428:. A counterweighted spoon, supplied by a water tank, tips over in a basin when full releasing a pumice in the process. Once the spoon has emptied, it is pulled up again by the counterweight, closing the door on the pumice by the tightening string. Remarkably, Philo's comment that "its construction is similar to that of clocks" indicates that such escapements mechanism were already integrated in ancient water clocks.
443:. The doubling of the cube was necessitated by the following problem: given a catapult, construct a second catapult that is capable of firing a projectile twice as heavy as the projectile of the first catapult. His solution was to find the point of intersection of a rectangular
412:
pot that could be turned any way without spilling and expose the ink on top. This was done by the suspension of the inkwell at the centre, which was mounted on a series of concentric metal rings which remained stationary no matter which way the pot turns.
477:) is sometimes attributed to this Philo but more probably belongs to a different Philo of Byzantium, distinguished as Philo the Paradoxographer, who lived in a much later date, probably the 4th–5th century AD. It is printed in
621:
840:
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885:
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464:
895:
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431:
He is also credited with the construction of the first thermoscope (or Philo thermometer), an early version of the thermometer.
870:
318:
are extant in Greek, detailing missiles, the construction of fortresses, provisioning, attack and defence, as are fragments of
481:'s edition of Aelian (Paris: Firmin Didot, 1858); an English translation by Jean Blackwood is included as an appendix in
813:
655:
875:
784:
834:
401:, which by winding back and forth would automatically fire the machine's arrows until its magazine was empty.
860:
855:
337:
Another portion of the work, on pneumatic engines, has been preserved in the form of a Latin translation (
386:
which so far has been regarded as a later Arabic interpolation, includes the first description of a
820:
344:
783:
Of Pots and Pans: Papers on the
Archaeology and History of Mesopotamia and Syria as presented to
452:
394:
355:, 1882). Further portions probably survive in a derivative form, incorporated into the works of
824:
390:
in history, placing the invention of the water mill in the mid-third century BC by the Greeks.
794:
765:
720:
707:
699:
440:
371:
744:
757:
95:
849:
343:) of an Arabic translation (ed. W. Schmidt, with German translation, in the works of
574:
The
Parasceuastica and Poliorcetica are typically translated together as "On Sieges"
706:, Technology and Change in History, vol. 2, Leiden, pp. 343–369 (356f.),
227:
17:
326:(ed. R. Schone, 1893, with German translation in Hermann August Theodor Köchly's
698:
Lewis, Michael (2000), "Theoretical
Hydraulics, Automata, and Water Clocks", in
135:, who lived during the latter half of the 3rd century BC. Although he was from
790:
494:
478:
421:
393:
Philo's works also contain the oldest known application of a chain drive in a
387:
367:
260:
244:
140:
762:
The
Mystery of the Hanging Garden of Babylon; an elusive World wonder traced
444:
425:
356:
144:
136:
132:
54:
503:. New York, Oxford University Press, 2012. Appenedix E: Book V of Philo's
398:
131:
for "Philo the
Engineer"), was a Greek engineer, physicist and writer on
348:
210:
501:
The Age of Titans – the rise and fall of the great
Hellenistic navies
641:(University of Hull Press 1997), pp. 1–73 especially 44–45 and 58–60.
448:
405:
360:
789:, Edited by L. al-Gailani-Werr, J.E. Curtis, H. Martin, A. McMahon,
277:
128:
507:– The Naval Sections (translated to English), pp. 282–301 .
409:
468:
297:
284:
267:
250:
234:
217:
200:
187:
174:
160:
101:
99:
38:
306:) – On Letters (coding and hidden letters for military use)
841:
English translation of 'The Seven
Wonders of the World'
781:
Stephanie Dalley, "More about the
Hanging Gardens," in
485:
by
Michael Ashley (Glasgow: Fontana Paperbacks, 1980).
451:, a solution that is similar to the solution given by
27:
3rd century BCE Greek engineer, physicist and writer
668:Werner Soedel, Vernard Foley: "Ancient Catapults",
653:(2002): "Machines, Power and the Ancient Economy",
382:According to recent research, a section of Philo's
69:
61:
47:
34:
693:
691:
351:series, 1899; with French translation by Rochas,
639:Millstone and Hammer: the origins of water power
583:The title is also frequently given in Latin as
370:, a geometric construction that can be used to
353:La Science des philosophes... dans l'antiquité
439:In mathematics, Philo tackled the problem of
397:. Two flat-linked chains were connected to a
8:
672:, Vol. 240, No. 3 (March 1979), pp. 124–125.
424:mechanism, the earliest known, as part of a
596:
590:
584:
338:
169:), which contained the following sections:
147:, though some place him a century earlier.
725:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
155:Philo was the author of a large work, the
31:
683:A History of Science, The Norton Library
830:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
613:
517:
404:Philo also was the first to describe a
718:
524:The name also appears, less often, as
330:, vol. i. 1853; E. A. Rochas d'Aiglun,
183:) – Introduction (general mathematics)
143:, Egypt. He was probably younger than
7:
793:and J.E. Reade, (London), pp. 67–73
704:Handbook of Ancient Water Technology
814:Animation: Philons "Bird and snake"
626:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History
624:in R.S. Bagnall & al. (edd.),
25:
886:Ancient Greek military engineers
420:(chapter 31) Philo describes an
328:Griechische Kriegsschriftsteller
263:(mechanical toys and diversions)
764:Oxford University Press (2013)
549:Also various translated as the
906:Hellenistic military engineers
891:Ancient Greek military writers
685:(Volume 2), 1970, pp. 343–350.
659:, Vol. 92, pp. 1–32 (7f.)
483:The Seven Wonders of the World
1:
901:Ancient Greek science writers
139:he lived most of his life in
113:
656:The Journal of Roman Studies
866:3rd-century BC Greek people
922:
628:(Chichester, 2013) 5266-8.
469:
465:Seven Wonders of the World
374:, is attributed to Philo.
298:
285:
268:
251:
235:
218:
201:
188:
175:
161:
102:
100:
39:
586:De Septem Mundi Miraculis
475:Perì tō̂n Heptà Theamátōn
455:several centuries later.
340:De Ingeniis Spiritualibus
896:Ancient Greek physicists
835:University of St Andrews
196:) – Leverage (mechanics)
881:Ancient Greek inventors
551:Compendium of Mechanics
505:Compendium of Mechanics
332:Poliorcetique des Grecs
871:3rd-century BC writers
597:
592:De VII Mundi Miraculis
591:
585:
563:Mechanical Collections
555:Engineering Compendium
470:Περὶ τῶν Ἑπτὰ Θεαμάτων
339:
310:The military sections
276:) – Preparations (for
825:"Philo of Byzantium"
821:Robertson, Edmund F.
787:on his 75th Birthday
622:'Philo of Byzantium'
598:De 7 Mundi Miraculis
819:O'Connor, John J.;
747:on 1 December 2021.
670:Scientific American
530:Philon of Byzantium
499:William M. Murray,
463:A treatise titled "
345:Heron of Alexandria
110:Phílōn ho Byzántios
36:Philo of Byzantium
18:Philon of Byzantium
876:Ancient Byzantines
453:Hero of Alexandria
395:repeating crossbow
347:, vol. i., in the
92:Philo of Byzantium
770:978-0-19-966226-5
741:"Joule_biography"
441:doubling the cube
408:: an eight-sided
167:Mēkhanikḗ Sýntaxē
123:), also known as
103:Φίλων ὁ Βυζάντιος
89:
88:
40:Φίλων ὁ Βυζάντιος
16:(Redirected from
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837:
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779:
773:
758:Stephanie Dalley
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748:
743:. Archived from
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296:Peri Epistolon (
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257:Automatopoiētiká
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252:Αὐτοματοποιητικά
249:Automatopoeica (
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162:Μηχανική Σύνταξη
125:Philo Mechanicus
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372:double the cube
304:Perì Epistolō̂n
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120:
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85:
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43:
37:
28:
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5:
919:
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861:220s BC deaths
858:
856:280s BC births
848:
847:
844:
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809:
808:External links
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804:
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308:
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299:Περὶ Ἐπιστολῶν
294:
293:) – Siegecraft
283:Poliorcetica (
281:
274:Paraskeuastiká
269:Παρασκευαστικά
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231:
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199:Limenopoeica (
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117: 280 BC
111:
97:
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64:
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33:
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381:
365:
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336:
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323:
319:
316:Poliorcetica
315:
311:
309:
303:
291:Poliorkētiká
290:
286:Πολιορκητικά
273:
256:
240:
233:Pneumatica (
230:Construction
228:Siege Engine
223:
216:Belopoeica (
213:Construction
207:Limenopoiiká
206:
202:Λιμενοποιικά
193:
180:
166:
156:
154:
124:
109:
91:
90:
29:
785:David Oates
681:Sarton, G.
435:Mathematics
70:Occupations
850:Categories
609:References
559:Compendium
495:Chain pump
479:R. Hercher
422:escapement
418:Pneumatics
388:water mill
384:Pneumatics
368:Philo line
312:Belopoeica
261:Automatons
245:Pneumatics
241:Pneumatiká
236:Πνευματικά
224:Belopoiiká
219:Βελοποιικά
186:Mochlica (
141:Alexandria
119: – c.
65:c. 220 BCE
459:Apocrypha
445:hyperbola
426:washstand
363:authors.
357:Vitruvius
334:, 1872).
173:Isagoge (
145:Ctesibius
137:Byzantium
133:mechanics
79:Physician
55:Byzantium
51:c. 280 BC
791:J. Oates
721:citation
489:See also
399:windlass
194:Mokhliká
181:Eisagōgḗ
176:Εἰσαγωγή
157:Syntaxis
76:Engineer
702:(ed.),
416:In his
378:Devices
359:and of
349:Teubner
320:Isagoge
211:Harbour
189:Μοχλικά
797:
768:
710:
561:, and
557:, the
553:, the
536:, and
526:Philon
449:circle
447:and a
406:gimbal
361:Arabic
278:sieges
82:Writer
772:, p39
595:, or
512:Notes
151:Works
129:Latin
96:Greek
795:ISBN
766:ISBN
727:link
708:ISBN
366:The
322:and
314:and
259:) –
243:) –
226:) –
209:) –
62:Died
48:Born
467:" (
410:ink
852::
833:,
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760:,
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719:{{
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222:,
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192:,
179:,
165:,
114:c.
112:,
108:,
98::
801:.
729:)
601:.
565:.
540:.
280:)
159:(
127:(
94:(
20:)
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