337:. The blacks would be rewarded by gifts, pensions or even freedom for the most distinguished actions. Bart and Jean-Etienne-Bernard de Clugny issued an ordinance on 25 April 1761 concerning registration of land titles. Bart wrote in 1761 that a total of 8,000 whites were spread along more than 300 leagues of coastline, while almost 200,000 blacks, their slaves and their enemies, were around them day and night. It was necessary that these 8,000 whites be armed, as well as their women and children.
225:
276:. The declaration of war was not published in Paris until 16 June. From 29 June to 5 July various notables arrived in Dunkirk to review the situation there and consult with Captain Philippe-François Bart, commander of the navy at Dunkirk, and other heads of service. Bart was appointed Governor and Lieutenant General of Saint-Domingue on 1 October 1756, and was received by the Council of
246:
232:
313:
Jean-Baptiste
Laporte-Lalanne began to fear a famine. Wine and flour were very expensive at Cap François between October 1757 and February 1758, but then became more affordable. Although prices fluctuated considerably, neutral traders and New England Flag of Truce ships maintained supplies. On 13 May
325:
On 26 July 1757 Bart and
Laporte-Lalanne issued an ordinance defining improved postal service in the colony. On 14 February 1759 Bart issued an ordinance concerning choice of blacks to bear arms against enemies of the state, reviving and adapting an ordinance issued on 9 September 1709 by the
303:
with five ships of the line and a frigate from Saint
Domingue. Bart and Lalanne noted in a letter of 17 November 1758 that buccaneers, who could have been a great resource, had gradually disappeared since they could not find a living since the war had begun.
180:
in
October 1694. His mother was Marie Catherine Viguereux (23 August 1686 – 25 November 1741). In 1717 he entered the Collège de Quatre Nations in Paris. His brother Gaspard-François Bart entered the school three years later.
307:
In the first two years of the war there were no serious shortages in Saint
Domingue, but as the English tightened up control, including seizing neutral ships and imposing a blockade, Bart and the
345:
Gabriel de Bory was appointed to succeed Bart on 13 February 1761, and was received by the
Council of Le Cap on 30 March 1762. On 1 April 1764 Bart was promoted the squadron commander (
33:
291:, who commanded the Royal Navy in the French colonies in America. On 16 March 1757 a squadron from France under Bauffremont encountered the 50-gun HMS
213:(Fort-de-France), Martinique in 1753. On 2 June 1756 in Dunkirk he married Péronne Jeanne Elisabeth Huguet du Hallier (10 January 1737 – 10 May 1774).
224:
866:
821:
776:
902:
299:, Santo Domingo, and after a two day pursuit captured the ship, which was taken to Saint Domingue. On 5 June 1757 Bauffremont entered
259:
56:
327:
309:
694:
334:
194:
68:
202:
159:
675:
288:
897:
892:
352:
272:
was followed by a formal declaration of war against France by the
English. This was the start of the
768:
Wars of the
Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present
273:
190:
171:
167:
143:
837:
862:
817:
811:
772:
766:
749:
731:
713:
658:
347:
176:
856:
351:). He retired as squadron leader in 1764. On 1 January 1766 he was appointed a knight of the
793:
315:
281:
210:
139:
886:
296:
795:
Loix et constitutions des colonies franc̜oises de l'Amérique sous le vent: 1704-1721
450:
448:
446:
300:
163:
135:
640:
269:
155:
96:
277:
489:
487:
314:
1761 Bart and Clugny issued an ordinance authorizing formation of a
454:
287:
As governor, Bart had to provide continuous support to Prince
660:
Le port et le commerce maritime de
Dunkerque au XVIIIe siecle
624:
622:
371:
One source gives Bart's date of birth as 28 February 1703.
355:. Bart died on 12 March 1784 in Paris. He had no children.
418:
416:
284:
on 8 July 1757. He replaced Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud.
154:
Philippe-François Bart was born on 28 February 1706 in
134:(28 February 1706 – 12 March 1784) Grandson of Admiral
733:
Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire...
601:
589:
577:
565:
553:
505:
493:
403:
401:
399:
162:(1677–1755), and his grandfather was the privateer
117:
103:
83:
78:
62:
50:
32:
21:
268:The naval battle of 20 May 1756 and the taking of
166:(1650–1702). The Bart family had been ennobled by
792:Moreau de Saint-Méry, Médéric Louis Elie (1785),
748:La Landelle, Guillaume Joseph Gabriel de (1868),
138:, was a French naval officer who was Governor of
209:) on 1 April 1748. He was Lieutenant de port in
57:Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil
641:Chevalier Philippe François Bart ...Three Decks
433:
431:
676:"Chevalier Philippe François Bart (1706-1784)"
8:
751:Études marines. Jean Bart et Charles Keyser
628:
46:1 October 1757 – 13 February 1761
18:
613:
529:
142:(now Haiti) from 1757 to 1761 during the
478:
466:
422:
390:
280:on 14 March 1757, and by the Council of
383:
364:
517:
245:
217:Governor of Saint-Domingue (1756–1761)
541:
7:
715:Histoire de la bibliotheque mazarine
455:Philippe-François Bart, Ecole Navale
231:
407:
810:Pares, Richard (12 October 2012),
158:. His father was the vice-admiral
14:
437:
813:War and Trade in the West Indies
663:, Mémoires, Societe Dunkerquoise
244:
230:
223:
69:Gabriel de Bory de Saint-Vincent
1:
855:Vaissière, Pierre de (2013),
657:Bertrand, Raymond de (1864),
861:(in French), Рипол Классик,
193:in 1722. He was promoted to
903:Governors of Saint-Domingue
195:ship-of-the-line lieutenant
919:
34:Governor of Saint-Domingue
765:Marley, David F. (2008),
712:Franklin, Alfred (1969),
602:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
590:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
578:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
566:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
554:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
506:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
494:Moreau de Saint-Méry 1785
125:
74:
39:
28:
838:"Philippe-François Bart"
695:"Philippe François Bart"
203:ship-of-the-line captain
185:Naval career (1722–1756)
201:) in 1741. He became a
150:Early years (1706–1722)
341:Last years (1761–1784)
263:Saint Domingue (Haiti)
199:lieutenant de vaisseau
174:were published in the
132:Philippe-François Bart
23:Philippe-François Bart
730:Jal, Auguste (1872),
289:Joseph de Bauffremont
207:capitaine de vaisseau
353:Order of Saint Louis
260:class=notpageimage|
160:François Cornil Bart
16:French naval officer
693:Favre, Jean Hervé,
191:Gardes de la Marine
172:letters of nobility
320:bourse au commerce
868:978-5-88266-014-6
823:978-1-136-25905-0
778:978-1-59884-100-8
177:Mercure de France
129:
128:
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629:La Landelle 1868
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458:
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411:
405:
394:
388:
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316:commodity market
274:Seven Years' War
248:
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234:
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227:
189:Bart joined the
144:Seven Years' War
110:
94:28 February 1706
93:
91:
79:Personal details
65:
53:
44:
19:
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799:
798:, Chez l'auteur
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12:
11:
5:
916:
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906:
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858:Saint-Domingue
852:
834:
822:
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789:
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762:
745:
727:
709:
690:
672:
653:
651:
648:
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633:
631:, p. 437.
618:
616:, p. 115.
614:Vaissière 2013
606:
604:, p. 376.
594:
592:, p. 245.
582:
580:, p. 244.
570:
568:, p. 202.
558:
556:, p. 380.
546:
534:
530:Vaissière 2013
522:
520:, p. 429.
510:
498:
483:
481:, p. 313.
471:
469:, p. 311.
459:
442:
427:
425:, p. 249.
412:
410:, p. 122.
395:
393:, p. 367.
382:
380:
377:
374:
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363:
362:
360:
357:
348:chef d'escadre
342:
339:
282:Port-au-Prince
258:
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252:Port-au-Prince
251:
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186:
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140:Saint-Domingue
127:
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114:
111:(aged 78)
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54:
48:
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10:
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6:
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835:
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819:
816:, Routledge,
815:
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555:
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547:
543:
538:
535:
532:, p. 26.
531:
526:
523:
519:
514:
511:
507:
502:
499:
496:, p. vi.
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
479:Bertrand 1864
475:
472:
468:
467:Bertrand 1864
463:
460:
456:
451:
449:
447:
443:
439:
434:
432:
428:
424:
423:Franklin 1969
419:
417:
413:
409:
404:
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400:
396:
392:
391:Bertrand 1864
387:
384:
378:
368:
365:
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350:
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338:
336:
333:
329:
323:
322:) in Le Cap.
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121:Naval officer
120:
116:
113:Paris, France
107:12 March 1784
106:
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98:
86:
82:
77:
73:
70:
67:
61:
58:
55:
49:
43:
38:
35:
31:
27:
20:
872:, retrieved
857:
846:, retrieved
842:Ecole Navale
841:
827:, retrieved
812:
800:, retrieved
794:
782:, retrieved
771:, ABC-CLIO,
767:
755:, retrieved
750:
738:, retrieved
732:
720:, retrieved
714:
703:, retrieved
698:
684:, retrieved
679:
665:, retrieved
659:
636:
609:
597:
585:
573:
561:
549:
537:
525:
513:
508:, p. v.
501:
474:
462:
386:
367:
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331:
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308:
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292:
286:
267:
238:Cap François
206:
198:
188:
175:
153:
131:
130:
109:(1784-03-12)
64:Succeeded by
41:
898:1784 deaths
893:1706 births
844:(in French)
701:(in French)
682:(in French)
680:Three Decks
518:Marley 2008
52:Preceded by
887:Categories
874:7 November
848:2019-11-06
829:7 November
802:6 November
784:7 November
757:6 November
740:6 November
722:6 November
718:, Slatkine
705:2019-11-06
686:2019-11-06
667:6 November
542:Pares 2012
301:Louisbourg
297:Samaná Bay
211:Fort Royal
170:, and the
118:Occupation
90:1706-02-28
379:Citations
332:intendant
326:governor
310:intendant
293:Greenwich
168:Louis XIV
164:Jean Bart
136:Jean Bart
42:In office
699:Geneanet
544:, PT303.
408:Jal 1872
328:Choiseul
99:, France
650:Sources
270:Menorca
156:Dunkirk
97:Dunkirk
865:
820:
775:
736:, Plon
335:Mithon
278:Le Cap
438:Favre
359:Notes
295:near
876:2019
863:ISBN
831:2019
818:ISBN
804:2019
786:2019
773:ISBN
759:2019
742:2019
724:2019
669:2019
330:and
104:Died
84:Born
889::
840:,
697:,
678:,
621:^
486:^
445:^
430:^
415:^
398:^
146:.
643:.
457:.
440:.
318:(
205:(
197:(
92:)
88:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
