235:Issue
222:(
218:
5164:both
4981:See
4964:Note
3983:1713
3083:2022
3058:2022
2743:ISBN
2583:OCLC
2573:ISBN
2367:15.
2309:14.
2247:13.
2189:12.
2125:11.
2067:10.
1724:U.S.
1383:and
1222:will
1190:and
959:and
932:and
763:Mons
741:and
708:viol
399:and
176:Died
151:Born
3704:or
2335:7.
2273:3.
2215:6.
2151:1.
2093:5.
2031:2.
2005:9.
1973:4.
1947:8.
1883:By
1858:By
1833:By
1676:).
963:.
562:of
534:at
504:to
457:of
419:la
362:as
5808::
5784:fr
3979:*
3025:.
2914::
2891::
2821:.
2802:.
2741:.
2739:38
2706:^
2688:^
2661:^
2581:.
2549:^
2533:^
2500:,
1722:,
1661:.
1596:.
1573:.
1453:.
1409:.
1376:.
1365:.
1224::
1207:.
1136:.
1118:.
1088:né
1085:,
955:,
928:,
788:.
745:.
725:,
469:;
417::
224:m.
168:,
5626:)
5622:(
5508:e
5501:t
5494:v
5334:e
5327:t
5320:v
5202:e
5195:t
5188:v
4987:.
4017:e
4010:t
4003:v
3865:*
3859:*
3822:*
3710:;
3676:e
3669:t
3662:v
3641:^
3451:^
3419:^
3413:^
3407:^
3390:^
3373:^
3356:^
3339:^
3333:^
3307:^
3283:e
3276:t
3269:v
3085:.
3060:.
3035:.
2839:.
2825:.
2806:.
2751:.
1911:)
1874:(
1841::
1823::
1700:.
1693:.
1672:(
1327:e
1320:t
1313:v
823:.
540:.
161:)
157:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
