Philip IV of France - Knowledge (XXG)

1135: 780: 2390: 2221: 2117: 1998: 1921: 1878: 1853: 1667: 1491: 1087:. Overall revenues were about twice the ordinary revenues. Some 30% of the revenues were collected from the royal demesne. The royal financial administration employed perhaps 3,000 people, of which about 1,000 were officials in the proper sense. After assuming the throne, Philip inherited a sizable debt from his father's war against Aragon. By November 1286 it reached 8 tonnes of silver to his primary financiers, the Templars, equivalent to 17% of government revenue. This debt was quickly paid off, and, in 1287 and 1288, Philip's kingdom ran a budget surplus. 1282:). It seems that, with the "discovery" and repression of the "Templars' heresy", the Capetian monarchy claimed for itself the mystic foundations of the papal theocracy. The Temple case was the last step of a process of appropriating these foundations, which had begun with the Franco-papal rift at the time of Boniface VIII. Being the ultimate defender of the Catholic faith, the Capetian king was invested with a Christ-like function that put him above the pope. What was at stake in the Templars' trial, then, was the establishment of a "royal theocracy". 2332: 2151: 2126: 1937: 1894: 1837: 1651: 1626: 2203: 1058: 2458: 2446: 574: 42: 1342:, and retired to deliberate on this unexpected contingency, but they were saved all trouble. When the news was carried to Philippe he was furious. A short consultation with his council only was required. The canons pronounced that a relapsed heretic was to be burned without a hearing; the facts were notorious and no formal judgment by the papal commission need be waited for. That same day, by sunset, a stake was erected on a small island in the 1358:, and in eight months Philip IV, at the age of forty-six, died in a hunting accident. This gave rise to the legend that de Molay had cited them before the tribunal of God, which became popular among the French population. Even in Germany, Philip's death was spoken of as a retribution for his destruction of the Templars, and Clement was described as shedding tears of remorse on his deathbed for three great crimes, namely the poisoning of 1168:

subjects to provide all or half, respectively, of their silver vessels for minting into coins. New taxes were levied to pay for the deficit. As people attempted to move their wealth out of the country in non-monetary form, Philip banned merchandise exports without royal approval. The king obtained another crusade tithe from the pope and returned the royal treasure to the Temple to gain the Templars as his creditors again.

1978: 1294: 727: 1094:'s silver production, combined with Philip's wars against Aragon, England and Flanders, drove the French government to fiscal deficits. The war against Aragon, inherited from Philip's father, required the expenditure of 1.5 million LT (livres tournois) and the 1294–99 war against England over Gascony another 1.73 million LT. Loans from the Aragonese War were still being paid back in 1306. 1109:) from the Church lands in France. With revenues of 1.52 million LP, the church in France had greater fiscal resources than the royal government, whose ordinary revenues in 1289 amounted to 595,318 LP and overall revenues to 1.2 million LP. By November 1290, the deficit stood at 6% of revenues. In 1291 the budget swung back into surplus only to fall into deficit again in 1292. 2502: 1255: 1184:. To harmonize the strength of the old and new currencies, the debased coinage of 1303 was devalued accordingly by two-thirds. The debtors were driven to penury by the need to repay their loans in the new, strong currency. This led to rioting in Paris on 30 December 1306, forcing Philip to briefly seek refuge in the Paris Temple, the headquarters of the Knights Templar. 1275:

organization as it existed in France, in part to free himself from his debts. Other motives appear to have included concern over perceived heresy, assertion of French control over a weakened Papacy, and finally, the substitution of royal officials for officers of the Temple in the financial management of French government.

822:, Philip summoned Edward to the French court. The English king sought to negotiate the matter via ambassadors sent to Paris, but they were turned away with a blunt refusal. Philip addressed Edward as a duke, a vassal, and nothing more, despite the international implications of the relationship between England and France. 1338:

the assembled crowd, de Molay and Geoffroi de Charney arose. They had been guilty, they said, not of the crimes imputed to them, but of basely betraying their Order to save their own lives. It was pure and holy; the charges were fictitious and the confessions false. Hastily the cardinals delivered them to the

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had been largely replaced by banking and other commercial activities by the end of the 13th century. As the popularity of the Crusades had decreased, support for the military orders had waned, and Philip used a disgruntled complaint against the Knights Templar as an excuse to move against the entire

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The resulting inflation damaged the real incomes of the creditors such as the aristocracy and the Church, who received a weaker currency in return for the loans they had issued in a stronger currency. The indebted lower classes did not benefit from the devaluation, as the high inflation ate into the

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merchants, who had earlier made him extensive loans on the pledge of repayment from future taxation. The Lombards' assets were seized by government agents and the crown extracted 250,000 LT by forcing the Lombards to purchase French nationality. Despite this draconian measure, the deficits continued

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on 22 July 1306 and confiscated their property on 23 August, collecting at least 140,000 LP with this measure. With the Jews gone, Philip appointed royal guardians to collect the loans made by the Jews, and the money was passed to the Crown. After Philip, in 1315, the Jews were invited back with an

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But Edward, Edmund, and the English had been deceived. The French had no intention of returning the land to the English monarch. Edward kept up his part of the deal and turned over his continental estates to the French. However, Philip used the pretext that the English king had refused his summons

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An agreement was indeed reached; it stated that Edward would temporarily relinquish Gascony to Philip as a sign of submission in his capacity as the duke of Aquitaine. In return, Philip would forgive Edward and restore Gascony after a grace period. In the matter of the marriage, Philip drove a hard

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and some other prelates whom they had called in. Considering the offences, which the culprits had confessed and confirmed, the penance imposed was in accordance with rule – that of perpetual imprisonment. The affair was supposed to be concluded when, to the dismay of the prelates and wonderment of

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became heir apparent. Only five months later, in January 1271, Philip's mother died after falling from a horse; she was pregnant with her fifth child at the time and had not yet been crowned queen beside her husband. A few months later, one of Philip's younger brothers, Robert, also died. Philip's

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Despite their consequences these decisions were not considered immoral at that time, as they were the prince's accepted right, and this right could be taken far if a special situation, such as war, justified it. Furthermore, the issue of coins with a lower content of silver was needed to maintain

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at any cost. He relied, more than any of his predecessors, on a professional bureaucracy of legalists. To the public he kept aloof, and left specific policies, especially unpopular ones, to his ministers; as such he was compared to a "useless owl" by Bishop Saisset. Others like William of Nogaret

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The defeat at the battle of Golden Spurs in 1302 was a crushing blow to French finance: the 15 months which followed this battle saw a depreciation of the currency by 37%, and new decrees were issued forbidding the export of gold and silver abroad. The royal government had to order officials and

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of coinage as an alternative tool to meet his military expenditures. This measure made people wary of taking their coins to royal mints, preferring to take their silver abroad to exchange it for strong currencies, which by 1301 led to a dramatic disappearance of silver in France. Currency

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in Ile-de-France, and thus effectively were united to the king's own lands, expanding his realm. The annexation of wealthy Champagne increased the royal revenues considerably, removed the autonomy of a large semi-independent fief and expanded royal territory eastward. Philip also gained

1350:, near the palace garden. There de Molay and de Charney were slowly burned to death, refusing all offers of pardon for retraction, and bearing their torment with a composure which won for them the reputation of martyrs among the people, who reverently collected their ashes as relics. 645:(1271–1305) on 16 August 1284. The two were affectionate and devoted to each other and Philip refused to remarry after Joan's death in 1305, despite the great political and financial rewards of doing so. The primary administrative benefit of the marriage was Joan's inheritance of 1285:

At daybreak on Friday, 13 October 1307, hundreds of Templars in France were simultaneously arrested by agents of Philip the Fair, to be later tortured into admitting heresy in the Order. The Templars were supposedly answerable only to the Pope, but Philip used his influence over

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In 1294, France and England went to war and in 1297, the county of Flanders declared its independence from France. This conflict accelerated the financial problems incurred by the french monarch. As warfare continued and fiscal deficits persisted, Philip had no remedy but to use

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In 1301, Philip had the bishop of Pamier arrested for treason. Boniface called French bishops to Rome to discuss Philip's actions. In response, Philip convoked an assembly of bishops, nobles and grand bourgeois of Paris in order to condemn the Pope. This precursor to the

1023:. He again offered a military collaboration between the Christian nations of Europe and the Mongols against the Mamluks. European nations attempted another Crusade but were delayed, and it never took place. On 4 April 1312, another Crusade was promulgated at the 1290:, who was largely his pawn, to disband the organization. Pope Clement did attempt to hold proper trials, but Philip used the previously forced confessions to have many Templars burned at the stake before they could mount a proper defence. 479:" and a recurring threat to royal power. In 1306 Philip expelled the Jews from France, followed by the total destruction of the Knights Templar the next year in 1307. To further strengthen the monarchy, Philip tried to tax and impose 1370:. Within fourteen years the throne passed rapidly through Philip's sons, who died relatively young, and without producing male heirs. By 1328, his male line was extinguished, and the throne had passed to the line of his brother, the 1216:

appeared for the first time during his reign, a measure of the professionalism and order that his ministers were introducing into government. This assembly, which was composed of clergy, nobles, and burghers, gave support to Philip.

936:, which ended in a decisive French victory. Consequently, in 1305, Philip forced the Flemish to accept a harsh peace treaty which exacted heavy reparations and penalties and added to the royal territory the rich cloth cities of 682:, senior heir of Philip IV, with lands elsewhere in France. However, pressure from Joan II's family led to Phillip VI surrendering the land to Joan in 1329, and the rulers of Navarre and France were again different individuals. 1012:, to accompany Bar Sauma back to Mongol lands. There was further correspondence between Arghun and Philip in 1288 and 1289, outlining potential military cooperation. However, Philip never actually pursued such military plans. 1208:(1296), forbidding the transference of any church property to the French Crown. Philip retaliated by forbidding the removal of bullion from France. By 1297, Boniface agreed to Philip's taxation of the clergy in emergencies. 637:

points out that such a deal was probably unnecessary, as Peter had little to gain from provoking a battle with the withdrawing French or angering the young Philip, who had friendly relations with Aragon through his mother.

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Franzesi bankers as his main source of finance. The Italians could raise huge loans far beyond the capacities of the Templars, and Philip came to rely on them more and more. The royal treasure was transferred from the

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After marrying Joan I of Navarre, becoming Philip I of Navarre, Philip ascended the French throne at the age of 17. He was crowned as King on 6 January 1286 in Reims. As king, Philip was determined to strengthen the

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was poor but had a degree of strategic importance. When in 1328 the Capetian line went extinct, the new Valois king, Philip VI, attempted to permanently annex the lands to France, compensating the lawful claimant,

829:, who was Philip's cousin as well as his step-father-in-law, in attempts to negotiate with the French royal family and avert war. Additionally, Edward had by that time become betrothed by proxy to Philip's sister 1008:. In return, Arghun offered to return Jerusalem to the Christians, once it was re-captured from the Muslims. Philip seemingly responded positively to the request of the embassy by sending one of his noblemen, 4089:

Torre, Ignacio de la (2010). "The Monetary Fluctuations in Philip IV's Kingdom of France and Their Relevance to the Arrest of the Templars". In Jochen Burgtorf; Paul F. Crawford & Helen Nicholson (eds.).

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would be retained by Philip in return for agreeing to the marriage. The date of the wedding was also put off until the formality of sequestering and regranting the French lands back to Edward was completed.

603:, had instigated the murder. One reason for these rumours was the fact that the queen had given birth to her own first son the month Louis died. However, both Philip and his surviving full brother 420:

early modern state. Internationally, Philip's ambitions made him highly influential in European affairs, and for much of his reign he sought to place his relatives on foreign thrones. Princes from

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After bringing the Flemish War to a victorious conclusion in 1305, Philip on 8 June 1306 ordered the silver content of new coinage to be raised back to its 1285 level of 3.96 grams of silver per

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idealized him, praising him for his piety and support of the Church. His reign marks the transition to a more centralized administration, characterized by the emergence or consolidation of the

467:, after which he received a significant portion of Flemish cities, which were added to the crown lands along with a vast sum of money. Domestically, his reign was marked by struggles with the 1333:, Master of Aquitaine, were brought forth from the jail in which for nearly seven years they had lain, to receive the sentence agreed upon by the cardinals, in conjunction with the 5719: 2646:, never by name but as the "mal di Francia" (plague of France). It is possible that Dante hides further the person of the king behind 7 figures: Cerbero, Pluto, Filippo Argenti ( 1435: 530:. Their rapid successive deaths without surviving sons of their own would compromise the future of the French royal house, which had until then seemed secure, precipitating 5729: 5689: 1152:

depreciation provided the crown with 1.419 million LP from November 1296 to Christmas 1299, more than enough to cover war costs of 1.066 million LP in the same period.

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All three of Philip's sons who reached adulthood became kings of France and Navarre, and Isabella, his only surviving daughter, was the queen of England as consort to

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father was finally crowned king at Rheims on 15 August 1271. Six days later, he married again; Philip's stepmother was Marie, daughter of the duke of Brabant.

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When Philip levied taxes on the French clergy of one half their annual income, he caused an uproar within the Catholic Church and the papacy, prompting

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were inconclusive. Instead, the larger consequences were from the taxation undertaken to pay for them and in the alliances used. France initiated the

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Philip suffered a major setback when an army of 2,500 noble men-at-arms (knights and squires) and 4,000 infantry he sent to suppress an uprising in

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on 25 January 1308. Meant to further seal a lasting peace, it eventually produced an English claimant to the French throne itself, leading to the

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offer of 12 years of guaranteed residence, free from government interference. In 1322, the Jews were expelled again by the King's successor.

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purchasing power of their money. The result was social unrest. By 22 August 1303 this practice led to a two-thirds loss in the value of the

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circulation, in a context where the inflation of silver produced a severe scarcity of currency due to the ongoing commercial revolution.

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Stemler, Contingent zur Geschichte der Templer, pp. 20–21. Raynouard, pp. 213–214, 233–235. Wilcke, II. 236, 240. Anton, Versuch, p. 142

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In August 1270, when Philip was two years old, his grandfather died while on Crusade, his father became king, and his elder brother

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died, and the eight-year-old Philip became heir apparent. It was suspected that Louis had been poisoned, and that his stepmother,

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Perhaps seeking to control the silver of the Jewish mints to put the revaluation to effect, Philip ordered the expulsion of the

854: 596: 588: 5694: 5679: 5043: 3514:"A Heresy of State: Philip the Fair, the Trial of the 'Perfidious Templar's', and the Pontificalization of the French Monarchy" 1325:) when, on a scaffold in front of Notre Dame, Jacques de Molay, Templar Grand Master, Geoffroi de Charney, Master of Normandy, 531: 5217: 5144: 369:, his rigid, autocratic, imposing, and inflexible personality gained him (from friend and foe alike) other nicknames, such as 5207: 4471: 2542: 2168: 1048: 748: 5134: 933: 464: 1004:

in Baghdad. Arghun was seeking to join forces between the Mongols and the Europeans, against their common enemy the Muslim

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Grummitt, David & Lassalmonie, Jean-François (2015). "Royal public finance (c. 1290–1523)". In Christopher Fletcher;

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was the inevitable result of the competitive expansionist monarchies, but the direct campaigns between the two countries

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Jostkleigrewe, Georg (2018). Pleszczynski, Andrzej; Sobiesiak, Joanna; Tomaszek, Michal; Tyszka, Przemyslaw (eds.).

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Recent studies emphasize the political and religious motivations of Philip the Fair and his ministers (especially

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In 1293, following feuding between English and French sailors that led to several seized ships and the sacking of

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For the Habsburg ruler of the Netherlands and Castile sometimes similarly called Philip the Fair (1478–1506), see

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bargain based partially on the difference in age between Edward and Margaret; it was agreed that the province of

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Dunkerque, ville et port de Flandre à la fin du Moyen âge: à travers les comptes de bailliage de 1358 à 1407

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Bradbury states Philip fell from his horse, broke his leg which became infected, and died, 29 November 1314.

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Edward next attempted to use family connections to achieve what open politics had not. He sent his brother

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The Age of Reform, 1250–1550: An Intellectual and Religious History of Late Medieval and Reformation Europe

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Under Philip IV, the annual ordinary revenues of the French royal government totaled approximately 860,000

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by wars and restricted their feudal privileges, paving the way for the transformation of France from a

3896:(1987). "The Prince is Father of the King: The Character and Childhood of Philip the Fair of France". 3581:"An Historical Sketch of Sacerdotal Celibacy", "Superstition and Force", "Studies in Church History"; 2878:(1987). "The Prince is Father of the King: The Character and Childhood of Philip the Fair of France". 2202: 5654: 5649: 5589: 5396: 5336: 5298: 5222: 5162: 4878: 4873: 4838: 4804: 4779: 4769: 4368: 2662: 2661:

killed by the "515". These representations are centered around Capaneo, referring to the myth of the

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Donation made by the King of France, Philip IV the Fair, to the chaplains and wardens of the

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Monnaie, fiscalité et finances au temps de Philippe Le Bel: journée d'études du 14 mai 2004

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Vol. 3, Henry Charles Lea, Ch. 326, "Political Heresy – The State", p. 2. Not in copyright

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in order to declare Edward's fiefs entirely forfeit, initiating hostilities with England.

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Royal Taxation in Fourteenth-Century France: The Development of War Financing, 1322–1359

5270: 4725: 4586: 4375: 4339: 4054: 4034: 3085: 2450: 1443: 1317:, Preceptor of Normandy, burned at the stake. An account of the event goes as follows: 1239: 1123: 1106: 1032: 697: 666: 634: 555: 547: 500: 496: 417: 339: 295: 55: 1977: 5638: 5599: 5383: 4685: 4611: 4576: 4541: 4300: 4241: 4221: 4205: 3547: 2703: 2482: 1347: 973: 862: 650: 480: 4246: 3531: 1254: 1246:, an enclave surrounded by French territories, and was subjected to French control. 1016: 5584: 5063: 4606: 4596: 4591: 4571: 4566: 4511: 4322: 3866: 3730:(in Italian) (1st ed.). Borgomanero, Novara, Italy: Giuliano Ladolfi Editore. 1222: 985: 812: 792: 791:, Edward was a vassal to the French king. Illumination made in the 15th century by 1293: 952:, whose two daughters, to secure her fidelity, were married to Philip's two sons. 4225: 4181:

Walled Towns and the Shaping of France: From the Medieval to the Early Modern Era

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Imagined Communities: Constructing Collective Identities in Medieval Europe

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After a little over a month, Pope Clement V died of disease thought to be

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Les Lettres de 1289 et 1305 des ilkhan Arγun et Ölǰeitü à Philippe le Bel

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against France; the decimation of a generation of French nobility at the

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to stack up in 1293. By 1295, Philip had replaced the Templars with the

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with France, beginning in 1284 under Philip and Joan, for 44 years. The

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From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi

566:. His father was the heir apparent of France, being the eldest son of 5424: 5406: 4430: 3167: 3165: 2470: 1391: 1231: 1091: 1084: 1028: 1005: 997: 577: 492: 409: 393: 3992:

Government and Political Life in England and France, c. 1300–c. 1500

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power in the Middle East, including reception at the embassy of the

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His final year saw a scandal amongst the royal family, known as the

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attacked in September 1303 by French forces with the support of the

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on 11 July 1302. Philip reacted with energy two years later at the

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lived well into adulthood and raised large families of their own.

572: 1242:(1309–76), during which the official seat of the papacy moved to 708:, a move, under a certain historical reading, towards modernity. 4245: 3934:

Contamine, Philippe; Kerhervé, Jean; Rigaudière, Albert (2007).

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Europeans in Medieval China § Diplomatic missions to Europe

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whose original role as protectors of Christian pilgrims in the

408:. The king, who sought an uncontested monarchy, compelled his 23:. For the king of Spain also called Philip IV (1605–1665), see 3681: 3679: 720: 385:, said of him: "He is neither man nor beast. He is a statue." 3092:. Vol. 6. Leiden & Boston: Brill. pp. 385–386. 1412:(wife of Philip V), was accused of knowledge of the affairs. 815:

in 1291, however, the former allies started to show dissent.

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The constant deficits led Philip to order the arrest of the

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History of the Jews in France § The Great Exile of 1306

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Schein, S. (1 October 1979). "Gesta Dei per Mongolos 1300.

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The scholastic part of Philip's education was entrusted to

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The cardinals dallied with their duty until March 1314, (

3422: 3420: 3418: 3223: 3221: 3219: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2943: 2941: 2481:), and died a few weeks later, on 29 November 1314, at 948:, first of the Flemish cities to yield, was granted to 428:, and he tried and failed to make another relative the 3666: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3458: 3456: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 885:

forced Philip to abandon his occupation of Aquitaine.

550:, Philip was born in 1268 in the medieval fortress of 475:. In heavy debt to both groups, Philip saw them as a " 388:

Philip, seeking to reduce the wealth and power of the

362:. Although Philip was known to be handsome, hence the 435:

The most notable conflicts of Philip's reign include

396:, relied instead on skillful civil servants, such as 4216:. Vol. XVIII (9th ed.). 1885. p. 743. 1258:

Templars burned at the stake. Painting made in 1480.

1035:'s call. He was, however, warned against leaving by 5564: 5525: 5501: 5447: 5423: 5405: 5382: 5345: 5312: 5269: 5236: 5153: 5127: 5053: 5027: 4989: 4963: 4917: 4892: 4813: 4724: 4620: 4496: 4093:

The Debate on the Trial of the Templars (1307–1314)

3210: 3171: 2775:

Ce n'est ni un homme ni une bête. C'est une statue.

491:. The ensuing conflict saw the pope's residence at 311: 301: 289: 243: 207: 193: 183: 170: 166: 156: 146: 136: 128: 112: 102: 92: 79: 68: 54: 34: 4260:. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 4033: 4020: 1394:and executed in what has come to be known as the 4123:by Antoine Mostaert, Francis Woodman Cleaves". 3964:Courting Sanctity: Holy Women and the Capetians 3583:A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages 1319: 1101:in 1289 granted Philip permission to collect a 463:in 1302. The war with the Flemish resulted in 5101: 4446: 3995:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 116–. 3012: 2737:and Philip himself attended the execution of 2613:" ("in the flower of youth") and was buried " 1429: 326:(April–June 1268 – 29 November 1314), called 8: 5720:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church 4023:The Age of Adversity: The Fourteenth Century 1382:In 1314, the daughters-in-law of Philip IV, 4084:. Vol. 29. Cambridge University Press. 3821:Fight, Flight, Fraud: The Story of Taxation 1313:, the last Grand Master of the Temple, and 1039:and died soon after in a hunting accident. 944:, and Bethune, sites of major cloth fairs. 5108: 5094: 5086: 4453: 4439: 4431: 4330: 4326:(in French), vol. 289, pp. 14–17 4270:"The Great Depression of the 14th Century" 3338:"The Great Depression of the 14th Century" 3115:The Monks of Kublal Khan, Emperor of China 3060: 2813:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). p. 125. 1436: 1422: 1414: 892:, the marriage of Philip's young daughter 807:was a vassal to Philip and had to pay him 40: 31: 5730:People of the War of the Sicilian Vespers 5690:Deaths by horse-riding accident in France 3704:. Penguin Publishing Group. p. 233. 3499: 3035: 3033: 2827:Contamine, Kerhervé & Rigaudière 2007 1220:Boniface retaliated with the famous bull 767:Learn how and when to remove this message 4126:Journal of the American Oriental Society 3947:(in French). Presses Univ. Septentrion. 3685: 3639: 3624: 3609: 2850: 2509:The children of Philip IV of France and 1262:Philip was substantially in debt to the 3871:The Capetians: Kings of France 987–1328 3227: 3000: 2983: 2959: 2947: 2838: 2798: 2766: 1064:(7,04 g) during Philip the Fair's reign 5685:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis 4318:"Philippe le Bel, pape en son royaume" 3859:Political Thought in Europe, 1250–1450 3670: 3651: 3560: 3519:Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures 3462: 3426: 3134: 3072: 3024: 2971: 1019:sent letters to Philip, the Pope, and 229: 3447: 3409: 3369: 3336:Rothbard, Murray (23 November 2009). 3323: 3300: 3288: 3271: 3246: 3198: 3048: 2862: 2809:(2011). Kimball G. Everingham (ed.). 2653:), Capaneo, Gerione, Nembrot, in the 2381: 2379: 2372: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2297: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2212: 2210: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2167: 2165: 2142: 2140: 2108: 2084: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2020: 1987: 1985: 1969: 1953: 1951: 1910: 1908: 1869: 1867: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1782: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1642: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1567: 1525: 1523: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1460: 1458: 972:Philip had various contacts with the 888:Pursuant to the terms of the interim 869:, underwriting much of the prolonged 787:(kneeling) to Philip IV (seated). As 7: 5074:Debatable or disputed rulers are in 2575:(c. 1295 – 23 August 1358). Married 1015:In April 1305, the new Mongol ruler 992:. Bar Sauma presented an offer of a 749:adding citations to reliable sources 595:In May 1276, Philip's elder brother 487:, leading to a violent dispute with 233: 4172:Isabella of France, The Rebel Queen 2525:). Died in childhood, betrothed to 956:Crusades and diplomacy with Mongols 514:. His three sons were successively 4227:"Philip IV., king of France" 3477:The Knights Templar: a New History 3146:Mostaert & Cleaves, pp. 56–57. 2489:. Philip was succeeded by his son 1250:Suppression of the Knights Templar 1240:Babylonian Captivity of the papacy 871:First Scottish War of Independence 534:that would eventually lead to the 14: 3758:(in French). 2005. Archived from 3479:. Sutton Pub. pp. 164, 181. 2726:adaptation of the series, and by 2680:Philip is the title character in 2615:in monasterio sororum de Pyssiaco 1323:exact day is disputed by scholars 3728:L'Estetica Dantesca del Dualismo 2388: 2330: 2219: 2201: 2149: 2124: 2115: 1996: 1976: 1935: 1919: 1892: 1876: 1851: 1835: 1665: 1649: 1624: 1489: 1126:to the Louvre around this time. 725: 16:King of France from 1285 to 1314 5675:14th-century Navarrese monarchs 5670:13th-century Navarrese monarchs 4159:A Global Chronology of Conflict 3540:10.5325/jmedirelicult.39.2.0117 3532:10.5325/jmedirelicult.39.2.0117 3211:Grummitt & Lassalmonie 2015 3172:Grummitt & Lassalmonie 2015 2753:(2017), Philip is portrayed by 2398: 2340: 2229: 2159: 2134: 2006: 1945: 1929: 1902: 1886: 1861: 1845: 1675: 1659: 1634: 1499: 736:needs additional citations for 225: 4301:10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXXIII.805 4082:Debating the Hundred Years War 3842:. Cambridge University Press. 2534:(4 October 1289 – 5 June 1316) 1049:Coinage of Philip IV of France 873:. Meanwhile, England assisted 358:from 1284 to 1305, as well as 1: 4288:The English Historical Review 4190:The Queens Regnant of Navarre 4014:. Princeton University Press. 3943:Curveiller, Stephane (1989). 3861:. Cambridge University Press. 1959: 1410:Joan II, Countess of Burgundy 1360:Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor 1238:and thus began the so-called 653:, which were adjacent to the 132:16 August 1284 – 4 April 1305 5665:14th-century kings of France 5660:13th-century kings of France 4207:"Philip IV. of France" 4059:The Reign of Philip the Fair 4010:Henneman, John Bell (2015). 3966:. Cornell University Press. 3726:Lombardi, Giancarlo (2022). 3595:A History of the Inquisition 2553:. Blanche was buried in the 2547:Infante Ferdinand of Castile 2527:Infante Ferdinand of Castile 2505:Relatives console Philip IV. 1408:). A third daughter-in-law, 449:duchy in southwestern France 4080:Taylor, Craig, ed. (2006). 4027:. Cornell University Press. 2747:. In the television series 2336:Charles II, King of Navarre 2207:Edward III, King of England 1406:Affaire de la tour de Nesle 5753: 4283:The genesis of a non-event 4063:Princeton University Press 4019:Lerner, Robert E. (1968). 2640:often refers to Philip in 2563:(c. 1291 – 3 January 1322) 1982:Edward II, King of England 1941:Charles I, King of Navarre 1925:Charles IV, King of France 1898:Philip II, King of Navarre 1495:Philip III, King of France 1309:In March 1314, Philip had 1299:Recueil des rois de France 1046: 965: 959: 950:Mahaut, Countess of Artois 926:Battle of the Golden Spurs 883:Battle of the Golden Spurs 580:of Philip the Fair in the 461:Battle of the Golden Spurs 276:Isabella, Queen of England 271:Charles IV, King of France 250: 187:29 November 1314 (aged 46) 18: 5725:People from Fontainebleau 5613: 5072: 4466: 4407: 4392: 4382: 4373: 4365: 4360: 4333: 4119:Street, John C. (1963). " 3840:The Trial of the Templars 3823:. Euro-Dutch Publishers. 3786:: Casting de la saison 1" 3475:Nicholson, Helen (2004). 3039:Les Rois de France, p. 50 2665:, and are related to the 2611:in flore adolescentiæ suæ 2461:Tomb of Philip IV in the 2430: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2394:Charles V, King of France 2370: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2295: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2251: 2249: 2155:Joan II, Queen of Navarre 2102: 2100: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2082: 2080: 2072: 2068: 2044: 2042: 2034: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2002:Philip VI, King of France 1967: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1780: 1778: 1762: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1736: 1671:Philip IV, King of France 1655:Philip I, King of Navarre 1640: 1603: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1595: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1565: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1543: 1541: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1329:, Visitor of France, and 1090:After 1289, a decline in 485:Catholic Church in France 465:Philip's ultimate victory 344:By virtue of his marriage 39: 4188:Woodacre, Elena (2013). 4170:Warner, Kathryn (2016). 4040:. Yale University Press. 3838:Barber, Malcolm (2012). 3698:Dante Alighieri (2003). 3389:. Phoenix. p. 255. 3121:29 February 2016 at the 3112:Sir E. A. Wallis Budge, 2730:in the 2005 adaptation. 2569:(1294 – 1 February 1328) 1882:Philip V, King of France 1841:Louis I, King of Navarre 1630:Joan I, Queen of Navarre 1297:Philip IV the Fair from 934:Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle 890:1299 Treaty of Montreuil 266:Philip V, King of France 5705:Hunting accident deaths 4487:List of French monarchs 4233:Encyclopædia Britannica 4213:Encyclopædia Britannica 4179:Wolfe, Michael (2009). 4032:Ozment, Steven (1980). 3962:Field, Sean L. (2019). 3819:Adams, Charles (1982). 2551:Ferdinand IV of Castile 2541:– after 13 April 1294, 2487:Basilica of Saint-Denis 2463:Basilica of Saint-Denis 2225:John II, King of France 2130:John I, King of Navarre 1857:Louis X, King of France 1142:in Paris. February 1286 712:Foreign policy and wars 621:After the unsuccessful 582:Basilica of Saint-Denis 377:). His fierce opponent 261:Louis X, King of France 177:Palace of Fontainebleau 5695:French Roman Catholics 5680:Antisemitism in France 4993:(1814–1815; 1815–1830) 4482:List of Frankish kings 4477:Simplified family tree 4316:Théry, Julien (2004), 3857:Black, Antony (1982). 3792:. 2005. Archived from 3512:Théry, Julien (2013). 3157:Histoire des Croisades 2744:Assassin's Creed Unity 2718:. He was portrayed by 2698:), a series of French 2684:(1955), translated as 2671:Revelation of St. John 2579:and was the mother of 2506: 2485:. He is buried in the 2469:Philip had a cerebral 2466: 2454: 2121:John I, King of France 1405: 1386:(wife of Louis X) and 1362:, and the ruin of the 1352: 1331:Godefroi de Gonneville 1306: 1259: 1230:to arrest Boniface at 1143: 1097:To cover the deficit, 1065: 994:Franco-Mongol alliance 984:, originally from the 962:Franco-Mongol alliance 796: 584: 562:, and his first wife, 477:state within the state 439:with the English over 374: 335: 4257:Catholic Encyclopedia 4192:. Palgrave Macmillan. 4183:. Palgrave Macmillan. 4049:. Vol. 8. Brill. 3910:10.1484/J.MS.2.306887 2892:10.1484/J.MS.2.306887 2688:, the first novel in 2657:and the Giant in the 2595:Saint Germain-en-Laye 2581:Edward III of England 2504: 2460: 2448: 1296: 1257: 1137: 1060: 1037:Enguerrand de Marigny 1031:, thus responding to 966:Further information: 782: 641:Philip married Queen 576: 402:Enguerrand de Marigny 189:Fontainebleau, France 4472:Detailed family tree 4335:Philip IV of France 4276:on 27 November 2009. 4268:(12 November 2009). 3342:Mises Daily Articles 2811:Plantagenet Ancestry 2663:Seven against Thebes 2577:Edward II of England 2555:Basilica of St Denis 2174:Countess of Burgundy 1989:Philip the Fortunate 1971:Edward of Caernarfon 1830:Louis the Quarreller 1448:Tour de Nesle affair 1397:Tour de Nesle affair 1384:Margaret of Burgundy 1378:Tour de Nesle affair 1280:Guillaume de Nogaret 1228:Guillaume de Nogaret 1043:Finance and religion 1010:Gobert de Helleville 924:was defeated in the 745:improve this article 665:Navarre remained in 662:for France in 1312. 560:Philip III, the Bold 508:Tour de Nesle affair 398:Guillaume de Nogaret 306:Philip III of France 232:; died 201:Saint Denis Basilica 5645:Philip IV of France 5625:King/Queen of Spain 5503:House of Trastámara 5347:House of Trastámara 4908:Henry VI of England 4252:Herbermann, Charles 3983:Jean-Philippe Genet 3875:Hambledon Continuum 3796:on 19 December 2014 3752:"Official website: 3213:, pp. 127–128. 3137:, pp. 265–268. 2934:on 17 November 2006 2807:Richardson, Douglas 2735:Philip IV of France 2722:in the 1972 French 2619:Constance of Sicily 2517:Margaret (c. 1288, 2475:Pont-Sainte-Maxence 2110:John the Posthumous 1388:Blanche of Burgundy 1315:Geoffroi de Charney 1079:, equivalent to 46 1021:Edward I of England 865:between itself and 717:War against England 627:Peter III of Aragon 532:a succession crisis 342:from 1285 to 1314. 174:8 April – June 1268 46:Detail from a 1315 21:Philip the Handsome 5715:Navarrese monarchs 5238:House of Champagne 5193:García Sánchez III 5055:House of Bonaparte 4965:House of Bonaparte 4895:House of Lancaster 4461:Monarchs of France 4414:Count of Champagne 4155:Tucker, Spencer C. 4104:. pp. 57–68. 3756:(2005 miniseries)" 3701:The Portable Dante 3688:, p. Chart I. 3013:Jostkleigrewe 2018 2922:Guillaume d'Ercuis 2716:Isabella of France 2696:The Accursed Kings 2667:Beast from the Sea 2643:La Divina Commedia 2599:Flores historiarum 2507: 2467: 2455: 1955:Isabella of France 1450:succession crisis 1335:Archbishop of Sens 1307: 1260: 1197:Pope Boniface VIII 1144: 1066: 910:Hundred Years' War 904:was celebrated at 797: 680:Joan II of Navarre 671:Kingdom of Navarre 612:Guillaume d'Ercuis 585: 564:Isabella of Aragon 536:Hundred Years' War 489:Pope Boniface VIII 481:state control over 457:County of Flanders 430:Holy Roman Emperor 360:Count of Champagne 316:Isabella of Aragon 25:Philip IV of Spain 5710:Jure uxoris kings 5632: 5631: 5527:House of Habsburg 5183:García Sánchez II 5083: 5082: 5044:Louis Philippe II 4967:(1804–1814; 1815) 4429: 4428: 4418:1284–1305 4405: 4383:Succeeded by 4247:"Philip IV" 4111:978-0-7546-6570-0 4072:978-0-691-10089-0 4002:978-1-107-08990-7 3973:978-1-50173-619-3 3954:978-2-85939-361-8 3898:Mediaeval Studies 3884:978-1-85285-528-4 3849:978-0-521-45727-9 3830:978-0-686-39619-2 3762:on 15 August 2009 3711:978-1-101-57382-2 3486:978-0-7509-3839-6 3396:978-1-84212-142-9 3344:. Mises Institute 3099:978-90-04-28126-4 2962:, pp. 10–11. 2880:Mediaeval Studies 2714:and his daughter 2700:historical novels 2511:Joan I of Navarre 2479:Forest of Halatte 2473:during a hunt at 2438: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2196:Edward of Windsor 1709:Charles of Valois 1069:Mounting deficits 1025:Council of Vienne 916:War with Flanders 827:Edmund Crouchback 801:Duke of Aquitaine 789:Duke of Aquitaine 777: 776: 769: 706:Court of Auditors 643:Joan I of Navarre 623:Aragonese Crusade 503:of 1309 to 1376. 383:bishop of Pamiers 348:Joan I of Navarre 321: 320: 214:Joan I of Navarre 72:5 October 1285 – 5742: 5566:House of Bourbon 5449:House of Bourbon 5173:García Sánchez I 5155:House of Jiménez 5128:House of Íñiguez 5110: 5103: 5096: 5087: 5038:Louis Philippe I 5029:House of Orléans 4991:House of Bourbon 4919:House of Bourbon 4455: 4448: 4441: 4432: 4399: 4393:Preceded by 4366:Preceded by 4356: 4355:29 November 1314 4349: 4331: 4327: 4312: 4295:(373): 805–819. 4277: 4272:. Archived from 4261: 4249: 4237: 4229: 4217: 4209: 4193: 4184: 4175: 4166: 4150: 4115: 4085: 4076: 4050: 4041: 4039: 4028: 4026: 4015: 4006: 3977: 3958: 3939: 3929: 3888: 3862: 3853: 3834: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3784:Les Rois maudits 3778: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3754:Les Rois maudits 3748: 3742: 3741: 3723: 3717: 3715: 3695: 3689: 3683: 3674: 3668: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3628: 3622: 3613: 3607: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3579: 3573: 3570: 3564: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3509: 3503: 3497: 3491: 3490: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3451: 3445: 3430: 3424: 3413: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3379: 3373: 3367: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3275: 3269: 3250: 3244: 3231: 3225: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3175: 3169: 3160: 3153: 3147: 3144: 3138: 3132: 3126: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3082: 3076: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3037: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2998: 2987: 2986:, pp. 9–10. 2981: 2975: 2969: 2963: 2957: 2951: 2945: 2936: 2935: 2930:, archived from 2918: 2912: 2911: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2854: 2853:, p. xviii. 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2815: 2814: 2803: 2787: 2784: 2778: 2771: 2739:Jacques de Molay 2691:Les Rois maudits 2675:Joachim of Fiore 2603:Bernard Guidonis 2402: 2401: 1364–1380 2400: 2392: 2383:Charles the Wise 2344: 2343: 1349–1387 2342: 2334: 2233: 2232: 1350–1364 2231: 2223: 2205: 2163: 2162: 1328–1349 2161: 2153: 2138: 2136: 2128: 2119: 2010: 2009: 1328–1350 2008: 2000: 1991:Philip of Valois 1980: 1964: 1961: 1949: 1948: 1322–1328 1947: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1322–1328 1931: 1923: 1914:Charles the Bald 1912:Charles the Fair 1906: 1905: 1316–1322 1904: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1316–1322 1888: 1880: 1865: 1864: 1314–1316 1863: 1855: 1849: 1848: 1305–1316 1847: 1839: 1679: 1678: 1285–1314 1677: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1284–1305 1661: 1653: 1638: 1637: 1274–1305 1636: 1628: 1503: 1502: 1270–1285 1501: 1493: 1456: 1455: 1446:during the 1314 1438: 1431: 1424: 1415: 1327:Hugues de Peraud 1311:Jacques de Molay 1164:in circulation. 1099:Pope Nicholas IV 982:Rabban Bar Sauma 901: 896:to Edward's son 811:. Following the 772: 765: 761: 758: 752: 729: 721: 601:Marie of Brabant 558:) to the future 546:A member of the 444: 254: 237: 235: 231: 227: 85:6 January 1286, 75: 74:29 November 1314 44: 32: 5752: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5635: 5634: 5633: 5628: 5609: 5568:- Upper Navarre 5560: 5529:- Upper Navarre 5521: 5505:- Upper Navarre 5497: 5451:- Lower Navarre 5443: 5427:- Lower Navarre 5425:House of Albret 5419: 5407:House of Albret 5401: 5392:Francis Phoebus 5378: 5341: 5314:House of Évreux 5308: 5265: 5232: 5149: 5123: 5114: 5084: 5079: 5068: 5049: 5023: 4985: 4959: 4913: 4888: 4815:House of Valois 4809: 4720: 4681:Charles the Fat 4640:Pepin the Short 4625: 4616: 4492: 4491: 4462: 4459: 4419: 4417: 4412: 4410:King of Navarre 4398: 4388: 4379: 4371: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4336: 4315: 4280: 4264: 4240: 4220: 4204: 4201: 4199:Further reading 4196: 4187: 4178: 4169: 4161:. Vol. 1. 4153: 4129:(book review). 4118: 4112: 4088: 4079: 4073: 4055:Strayer, Joseph 4053: 4044: 4031: 4018: 4009: 4003: 3980: 3974: 3961: 3955: 3942: 3933: 3892: 3885: 3865: 3856: 3850: 3837: 3831: 3818: 3814: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3738: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3712: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3684: 3677: 3669: 3658: 3650: 3646: 3638: 3631: 3623: 3616: 3608: 3601: 3593: 3589: 3580: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3559: 3555: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3487: 3474: 3473: 3469: 3461: 3454: 3446: 3433: 3425: 3416: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3368: 3357: 3347: 3345: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3322: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3287: 3278: 3270: 3253: 3245: 3234: 3226: 3217: 3209: 3205: 3197: 3178: 3170: 3163: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3141: 3133: 3129: 3123:Wayback Machine 3111: 3107: 3100: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3071: 3067: 3061:Curveiller 1989 3059: 3055: 3047: 3043: 3038: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3011: 3007: 2999: 2990: 2982: 2978: 2970: 2966: 2958: 2954: 2946: 2939: 2927:Livre de raison 2920: 2919: 2915: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2861: 2857: 2849: 2845: 2841:, p. xiii. 2837: 2833: 2825: 2818: 2805: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2781: 2772: 2768: 2763: 2720:Georges Marchal 2638:Dante Alighieri 2635: 2593:– August 1308, 2537:Blanche (1290, 2499: 2443: 2397: 2396: 2387: 2385: 2376: 2339: 2338: 2329: 2327: 2325:Charles the Bad 2228: 2227: 2218: 2216: 2200: 2198: 2173: 2171: 2158: 2157: 2148: 2146: 2144:Joan of Navarre 2133: 2132: 2123: 2114: 2112: 2005: 2004: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1975: 1973: 1962: 1957: 1944: 1943: 1934: 1928: 1927: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1901: 1900: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1875: 1873: 1871:Philip the Tall 1860: 1859: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1834: 1832: 1711: 1674: 1673: 1664: 1658: 1657: 1648: 1646: 1644:Philip the Fair 1633: 1632: 1623: 1621: 1619:Joan of Navarre 1498: 1497: 1488: 1486: 1484:Philip the Bold 1442: 1380: 1372:House of Valois 1340:Prevot of Paris 1264:Knights Templar 1252: 1214:Estates General 1205:Clericis Laicos 1178: 1140:Sainte-Chapelle 1132: 1105:of 152,000 LP ( 1076:livres tournois 1071: 1055: 1045: 970: 964: 958: 918: 899: 803:, English King 783:Homage of King 773: 762: 756: 753: 742: 730: 719: 714: 688: 614:, his father's 544: 516:kings of France 473:Knights Templar 442: 379:Bernard Saisset 352:King of Navarre 336:Philippe le Bel 328:Philip the Fair 285: 248: 247: 239: 223: 219: 216: 203: 198: 197:3 December 1314 188: 175: 124: 114:King of Navarre 87:Reims Cathedral 73: 64: 50: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5750: 5749: 5746: 5738: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5700:House of Capet 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5637: 5636: 5630: 5629: 5621:King of France 5617:King of Aragon 5614: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5571: 5569: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5530: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5514: 5508: 5506: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5454: 5452: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5430: 5428: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5411: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5399: 5394: 5388: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5351: 5349: 5343: 5342: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5318: 5316: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5275: 5273: 5271:House of Capet 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5242: 5240: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5218:García Ramírez 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5159: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5140:García Íñiguez 5137: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5124: 5115: 5113: 5112: 5105: 5098: 5090: 5081: 5080: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5066: 5060: 5058: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5047: 5040: 5034: 5032: 5025: 5024: 5022: 5021: 5014: 5007: 5002: 4996: 4994: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4983: 4976: 4970: 4968: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4957: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4924: 4922: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4903: 4901: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4731: 4729: 4726:House of Capet 4722: 4721: 4719: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4647: 4642: 4636: 4634: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4587:Childebert III 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4503: 4501: 4494: 4493: 4490: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4464: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4457: 4450: 4443: 4435: 4427: 4426: 4406: 4394: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4381: 4376:King of France 4372: 4367: 4363: 4362: 4361:Regnal titles 4358: 4357: 4340:House of Capet 4337: 4334: 4329: 4328: 4313: 4278: 4262: 4238: 4224:, ed. (1911). 4222:Chisholm, Hugh 4218: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4185: 4176: 4167: 4151: 4139:10.2307/598384 4133:(2): 265–268. 4116: 4110: 4086: 4077: 4071: 4051: 4042: 4029: 4016: 4007: 4001: 3978: 3972: 3959: 3953: 3940: 3890: 3889: 3883: 3863: 3854: 3848: 3835: 3829: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3773: 3743: 3736: 3718: 3710: 3690: 3675: 3656: 3654:, p. 141. 3644: 3642:, p. 276. 3629: 3614: 3612:, p. 275. 3599: 3587: 3574: 3565: 3553: 3526:(2): 117–148. 3504: 3502:, p. 226. 3500:Nicholson 2004 3492: 3485: 3467: 3452: 3431: 3429:, p. 145. 3414: 3402: 3395: 3374: 3355: 3328: 3305: 3293: 3276: 3251: 3232: 3215: 3203: 3176: 3174:, p. 120. 3161: 3155:Jean Richard, 3148: 3139: 3127: 3105: 3098: 3077: 3075:, p. 295. 3065: 3053: 3041: 3029: 3017: 3005: 2988: 2976: 2964: 2952: 2937: 2913: 2867: 2855: 2843: 2831: 2829:, p. 142. 2816: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2779: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2634: 2631: 2623: 2622: 2584: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2535: 2529: 2498: 2495: 2451:lying in state 2449:Philip's body 2442: 2439: 2436: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2380: 2378: 2374:Joan of Valois 2371: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2288: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2234: 2211: 2209: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2187: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2177: 2175: 2166: 2164: 2141: 2139: 2106: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2011: 1986: 1984: 1968: 1966: 1952: 1950: 1909: 1907: 1868: 1866: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1641: 1639: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1504: 1481: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1459: 1452: 1451: 1444:House of Capet 1441: 1440: 1433: 1426: 1418: 1379: 1376: 1303:Jean du Tillet 1268:military order 1251: 1248: 1177: 1174: 1131: 1128: 1107:livres parisis 1070: 1067: 1044: 1041: 1033:Pope Clement V 1000:of the Mongol 960:Main article: 957: 954: 917: 914: 849:The 1294–1303 775: 774: 733: 731: 724: 718: 715: 713: 710: 698:King's Council 687: 684: 667:personal union 635:Joseph Strayer 556:Seine-et-Marne 548:House of Capet 543: 540: 501:Avignon Papacy 497:Colonna family 350:, he was also 340:King of France 319: 318: 313: 309: 308: 303: 299: 298: 293: 287: 286: 284: 283: 278: 273: 268: 263: 257: 255: 241: 240: 221: 217: 212: 211: 209: 205: 204: 199: 195: 191: 190: 185: 181: 180: 172: 168: 167: 164: 163: 158: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 138: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 116: 110: 109: 104: 100: 99: 94: 90: 89: 83: 77: 76: 70: 66: 65: 58: 56:King of France 52: 51: 45: 37: 36: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5748: 5747: 5736: 5735:Sons of kings 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5612: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5600:Ferdinand III 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5563: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5524: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5500: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5446: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5422: 5416: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5404: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5389: 5387: 5385: 5384:House of Foix 5381: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5369: 5365: 5363: 5362: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5235: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5168:Jimeno Garcés 5166: 5164: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5152: 5146: 5145:Fortún Garcés 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5111: 5106: 5104: 5099: 5097: 5092: 5091: 5088: 5077: 5071: 5065: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5026: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5013: 5012: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4916: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4891: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4812: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4612:Childeric III 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4577:Theuderic III 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4542:Childebert II 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4495: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4456: 4451: 4449: 4444: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4433: 4425: 4424: 4416: 4415: 4411: 4404: 4403: 4402:as sole ruler 4397: 4391: 4387: 4386:Louis X and I 4378: 4377: 4370: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4347: 4342: 4341: 4332: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4234: 4228: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4208: 4203: 4202: 4198: 4191: 4186: 4182: 4177: 4173: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4094: 4087: 4083: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4064: 4061:. Princeton: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4037: 4030: 4025: 4024: 4017: 4013: 4008: 4004: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3965: 3960: 3956: 3950: 3946: 3941: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3886: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3867:Bradbury, Jim 3864: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3845: 3841: 3836: 3832: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3816: 3811: 3795: 3791: 3788:(in French). 3787: 3785: 3777: 3774: 3761: 3757: 3755: 3747: 3744: 3739: 3737:9788866446620 3733: 3729: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3694: 3691: 3687: 3686:Woodacre 2013 3682: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3667: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3645: 3641: 3640:Bradbury 2007 3636: 3634: 3630: 3627:, p. 30. 3626: 3625:Henneman 2015 3621: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3610:Bradbury 2007 3606: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3591: 3588: 3584: 3578: 3575: 3569: 3566: 3562: 3557: 3554: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3493: 3488: 3482: 3478: 3471: 3468: 3464: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3450:, p. 48. 3449: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3403: 3398: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3378: 3375: 3372:, p. 65. 3371: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3356: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3329: 3326:, p. 64. 3325: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3306: 3303:, p. 62. 3302: 3297: 3294: 3291:, p. 63. 3290: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3277: 3274:, p. 61. 3273: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3252: 3249:, p. 59. 3248: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3230:, p. 11. 3229: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3204: 3201:, p. 60. 3200: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3168: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3152: 3149: 3143: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3109: 3106: 3101: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3081: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3066: 3063:, p. 34. 3062: 3057: 3054: 3051:, p. 51. 3050: 3045: 3042: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3027:, p. 29. 3026: 3021: 3018: 3015:, p. 55. 3014: 3009: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2980: 2977: 2974:, p. 34. 2973: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2953: 2950:, p. 10. 2949: 2944: 2942: 2938: 2933: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2865:, p. 77. 2864: 2859: 2856: 2852: 2851:Woodacre 2013 2847: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2832: 2828: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2802: 2799: 2793: 2783: 2780: 2776: 2770: 2767: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2752: 2751: 2746: 2745: 2740: 2736: 2733:The court of 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2704:Maurice Druon 2701: 2697: 2693: 2692: 2687: 2686:The Iron King 2683: 2682:Le Roi de fer 2678: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2503: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2483:Fontainebleau 2480: 2476: 2472: 2464: 2459: 2452: 2447: 2440: 2405: 2395: 2391: 2384: 2375: 2337: 2333: 2326: 2314: 2311: 2303: 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1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1218: 1215: 1209: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1199:to issue the 1198: 1193: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1163: 1159: 1153: 1150: 1141: 1136: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1095: 1093: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1077: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1050: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 969: 963: 955: 953: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 915: 913: 911: 907: 903: 895: 891: 886: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 863:Auld Alliance 860: 856: 852: 847: 843: 840: 834: 832: 828: 823: 821: 816: 814: 810: 806: 802: 794: 790: 786: 781: 771: 768: 760: 750: 746: 740: 739: 734:This section 732: 728: 723: 722: 716: 711: 709: 707: 703: 699: 694: 685: 683: 681: 676: 672: 668: 663: 661: 656: 655:royal demesne 652: 648: 644: 639: 636: 633:chroniclers. 632: 628: 624: 619: 617: 613: 608: 606: 602: 598: 593: 590: 583: 579: 575: 571: 569: 568:King Louis IX 565: 561: 557: 553: 552:Fontainebleau 549: 541: 539: 538:(1337–1453). 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 438: 433: 431: 427: 423: 419: 416:country to a 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 386: 384: 380: 376: 375:le Roi de fer 372: 371:the Iron King 368: 365: 361: 357: 356:Philip I 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 317: 314: 310: 307: 304: 300: 297: 294: 292: 288: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 258: 256: 253: 252: 246: 242: 215: 210: 206: 202: 196: 192: 186: 182: 178: 173: 169: 165: 162: 159: 155: 152: 149: 145: 142: 139: 135: 131: 127: 122: 121: 115: 111: 108: 105: 101: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 82: 78: 71: 67: 62: 57: 53: 49: 43: 38: 33: 30: 26: 22: 5585:Ferdinand II 5366: 5359: 5278: 5135:Íñigo Arista 5075: 5064:Napoleon III 5042: 5016: 5009: 4978: 4952: 4906: 4898: 4893: 4854:Charles VIII 4784: 4622:Carolingians 4607:Theuderic IV 4597:Chilperic II 4592:Dagobert III 4572:Childeric II 4567:Chlothar III 4512:Childebert I 4498:Merovingians 4421: 4408: 4401: 4400: 4374: 4352: 4345: 4338: 4321: 4292: 4286: 4282: 4274:the original 4266:Rothbard, M. 4255: 4231: 4211: 4189: 4180: 4171: 4158: 4130: 4124: 4120: 4092: 4081: 4058: 4046: 4035: 4022: 4011: 3991: 3963: 3944: 3935: 3901: 3897: 3891: 3870: 3858: 3839: 3820: 3798:. 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Retrieved 3341: 3331: 3296: 3228:Strayer 1980 3206: 3156: 3151: 3142: 3130: 3114: 3108: 3089: 3080: 3068: 3056: 3044: 3020: 3008: 3003:, p. 9. 3001:Strayer 1980 2984:Strayer 1980 2979: 2967: 2960:Strayer 1980 2955: 2948:Strayer 1980 2932:the original 2926: 2916: 2883: 2879: 2870: 2858: 2846: 2839:Strayer 1980 2834: 2810: 2801: 2782: 2774: 2769: 2748: 2742: 2732: 2728:Tchéky Karyo 2695: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2679: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2641: 2636: 2624: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2598: 2546: 2508: 2468: 2393: 2335: 2224: 2206: 2154: 2129: 2120: 2001: 1981: 1940: 1924: 1897: 1881: 1856: 1840: 1670: 1654: 1643: 1629: 1494: 1395: 1381: 1353: 1322: 1320: 1308: 1298: 1284: 1277: 1261: 1223:Unam Sanctam 1221: 1219: 1210: 1203: 1194: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1170: 1166: 1161: 1158:livres, sous 1157: 1154: 1145: 1124:Paris Temple 1111: 1096: 1089: 1074: 1072: 1061: 1014: 986:Yuan dynasty 971: 919: 887: 855:in Aquitaine 848: 844: 835: 824: 817: 813:Fall of Acre 798: 793:Jean Fouquet 763: 754: 743:Please help 738:verification 735: 689: 664: 640: 620: 609: 594: 586: 545: 505: 434: 404:, to govern 387: 370: 366: 355: 327: 323: 322: 249: 118: 29: 5655:1314 deaths 5650:1268 births 5595:Charles VII 5512:Ferdinand I 5332:Charles III 5251:Theobald II 5057:(1852–1870) 5031:(1830–1848) 5000:Louis XVIII 4980:Napoleon II 4921:(1589–1792) 4899:(1422–1453) 4844:Charles VII 4817:(1328–1589) 4691:Charles III 4676:Carloman II 4652:(Charles I) 4650:Charlemagne 4602:Chlothar IV 4557:Sigebert II 4547:Chlothar II 4532:Chilperic I 4522:Charibert I 4174:. Amberley. 3904:: 282–334. 3671:Warner 2016 3652:Taylor 2006 3561:Barber 2012 3463:Lerner 1968 3427:Ozment 1980 3135:Street 1963 3086:Rossabi, M. 3073:Tucker 2010 3025:Barber 2012 2972:Warner 2016 2886:: 282–334. 2755:Ed Stoppard 2651:de l'argent 2543:Saint Denis 2521:– d. 1300, 2386:(1338–1380) 2377:(1343–1373) 2328:(1332–1387) 2217:(1319–1364) 2199:(1312–1377) 2172:(1308–1347) 2147:(1312–1349) 2137: 1316 1994:(1293–1350) 1974:(1284–1327) 1963: 1295 1917:(1294–1328) 1874:(1293–1322) 1833:(1289–1316) 1712:(1270–1325) 1647:(1268–1314) 1622:(1273–1305) 1487:(1245–1285) 1176:Revaluation 1130:Devaluation 879:its own war 820:La Rochelle 441:King Edward 418:centralized 406:the kingdom 137:Predecessor 120:jure uxoris 93:Predecessor 5639:Categories 5605:Isabella I 5590:Charles VI 5575:Philip VII 5536:Charles IV 5368:Blanche II 5361:Charles IV 5327:Charles II 5322:Philip III 5246:Theobald I 5228:Sancho VII 5188:Sancho III 4974:Napoleon I 4954:Louis XVII 4933:Louis XIII 4879:Charles IX 4874:Francis II 4839:Charles VI 4805:Charles IV 4780:Philip III 4770:Louis VIII 4735:Hugh Capet 4728:(987–1328) 4661:Charles II 4645:Carloman I 4627:Robertians 4552:Dagobert I 4537:Sigebert I 4517:Chlothar I 4380:1285–1314 4369:Philip III 4323:L'Histoire 3987:John Watts 3873:. London: 3448:Black 1982 3410:Adams 1982 3370:Torre 2010 3324:Torre 2010 3301:Torre 2010 3289:Torre 2010 3272:Torre 2010 3247:Torre 2010 3199:Torre 2010 3049:Wolfe 2009 2863:Field 2019 2794:References 2750:Knightfall 2724:miniseries 2659:Purgatorio 2633:In fiction 2567:Charles IV 1272:Latin East 1149:debasement 1119:Florentine 1062:Masse d'or 1047:See also: 851:Gascon War 757:April 2023 528:Charles IV 157:Co-monarch 97:Philip III 81:Coronation 5556:Charles V 5551:Philip VI 5541:Philip IV 5493:Charles V 5473:Louis III 5463:Henry III 5397:Catherine 5337:Blanche I 5299:Charles I 5294:Philip II 5223:Sancho VI 5213:Alfonso I 5198:Sancho IV 5178:Sancho II 5011:Louis XIX 5005:Charles X 4948:Louis XVI 4938:Louis XIV 4884:Henry III 4864:Francis I 4859:Louis XII 4834:Charles V 4824:Philip VI 4785:Philip IV 4765:Philip II 4760:Louis VII 4740:Robert II 4671:Louis III 4633:(751–987) 4582:Clovis IV 4562:Clovis II 4500:(509–751) 4242:Goyau, G. 3926:0076-5872 3918:2507-0436 3894:Brown, E. 3548:159316950 3348:8 January 2908:0076-5872 2900:2507-0436 2876:Brown, E. 2627:Edward II 1288:Clement V 1236:Clement V 1002:Ilkhanate 702:Parlement 647:Champagne 455:with the 437:a dispute 424:ruled in 422:his house 373:(French: 324:Philip IV 147:Successor 103:Successor 48:miniature 35:Philip IV 5580:Louis II 5546:Philip V 5517:Joan III 5488:Louis VI 5478:Louis IV 5468:Louis II 5439:Joan III 5434:Henry II 5415:John III 5279:Philip I 5203:Sancho V 5163:Sancho I 5117:Monarchs 4943:Louis XV 4928:Henry IV 4869:Henry II 4849:Louis XI 4800:Philip V 4775:Louis IX 4755:Louis VI 4750:Philip I 4706:Louis IV 4696:Robert I 4666:Louis II 4631:Bosonids 4507:Clovis I 4244:(1911). 4163:ABC-CLIO 4157:(2010). 4057:(1980). 3989:(eds.). 3869:(2007). 3790:AlloCiné 3716:Note 109 3385:(2001). 3383:Read, P. 3159:, p. 485 3119:Archived 3088:(2014). 2712:Philip V 2655:Inferno, 2648:Philippe 2607:Robertum 2573:Isabella 2561:Philip V 2549:, later 2169:Joan III 1368:Beguines 1364:Templars 930:Kortrijk 922:Flanders 906:Boulogne 894:Isabella 875:Flanders 867:Scotland 859:Flanders 831:Margaret 805:Edward I 785:Edward I 704:and the 693:monarchy 675:Pyrenees 625:against 524:Philip V 512:adultery 471:and the 390:nobility 179:, France 5623:. Also 5619:. Also 5483:Louis V 5458:Antoine 5374:Eleanor 5355:John II 5304:Joan II 5284:Louis I 5256:Henry I 5208:Peter I 5121:Navarre 5076:italics 5018:Henry V 4829:John II 4790:Louis X 4745:Henry I 4716:Louis V 4711:Lothair 4701:Rudolph 4656:Louis I 4527:Guntram 4254:(ed.). 4102:Ashgate 4098:Farnham 3812:Sources 3800:25 July 3766:25 July 2708:Louis X 2669:in the 2605:names " 2597:). The 2589:(1296, 2532:Louis X 2491:Louis X 1244:Avignon 1162:deniers 1114:Lombard 1017:Öljaitü 1006:Mamluks 946:Béthune 839:Gascony 799:As the 673:in the 631:Catalan 616:almoner 605:Charles 520:Louis X 426:Hungary 410:vassals 364:epithet 338:), was 251:more... 238: 222: 218: 151:Louis I 107:Louis X 61:more... 5289:John I 5261:Joan I 4795:John I 4423:Joan I 4420:With: 4396:Joan I 4351: 4309:565554 4307: 4147:598384 4145: 4108: 4069: 3999: 3985:& 3970: 3951: 3924: 3916: 3881: 3846: 3827: 3734: 3708: 3546: 3538: 3483: 3393: 3125:(1928) 3096: 2906: 2898: 2587:Robert 2513:were: 2471:stroke 2113:(1316) 1965:–1358) 1402:French 1392:flayed 1346:, the 1305:, 1550 1232:Anagni 1092:Saxony 1085:silver 1081:tonnes 1029:Levant 998:Arghun 978:Uyghur 974:Mongol 900: 898:Edward 809:homage 700:, the 578:Gisant 526:, and 493:Anagni 443: 414:feudal 394:clergy 367:le Bel 332:French 312:Mother 302:Father 281:Robert 228: 208:Spouse 194:Burial 161:Joan I 141:Joan I 5615:Also 4353:Died: 4346:Born: 4305:JSTOR 4250:. In 4143:JSTOR 3914:eISSN 3544:S2CID 3536:JSTOR 2896:eISSN 2761:Notes 2591:Paris 2539:Paris 2523:Paris 2519:Paris 2497:Issue 2441:Death 1356:lupus 1344:Seine 1301:, by 1182:livre 1103:tithe 996:with 990:China 980:monk 942:Douai 938:Lille 928:near 686:Reign 597:Louis 589:Louis 542:Youth 453:a war 346:with 296:Capet 291:House 245:Issue 236:) 224:( 220: 129:Reign 69:Reign 4629:and 4348:1268 4106:ISBN 4067:ISBN 3997:ISBN 3968:ISBN 3949:ISBN 3922:ISSN 3879:ISBN 3844:ISBN 3825:ISBN 3802:2015 3768:2015 3732:ISBN 3706:ISBN 3481:ISBN 3391:ISBN 3350:2020 3094:ISBN 2904:ISSN 2710:and 1366:and 1201:bull 1189:Jews 1160:and 1051:and 857:and 660:Lyon 651:Brie 649:and 483:the 469:Jews 451:and 400:and 392:and 234:1305 230:1284 184:Died 171:Born 5119:of 4686:Odo 4297:doi 4285:". 4135:doi 3906:doi 3528:doi 2888:doi 2741:in 2702:by 2601:of 1083:of 988:of 877:in 747:by 447:'s 354:as 5641:: 4320:, 4303:. 4293:94 4291:. 4230:. 4210:. 4141:. 4131:83 4100:: 4096:. 4065:. 3920:. 3912:. 3902:49 3900:. 3877:. 3678:^ 3659:^ 3632:^ 3617:^ 3602:^ 3542:. 3534:. 3524:39 3522:. 3516:. 3455:^ 3434:^ 3417:^ 3358:^ 3340:. 3308:^ 3279:^ 3254:^ 3235:^ 3218:^ 3179:^ 3164:^ 3032:^ 2991:^ 2940:^ 2924:, 2902:. 2894:. 2884:49 2882:. 2819:^ 2757:. 2677:. 2629:. 2493:. 2399:r. 2341:r. 2230:r. 2160:r. 2135:r. 2007:r. 1960:c. 1946:r. 1930:r. 1903:r. 1887:r. 1862:r. 1846:r. 1676:r. 1660:r. 1635:r. 1500:r. 1404:: 1374:. 940:, 912:. 902:II 618:. 570:. 522:, 518:: 432:. 381:, 334:: 226:m. 123:) 63:) 5627:. 5109:e 5102:t 5095:v 5078:. 4624:, 4454:e 4447:t 4440:v 4311:. 4299:: 4165:. 4149:. 4137:: 4114:. 4075:. 4005:. 3976:. 3957:. 3928:. 3908:: 3887:. 3852:. 3833:. 3804:. 3782:" 3770:. 3740:. 3714:. 3550:. 3530:: 3489:. 3399:. 3352:. 3102:. 2910:. 2890:: 2777:" 2773:" 2694:( 2621:. 2583:. 2557:. 2477:( 2465:. 2453:. 1958:( 1437:e 1430:t 1423:v 1400:( 795:. 770:) 764:( 759:) 755:( 741:. 554:( 445:I 330:( 117:( 59:( 27:.

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