468:
51:
373:
162:
430:
One
Hundred and Thirty-third Street still shows some signs of resistance to the blending of colors in that street, but between Lenox and Seventh Avenues has practically succumbed to the ingress of colored tenants. Nearly all the old dwellings in 134th Street to midway in the block west from Seventh
408:
buildings from Afro-American Realty, evicted their Black tenants, and replaced them with white tenants. Hudson's builders agreed to only rent their properties to whites. In response, the Afro-American Realty
Company bought two adjacent apartment houses, evicted their white tenants, and moved in the
363:
states that by 1900, Payton was already managing several buildings housing
African-Americans. Yet other sources write that Payton's first success came when he approached the manager of an apartment house on West 133rd Street, which tenants were fleeing because a murder had been committed there, and
318:
At the low point, in April and May 1901, the
Paytons' cat and dog died, partially due to hunger, and the Paytons were evicted from an apartment house he had been managing, for being unable to pay their rent. Soon after this, though, business improved. Payton got charge of more houses, and began to
310:
Payton first got into the real-estate business as a janitor, but after seeing how the business operated, he decided he wanted to create his own firm. Payton and a partner opened the Brown and Payton real estate firm in
October 1900. In June 1901, Payton married. The business was unsuccessful, and
496:
wrote that three-quarters of the Black population of New York City, including all Blacks of prominence, lived in Harlem; it called Payton "the father of his Negro community". The success of Payton's enterprise could be seen in the neighborhood of 13 West 131st Street, the house he had bought for
450:
The Afro-American Realty
Company grew to $ 1 million in assets with annual rent receipts of $ 114,000. It was not as successful as some stockholders had anticipated, though, and in October 1906, 35 of them brought a lawsuit, charging that the prospectus was fraudulent and overstated the company
353:
property for nearly a year before I actually succeeded in getting a colored tenement to manage. My first opportunity came as a result of a dispute between two landlords in West 134th Street. To 'get even' one of them turned his house over to me to fill with colored tenants. I was successful in
426:
An untoward circumstance has been injected into the private dwelling market in the vicinity of 133rd and 134th
Streets. During the last three years the flats in 134th between Lenox and Seventh Avenues, that were occupied entirely by white folks, have been captured for occupation by a Negro
543:
The Philip A. Payton Jr
Company was co-managed by John E. Nail and Henry C. Parker, who went on to be known as the "little fathers" of Negro Harlem. They worked to fulfill Payton’s dream of making this Harlem neighborhood a political and cultural capital for African-Americans in the area.
540:; he was 41. His younger brother Edward S. Payton, who had served as vice-president of Afro-American Realty, had passed even earlier, in 1912, at the age of 30. The Philip A. Payton Jr. Company survived after him, managing numerous African-American apartments at least until 1922.
275:, was a personal friend of Payton's father, and Payton attended the institution, and graduated from the institute in 1899. The effects of an injury persisted for most of the following year. His siblings each had a more complete education. His sister graduated from the state
451:
holdings when it was issued. Payton was arrested on civil fraud charges in
January 1907, and the courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs for investments, damages, and legal costs, later that year. The company issued its first and only
504:
Payton closed his largest deal in July 1917, a sale of six apartment houses for about $ 1.5 million, the largest sale of housing for Black people to that time. The buildings were renamed after prominent Black figures in the
Americas:
259:
and his mother a hairdresser. His father insisted that the children learn a trade, and so trained him in the family profession twice a week after school. Payton claimed to be a full-fledged barber by the age of fifteen.
384:
at $ 10 each. Payton's business partner was a mortician named James C. Thomas. Along with Thomas, Payton formed the Afro-American Real Estate Company. He appealed to Black investors specifically, both to their
409:
Black families evicted by Hudson. Eventually, Hudson sold the original three buildings back to the Afro-American at a large loss. The incident augmented Payton's reputation and drew investors to his company.
389:
and profit motives, with an ad stating: "Today is the time to buy, if you want to be numbered among those of the race who are doing something toward trying to solve the so-called 'Race Problem.'" His
431:
Avenue are occupied by colored tenants and real estate brokers predict that it is only a matter of time when the entire block, to Eighth Avenue, will be a stronghold of the Negro population.
487:, former directors of the Afro-American Realty Company, founded their own company, Nail & Parker Real Estate, in 1907; it eventually became one of the most successful in New York.
416:
The Afro-American Realty Company bought and leased property in Harlem neighborhoods never until then "invaded" by Black tenants, occasioning near panic among neighboring owners. The
323:
I knew that if I made one good sale I could make enough to keep me going for a year. I came so near making a good sale so many times that I knew I was bound to hit it before long.
475:
Payton continued to buy and manage Harlem real estate for Black tenants, founding the Philip A. Payton Jr. Company, known for its PAP logo. He even ventured outside the city to
1117:
1072:
1112:
1107:
1087:
1077:
582:
1067:
172:
427:
population. Its presence there has tended also to lend much color to conditions in 133rd and 135th Streets between Lenox and Seventh Avenues.
958:
871:
803:
744:
683:
656:
404:, for residential development. To make the development property more attractive to prospective builders, it also bought three neighboring
1102:
717:
467:
447:
White residents were outraged; one sign advertising for colored tenants for a formerly white building was burned to local acclaim.
230:
202:
187:
396:
In 1905, the Hudson Realty Company, a white-owned real estate company, had bought a tract of land on West 135th Street near
380:
On June 15, 1904, with the help of other affluent Blacks, Payton chartered the Afro-American Realty Company, issuing 50,000
209:
567:. Editor-in-chief, Clement Richardson. Published 1919 by National Publishing Company, Inc. in Montgomery, Alabama, p. 258.
772:
354:
renting and managing this house, after a time I was able to induce other landlords to ... give me their houses to manage.
875:
1082:
319:
deal in real estate for himself as well as for others, until he was making profits of thousands of dollars per month.
302:
office at $ 8 per week. While working as a porter, he got the idea of going into the real estate business on his own.
216:
863:
795:
497:
himself and his wife Maggie in 1903. The entire street was white in 1900; by the time of the 1915 New York State
298:
picture and weighing machine attendant at $ 6 per week, a barber at $ 5–6 per week, and finally as a porter in a
272:
198:
290:
Payton worked in the family barber shop until April 1899, when he decided to make more of himself, and left for
648:
252:
74:
510:
280:
562:
537:
492:
393:
claimed: "The very prejudice that has heretofore worked against us can be turned and used to our profit."
92:
1032:
1016:
970:
923:
907:
891:
836:
820:
1000:
255:, on February 27, 1876. He was the second of four children, one girl and three boys. His father was a
1097:
1092:
610:
526:
518:
484:
390:
264:
336:
Sources differ on what was Payton's first break. Several cite an interview in 1911 or 1912 with the
709:
695:
268:
103:
949:, edited by Jessie Carney Smith, Millicent Lownes Jackson, consultant, Linda T. Wynn, consultant,
223:
587:
522:
456:
359:
642:
986:
954:
944:
867:
799:
740:
730:
713:
679:
652:
614:
789:
703:
669:
455:
in June 1907, but never recovered from the negative publicity effects of the lawsuit and the
699:
514:
295:
131:
50:
950:
854:
506:
438:
418:
381:
284:
386:
311:
Brown left in the spring of 1901. Payton continued the business alone, while his wife
17:
1061:
675:
291:
276:
145:
33:
732:
Harlem: The Four Hundred Year History from Dutch Village to Capital of Black America
372:
533:
480:
397:
338:
137:
179:
618:
736:
476:
299:
161:
134:
413:
called the moves by Hudson and Afro-American Realty a "Real Estate Race War".
644:
Blood Relations: Caribbean Immigrants and the Harlem Community, 1900-1930
452:
405:
350:
140:, known as the "Father of Harlem", due to his work renting properties in
615:"Chapter XIX: Philip A Payton Jr. and the Afro American Realty Company"
583:"Streetscapes: 13 West 131st Street; 'Father of Harlem' Called It Home"
347:
705:
On the Shoulders of Giants: My Journey Through the Harlem Renaissance
498:
401:
312:
256:
141:
529:. The Black population in Harlem had reached 50,000 or even 70,000.
466:
371:
364:
persuaded him to have the chance to fill it with Black families.
346:
I was a real estate agent, making a specialty in management of
501:, the block was almost completely inhabited by Black tenants.
155:
471:
Maggie Payton and 13 West 131st Street, their home in Harlem
294:, against the wishes of both parents. There, he worked as a
671:
Harlem Stomp!: A Cultural History Of The Harlem Renaissance
183:
117:
109:
99:
81:
60:
41:
940:
938:
936:
424:
344:
321:
988:Encyclopedia of African American Business: K-Z
946:Encyclopedia of African American business: K-Z
577:
575:
573:
821:"A Race Prejudice Mint for Profits in Realty"
8:
892:"Negro Invasion Threat Angers Flat Dwellers"
816:
814:
812:
558:
556:
188:introducing citations to additional sources
837:"Real Estate Race War is Started in Harlem"
791:Harlem at War: The Black Experience in WWII
564:The National Cyclopedia of the Colored Race
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
49:
38:
924:"Negroes Charge Payton With Realty Fraud"
908:"'23' The Mystic Sign on Negro Flathouse"
130:(February 27, 1876 – August 1917) was an
27:African-American real estate entrepreneur
178:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1033:"Ten Landlords Filed 20,000 Rent Suits"
552:
1118:Deaths from liver cancer in New Jersey
1073:American businesspeople in real estate
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
536:a month later at his country house in
1048:Day, Jared N. "Philip A. Payton Jr."
283:), and both of his brothers attended
7:
1113:20th-century African-American people
1108:19th-century American businesspeople
1088:People from Westfield, Massachusetts
1001:"Apartment Houses for Negro Tenants"
1078:People from Allenhurst, New Jersey
1050:American National Biography Online
25:
251:Philip A. Payton Jr. was born in
376:Philip A. Payton Jr., circa 1907
328:Philip A. Payton Jr., quoted in
171:relies largely or entirely on a
160:
55:Philip A. Payton Jr., circa 1914
1068:African-American businesspeople
858:, December 24, 1905. Quoted in
459:, stopping operations in 1908.
32:For the British historian, see
1:
773:"A Neighborhood of Their Own"
852:"Negroes Move into Harlem",
436:"Negroes Move into Harlem",
368:Afro-American Realty Company
1134:
1103:Livingstone College alumni
623:. Hertel, Jenkins & Co
342:in which Payton recalls:
31:
971:"Negro After Fine Estate"
864:Little, Brown and Company
862:by Sharifa Rhodes-Pitts,
796:Syracuse University Press
273:Salisbury, North Carolina
128:Philip Anthony Payton Jr.
48:
43:Philip Anthony Payton Jr.
649:Indiana University Press
253:Westfield, Massachusetts
148:, to African Americans.
75:Westfield, Massachusetts
463:After the Afro-American
281:Westfield State College
538:Allenhurst, New Jersey
472:
445:
377:
356:
334:
199:"Philip A. Payton Jr."
93:Allenhurst, New Jersey
18:Phillip A. Payton, Jr.
771:Edward T. O'Donnell,
620:The Negro in Business
611:Washington, Booker T.
511:Toussaint L'Ouverture
470:
375:
330:The Negro in Business
113:Real estate developer
1052:. February 28, 2014.
843:, December 17, 1905.
710:Simon & Schuster
668:Laban Carrick Hill,
641:Irma Watkins-Owens,
527:Booker T. Washington
519:Paul Laurence Dunbar
265:Joseph Charles Price
184:improve this article
1039:, January 20, 1922.
977:, January 23, 1912.
930:, January 30, 1907.
882:, January 25, 2011.
827:, October 27, 1906.
696:Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
442:, December 24, 1905
269:Livingstone College
104:Livingstone College
1083:People from Harlem
1037:The New York Times
1021:The New York Times
1005:The New York Times
975:The New York Times
953:, 2006. Page 650.
928:The New York Times
912:The New York Times
896:The New York Times
880:The New York Times
841:The New York Times
825:The New York Times
777:The New York Times
588:The New York Times
581:Christopher Gray,
523:Frederick Douglass
473:
457:depression of 1907
411:The New York Times
400:, in the heart of
378:
360:The New York Times
315:to support them.
959:978-0-313-33111-4
872:978-0-316-01723-7
860:Harlem Is Nowhere
804:978-0-8156-0324-5
745:978-0-8021-1910-0
684:978-0-316-03424-1
657:978-0-253-21048-7
249:
248:
234:
125:
124:
71:February 27, 1876
16:(Redirected from
1125:
1053:
1046:
1040:
1030:
1024:
1023:, June 29, 1912.
1014:
1008:
1007:, July 11, 1917.
998:
992:
984:
978:
968:
962:
942:
931:
921:
915:
914:, July 22, 1906.
905:
899:
898:, July 21, 1906.
889:
883:
850:
844:
834:
828:
818:
807:
786:
780:
769:
748:
727:
721:
700:Raymond Obstfeld
693:
687:
666:
660:
639:
633:
632:
630:
628:
607:
592:
591:, June 16, 1991.
579:
568:
560:
515:Phyllis Wheatley
443:
332:
296:department store
244:
241:
235:
233:
192:
164:
156:
132:African-American
88:
70:
68:
53:
39:
21:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1047:
1043:
1031:
1027:
1015:
1011:
999:
995:
991:, 2006, p. 558.
985:
981:
969:
965:
951:Greenwood Press
943:
934:
922:
918:
906:
902:
890:
886:
855:New York Herald
851:
847:
835:
831:
819:
810:
787:
783:
779:, June 6, 2004.
770:
751:
729:Jonathan Gill,
728:
724:
694:
690:
667:
663:
640:
636:
626:
624:
609:
608:
595:
580:
571:
561:
554:
550:
532:Payton died of
507:Crispus Attucks
485:Henry G. Parker
465:
444:
439:New York Herald
435:
419:New York Herald
370:
333:
327:
308:
285:Yale University
245:
239:
236:
193:
191:
177:
165:
154:
100:Alma mater
95:
90:
86:
85:August 29, 1917
77:
72:
66:
64:
56:
44:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1131:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1041:
1025:
1009:
993:
979:
963:
932:
916:
900:
884:
845:
829:
808:
781:
749:
722:
688:
661:
634:
593:
569:
551:
549:
546:
464:
461:
433:
387:social justice
369:
366:
325:
307:
304:
247:
246:
182:. Please help
168:
166:
159:
153:
150:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
89:(aged 41)
83:
79:
78:
73:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1130:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
994:
990:
989:
983:
980:
976:
972:
967:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:
941:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
920:
917:
913:
909:
904:
901:
897:
893:
888:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
856:
849:
846:
842:
838:
833:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
792:
785:
782:
778:
774:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
733:
726:
723:
719:
718:1-4165-3488-1
715:
711:
707:
706:
701:
697:
692:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:Little, Brown
673:
672:
665:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:
638:
635:
622:
621:
616:
612:
606:
604:
602:
600:
598:
594:
590:
589:
584:
578:
576:
574:
570:
566:
565:
559:
557:
553:
547:
545:
541:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
502:
500:
495:
494:
488:
486:
482:
478:
469:
462:
460:
458:
454:
448:
441:
440:
432:
428:
423:
421:
420:
414:
412:
407:
403:
399:
394:
392:
388:
383:
374:
367:
365:
362:
361:
355:
352:
349:
343:
341:
340:
331:
324:
320:
316:
314:
305:
303:
301:
297:
293:
292:New York City
288:
286:
282:
278:
277:normal school
274:
270:
267:, founder of
266:
261:
258:
254:
243:
240:February 2024
232:
229:
225:
222:
218:
215:
211:
208:
204:
201: –
200:
196:
195:Find sources:
189:
185:
181:
175:
174:
173:single source
169:This section
167:
163:
158:
157:
151:
149:
147:
146:New York City
143:
139:
136:
133:
129:
121:Maggie P. Lee
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
84:
80:
76:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
35:
34:Philip Payton
30:
19:
1049:
1044:
1036:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1004:
996:
987:
982:
974:
966:
945:
927:
919:
911:
903:
895:
887:
879:
859:
853:
848:
840:
832:
824:
790:
788:Nat Brandt,
784:
776:
731:
725:
704:
691:
670:
664:
643:
637:
625:. Retrieved
619:
586:
563:
542:
534:liver cancer
531:
503:
491:
489:
481:John E. Nail
474:
449:
446:
437:
429:
425:
417:
415:
410:
398:Lenox Avenue
395:
379:
358:
357:
345:
339:New York Age
337:
335:
329:
322:
317:
309:
289:
262:
250:
237:
227:
220:
213:
206:
194:
170:
138:entrepreneur
127:
126:
87:(1917-08-29)
29:
1098:1917 deaths
1093:1876 births
737:Grove Press
493:The Outlook
477:Long Island
306:Real estate
300:real estate
135:real estate
1062:Categories
548:References
391:prospectus
210:newspapers
152:Early life
110:Occupation
67:1876-02-27
876:Excerpted
747:, p. 176.
627:August 4,
490:By 1914,
180:talk page
866:, 2011,
806:, p. 27.
798:, 1996;
739:, 2011;
720:, p. 13.
712:, 2007,
686:, p. 49.
678:, 2009;
659:, p. 42.
651:, 1996,
613:(1907).
453:dividend
434:—
422:wrote:
406:tenement
351:tenement
326:—
348:colored
279:(later
224:scholar
1017:"Died"
957:
870:
802:
743:
716:
682:
655:
525:, and
499:census
402:Harlem
382:shares
257:barber
226:
219:
212:
205:
197:
142:Harlem
118:Spouse
313:sewed
231:JSTOR
217:books
955:ISBN
868:ISBN
800:ISBN
741:ISBN
714:ISBN
698:and
680:ISBN
653:ISBN
629:2009
483:and
263:Dr.
203:news
82:Died
61:Born
878:by
271:in
186:by
1064::
1035:,
1019:,
1003:,
973:,
935:^
926:,
910:,
894:,
874:.
839:,
823:,
811:^
794:,
775:,
752:^
735:,
708:,
702:,
674:,
647:,
617:.
596:^
585:,
572:^
555:^
521:,
517:,
513:,
509:,
479:.
287:.
144:,
961:.
631:.
242:)
238:(
228:·
221:·
214:·
207:·
190:.
176:.
69:)
65:(
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
