624:
10 hectares into demonstration farms. As part of the
Miscellaneous Environmental Improvements Program, it rehabilitated, repaired or undertook minor construction work on 2 airstrips; 94 kilometers of roads; 47 buildings; 12 outposts; and 245 wells. The mission also trained 32 people in the use and maintenance of equipment; 138 in the field of health education; and provided professional training to 217 people. The PHILCAG also resettled 1,065 families, distributed 162,623 pounds of food boxes and sponsored 14 hamlets. Under the Medical-Civic Action Program, the PHILCAG contributed to 724,715 medical missions, 218,609 dental missions and 35,844 surgical missions.
644:
471:
1435:
435:
1819:
1446:
372:
2031:
2043:
608:
1392:
1317:
295:, as the direction was to transform the activities from a non-profit to commercial. ECoy would be headed by Col. Frisco San Juan, and would receive contracts wherein Vietnamese talent pool was not able to produce the technical staff to maintain and operate American made equipment. ECoy would continue its work into the late 1960s.
623:
states during its mobilization the PHILCAG in
Vietnam constructed 116.4 kilometers of roads, 11 bridges, 169 buildings, 10 towers, 7 schools, 194 culverts and 54 refugee centers. The PHILCAG also cleared 7,78 hectares of forest land, converted 2,225 hectares into community projects, and transformed
446:
requested from the
Congress to appropriate funds for a 2nd contingent, and Republic Act 6446 was passed and signed on July 14, 1966, with an authorized budget of PhP 35 million. Johnson on the other hand pressed Marcos to send more, but Marcos was more concerned in presenting himself as an Asian
535:
By
January 1967, the local population at Tay Ninh saw the positive results of the projects implemented by the PHILCAG. The Viet Cong coordinated attacks in to disrupt the work on the resettlement camp at Thanh Dien, 3kms south of the PHILCAG base. In addition to the attacks, the insurgents
667:. While the United States provided the logistical requirements, transport, equipping 3 engineering battalions, as well as 2 anti-smuggling patrol ships, the scandal that rocked the administration was on the arrangement that the American taxpayers were shouldering the combat pay or
466:
of the Viet Cong and elements of the People Army of
Vietnam commenced their attack on the Tay Ninh Combat Base. The 196th and the PHILCAG encountered surprise attacks from various directions in the next two days. The PHILCAG would have 4 casualties during the said battles.
185:
for combat troops. While combat troops were sent, the main mission given to PHILCAG was in the area of pacification, civic engagement, engineering, and medical missions. At its peak, the PHILCAG-V had more than 182 officers and 1,882 enlisted personnel cantoned at the
509:
visits Manila and discusses with Marcos the performance of the PHILCAG, and how this was viewed positively in Saigon and
Washington. Westmoreland also raised the possibility of PHILCAG being expanded, and in return the US can supply and train a squadron of the
244:
who convinced Ngo that
Operation Brotherhood was vital to his fight against his communist counterparts in North Vietnam. It was however disclosed that Operation Brotherhood was run by Filipino medical staff but had nominal support from the
447:
leader that was out to help in bringing peace in
Vietnam than fight. The other excuse is the limited budget allocated for the PHILCAG contingent. Johnson agreed to equip 3 engineering battalions, provide 2 anti-smuggling vessels for the
322:
meanwhile wanted to have multinational face to the
Vietnam conflict. He wanted "more flags" as this was a "good fight" against communism. The US Government put pressure on the Philippines to join in the fight, and capitalized on the
589:
began reducing troop count late 1969. From a high level of 2,050 troops, the DND would send home 35 troops a week, until the force was reduced by 30% to about 1,400. The decision did not sit well with Pres. Johnson, and tasked the
585:, the issue of having troops in Vietnam became a point of contention by the opposition. Marcos also had a hard time convincing Congress for budget allocation for the PHILCAG mission, leaving him no choice but to draw down. The
363:
passed
Republic Act 4162, approving the request and authorizing the President to send aid and support to South Vietnam. The act also allocated a budget of PhP 1 million. This was followed by a similar request by Prime Minister
458:. The PHILCAG units immediately found themselves joining the 196th in Operation Attleboro, involving battalion sized probes in the vicinity of Tay Ninh. This operation netted a Viet Cong supply cache of 840 tons of rice in the
539:
On July 16, 1967, Marcos visits Saigon and reiterated the direction of the Philippines in helping Vietnam in developing its countryside, and that PHILCAG was a "mission of peace." He and his entourage composed of
594:
to inform the Philippine government of his displeasure. This also included the suspension of the US military aid to the AFP, as well as cancelation of any procurement activities done in the Philippines by the
1485:
755:
2103:
2078:
287:
in 1955, and this time the CIA had full control of its operation. The contingent was mostly composed of Filipino World War II veterans, who were involved in guerilla warfare, the training of the
2113:
2083:
746:
2108:
1714:
1361:
1807:
675:
force contracted by the US Government. The other question raised was whether the payment of allowances were really given to the soldiers, or whether these were pocketed by Marcos.
671:
of Filipino soldiers who volunteered to go to South Vietnam. This information embarrassed both administration as critics saw the arrangements as if PHILCAG was nothing more than a
1424:
700:
1402:
383:, which was composed of doctors, nurses, and civil military officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. Apart from civic military operations, the mission also included 16
2098:
1143:
556:
502:, who headed the operations in Tay Ninh, received intelligence of this PHILCAG secret mission, and were disappointed over the Philippine action to contact the Viet Cong.
1769:
252:
Lansdale also organized for the Vietnamese leadership to send military officers from the ARVN to the Philippines for them to see Magsaysay administration's success in
190:. In the course of 8 years, the Philippines sent about 10,450 personnel during the Vietnam. 9 members of the contingent have died, and more than 64 have been wounded.
2068:
1785:
1491:
403:. As the officers of PHILCON I were quite effective in their assignments, the government of South Vietnam requested from the Philippines for additional personnel.
1592:
1751:
1093:
923:
2093:
1986:
1509:
586:
1572:
704:
549:
2063:
1800:
1577:
541:
442:
On February 2, 1966, South Vietnam reiterated their request for engineering troops to help in the reconstruction efforts in the midst of the war. Pres.
1597:
1582:
1417:
737:
2088:
1539:
2073:
1774:
775:
1741:
1637:
1396:
616:
455:
1793:
582:
225:" to help in the refugee crisis in South Vietnam. The Jaycees also conducted relief, sanitation, and medical missions at a refugee center in
1974:
1969:
1632:
1410:
591:
495:
454:
In September 1966, the PHILCAG-V units established themselves west of the runway of the Tay Ninh Combat Base, and was formed under the US
1226:
1871:
1823:
1684:
596:
526:
332:
288:
268:
229:. From the initial 7 doctors and nurses, their numbers ballooned to 105, treating more than 400,000 patients in the first year alone.
482:
and explain the Philippines' position in the war. The mission was tasked to a Filipino army captain, which later on was disclosed as
478:
Marcos meanwhile was playing both sides, currying the favor of the Johnson, and on the other hand tasked Gen. Tobias to contact the
407:
1202:
1676:
519:
348:
335:, Johnson wanted the military alliance to play its part in the conflict, however there was lack of cooperation by the France and
1660:
1615:
1455:
1439:
714:
660:
643:
170:
1252:
1009:
664:
518:
Iroquois for their civic action operations in South Vietnam. Marcos was warm over this proposal, however upon review by the
1906:
1901:
1896:
1119:
960:
2021:
1567:
1545:
1533:
1527:
708:
563:
218:
1952:
1702:
396:
392:
1479:
1473:
459:
360:
264:
246:
1503:
1497:
236:
was initially cold over the presence of Filipino medical staff and was quoted in saying that Vietnam did not need “
1881:
1551:
388:
88:
1947:
1697:
423:
1916:
1856:
1655:
1587:
1279:"FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1964–1968, VOLUME XXVI, INDONESIA; MALAYSIA-SINGAPORE; PHILIPPINES"
415:
411:
187:
110:
470:
410:
by Johnson. US military leadership wanted the Philippines to contribute technical personnel to support the
1670:
1169:
628:
463:
647:
LBJ meets Ferdinand Marcos in Manila, October 23, 1966, to negotiate for more Filipino troops to Vietnam.
1942:
1692:
1335:"196. Telegram From the Embassy in the Philippines to the Department of State, Manila, October 30, 1969"
384:
850:
306:
into the region. As the US involvement from military advisory role became deeper, this has pushed the
217:
gave recognition to the Republic of Vietnam on July 14, 1955. Filipino civic minded groups led by the
1981:
1921:
1719:
1624:
724:
656:
511:
506:
491:
253:
1334:
1305:
1278:
352:
1851:
1521:
1515:
1434:
499:
210:
135:
884:
566:. They visited the troops in Tay Ninh later that day, and inspected the project sites of PHILCAG.
2035:
1926:
1066:
356:
315:
307:
1911:
181:. This was an answer by the Philippine government to the request made by South Vietnam and the
371:
319:
260:
1866:
1841:
443:
434:
400:
365:
291:, as well as psychological warfare. The Freedom Company would later transform itself to the
226:
272:
1647:
1609:
733:
529:
483:
448:
426:. US civilian leadership were more inclined in medical personnel and civic action group.
419:
241:
214:
66:
267:
commander, Col. Napoleon D. Valeriano, was later sent to Vietnam to help organize Diem's
678:
There were also a number of cases of Filipinos becoming involved in profiteering in the
2047:
1957:
1886:
1876:
1707:
1467:
696:
620:
570:
336:
328:
195:"To build, not to destroy, bring happiness, not sorrow, develop good will, not hatred."
536:
implemented a propaganda campaign to discredit the Philippine effort in the province.
2057:
1991:
1891:
1861:
1846:
1746:
1321:
720:
683:
545:
324:
303:
233:
182:
174:
1964:
811:
751:
1Lt. Romulo Yap, Artillery Officer, future 36th Commanding General, Philippine Army
679:
559:
331:
will fall - including the Philippines. While South Vietnam was not a member of the
2006:
1827:
1818:
1734:
1445:
552:
178:
129:
569:
By August 1967, the AFP began training the second batch of volunteer troops at
2001:
1729:
256:
1094:""Showing Its Flag": The United States, The Philippines, and the Vietnam War"
924:""Showing Its Flag": The United States, The Philippines, and the Vietnam War"
359:, requesting for military assistance in its fight against the Viet Cong. The
672:
522:
479:
311:
1391:
607:
1996:
1724:
736:, Intelligence Officer, future National Security Advisor and head of the
668:
487:
892:. Washington: Center of Military History United States Army. p. 365
1037:
979:
1207:(1985 ed.). Washington DC: Department of the Army. pp. 64–66
1253:"Official Week in Review: July 16 – July 18, 1967 September 25, 1967"
754:
1Lt. Isidro Agunod, Forward Air Controller, future Commandant of the
723:
Intelligence Officer & Liaison Officer w/ MACV, future CO of the
632:
414:, special forces platoons, medical company, engineering company, and
299:
886:
Combat Operations: Taking the Offensive October 1966 to October 1967
965:(1985 ed.). Washington DC: Department of the Army. p. 52.
1124:(1985 ed.). Washington DC: Department of the Army. p. 53
642:
606:
515:
469:
433:
370:
1486:
Armed Forces of the Philippines Command and General Staff College
1320:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1789:
1406:
438:
PHILCAG Cantonment east of the runway of Tay Ninh Combat Base.
486:. Three meetings were held in Tay Ninh, and three others in
314:
or commonly known as Viet Cong. This shift began during the
1304:
Larsen, Stanley Robert; Collins, Jr., James Lawton (2005).
532:, the proposal's formulation was placed in the backburner.
1227:"Statement: President Marcos on arrival at Saigon Airport"
747:
Vice-Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
310:
to actual combat against North Vietnamese forces and the
1313:. Washington, DC: US Department of the Army. p. 76.
451:, and cover the allowances of the Filipino contingent.
259:. This was to help the Vietnamese build confidence in
713:
Lt. Col. Rafael Zagala, CO Security Battalion, future
2019:
1468:
General Headquarters and Headquarters Service Command
1259:. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines
387:
who arrived in August 16, 1964, were assigned to the
375:
Pres. Macapagal in the Oval Office with Pres. Johnson
2104:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1973
2079:
Military units and formations of the Philippine Army
1935:
1834:
1683:
1669:
1646:
1623:
1608:
1560:
1454:
1196:
1194:
851:"Philippine-Vietnam relations: A Preliminary Study"
167:
Philippine Civic Action Group – Vietnam (PHILCAG–V)
148:
143:
124:
116:
106:
98:
84:
72:
62:
52:
44:
36:
28:
20:
989:. Association of Diplomatic Studies & Training
776:"Philippine Civic Action Group Arrives in Vietnam"
2114:Disbanded units and formations of the Philippines
2084:Military units and formations established in 1966
974:
972:
2109:Military units and formations of the Vietnam War
987:Association of Diplomatic Studies & Training
1492:Armed Forces of the Philippines Reserve Command
1510:AFP Joint Task Force - National Capital Region
1032:
1030:
954:
952:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
806:
804:
802:
800:
798:
796:
1801:
1418:
240:,” referring to Filipinos in general. It was
8:
611:PHILCAG Column at the Libingan ng mga Bayani
480:National Front for the Liberation of Vietnam
406:On October 1964, Macapagal was invited to a
368:in April 1965, requesting for 2,000 troops.
327:, where if South Vietnam falls, the rest of
283:Operation Brotherhood was succeeded by the
1808:
1794:
1786:
1425:
1411:
1403:
659:investigated the arrangements made by the
635:commemorating the efforts of the PHILCAG.
333:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
312:National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
238:a bunch of orators and nightclub musicians
738:National Intelligence Coordinating Agency
715:Commanding General of the Philippine Army
729:Maj. Maximo P. Young, Operations Officer
193:The motto and philosophy of PHILCAG was
2026:
1775:Military Ordinariate of the Philippines
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
767:
381:First Philippine Contingent (PHILCON I)
22:Philippine Civic Action Group – Vietnam
2099:History of the Philippines (1965–1986)
2069:Bilateral relations of the Philippines
1170:"Philippine Military Units in Vietnam"
1144:"REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4664, June 18, 1966"
1067:"REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4162, July 21, 1964"
931:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History
17:
1038:"Interview of Charles Stuart Kennedy"
756:AFP Command and General Staff College
474:Operation Attleboro 3-4 November 1966
7:
587:Department of National Defense (DND)
2094:Military history of the Philippines
496:Military Assistance Command Vietnam
349:Chairman of the Military Revolution
293:Eastern Construction Company (ECoy)
1638:Air Education and Training Command
1150:. Supreme Court of the Philippines
1073:. Supreme Court of the Philippines
14:
1362:"A Tribute to A Filipino Veteran"
275:influence from the organization.
2041:
2029:
1817:
1770:Reserve Officers' Training Corps
1444:
1433:
1390:
1315:
1010:"Interview with Frisco San Juan"
980:"Interview of Rufus C. Phillips"
922:Jagel, Matthew (July 11, 2013).
2089:Armed Forces of the Philippines
1440:Armed Forces of the Philippines
1307:Allied Participation in Vietnam
1204:Allied Participation in Vietnam
1201:Larsen, Stanley Robert (1975).
1121:Allied Participation in Vietnam
1118:Larsen, Stanley Robert (1975).
962:Allied Participation in Vietnam
959:Larsen, Stanley Robert (1975).
745:Capt. Ismael Villareal, future
171:Armed Forces of the Philippines
2074:Bilateral relations of Vietnam
1598:Commandant of the Marine Corps
1546:Peacekeeping Operations Center
1099:. Northern Illinois University
821:. Vietnames Embassy Washington
385:Psychological Warfare Officers
379:Pres. Macapagal mobilized the
355:, sent a formal note to Pres.
1:
2064:Philippines–Vietnam relations
1907:Second Battle of San Salvador
1573:Secretary of National Defense
1397:Philippine Civic Action Group
1179:. Central Intelligence Agency
705:Secretary of National Defense
80:1 infantry security battalion
1902:First Battle of San Salvador
1867:Conspiracy of the Maharlikas
1578:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs
883:MacGarrigle, George (1998).
709:President of the Philippines
599:for its efforts in Vietnam.
456:196th Light Infantry Brigade
177:or South Vietnam during the
1480:Philippine Military Academy
1474:Presidential Security Group
819:17thengineers.homestead.com
505:On December 16, 1966, Gen.
361:Congress of the Philippines
265:Presidential Security Guard
247:Central Intelligence Agency
2130:
1752:Operation Enduring Freedom
1540:Special Operations Command
849:Ragos-Espinas, M. (1997).
812:"Asian Allies in Viet-Nam"
627:A monument was erected in
302:from Indochina pulled the
154:BGen. Gaudencio V. Tobias
1760:
1633:Air Force Reserve Command
1552:Counterintelligence Group
573:for the annual rotation.
156:BGen. Ceferino S. Carreon
89:Civic-Military Operations
76:3 engineering battalions
1534:Western Mindanao Command
1528:Eastern Mindanao Command
1014:FHSU Scholars Repository
742:Capt. Jose C. Villanueva
318:in November 1965. Pres.
209:In the aftermath of the
1953:Philippine–American War
1703:Philippine–American War
562:were welcomed by Pres.
173:contingent sent to the
1922:Cochinchina expedition
1593:Chief of the Air Force
1504:Southern Luzon Command
1498:Northern Luzon Command
780:www.vietnamwar50th.com
661:Johnson administration
653:Symington Subcommittee
648:
629:Libingan ng mga Bayani
612:
475:
439:
422:personnel to help the
376:
298:The withdrawal of the
254:fighting the communist
78:1 artillery battalion
1943:Philippine Revolution
1693:Philippine Revolution
1677:Coast Guard Auxiliary
1368:. The Maritime Review
1341:. US State Department
1339:www.history.state.gov
665:Marcos administration
646:
610:
597:Department of Defense
583:another election year
473:
462:. On November 3, the
437:
424:South Vietnamese Navy
374:
223:Operation Brotherhood
205:Operation Brotherhood
102:2,068 (Peak Strength)
1948:Spanish–American War
1698:Spanish–American War
1661:Navy Reserve Command
1616:Army Reserve Command
1399:at Wikimedia Commons
1148:www.judiciary.gov.ph
682:through US military
657:United States Senate
592:US Embassy in Manila
527:Secretary of Defense
512:Philippine Air Force
507:William Westmoreland
492:William Westmoreland
412:Vietnamese Air Force
188:Tay Ninh Combat Base
120:"Fighting Filipinos"
111:Tay Ninh Combat Base
1882:Cambodia expedition
1877:Cagayan and Dingras
1071:ww.judiciary.gov.ph
500:Frederick C. Weyand
289:Presidential Guards
269:Presidential Guards
211:First Indochina War
175:Republic of Vietnam
136:Operation Attleboro
1897:Formosa expedition
1685:Wars and conflicts
1458:of the Philippines
1285:. State Department
1233:. Official Gazette
701:AFP Chief of Staff
649:
613:
520:Secretary of State
476:
460:Dầu Tiếng district
440:
416:Philippine Marines
377:
357:Diosdado Macapagal
347:In July 1964, the
316:Battle of Ia Drang
249:through Lansdale.
219:Philippine Jaycees
2017:
2016:
1987:New People's Army
1970:Japanese invasion
1872:Eighty Years' War
1862:Borneo expedition
1783:
1782:
1742:New People's Army
1588:Chief of the Navy
1583:Chief of the Army
1395:Media related to
1366:maritimereview.ph
1360:Marayag, Emilio.
1283:history.state.gov
550:Defense Secretary
542:Foreign Secretary
320:Lyndon B. Johnson
271:, and remove the
261:counterinsurgency
160:
159:
2121:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2025:
1992:Moro (1969−2019)
1958:Moro (1899−1913)
1822:
1821:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1787:
1766:
1747:Moro (1969−2019)
1708:Moro (1899−1913)
1536:(AFP-WESTMINCOM)
1530:(AFP-EASTMINCOM)
1449:
1448:
1437:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1404:
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1257:Official Gazette
1249:
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1231:Official Gazette
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1216:
1214:
1212:
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1098:
1092:Jagel, Matthew.
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1063:
1057:
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1054:
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1042:
1034:
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871:
869:
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846:
831:
830:
828:
826:
816:
808:
791:
790:
788:
786:
772:
581:As Marcos faced
564:Nguyen Van Thieu
444:Ferdinand Marcos
18:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2018:
2013:
1975:Allied invasion
1931:
1830:
1824:Armed conflicts
1816:
1814:
1784:
1779:
1764:
1756:
1679:
1665:
1642:
1619:
1604:
1556:
1522:Western Command
1516:Visayas Command
1460:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1431:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1359:
1358:
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938:
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921:
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905:
895:
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867:
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853:
848:
847:
834:
824:
822:
814:
810:
809:
794:
784:
782:
774:
773:
769:
764:
734:Jose T. Almonte
692:
690:Notable members
641:
605:
579:
557:Press Secretary
530:Robert McNamara
514:to utilize the
494:who headed the
449:Philippine Navy
432:
345:
285:Freedom Company
281:
279:Freedom Company
242:Edward Lansdale
215:Ramon Magsaysay
207:
202:
163:
155:
150:
94:Medical Mission
93:
91:
79:
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