449:
748:
756:
825:
690:
2397:
561:
77:
2405:
70:
2389:
429:
569:
928:
437:
54:
1469:
2413:
877:
rebuilt the fortifications on the acropolis and in part of the city. These gradually helped to weaken Bulgar power and to strengthen the
Byzantine presence in the area. In 1077 Bishop Basil Kartzimopoulos rebuilt part of the defenses inside the city. The city began to prosper once more, as witnessed
785:
The prosperity of the city in the 5th and 6th centuries was attributed to Paul and to his ministry. As in other cities, many new ecclesiastical buildings were constructed at this time. Seven different churches were built in
Philippi between the mid-4th century and the end of the 6th, some of which
869:
in
Basilica B, now partially in ruins. The site of Philippi was so strategically sound that the Byzantines attempted to recapture it around 850. Several seals of civil servants and other Byzantine officials, dated to the first half of the 9th century, prove the presence of Byzantine armies in the
918:
visited the area in the 1540s there remained nothing but ruins, used by the Turks as a quarry. The name of the city survived – at first in a
Turkish village on the nearby plain, Philibedjik (Filibecik, "Little Filibe" in Turkish), which has since disappeared, and then in a Greek village in the
663:. Many monuments evidence its wealth – particularly imposing considering the relatively small size of the urban area: the forum, laid out in two terraces on both sides of the main road, was constructed in several phases between the reigns of the Emperors
502:). The discovery of new gold mines near the city, at Asyla, contributed to the wealth of the kingdom and Philip established a mint there. The city became fully integrated into the kingdom during the last years of the reign (221 to 179 BC) of
448:
644:(divided into squares of land) and distributed to the colonists. The city kept its Macedonian walls, and its general plan was modified only partially by the construction of a forum, a little to the east of the site of Greek
478:. Philip II endowed the city with important fortifications, which partially blocked the passage between the swamp and Mt. Orbelos, and sent colonists to occupy it. Philip also had the marsh partially drained, as the writer
840:
in 547, the city was almost totally destroyed by an earthquake around 619, from which it never recovered. There was a small amount of activity there in the 7th century, but the city was now hardly more than a village.
755:
747:
604:
on the plain to the west of the city during
October in 42 BC. Antony and Octavian won this final battle against the partisans of the Republic. They released some of their veteran soldiers, probably from
3111:
729:(the author of the Acts of the Apostles), Paul is believed to have preached for the first time on European soil in Philippi, leading to the conversion and baptism of the purple merchant,
2231:
806:. The complex cathedral which took the place of the Basilica of Paul at the end of the 5th century, constructed around an octagonal church, also rivaled the churches of Constantinople.
2266:
2109:
3116:
2694:
3131:
2628:
967:
and the
University of Thessalonica, uncovered the bishop's quarter and the octagonal church, large private residences, a new basilica near the Museum, and two others in the
460:
conquerors of the town aimed to take control of the neighbouring gold mines and to establish a garrison at a strategic passage: the site controlled the route between
1354:
2224:
3126:
1025:
671:(138–161), and the theatre was enlarged and expanded to hold Roman games. An abundance of Latin inscriptions also testifies to the prosperity of the city.
385:
in 2016 because of its exceptional Roman architecture, its urban layout as a smaller reflection of Rome itself, and its importance in early
Christianity.
3141:
2328:
2321:
1664:
935:
Although the site was briefly noted by earlier travellers, first modern archaeological description, based on a visit in 1856, was published in 1860 by
3091:
1493:
1381:
123:
2687:
2363:
2342:
2217:
955:, and continued until 1937. During this time the Greek theatre, the forum, Basilicas A and B, the baths, and the walls were excavated. After the
2643:
2240:
1488:
741:
1590:
2154:
1575:
1570:
948:
939:. This was followed by the more extensive investigations of the French Mission Archéologique de Macédoine in 1861, led by the archaeologist
803:
2680:
2349:
2138:
1428:
2423:
1433:
2335:
1246:
1344:
824:
689:
1702:
960:
3146:
1793:
1288:
M. Sève, "De la naissance à la mort d'une ville : Philippes en Macédoine (IVe siècle av. J.-C.–VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.)",
3086:
2150:
2046:
490:
287 BC) attests. Philippi preserved its autonomy within the kingdom of
Macedon and had its own political institutions (the
3136:
2370:
1374:
684:
1550:
1143:
69:
2286:
2279:
1778:
1717:
985:
964:
498:
100:
809:
In the same age, the Empire rebuilt the fortifications of the city to better defend against growing instability in the
2184:
2158:
2146:
2142:
2099:
2083:
1733:
1555:
1505:
1483:
1421:
1409:
980:
771:
inscription on the pavement, is dated around 343 from a mention by the bishop
Porphyrios, who attended the Council of
457:
1585:
836:
invasions at the end of the 6th century – which ruined the agrarian economy of
Macedonia – and probably also by the
2981:
2963:
2314:
2307:
2189:
2179:
1545:
1520:
1498:
1323:
763:
The first church described in the city is a small building that was probably originally a small prayer-house. This
734:
710:
3121:
3101:
3096:
3081:
3060:
2472:
2078:
1671:
1605:
492:
374:
33:
2635:
2437:
1681:
1367:
234:
2396:
577:
1154:
1132:
2622:
2581:
2574:
2051:
1580:
1560:
1121:
58:
Ruins of the centre of the city. The forum in the foreground, the market and the Basilica in the background.
2647:
2300:
1565:
597:
417:, on the northern border of the marsh that, in antiquity, covered the entire plain separating it from the
648:. It was a "miniature Rome", under the municipal law of Rome, and governed by two military officers, the
2465:
2272:
2103:
1440:
537:
617:
from 27 BC. He reorganized the colony and established more settlers there, veterans (possibly from the
737:
dates from around 61–62 and is generally assumed to show the immediate effects of Paul's instruction.
2868:
2567:
1978:
1768:
1738:
1620:
1535:
1510:
1416:
908:
874:
706:
518:
422:
410:
362:
1763:
560:
532:
Almost nothing is known about the city in this period, but archeological remains include walls, the
2508:
2458:
1748:
1649:
1525:
1404:
862:
837:
779:
726:
680:
503:
382:
210:
194:
1317:
733:. According to the New Testament, Paul visited the city on two other occasions, in 56 and 57. The
2755:
2560:
2356:
2061:
1637:
1615:
1444:
1390:
657:
The colony recognized its dependence on the mines that brought it its privileged position on the
601:
593:
507:
111:
2404:
3054:
2916:
2652:
2553:
2451:
1937:
1712:
1707:
1530:
1458:
1242:
1067:
730:
514:
2837:
2704:
2661:
2513:
2444:
2293:
2095:
1999:
1907:
1875:
1773:
1686:
1659:
1627:
1610:
1239:
Philippes, colonie romaine d'Orient : Recherches d'histoire institutionnelle et sociale
1079:
956:
944:
845:
818:
714:
618:
428:
269:
751:
Ruins of a large, three-aisled early Christian Basilica (Basilica A), end of 5th century AD
640:
Following this second renaming, and perhaps after the first, the territory of Philippi was
568:
3106:
2969:
2892:
2737:
2725:
2594:
2523:
2248:
2124:
2016:
1944:
1854:
1743:
1676:
1642:
1632:
1540:
1515:
1348:
952:
927:
2388:
1341:
1097:
1015:
436:
3036:
2609:
1989:
1984:
1969:
1959:
1927:
1839:
1600:
1595:
1167:
940:
936:
890:
833:
791:
702:
668:
469:
418:
366:
344:
326:
1207:
951:
began in the summer of 1914, were renewed in 1920 after an interruption caused by the
794:. The relationship of the plan and of the architectural decoration of Basilica B with
3075:
3042:
2880:
2480:
1964:
1922:
1849:
1788:
1783:
1758:
1753:
1209:
Philippes, ville de Macédoine, depuis ses origines jusqu'à la fin de l'époque romaine
1020:
722:
698:
614:
581:
533:
821:
besieged the city; they failed to take it but burned down the surrounding villages.
778:
Despite Philippi having one of the oldest congregations in Europe, attestation of a
544:. This monument covers the tomb of a certain Exekestos, is possibly situated on the
53:
3048:
2874:
2657:
2490:
2073:
1917:
1809:
1275:
915:
795:
787:
744:
addressed to the community in Philippi around AD 160 and by funerary inscriptions.
641:
634:
606:
479:
705:
during his second missionary journey (likely in AD 49 or 50). On the basis of the
2209:
1190:
2910:
2261:
2174:
2090:
2004:
1954:
1932:
1897:
1654:
899:
799:
659:
585:
474:
468:, part of the great royal route which runs east-west across Macedonia which the
2672:
1468:
1257:
Philippes ville de Macédoine de ses origines jusqu'à la fin de l'époque romaine
802:
in Constantinople accorded a privileged place to this church in the history of
2862:
2844:
2066:
2056:
2030:
1949:
1453:
968:
849:
814:
526:
461:
406:
1331:
138:
125:
2922:
2546:
2531:
2412:
1994:
1912:
904:
879:
866:
541:
882:, who mentions it as a centre of business and wine production around 1150.
613:. From 30 BC Octavian established his control of the Roman state, becoming
529:(rather than Philippi) became the capital of the eastern Macedonian state.
373:
is located near the ruins of the ancient city and is part of the region of
1083:
17:
3000:
2975:
2898:
1864:
1834:
1819:
1316:
897:. Still, it remained a notable fortification on the route of the ancient
664:
650:
630:
589:
370:
358:
96:
1029:. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 390.
893:
and the capture of Constantinople in 1204, the city was captured by the
3018:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2928:
2904:
2827:
2821:
2803:
2785:
2779:
2719:
2589:
2536:
2485:
2256:
2129:
1902:
1844:
810:
441:
1280:
Philippes et la Macédoine orientale à l'époque chrétienne et byzantine
1040:
413:, now called Mt. Lekani, about 13 km (8.1 mi) north-west of
223:
3030:
2886:
2850:
2815:
2773:
2743:
2731:
2599:
2540:
2500:
2431:
2025:
1974:
1892:
1869:
1859:
1824:
1814:
1359:
914:
The city was abandoned at an unknown date. When the French traveller
886:
854:
786:
competed in size and decoration with the most beautiful buildings in
768:
465:
414:
402:
398:
378:
340:
959:, Greek archaeologists returned to the site. From 1958 to 1978, the
654:, who were appointed directly from Rome, similar to Roman colonies.
3012:
3006:
2994:
2988:
2833:
2809:
2767:
2761:
2749:
2617:
2114:
2011:
1829:
926:
894:
858:
823:
772:
754:
746:
718:
645:
559:
545:
427:
1047:. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization
717:
concluded that Paul had founded their community. Accompanied by
2676:
2213:
1363:
1014:
931:
The ruins of Direkler (Basilica B), drawn by H. Daumet in 1861.
3024:
740:
The development of Christianity in Philippi is indicated by a
521:(168 BC), they divided the kingdom into four separate states (
381:, Greece. The archaeological site was classified as a UNESCO
348:
330:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
317:
308:
290:
1355:
Apostle Paul to Philippi: Sowing the Seeds of Christianity
693:
Floor mosaic with the name of St. Paul, Octagonal Basilica
339:) was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island,
302:
284:
275:
1337:
629:
after January, 27 BC, when Octavian received the title
29:
Ancient city in eastern Macedonia, in the Edonis region
2267:
Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki
365:
in 356 BC and abandoned in the 14th century after the
848:
possibly maintained a garrison there, but in 838 the
609:
XXVIII, to colonize the city, which was refounded as
311:
299:
272:
1327:. Vol. XVIII (9th ed.). 1885. p. 746.
1068:"Décret pour un bienfaiteur de la cité de Philippes"
314:
305:
287:
281:
2937:
2795:
2711:
2608:
2522:
2499:
2422:
2247:
2167:
2039:
1885:
1802:
1726:
1695:
1476:
1397:
472:reconstructed in the 2nd century BC as part of the
296:
278:
249:
241:
229:
219:
209:
201:
192:
183:
175:
167:
162:
154:
117:
107:
92:
3112:Populated places established in the 4th century BC
861:took the city and celebrated their victory with a
401:colonists established a settlement at Crenides in
361:colonists in 360/359 BC. The city was renamed by
1228:Philippi at the Time of Paul and after His Death
452:Relief decorations by Philip II (4th century BC)
425:conquered the city and renamed it to Philippi.
580:(43–42 BC) that followed the assassination of
2688:
2225:
1375:
576:The city reappears in the sources during the
8:
3117:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Greece
39:
701:records a visit to the city by the apostle
685:Early centers of Christianity § Greece
621:) and other Italians. The city was renamed
3132:Archaeological sites in Macedonia (Greece)
2695:
2681:
2673:
2232:
2218:
2210:
1665:Provisional Government of National Defence
1382:
1368:
1360:
1298:Ch. Koukouli-Chrysanthaki, Ch. Bakirtzis,
1168:"Daton, Néopolis, les ruines de Philippes"
52:
38:
1008:
1006:
688:
567:
447:
435:
357:"Fountains") after its establishment by
1002:
592:confronted the forces of the assassins
536:, the foundations of a house under the
2644:Monastery of Saint John the Theologian
2155:Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki
1189:Heuzey, Léon; Daumet, Honoré (1876).
1072:Bulletin de correspondance hellénique
923:Archaeological excavation of the site
248:
240:
228:
218:
208:
200:
191:
7:
2600:Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae
552:), the foundation hero of the city.
2139:Archaeological Museum of Amphipolis
2110:Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki
1351:by Jona Lendering (ancient history)
911:, was captured there by the Serbs.
540:and a little temple dedicated to a
405:in 360/359 BC near the head of the
3127:Populated places in ancient Greece
1192:Mission Archéologique de Macédoine
627:Colonia Augusta Iulia Philippensis
343:. Its original name was Crenides (
25:
3142:Former populated places in Greece
2788:(returns to beginning of journey)
2336:Church of Saint Nicholas Orphanos
1591:Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)
1226:Ch. Bakirtzis, H. Koester (ed.),
1212:. Paris: Boccard. pp. 25–36.
1041:"Archaeological Site of Philippi"
782:dates only from the 4th century.
548:and is dedicated to the κτίστης (
369:conquest. The present village of
3092:Roman towns and cities in Greece
1703:Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace
1576:Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
1571:Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328
1467:
961:Archaeological Society of Athens
903:; in 1354, the pretender to the
885:After a brief occupation by the
268:
76:
75:
68:
1794:Thessaloniki International Fair
1282:, Ed. De Boccard, Paris, 1945.
1195:. Paris: Didot. pp. 1–124.
1013:Bourchier, James David (1911).
205:Archaeological Site of Philippi
2241:World Heritage Sites in Greece
2151:Archaeological Museum of Pella
1302:Athens, second edition, 1997.
1267:Philippi: Archaeological Guide
1066:Hatzopoulos, Miltiade (1993).
742:letter from Polycarp of Smyrna
513:When the Romans destroyed the
421:to the south. In 356 BC, King
1:
2147:Archaeological Museum of Dion
1241:. École française d'Athènes.
611:Colonia Victrix Philippensium
487:
483:
2287:Church of the Acheiropoietos
1779:Ptolemaida-Florina coal mine
1718:Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
986:List of ancient Greek cities
965:Greek Archaeological Service
101:Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
2329:Church of the Holy Apostles
2322:Church of Saint Panteleimon
2159:Museum of Byzantine culture
2143:Aiani Archaeological Museum
1734:Agios Dimitrios Power Plant
1556:Sack of Thessalonica (1185)
1506:Wars of Alexander the Great
981:Decree of Philippi, 242 BCE
3163:
2315:Church of Panagia Chalkeon
1546:Sack of Thessalonica (904)
1292:n° 1, juin 2000, 187–204.
1265:G. Gounaris, E. Gounaris,
735:Epistle to the Philippians
678:
623:Colonia Iulia Philippensis
349:
331:
195:UNESCO World Heritage Site
31:
2385:
2343:Church of Saint Catherine
2294:Church of Saint Demetrios
2198:
1606:Greek War of Independence
1465:
1098:"Philippi – Smart Travel"
1045:World Heritage Convention
949:École française d'Athènes
711:letter to the Philippians
584:in 44 BC. Caesar's heirs
375:East Macedonia and Thrace
257:
188:
63:
51:
44:
34:Philippi (disambiguation)
2438:Temple of Athena Pronaia
2364:Church of Prophet Elijah
1682:Macedonia naming dispute
1551:Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
1166:Perrot, Georges (1860).
832:Already weakened by the
2623:Medieval City of Rhodes
2052:Alexandrion (Litochoro)
1581:Zealots of Thessalonica
1561:Kingdom of Thessalonica
1334:– Catholic Encyclopedia
1324:Encyclopædia Britannica
1102:Philippi – Smart Travel
1026:Encyclopædia Britannica
878:by the Arab geographer
3147:350s BC establishments
2648:Cave of the Apocalypse
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2308:Church of Hagia Sophia
2201:Greek Macedonia Portal
1586:Byzantine–Ottoman wars
1566:Empire of Thessalonica
1347:7 October 2014 at the
1269:, Thessaloniki, 2004.
1206:Collart, Paul (1937).
932:
863:monumental inscription
829:
760:
752:
694:
598:Gaius Cassius Longinus
573:
565:
453:
445:
433:
3087:Roman sites in Greece
2629:Grand Master's Palace
2466:Stoa of the Athenians
2415:
2407:
2399:
2391:
2350:Church of the Saviour
2104:Tomb of the Palmettes
1536:Theme of Thessalonica
1441:Macedonian Bulgarians
1084:10.3406/bch.1993.1682
947:. Excavations by the
930:
827:
758:
750:
692:
578:Liberators' civil war
571:
563:
451:
439:
431:
139:41.01306°N 24.28639°E
3137:New Testament cities
2568:Tomb of Clytemnestra
1979:Pindus National Park
1769:Port of Thessaloniki
1739:Amyntaio Power Plant
1511:Wars of the Diadochi
1429:Jews of Thessaloniki
1417:Macedonians (Greeks)
1230:, Harrisburg, 1998.
909:Matthew Cantacuzenus
875:Nicephorus II Phocas
873:Around 969, Emperor
707:Acts of the Apostles
594:Marcus Junius Brutus
519:Third Macedonian War
423:Philip II of Macedon
363:Philip II of Macedon
32:For other uses, see
2509:Acropolis of Athens
2084:Hellenistic theatre
2079:Archaeological Park
1650:Macedonian Struggle
1526:Barbarian invasions
1405:Ancient Macedonians
1237:Brelaz, C. (2018).
1172:Revue archéologique
838:Plague of Justinian
804:early Christian art
790:, or with those of
681:Diocese of Philippi
675:Early Christian era
504:Philip V of Macedon
432:The ancient theatre
383:World Heritage Site
135: /
84:Shown within Greece
41:
2756:Antioch of Pisidia
2561:Treasury of Atreus
2417:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2357:Vlatades Monastery
2062:Lion of Amphipolis
1638:Sanjak of Salonica
1616:Sanjak of Monastir
1531:Theme of Macedonia
1445:Ethnic Macedonians
1391:Macedonia (Greece)
971:east of the city.
963:, followed by the
943:and the architect
933:
830:
767:, identified by a
761:
753:
695:
602:Battle of Philippi
574:
566:
517:of Macedon in the
508:Perseus of Macedon
454:
446:
434:
202:Official name
144:41.01306; 24.28639
3069:
3068:
2670:
2669:
2653:Nea Moni of Chios
2638:
2631:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2554:Tomb of Aegisthus
2549:
2491:Old Town of Corfu
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2452:Athenian Treasury
2447:
2440:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2301:Latomou Monastery
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2207:
2206:
2100:Tomb of Judgement
1938:Small Prespa Lake
1713:Central Macedonia
1708:Western Macedonia
1621:Sanjak of Serfiğe
1484:Ancient Macedonia
1459:Megleno-Romanians
731:Lydia of Thyatira
515:Antigonid dynasty
261:
260:
215:Cultural: iii, iv
16:(Redirected from
3154:
3122:Thasian colonies
3102:Pauline churches
3097:Coloniae (Roman)
3082:Ancient Philippi
2838:Alexandria Troas
2705:Paul the Apostle
2697:
2690:
2683:
2674:
2662:Heraion of Samos
2634:
2627:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2514:Daphni Monastery
2473:Temple of Apollo
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2211:
2047:Agios Athanasios
2000:Vermio Mountains
1774:Prinos oil field
1687:Prespa agreement
1660:Macedonian front
1628:Salonica Vilayet
1611:Manastir Vilayet
1541:Theme of Strymon
1471:
1448:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1361:
1328:
1320:
1318:"Philippi"
1305:
1295:
1290:Histoire urbaine
1285:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1233:
1214:
1213:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1163:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1018:
1016:"Philippi"
1010:
957:Second World War
846:Byzantine Empire
828:View of Philippi
819:Theodoric Strabo
765:Basilica of Paul
725:and possibly by
715:early Christians
619:Praetorian Guard
506:or the reign of
489:
485:
352:
351:
334:
333:
324:
323:
320:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
293:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
250:Buffer zone
150:
149:
147:
146:
145:
140:
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
79:
78:
72:
56:
42:
21:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3065:
2933:
2791:
2707:
2701:
2671:
2666:
2604:
2518:
2495:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2383:
2243:
2238:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2163:
2125:Platamon Castle
2035:
2017:Voras Mountains
1945:Lake Vegoritida
1881:
1798:
1744:Drama coal mine
1722:
1691:
1677:Greek Civil War
1672:Axis occupation
1643:Sanjak of Siroz
1633:Sanjak of Drama
1521:Roman Macedonia
1516:Macedonian Wars
1472:
1463:
1438:
1434:Slavic speakers
1393:
1388:
1349:Wayback Machine
1315:
1312:
1303:
1293:
1283:
1270:
1260:
1259:, Paris, 1937.
1249:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1178:: 45–52, 67–77.
1165:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1149:
1144:Philippians 1:1
1142:
1138:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1104:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1012:
1011:
1004:
999:
994:
977:
953:First World War
925:
687:
677:
667:(41–54 AD) and
558:
409:at the foot of
396:
391:
295:
271:
267:
197:
143:
141:
137:
134:
129:
126:
124:
122:
121:
88:
87:
86:
85:
82:
81:
80:
59:
47:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3160:
3158:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3074:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2799:
2797:
2796:Second journey
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2677:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2655:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2636:Fortifications
2632:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2610:Aegean Islands
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2582:Grave Circle B
2578:
2575:Grave Circle A
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2428:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2371:Byzantine Bath
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1985:Petralona cave
1982:
1972:
1970:Pangaion Hills
1967:
1962:
1960:Nestos (river)
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1930:
1928:Lake Orestiada
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1764:Port of Kavala
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1696:Administration
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1608:
1603:
1601:Rumelia Eyalet
1598:
1596:Ottoman Greece
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1431:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1335:
1329:
1311:
1310:External links
1308:
1307:
1306:
1296:
1286:
1273:
1263:
1253:
1247:
1234:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1198:
1181:
1158:
1147:
1136:
1125:
1114:
1089:
1058:
1032:
1021:Chisholm, Hugh
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
988:
983:
976:
973:
937:Georges Perrot
924:
921:
891:Fourth Crusade
792:Constantinople
676:
673:
669:Antoninus Pius
557:
554:
470:Roman Republic
444:of the theatre
419:Pangaion Hills
395:
392:
390:
387:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
213:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
94:
90:
89:
83:
74:
73:
67:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
45:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3159:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:Third journey
2936:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:First journey
2710:
2706:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:Hosios Loukas
2479:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2380:
2377:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:Strymon River
1988:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1965:Mount Olympus
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1923:Lake Koroneia
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:Galikos River
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Stratoni mine
1787:
1785:
1784:Skouries mine
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:Piavitsa mine
1757:
1755:
1754:Olympias mine
1752:
1750:
1749:Gerakini mine
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1248:9782869582996
1244:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1155:Acts 16:12–40
1151:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:(in French).
1073:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1009:
1007:
1003:
996:
991:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
974:
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
945:Honoré Daumet
942:
938:
929:
922:
920:
917:
912:
910:
906:
902:
901:
896:
892:
888:
883:
881:
876:
871:
868:
864:
860:
857:
856:
851:
847:
842:
839:
835:
826:
822:
820:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
783:
781:
776:
774:
770:
766:
757:
749:
745:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:New Testament
691:
686:
682:
674:
672:
670:
666:
662:
661:
655:
653:
652:
647:
643:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
615:Roman emperor
612:
608:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:Julius Caesar
579:
570:
562:
555:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:Greek theatre
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
509:
505:
501:
500:
495:
494:
481:
477:
476:
471:
467:
463:
459:
450:
443:
438:
430:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
393:
388:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
346:
342:
338:
328:
322:
265:
256:
252:
244:
236:
232:
225:
222:
214:
212:
204:
196:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
157:
153:
148:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
91:
71:
62:
55:
50:
43:
35:
27:
19:
2875:Thessalonica
2856:
2703:Journeys of
2658:Pythagoreion
2378:
2200:
2134:
2119:
2021:
1918:Lake Kerkini
1874:
1810:Thessaloniki
1803:Major cities
1439:
1322:
1304:(in English)
1299:
1289:
1279:
1266:
1256:
1255:P. Collart,
1238:
1232:(in English)
1227:
1208:
1201:
1191:
1184:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1150:
1139:
1128:
1122:Acts 16:9–10
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1101:
1092:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1044:
1035:
1024:
934:
916:Pierre Belon
913:
898:
884:
872:
853:
843:
831:
808:
796:Hagia Sophia
788:Thessalonica
784:
777:
764:
762:
739:
696:
658:
656:
649:
639:
635:Roman Senate
626:
622:
610:
575:
549:
531:
522:
512:
497:
491:
480:Theophrastus
473:
455:
397:
354:
336:
263:
262:
179:14th century
26:
2262:Mount Athos
2175:Vergina Sun
2091:Mount Athos
1955:Mount Paiko
1933:Lake Prespa
1898:Doiran Lake
1893:Axios River
1655:Balkan Wars
1294:(in French)
1284:(in French)
1261:(in French)
1078:: 315–326.
1051:10 December
941:Léon Heuzey
919:mountains.
900:Via Egnatia
815:Ostrogothic
800:Saint Irene
775:that year.
660:Via Egnatia
642:centuriated
625:, and then
586:Mark Antony
572:Roman grave
538:Roman forum
475:Via Egnatia
411:Mt. Orbelos
233:2016 (40th
230:Inscription
142: /
118:Coordinates
3076:Categories
2863:Amphipolis
2845:Samothrace
2273:City Walls
2067:Kasta Tomb
2057:Amphipolis
2031:Ammouliani
1950:Lake Volvi
1494:Government
1454:Aromanians
1276:P. Lemerle
1271:(in Greek)
1133:Acts 16:12
1107:5 December
992:References
969:necropolis
889:after the
850:Bulgarians
817:troops of
759:Basilica B
679:See also:
527:Amphipolis
462:Amphipolis
458:Macedonian
407:Aegean Sea
394:Foundation
253:176.291 ha
184:Site notes
158:Settlement
130:24°17′11″E
127:41°00′47″N
18:Philippian
3061:Jerusalem
3049:Ptolemais
2982:Macedonia
2976:Cenchreae
2964:Macedonia
2923:Jerusalem
2899:Cenchreae
2869:Apollonia
2547:Lion Gate
2532:Epidaurus
2459:Gymnasium
2040:Monuments
1995:Vasilitsa
1913:Haliacmon
997:Citations
905:Byzantine
880:Al Idrisi
867:stylobate
813:. In 473
798:and with
780:bishopric
633:from the
564:The forum
556:Roman era
542:hero cult
337:Phílippoi
245:87.545 ha
220:Reference
176:Abandoned
112:Macedonia
3055:Caesarea
3001:Mytilene
2917:Caesarea
2857:Philippi
2851:Neapolis
2726:Seleucia
2646:and the
2379:Philippi
2135:Museums
2120:Philippi
1865:Siatista
1835:Katerini
1820:Kastoria
1345:Archived
1342:Philippi
1332:Philippi
1300:Philippi
975:See also
907:throne,
709:and the
665:Claudius
651:duumviri
631:Augustus
590:Octavian
493:Assembly
466:Neapolis
371:Filippoi
355:Krēnĩdes
350:Κρηνῖδες
332:Φίλιπποι
264:Philippi
211:Criteria
97:Filippoi
93:Location
46:Φίλιπποι
40:Philippi
3019:Miletus
2984:(again)
2970:Corinth
2958:Ephesus
2952:Phrygia
2946:Galatia
2929:Antioch
2905:Ephesus
2893:Corinth
2828:Galatia
2822:Phrygia
2804:Cilicia
2786:Antioch
2780:Attalea
2762:Iconium
2738:Salamis
2720:Antioch
2595:Olympia
2590:Mystras
2537:Mycenae
2486:Meteora
2424:Central
2280:Rotunda
2190:Cuisine
2168:Culture
2130:Vergina
2022:Islands
1903:Falakro
1845:Florina
1727:Economy
1489:History
1477:History
1221:Sources
1023:(ed.).
865:on the
811:Balkans
773:Serdica
723:Timothy
600:at the
550:ktístēs
523:merides
496:of the
442:parodos
399:Thasian
389:History
367:Ottoman
359:Thasian
235:Session
168:Founded
163:History
3107:356 BC
3037:Patara
3031:Rhodes
2887:Athens
2881:Beroea
2816:Lystra
2774:Lystra
2744:Paphos
2732:Cyprus
2541:Tiryns
2501:Attica
2445:Tholos
2432:Delphi
2026:Thasos
1975:Pindus
1886:Nature
1870:Kilkis
1860:Kozani
1855:Naousa
1840:Edessa
1825:Serres
1815:Kavala
1398:People
1338:Livius
1245:
887:Franks
870:city.
855:kavhan
852:under
834:Slavic
769:mosaic
607:Legion
486:371 –
415:Kavala
403:Thrace
379:Kavala
341:Thasos
171:356 BC
108:Region
103:Greece
3013:Samos
3007:Chios
2995:Assos
2989:Troas
2911:Syria
2834:Mysia
2810:Derbe
2768:Derbe
2750:Perga
2618:Delos
2524:South
2257:Aigai
2249:North
2185:Music
2115:Pella
2096:Mieza
2012:Verno
1876:Other
1850:Drama
1830:Veria
1499:Kings
1019:. In
895:Serbs
859:Isbul
721:, by
719:Silas
646:agora
546:agora
499:demos
440:West
345:Greek
327:Greek
3059:20.
3053:19.
3047:18.
3043:Tyre
3041:17.
3035:16.
3029:15.
3023:14.
3017:13.
3011:12.
3005:11.
2999:10.
2927:20.
2921:19.
2915:18.
2909:17.
2903:16.
2897:15.
2891:14.
2885:13.
2879:12.
2873:11.
2867:10.
2784:10.
2742:3b.
2736:3a.
2660:and
2539:and
2180:Flag
2074:Dion
2005:Seli
1422:List
1410:List
1243:ISBN
1176:1860
1109:2020
1053:2022
844:The
727:Luke
703:Paul
697:The
683:and
596:and
588:and
464:and
456:The
242:Area
224:1517
155:Type
3025:Cos
2993:9.
2987:8.
2980:7.
2974:6.
2968:5.
2962:4.
2956:3.
2950:2.
2944:1.
2861:9.
2855:9.
2849:8.
2843:7.
2832:6.
2826:5.
2820:4.
2814:3.
2808:2.
2802:1.
2778:9.
2772:8.
2766:7.
2760:6.
2754:5.
2748:4.
2730:3.
2724:2.
2718:1.
1080:doi
1076:117
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377:in
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2157:,
2153:,
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2141:,
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2102:,
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1278:,
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1170:.
1100:.
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1005:^
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488:c.
484:c.
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1977:(
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312:ˌ
309:ə
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288:p
285:ɪ
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279:ˈ
276:ɪ
273:f
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266:(
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36:.
20:)
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