260:"Philo", as members refer to the Society, was founded on October 2, 1813, by all thirteen members of the junior class, its original purpose being "the advancement of learning;" a counterweight and complement to Penn's academic coursework. In the first meeting, the title of Moderator was chosen for the Society’s presiding officer; two Censores Morum were appointed by the third meeting, who were given the responsibility, maintained to this day, of fining members for various real or imaginary infractions. Philo’s first meeting was on Friday night, at which time it would remain up to the present day. Minutes of the Society’s Meetings have been kept (relatively) faithfully in large leather-bound volumes since the first Meeting. Members still sign the Recorder’s Roll upon their initiation into the Society, following the tradition started by the founders. Early meetings were dominated by spirited debates and literary exercises where members would present original research, essays, or literary productions; both practices have continued through the present day.
321:, who tried to preserve the Philomathean customs and arranged informal meetings in members' apartments. After the war, the Society held more formal meetings and grew in membership, but it was not until 1951, under the direction of Moderator Charles Fine Ludwig, that the old pre-war customs were revived. Ludwig re-acquired the Philomathean archives and reintroduced academic attire, consistent meeting minutes, a regular literary exercise, and an official lecture series, among many other Philomathean customs. Ludwig also established the tradition of Philo's graduates, or "senior members", participating in the Society's activities and taking an ongoing interest in the welfare of the Society.
1058:, also charters a Philomathean Society. The group was created in 1851, after the founding of the college, and served as a society for debate and fellowship for young men. Soon after its inception, the Philomathean Society began a library in their home because the college did not yet have one. In the early 1900s the society became inactive, but was resurrected in 1991 to serve in a different capacity. The all-male society now serves as a group dedicated to "Scholarship, Culture, Character, and Service", the motto of the College. Membership is by invitation only.
334:
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309:. The translation quickly sold out two editions, and was internationally hailed as a monumental work of scholarship. In 1988, the British Museum bestowed the honor of including the Philomathean Rosetta Stone Report in its select bibliography of the most important works ever published on the Rosetta Stone. The Philomathean Society maintains a full-scale cast of the stone in its meeting room, along with several original lithograph prints of the report.
421:
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387:. Philo's was the first public screening of the debate in the world since the original 1971 broadcast. Debate topics included human nature, justice, creativity and war. Since then, Philo has been the venue of many debates about matters central to modern society, such as a discussion of whether a tomato is a grape or a metaphor for Homeric authorship.
317:
curfew, severely limited Philo traditions. As a result, Society membership decreased, a trend further exacerbated by the outbreak of World War II, when
Houston Hall was taken over by the U.S. Navy of part of its officer training programme, and former Philo rooms were requisitioned for storage. The Society had dwindled to a single member,
441:
in full academic gown at all society meetings, held eight times per semester on the top floor of
College Hall, on Friday evenings. The position of Annual Oration Director was added in the early 2010s to provide additional support for the increased role of the Annual Oration, and the position of Art Gallery Director was added in 2019.
350:
research, some of them involve celebrating the social, cultural and spiritual value created by the work of Nancy Ajram. Society members are given freedom to plan events fitting their personal and intellectual interests, which has led to events as varied as art exhibitions, chamber concerts, math olympiads, and the Poe
Vespertil.
253:
316:
In 1927, overcrowding at the university led the Philos to agree to vacate their space in
College Hall in exchange for temporary quarters in Houston Hall until more class space could be found. Houston Hall was not an ideal location: space constraints and building policy, especially the 11:30 p.m.
440:
The society is governed by a
Cabinet of ten officers: the Moderator, First Censor, Second Censor, Scriba, Recorder, Treasurer, Librarian, Archivist, Annual Oration Director, and Art Gallery Director. The first four, often termed "the Bench" in reference to their position during meetings, are attired
312:
In 1916, Philo became the first Penn group to require its members take an oath not to discriminate on the basis of race, creed, and religion; in 1948 the
Society voted to admit women as full members, prompting the headline "Philo hits rock bottom, admits women". The Society vehemently defended the
436:
are eligible for membership except in their final semester of study. Applications consist of three parts: an interview with four to five members of the
Society, a presentation on a topic of the applicant's choice to a General Meeting of the Society, and a submission of creative or critical value.
324:
Finally, in 1969, after a determined campaign of lobbying university administrators for permission and senior members for donations, the
Society returned to its beloved Philomathean Halls on the fourth floor of College Hall, where it has remained (with brief absences for maintenance) until the
349:
In addition to its eight
General Meetings, Philo also has regular afternoon teas with professors and sponsors other academic events such as lecture series, a film series, and other events. Most of these events center around inviting one or more Penn professors to the Halls to present on their
920:, 1956, 406th Moderator, Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley and former director of the Columbia Institute of Latin American Studies and Center for the Study of Brazil at Columbia, and former Senior Fellow for International Economics at the
1969:
1090:, had a Philomathean Literary Society that existed from 1888 to 1931. The Philos and their rivals, the Hermesians, were the result in a split in the college's original literary society, the Adelphian Circle, formed in 1886.
1974:
2071:
2001:
1981:
271:
The
Society is credited with helping to found entire academic departments, including American Civilization, Comparative Literature, and History of Science, and many campus groups and publications, including the
1211:
draws its history to 1769; both claims are disputed by the Philomatheans on the grounds that the present societies are mergers of two other societies and thus represent new entities, founded in 1929 and 1928,
2197:
2096:
263:
When the University of Pennsylvania moved its campus from Ninth Street to West Philadelphia in 1872, four rooms at the top of College Hall were specifically built for the use of the Society and its rival
2021:
2011:
1069:. A number of South Carolinian politicians, theologians, lawyers, writers, and thinkers were inducted as members or honored with membership. It is one of Erskine's four literary societies today.
2604:
2505:
2026:
1964:
1288:
Sanford, Gregory B. "Note: Your Opinion Really Does Not Matter: How the Use of Referenda in Funding Public University Student Groups Violates Constitutional Free Speech Principles."
1996:
1899:
523:. Diamond presented to more than 1,000 members of the University and local community on the role of water in the collapse or survival of societies, building on his influential book,
2076:
1959:
1908:
Hood, Clifton R. "Philomathean Society: Foundation as the University's First Student Organization, 1813." University Archives and Records Center, University of Pennsylvania, 2006.
2111:
2471:
1986:
1015:'s Philomathean Society was founded in 1793 as the Calliopean while Union was still known as the Schenectady Academy. The name was changed to the Philomathean Society in 1795.
596:, the once-anonymously-authored investigation into the 1992 Democratic Party Presidential Primary. Klein discussed Bill Clinton's presidency and contemporary American politics.
2217:
2157:
2101:
2081:
449:
Every year, Philo presents a public annual oration to the University, given by a prominent figure in the arts and sciences. Recent orations have included the following:
2609:
524:
2594:
1062:
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2212:
2041:
1399:
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226:, which was established in 1802. Founded in 1813, its goal is "to promote the learning of its members and to increase the academic prestige of the University."
603:. Green explained general relativity, quantum mechanics, and super-string theory to approximately 400 Penn students, faculty, and staff in Penn's Houston Hall.
2016:
800:
2167:
2091:
1991:
1158:
1036:
360: — Hoffman, a former professor at the university and a distinguished poet in his own right, had brought many renowned poets and authors, including
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120:
2132:
738:
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534:. Butler presented for approximately two hours on "Performativity and Precarity" to more than 400 University of Pennsylvania students and faculty.
1385:
Report of the Committee appointed by the Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania to translate the inscription on the Rosetta Stone
2222:
2187:
1144:
2006:
1154:
793:, 1869, 196th Moderator, Pennsylvania State Senator 1883–1886, U.S. Minister to Brazil 1889–1890, U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania 1893
2420:
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1622:
2599:
2589:
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2268:
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1184:
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1311:. with Supplementary Chapters by Frederick Dawson Stone (Third ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. pp. 156–7.
464:, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for space studies, who talked about humanity's role in climate change and its implications.
2374:
2263:
1584:
1208:
1110:
1048:
The Philomates Association is the largest international academic association, with 23,000 members. It meets every year in Italy.
646:. Styron debunked romanticized notions of war and read a selection from his upcoming semi-autobiographical novel on World War II.
2410:
762:
2106:
1934:
830:
715:
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1515:
2487:
2127:
1164:
656:
514:
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2298:
2147:
2061:
921:
882:
379:
On 16 February 2010, Philo hosted a public screening of the 1971 internationally televised debate between philosophers
2521:
1383:
1204:
1087:
17:
1148:
1083:
Willamette University in Salem, Oregon, boasts the oldest Philomathean Society in the west; it was founded in 1856.
2513:
1943:
1882:
819:
668:
433:
207:
203:
58:
48:
478:, who talked about his pioneering work in cognitive neuroscience and his proposal of the "Consciousness Instinct".
2379:
1055:
621:. Paglia discussed free speech and criticized the academic establishment in front of approximately 500 attendees.
2152:
865:
754:
724:
432:
Membership in the Society is by application; all currently enrolled undergraduate and graduate students at the
306:
302:
210:, the oldest student group at the university, and a claimant to the title of the oldest continuously-existing
471:, the 22nd Poet Laureate of the United States, who talked about the role of poetry in the contemporary world.
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975:
784:
682:
673:
560:
1596:
2529:
1138:
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660:
625:
611:
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1907:
1334:
1045:'s Philomathean Society, founded in 1825, is the second oldest high school debate society in the nation.
2440:
2275:
1650:
1306:
1168:
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1021:, the second oldest secret organization for women, was founded as "The Philomathean Society" in 1852 at
824:
702:
698:
333:
265:
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268:. After the first collapse of the Zelosophic Society in 1872, the former Zelo rooms reverted to Philo.
1807:
1780:
895:, 1948, philosopher, Walter Beverly Pearson Professor of Modern Mathematics and Mathematical Logic at
610:. The Society worked with Martin to create the backbone of what would go on to become the hit single "
559:
On 6 April 2005, Philo hosted former United States intelligence agent and counterterrorism specialist
341:
2352:
1752:
1114:
796:
503:
457:, who talked about modern spiritual decay and the need for humanism and empathy in civic engagement.
391:
1500:
485:, who talked about her career as a primatologist and her current mission of ecological conservation.
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2177:
1446:
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1100:
1032:
778:
728:
707:
373:
274:
223:
219:
581:. Rushdie discussed many of his literary works, political views, and personal anecdotes in Penn's
30:
This article is about the society at the University of Pennsylvania. For others by this name, see
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1927:
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859:
748:
549:, Fish argued that professors' relationships with students should be strictly academic in nature.
294:
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The Philomathean Library, featuring books donated throughout the Society's two century existence
2280:
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953:
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from Pennsylvania 1855 to 1857, U.S. Judge for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania 1858–1879
2476:
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2192:
2086:
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1022:
790:
734:
689:
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1516:"U.S. Poet Laureate Tracy K. Smith explains value of poetry in consumerist society at Penn"
1172:
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911:
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768:
510:
420:
384:
1664:
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1832:
Leonard JC. History of Catawba College. Trustees of Catawba College; First Edition(1927)
285:
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2031:
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943:
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643:
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578:
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468:
402:
356:
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2182:
1920:
1012:
997:
981:
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531:
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513:, an evolutionary biologist and atheist. A video of the Annual Oration can be found
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to a more than 800 Penn students, faculty, and staff at Penn's Zellerbach Theater.
1666:
A Literary Giant: Playwright Arthur Miller packs Zellerbach; shares work, insight
313:
decision more than 25 years before women were admitted to the university proper.
2425:
2290:
1308:
Early history of the University of Pennsylvania from its origin to the year 1827
965:
937:
878:
771:, 1862, professor of chemistry and pioneering chemist, geologist, and naturalist
454:
395:
361:
1890:
1794:
1277:
Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia, Volume XV.
428:
Presidential Library, all members are given access to the Philomathean Library.
237:, which means "a lover of learning." The motto of the Philomathean Society is
2384:
850:
719:
664:
537:
On 23 April 2009, Philo hosted American literary theorist, legal scholar, and
1912:
2430:
2207:
1359:
Philomathean Society. "History of the Philomathean Society" October 2, 1913.
1316:
1262:
Kurtz, Rod. "U. Pennsylvania's Oldest Student Group Looks for New Blood."
693:
589:
345:
the Philo meeting room, where events and meetings are held on a weekly basis
1851:
827:, 1887, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania, author and chronicler of the Senate
1841:
Dedmond FB. Catawba: The Story of a College. Boone: Arromondt House, 1989.
1559:
875:, 1939, historian and senior rabbi at Reform Congregation Keneseth Israel.
492:, who talked about failures of American foreign policy in the Middle East.
2328:
834:
606:
On February 31, 1997, Philo hosted Puerto Rican singer, actor and author
437:
Members are elected once each academic semester by the Society at large.
984:, 1994, novelist, columnist, and Editor-in-Chief of the Hudson Reporter.
947:
530:
On 3 March 2010, Philo hosted feminism, gender, and sexuality theorist
252:
1018:
1009:
Several other societies share the Philomathean name. Among them are:
1368:
Myers, Rep. Michael O. (PA). "Tribute to the Philomathean Society."
617:
On 14 April 1994, Philo hosted author, social critic, and feminist
353:
The Society has published several books, including, most recently,
256:
Philomathean Society Graduation Diploma For Isaac Norton Jr., 1858.
1624:
Stanley Fish: profs should not try to influence students' opinions
757:, 1859, 162nd Moderator, member of the committee to translate the
419:
340:
332:
284:
251:
2389:
1900:"Philo. Society reigns as Penn's oldest student group" from the
301:. The work was performed solely by three undergraduate members,
1916:
1808:"First semi-centennial anniversary of the Philomathean Society"
1679:
453:
In Spring 2023, Philo hosted American philosopher and activist
1872:
1738:
1724:
1710:
1696:
1476:
886:
642:
On 1 October 1988, Philo hosted Pulitzer-prize winning author
194:
147:
1766:
1076:'s Philomathean Society formed as a splinter group from the
519:
On 6 April 2011, Philo hosted noted environmental historian
188:
863:(1953), Science Fiction Grand Master (1988), and author of
191:
185:
176:
170:
1877:
499:, who talked in Houston Hall about the revival of Marxism.
401:
On 28 March 2019, Philo hosted a talk by US Poet Laureate
1712:'Primary Colors' author talks on clinton scandal, apathy
355:
The Philomathean Society Anthology of Poetry in Honor of
577:
On 11 February 2003, Philo hosted novelist and essayist
390:
In 2013, the Society also hosted a Q&A session with
1275:
American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia.
1873:
Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania
18:
Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania
1440:
1438:
787:, 1862, 176th Moderator, University Provost 1894–1910
167:
164:
1328:
1326:
173:
2498:
2463:
2398:
2337:
2236:
2120:
2049:
1952:
182:
179:
143:
114:
106:
88:
80:
72:
64:
54:
44:
39:
1585:"Richard Dawkins talks atheism, proof and science"
570:. Miller delivered scenes from his satirical work
293:In 1858, the Society published the first complete
27:Literary society at the University of Pennsylvania
1231:
1229:
994:bestselling author and Broadway theater producer.
289:The Philomathean Society Meeting Room circa 1913.
31:
1886:Article about Philomathean Tea with Gov. Rendell
1207:asserts continuous existence since 1789 and the
843:, 1928, TV personality, educator, and professor.
833:, 1904, businessman and public servant based in
751:, 1831, US Representative from Indiana 1877–1881
2605:College literary societies in the United States
1447:"Philomathean Society Sesquicentennial History"
1000:, 1903, Episcopal priest, professor, and author
1598:Jared Diamond shares gems on societal collapse
1560:"Philomathean Society Website Membership Page"
1419:Dated March 12, 1859; published July 13, 1859.
1131:Washington Literary Society and Debating Union
1078:Washington Literary Society and Debating Union
556:, who spoke on the role of cultural evolution.
1928:
1726:`Superstring' ties physics theories together
1611:"Penn hosts famous philosopher Judith Butler"
1412:de Humboldt, Baron Alexander. "The Rosettat
718:, Governor of Kansas and debating nemesis of
639:, and discussed its unconventional structure.
8:
1094:Other historic collegiate literary societies
801:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
408:In addition, Philo intermittently publishes
1782:Pulitzer-prize winner shatters image of war
1757:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 23 February 1993
1701:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 12 February 2003
1505:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 17 February 2010
1159:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
655:Philomatheans have included at least seven
635:. Oates read one of her own short stories,
552:On 16 April 2008, Philo hosted philosopher
1935:
1921:
1913:
1814:. Alumni of the Philomathean Society. 1849
1445:Oslick, Alan; et al. (October 1964).
1432:in the University of Pennsylvania archives
1398:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
889:professor, and university trustee emeritus
588:On 10 April 2002, Philo hosted journalist
36:
1785:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 4 October 1888
1502:Philo revives Foucault vs. Chomsky debate
914:, 1953, professor of neuroscience at MIT.
685:. Prominent Philomatheans have included:
566:On 7 April 2004, Philo hosted playwright
545:. Drawing from his then-unpublished book
241:(Latin for "thus we proceed to the stars"
2610:1813 establishments in the United States
2097:Networked and Social Systems Engineering
1771:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 18 April 1990
1743:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 15 April 1994
1715:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 11 April 2002
1641:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 17 April 2008
1627:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 24 April 2009
1587:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 14 March 2013
739:University of Pennsylvania School of Law
1669:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 8 April 2004
1655:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 6 April 2005
1613:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 3 March 2010
1601:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 7 April 2011
1225:
1196:
1135:Jefferson Literary and Debating Society
2595:Student societies in the United States
2198:Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
1477:"Philo Reigns as Oldest Student Group"
1391:
1145:Union-Philanthropic (Literary) Society
930:, 1959, pianist, composer, and writer.
908:, 1951, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania
631:On 17 April 1990, Philo hosted author
599:On 1 May 2001, Philo hosted physicist
1797:on the official Philomathean web site
1729:, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 2 May 2001
1553:
1551:
1155:Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies
376:, to read in the Philomathean Halls.
7:
2560:
1768:Renowned author Oates gives reading
1454:University of Pennsylvania Archives
1339:University of Pennsylvania Archives
1242:University of Pennsylvania Archives
32:§ Other Philomathean Societies
2077:International Studies and Business
1475:Horowitz, Rachel (February 2004).
1382:Philomathean Society, The (1858).
1185:List of college literary societies
946:, 1974, investigative reporter at
901:American Philosophical Association
837:, ennobled as Baron Robins in 1958
799:, 1870, 199th Moderator, Judge of
624:On 22 February 1993, Philo hosted
25:
2072:Mediterranean Art and Archaeology
1878:Philomathean Society of the Italy
1680:"Annenberg Center Live Home Page"
1333:Hood, Clifton R. (January 2006).
1236:Hood, Clifton R. (January 2006).
2559:
2546:
2545:
2040:
1975:Liberal and Professional Studies
1698:Rushdie talks politics and prose
1209:American Whig-Cliosophic Society
1111:American Whig-Cliosophic Society
761:, and founding president of the
160:
2112:Diplomacy and Global Engagement
2002:Engineering and Applied Science
1652:Veteran spy speaks against wars
849:, 1934, recipient of the first
763:Stevens Institute of Technology
547:Save The World On Your Own Time
509:On 14 March 2013, Philo hosted
1638:Oration delivered on evolution
1558:First Censor (November 2011).
716:U.S. Secretary of the Treasury
1:
2168:Institute of Contemporary Art
1740:Paglia stimulates discussion
1545:on the Philomathean web site.
1165:Demosthenian Literary Society
1063:Philomathean Literary Society
978:, Episcopal priest and author
657:United States Representatives
488:In Spring 2016, Philo hosted
467:In Spring 2019, Philo hosted
460:In Spring 2022, Philo hosted
424:known to some members as the
2148:David Rittenhouse Laboratory
2067:Global Communication Studies
1564:Philomathean Society Website
1456:. University of Pennsylvania
1370:Congressional Record 124:157
1341:. University of Pennsylvania
1244:. University of Pennsylvania
1005:Other Philomathean Societies
936:, 1971, author, biographer,
922:Council of Foreign Relations
899:, and past president of the
883:Institute for Advanced Study
749:George Augustus Bicknell Jr.
94:; 211 years ago
1430:copy of the original report
1205:Union-Philanthropic Society
1088:Ouachita Baptist University
1065:was established in 1842 at
481:In Fall 2016, Philo hosted
474:In Fall 2018, Philo hosted
305:, S. Huntington Jones, and
208:collegiate literary society
2626:
2600:Student debating societies
2590:University of Pennsylvania
2483:Notable alumni and faculty
2022:Social Policy and Practice
1945:University of Pennsylvania
820:Philadelphia Museum of Art
669:Philadelphia Museum of Art
434:University of Pennsylvania
204:University of Pennsylvania
49:University of Pennsylvania
29:
2541:
2380:Wharton School Publishing
2082:Management and Technology
2038:
1754:Aristide Fills U. Museum
1169:The University of Georgia
1056:Salisbury, North Carolina
667:, and the founder of the
2153:Fisher Fine Arts Library
1852:"List of Campus Offices"
881:, 1940, director of the
866:The Stars My Destination
692:, 1813, Director of the
2369:Pennsylvania Punch Bowl
2346:The Daily Pennsylvanian
2255:Fight on, Pennsylvania!
2057:Advanced Judaic Studies
1520:the Daily Pennsylvanian
1481:the Daily Pennsylvanian
785:Charles Custis Harrison
683:Pennsylvania Punch Bowl
674:The Daily Pennsylvanian
561:Malcolm Wrightson Nance
412:, a literary magazine.
2102:Molecular Life Science
1566:. Philomathean Society
1335:"Philomathean Society"
1290:Notre Dame Law Review.
1238:"Philomathean Society"
1149:Hampden–Sydney College
1139:University of Virginia
1086:Ouachita College, now
1074:University of Virginia
661:United States Senators
626:Jean-Bertrand Aristide
502:In 2014, Philo hosted
495:In 2015, Philo hosted
429:
426:William Henry Harrison
346:
338:
290:
257:
218:, a claim disputed by
2441:Penn Club of New York
2223:Richards Laboratories
1684:Annenberg Center Live
1125:Georgetown University
1072:Founded in 1849, the
1039:was founded in 1832.
825:George Wharton Pepper
703:U.S. Attorney General
699:Henry Dilworth Gilpin
628:, President of Haiti.
423:
344:
336:
288:
255:
2436:Philomathean Society
2353:34th Street Magazine
1893:Pennsylvania Gazette
1264:Daily Pennsylvanian.
1115:Princeton University
1037:Philomathean Society
797:Henry Galbraith Ward
230:is derived from the
157:Philomathean Society
148:www.philomathean.org
40:Philomathean Society
2447:Hail, Pennsylvania!
2314:Class of 1923 Arena
2213:Perelman Quadrangle
2178:Kelly Writers House
2027:Veterinary Medicine
1902:Daily Pennsylvanian
1895:Article about Philo
1884:Daily Pennsylvanian
1105:Columbia University
1101:Philolexian Society
1033:New York University
809:, 1878, founder of
777:, 1862, University
729:U.S. Representative
708:Robert James Walker
612:Livin' La Vida Loca
374:Yevgeny Yevtushenko
297:translation of the
275:Daily Pennsylvanian
224:Philolexian Society
220:Columbia University
2324:Meiklejohn Stadium
1372:. October 2, 1978.
1303:Wood, George Bacon
1121:Philodemic Society
959:Sports Illustrated
928:Gary Goldschneider
897:Harvard University
860:The Demolished Man
572:Resurrection Blues
430:
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329:Present activities
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266:Zelosophic Society
258:
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2507:Benjamin Franklin
2281:College Boat Club
2203:New Bolton Center
2173:Irvine Auditorium
2158:Historic District
1970:Graduate Division
1960:Arts and Sciences
1266:October 28, 1998.
954:Michael Bamberger
818:, 1881, founder,
737:, 1828, founder,
633:Joyce Carol Oates
583:Irvine Auditorium
476:Michael Gazzaniga
370:Joyce Carol Oates
239:Sic itur ad astra
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2454:The Red and Blue
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490:John Mearsheimer
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912:Richard Wurtman
855:science fiction
841:Frank C. Baxter
807:W. Atlee Burpee
769:Persifor Frazer
745:of Pennsylvania
725:John Cadwalader
714:from Missouri,
653:
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2244:Penn Quakers
2188:Moore School
2163:Houston Hall
2138:College Hall
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1343:. Retrieved
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988:Vivek Tiwary
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873:Bertram Korn
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858:
831:Ellis Robins
811:Burpee Seeds
755:Henry Morton
712:U.S. Senator
679:Mask and Wig
672:
654:
636:
608:Ricky Martin
601:Brian Greene
593:
592:, author of
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1856:catawba.edu
1812:archive.org
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1248:28 November
966:Robert Gant
938:Andy Warhol
879:Carl Kaysen
665:ambassadors
455:Cornel West
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2584:Categories
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