287:
attack the ship. They need to be destroyed by being hit in the center, otherwise a shot will only destroy the bird's wing that can regenerate itself in a short time. The fourth stage features pink phoenix enemies, which can be destroyed similarly to the previous round. The fifth stage features a space fortress with a pack of small birds that attack the spaceship. The space fortress shoots missiles and approaches the player. After the space creature who pilots the ship is hit, the round is complete.
300:
788:
374:
at the time and made the game as part of his internship. It was developed in mid-1982. Mraceck said that they had to cut over one-third of their original code to fit the game on the cart. The two developers were limited to 8 KB rom cartridge for the game. The Atari 2600 version is missing elements
375:
from the arcade original, such as the ability to save high scores, the music, the star field background, numerals representing points when a bird is hit, the smaller birds appearing around the mothership, and has fewer enemies appear on the screen. The music lost from the arcade version included "
286:
There are five stages. The first begins with a wave of 16 small phoenixes that drop missiles to attack the players spaceship. A second wave includes more birds. The third wave introduces an enemy that appears in a group of eight. These enemies start as eggs than grow into blue phoenix birds that
311:
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, several game companies made outer-space themed shooter games, which involved players destroying alien space fleets. These games generally shared the traits of enemies slowing approaching towards the player from the top of the screen and attacking the player.
283:, set in space. The player maneuvers left and right to avoid objects such as missiles and charging enemies. A force field can be used by the player to protect them from these attacks. The force field only lasts a few seconds and then cannot be used for approximately five seconds after.
290:
Switches are available on the arcade machine to the operator of the machine that can adjust gameplay. These switches allow the number of initial lives in the game to range between three and six, while other switches control what score is required to earn an extra life.
31:
156:. The player controls a space ship shooting at incoming enemies that fly from the top of the screen down towards the player's ship. There are five stages which repeat endlessly. The fifth is a fight against a large enemy spaceship, making
682:
complimented the arcade game for expanding the gameplay of the shooter genre, specifically with the boss character and that the game was addictive as it "never fails to invoke the "one more go" desire in the player." In 1995,
338:
in the United States, Canada, and
Central and South America. Centuri had previously been Allied Leisure Industries, with Ed Miller becoming the company's president in 1980. Prior to working at Centuri, Miller had worked for
711:"considerably advanced" due to its difficulty to predict behaviors of enemies and final boss fight while also noting that it lacked some elements from modern shooters, such as power-ups and a larger enemy variety.
1882:
356:
In 1982, Atari received a four-year contract to distribute all current and future
Centuri arcade games outside of the arcade systems, and the first three games announced were ports of the games
322:
was initially developed in Japan. Japanese creators of video games were often denied credit for work by their companies out of fear they would go and work for rivals. The original developer of
732:
was one of the first shooter games to have a boss battle. Bosses would come to typify the shooter genre following the release of the game. Games that borrowed elements from
2134:
629:
showcased that Atari could still make both fun and graphically-appealing games, while finding the game still suffered in comparison to the
Intellivision release of
652:
the game was awarded a five out of five rating, referring to it as a "one of the most impressive games the "slide-and-shoot" genre has to offer, bested only by
1892:
658:(1981) in terms of sheer enjoyment and replayability" and said that "finely balanced" shooting action combined with "colorfully" animated graphics made
597:(1982), noting the quality in graphics and control, and stating it "is perhaps the finest invasion title ever produced for the 2600!" Noel Steere of
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2003:
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61.4 million with a profit of 7.5 million. In comparison, the company's previous year gross was $ 5.9 million with a loss of $ 4.5 million.
722:(2014). Weiss declared the Atari port had rich graphics, crisp sound and excellent gameplay, preserving the feel of original arcade game.
2139:
326:
is unknown. The rights to the game for distribution were owned by several companies, including Amstar
Electronics who were based in
1945:
621:
found that the gameplay and challenge was too watered down compared to the original arcade game and Imagic's game. Phil
Wiswell of
2154:
801:
609:". The game received a Certificate of Merit in the category of "1984 Best Science Fiction / Fantasy Videogame" at the 5th annual
605:
257:
167:
The game was created in Japan by an unknown developer. Following the game's release in Europe and
Japanese arcades in 1980,
1642:
2149:
2109:
2014:
1970:
1414:
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praised the game, stating it was a "perfect arcade adaptation" with beautiful sound, which made up "for the sin of
2114:
2104:
2061:
1745:
578:
2129:
1795:
1409:
2124:
748:
376:
1790:
Lerner, Neil (2014). "The
Origins of Musical Style in Video Games, 1977-1983". In Neumeyer, David (ed.).
358:
2119:
1628:
567:
556:
445:
370:. The Atari port of the game was made by John Mraceck and Michael Feinstein. Mraceck was a junior at
218:
41:
2086:
1995:
1526:; Barbagallo, Ralph; East, Mark; Hudak, Chris; Kitts, Jeff; Meston, Zach; Yang, Jeff (April 1995).
726:
included the Atari 2600 port of the game in their list of the top 25 games for the system in 2008.
350:
2066:
563:
was the best selling of
Centuri's titles by 1982. The Atari 2600 version sold over 600,000 units.
555:
The arcade game was popular in Europe and Japan. At the end of 1981, Centuri reported revenues of
398:. The arcade version of the game was distributed in the United States by Centuri in January 1981.
1489:
793:
593:
265:
161:
76:
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and Arnie Katz wrote that the game was favorably compared to other Atari 2600 releases such as
1999:
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81:
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was released for the Atari 2600 in
February 1983. Atari had the exclusive rights to produce
327:
206:
122:
1821:
1532:
1429:
685:
280:
1953:
1581:
1419:
422:. A settlement was reached in January 1983, with Imagic still being allowed to release
345:
1670:
The Minds Behind
Shooter Games: Interviews with Cult and Classic Video Game Developers
571:
referred to the Atari 2600 adaptation as a good translation of the arcade classic. In
307:. The game was distributed in Japan and Europe before its release to American arcades.
2098:
1887:
1813:
1767:
Kunkel, Bill; Katz, Arnie (January 1984). "Arcade Alley: The Arcade Awards, Part 1".
1571:
441:
432:
149:
127:
61:
693:
at #69 on their list of "Top 100 Video Games", saying that it was one of the better
30:
1579:
Corderi, Victoria (19 February 1982). "Home Video Addicts to Get Centuri's Games".
610:
414:
189:
380:
299:
1727:
1549:
Burton, Richard (2013). "Back to the Eighties: The Latest New from April 1981".
1392:
699:
474:
248:
praised the game as expanding on formulas established in earlier shooter games.
176:
1883:"Here's Why Japanese Video Game Companies Often Didn't Credit Their Developers"
1817:
1523:
783:
479:
180:
85:
1917:
1873:
1854:
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1401:
2019:
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678:
649:
516:
245:
240:
204:
received positive reviews from contemporary video game publications such as
175:, where it helped the company turn a profit after a loss the previous year.
2024:
1974:
668:
430:
was released for home computers and game systems in the compilation game
256:
2080:
1949:
487:
331:
172:
66:
334:
entered into a licensing agreement with Amstar Electronics to release
2074:
654:
409:
184:
238:
on the Intellivision. Retrospective reviews of the arcade game from
1849:(in French). No. 3. Paris, France: Japan Culture Press. 2006.
395:
340:
298:
255:
153:
152:
video game developed for arcades in Japan and released in 1980 by
55:
50:
641:
was superior, but found that final battle with the mothership in
1441:. Hialeah, Florida, United States: Centuri. 1982. 364-62-0100 A.
742:
437:
394:
was released in Japan on December 1980 where it was licensed to
1725:
Jones, Darran; Hunt, Stuart (2008). "Top 25 Atari 2600 Games".
1493:. Vol. 43, no. 18. Cash Box Pub. 19 September 1981.
1626:
Davis, Dick (3 March 1982). "Another Video Game Candidate:".
1510:. Vol. 42, no. 35. Cash Box Pub. 24 January 1981.
1002:
1000:
987:
985:
676:
took its gameplay "a few screens further". Chris Wilkins of
272:
is one of the first shooter games to feature a boss battle.
1470:
Arcade TV Game List Domestic/Overseas Edition (1971-2005)
1189:
1187:
957:
955:
1506:"Centuri, Amstar Announce Licensing Pact for 'Phoenix'".
1410:"Video Games Market Booms, and the Japanese Want a Share"
1277:
1464:
Akagi, Masumi (2006). "海外編" [Overseas Edition].
942:
940:
823:
821:
819:
817:
1427:"Phoenix: Adam Miller's Challenger Enters Video Wars".
1159:
1157:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1663:. Vol. 1, no. 6. Publications International.
1174:
1172:
972:
970:
867:
865:
1120:
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magazine concurred that the Intellivision version of
408:
for home consoles and filed suit against the company
179:
contracted the rights to develop a home port for the
164:, an element that would become common for the genre.
1472:] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency.
383:" which is played when a player completes a level.
133:
121:
91:
75:
40:
23:
1862:Steere, Noel (April 1983). "Hits & Missiles".
1689:The Sega Arcade Revolution: A History in 62 Games
1396:. No. 172. Future Publishing Limited. 2017.
648:In a retrospective review by Brett Alan Weiss of
1566:Claro, Joe, ed. (July 1983). "Player's Choice".
1553:. No. 118. Imagine Publishing. p. 14.
1536:. No. 4. Harris Publications. p. 31.
852:
850:
848:
343:, where he had arranged a deal with to license
1992:The 100 Greatest Console Video Games 1977-1987
1659:Gorzelany, Jim (July 1983). "The Home Front".
1325:
839:
720:The 100 Greatest Console Video Games 1977-1987
234:felt it was not as strong as the similar game
2044:. Vol. 1, no. 7. Pumpkin Press Inc.
1609:1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die
1446:"Critically Speak... Atari 2600-Compatible".
613:. Some critics compared the game to Imagic's
379:", which is played when the game starts and "
8:
714:Brett Weiss included the Atari 2600 port of
1912:. No. 238. Future Publishing Limited.
1418:. 25 December 1981. p. C2 – via
1018:
1006:
991:
919:
316:was one of the games following this trend.
1241:
1229:
645:allowed Atari's game to stand on its own.
468:
459:
29:
20:
2135:Multiplayer and single-player video games
2040:Wiswell, Phil (April 1983). "Soft Spot".
1792:The Oxford Handbook of Film Music Studies
1450:. Vol. 1, no. 10. January 1983.
1313:
1193:
197:. The 2600 version was released in 1983.
1607:Dahlen, Chris (2010). Mott, Tony (ed.).
895:
827:
662:a classic in shooter genre. In his book
171:was distributed in the United States by
1865:Electronic Fun with Computers and Games
1459:. Vol. 1, no. 12. March 1983.
1253:
1178:
1107:
976:
813:
600:Electronic Fun with Computers and Games
503:Electronic Fun with Computers and Games
213:Electronic Fun with Computers and Games
1881:Szczepaniak, John (26 December 2022).
1466:アーケードTVゲームリス 国内 • 海外編 ( 1971 - 2005 )ト
1361:
1289:
1163:
1136:
1059:
689:magazine ranked the arcade version of
666:(2013), Matt Fox compared the game to
1349:
1337:
1301:
1265:
1071:
1047:
1035:
907:
465:
193:, which they felt was too similar to
7:
1748:(June 1983). "Programmable Arcade".
1594:. No. 161. Imagine Publishing.
961:
625:found that Atari's versions of both
464:
1927:Classic Home Video Games, 1972-1984
1124:
703:, Nick Thorpe compared the game to
697:variations. Discussing the game in
455:
2013:Wilkins, Chris (2 November 2007).
1217:
14:
2091:for the Atari 2600 at Atari Mania
1590:Crookes, David (2016). "Imagic".
160:one of the first shooters with a
1929:. McFarland & Company, Inc.
1908:Thorpe, Nick (2022). "Phoenix".
1710:. McFarland & Company, Inc.
1691:. McFarland & Company, Inc.
1672:. McFarland & Company, Inc.
1148:
856:
802:Golden age of arcade video games
786:
2165:Video games set in outer space
2160:Video games developed in Japan
1433:. 17 January 1982. p. 6B.
1373:
1095:
883:
871:
1:
1668:Hickey, Jr., Patrick (2021).
1643:McFarland & Company, Inc.
1205:
1083:
946:
418:(1982) was too derivative of
303:An Italian arcade cabinet of
137:1-2 players alternating turns
2145:Phoenixes in popular culture
1777:(10). Reese Communications.
1754:. Vol. 1, no. 16.
1390:"Classic Moments: Phoenix".
760:were released in arcades as
756:(1983). Bootleg versions of
412:, believing that their game
1868:. Vol. 1, no. 6.
1731:. No. 46. p. 32.
1570:. Vol. 1, no. 6.
1096:The Video Game Update 1983
633:. An anonymous reviewer in
2181:
1415:The San Francisco Examiner
1326:Montfort & Bogost 2009
1218:The Video Game Update 1983
931:
840:Montfort & Bogost 2009
2140:Multiplayer hotseat games
2062:Killer List of Videogames
1973:. AllGame. Archived from
1845:"Phoenix (Taito, 1980)".
1528:"The Top 100 Video Games"
478:
473:
28:
2155:Video games about birds
1796:Oxford University Press
1611:. Universe Publishing.
1455:"Availability Update".
1706:Horowitz, Ken (2020).
1687:Horowitz, Ken (2018).
1457:The Video Game Update
1439:Phoenix Service Manual
1242:Kunkel & Katz 1984
1230:Katz & Kunkel 1983
308:
273:
1990:Weiss, Brett (2014).
1969:Weiss , Brett Alan.
1925:Weiss, Brett (2011).
1639:The Video Games Guide
1448:The Video Game Update
1314:Jones & Hunt 2008
672:(1979), stating that
568:The Video Game Update
542:The Video Games Guide
302:
259:
222:with some reviews in
219:The Video Game Update
2083:.net Arcade Database
1629:The Orlando Sentinel
664:The Video Game Guide
452:Reception and legacy
446:PlayStation Portable
426:for the Atari 2600.
281:fixed-screen shooter
1996:Schiffer Publishing
1977:on 14 November 2014
1956:on 14 November 2014
1944:Weiss, Brett Alan.
1895:on 24 November 2022
1572:Marvel Comics Group
1304:, pp. 164–165.
617:. Jim Gorzelany of
462:
448:, and Windows PCs.
351:Bally Manufacturing
260:Arcade gameplay of
2150:Taito arcade games
2110:Arcade video games
1708:Beyond Donkey Kong
1637:Fox, Matt (2013).
1278:Amrich et al. 1995
794:Video games portal
594:Demons to Diamonds
460:
309:
274:
200:The Atari port of
103:December 1980 (JP)
2071:at Arcade History
2005:978-0-7643-4618-7
1936:978-0-7864-6938-3
1837:978-0-262-01257-7
1805:978-0-19-532849-3
1717:978-1-4766-8420-8
1698:978-1-4766-7225-0
1679:978-1-4766-8273-0
1651:978-0-7864-7257-4
1618:978-0-7893-2090-2
1479:978-4-9902512-1-5
1316:, pp. 24–25.
552:
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106:January 1981 (US)
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2105:1980 video games
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2023:. Archived from
2009:
1986:
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1952:. Archived from
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1891:. Archived from
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1751:Electronic Games
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2050:External links
2048:
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2027:on 4 July 2022
2010:
2004:
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1888:Time Extension
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1632:. p. 3-E.
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1585:. p. 10A.
1582:The Miami News
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1194:Gorzelany 1983
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1127:, p. 214.
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2146:
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2141:
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2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:Centuri games
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2090:
2089:
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2079:entry at the
2078:
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2063:
2059:
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2043:
2038:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1923:
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1911:
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1747:
1744:Katz, Arnie;
1742:
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1417:
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1399:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1376:, p. 77.
1375:
1370:
1367:
1364:, p. 14.
1363:
1358:
1355:
1352:, p. 47.
1351:
1346:
1343:
1340:, p. 16.
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1295:
1292:, p. 18.
1291:
1286:
1283:
1280:, p. 31.
1279:
1274:
1271:
1268:, p. 17.
1267:
1262:
1259:
1256:, p. 63.
1255:
1250:
1247:
1244:, p. 42.
1243:
1238:
1235:
1232:, p. 42.
1231:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1208:, p. 46.
1207:
1202:
1199:
1196:, p. 60.
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1166:, p. 59.
1165:
1160:
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1139:, p. 40.
1138:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1110:, p. 54.
1109:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1086:, p. 37.
1085:
1080:
1077:
1074:, p. 42.
1073:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1053:
1050:, p. 89.
1049:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:, p. 55.
1020:
1015:
1012:
1009:, p. 54.
1008:
1003:
1001:
997:
994:, p. 52.
993:
988:
986:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
963:
958:
956:
952:
949:, p. 42.
948:
943:
941:
937:
934:, p. 34.
933:
928:
925:
921:
916:
913:
909:
904:
901:
898:, p. 31.
897:
896:Horowitz 2018
892:
889:
885:
880:
877:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
849:
845:
842:, p. 96.
841:
836:
833:
830:, p. 43.
829:
828:Horowitz 2020
824:
822:
820:
818:
814:
807:
803:
800:
799:
795:
784:
779:
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774:Batman Part 2
771:
767:
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754:Condor Attack
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461:Review scores
451:
449:
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442:PlayStation 2
439:
435:
434:
433:Taito Legends
429:
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150:fixed shooter
147:
146:
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132:
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128:Fixed shooter
126:
124:
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114:February 1983
113:
111:
108:
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100:
97:
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83:
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74:
68:
63:
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52:
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45:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
16:
2087:
2075:
2067:
2056:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2025:the original
2018:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1975:the original
1958:. Retrieved
1954:the original
1926:
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1893:the original
1886:
1863:
1846:
1822:
1791:
1774:
1768:
1749:
1746:Kunkel, Bill
1726:
1707:
1688:
1669:
1660:
1638:
1627:
1608:
1591:
1580:
1567:
1550:
1531:
1507:
1488:
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1456:
1447:
1438:
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1413:
1391:
1369:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1285:
1273:
1261:
1254:Wiswell 1983
1249:
1237:
1225:
1213:
1206:Cashbox 1981
1201:
1179:Wilkins 2007
1144:
1132:
1108:Crookes 2016
1103:
1091:
1084:Cashbox 1981
1079:
1067:
1055:
1043:
1014:
977:Corderi 1982
947:Cashbox 1981
927:
915:
903:
891:
886:, p. 8.
884:Centuri 1982
879:
874:, p. 3.
872:Centuri 1982
835:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
752:(1981), and
747:
741:
737:
733:
729:
728:
723:
719:
718:in his book
715:
713:
708:
704:
698:
694:
690:
684:
677:
673:
667:
663:
659:
653:
647:
642:
639:Demon Attack
638:
634:
631:Demon Attack
630:
626:
622:
618:
615:Demon Attack
614:
611:Arkie Awards
604:
598:
592:
591:(1982), and
586:
582:
572:
566:
565:
560:
554:
541:
529:
515:
501:
486:
431:
427:
424:Demon Attack
423:
419:
415:Demon Attack
413:
405:
401:
400:
391:
390:
367:
363:
357:
355:
344:
335:
323:
319:
318:
313:
310:
304:
289:
285:
276:
275:
269:
268:mothership.
261:
239:
236:Demon Attack
235:
231:
227:
223:
217:
211:
205:
201:
199:
194:
190:Demon Attack
188:
168:
166:
157:
144:
143:
142:
109:
98:
42:Publisher(s)
35:Arcade flyer
15:
2120:Atari games
2042:Video Games
1960:17 November
1910:Retro Gamer
1818:Bogost, Ian
1728:Retro Gamer
1592:Retro Gamer
1551:Retro Gamer
1524:Amrich, Dan
1393:Retro Gamer
1362:Burton 2013
1290:Thorpe 2022
1164:Steere 1983
1137:Dahlen 2010
1060:Lerner 2014
724:Retro Gamer
700:Retro Gamer
623:Video Games
579:Bill Kunkel
466:Publication
436:(2005) for
366:(1981) and
295:Development
232:Video Games
177:Atari, Inc.
162:boss battle
77:Platform(s)
2099:Categories
1847:Retro Game
1350:Weiss 2011
1338:Weiss 2011
1302:Weiss 2014
1266:Claro 1983
1072:Akagi 2006
1048:Weiss 2011
1036:Weiss 2014
908:Davis 1982
808:References
707:, finding
480:Atari 2600
364:Challenger
349:(1978) to
181:Atari 2600
110:Atari 2600
86:Atari 2600
2031:14 August
2020:Eurogamer
2015:"Phoenix"
1981:14 August
1971:"Phoenix"
1946:"Phoenix"
1918:1742-3155
1899:15 August
1874:0746-0546
1855:2728-0810
1828:MIT Press
1783:0147-8907
1760:0730-6687
1737:1742-3155
1600:1742-3155
1559:1742-3155
1542:1074-5602
1516:0008-7289
1499:0008-7289
1402:1742-3155
679:Eurogamer
517:Eurogamer
457:Reception
381:Für Elise
241:Eurogamer
183:and sued
1820:(2009).
1125:Fox 2013
780:See also
749:Pleiades
746:(1981),
736:include
669:Galaxian
583:Vanguard
362:(1981),
359:Vanguard
252:Gameplay
123:Genre(s)
2088:Phoenix
2081:Centuri
2076:Phoenix
2068:Phoenix
2060:at the
2057:Phoenix
1950:AllGame
1661:JoyStik
1508:Cashbox
1490:Cashbox
1384:Sources
770:Vautour
766:Griffon
758:Phoenix
734:Phoenix
730:Phoenix
716:Phoenix
709:Phoenix
691:Phoenix
674:Phoenix
660:Phoenix
650:AllGame
643:Phoenix
627:Phoenix
619:JoyStik
606:Pac-Man
561:Phoenix
530:JoyStik
488:AllGame
428:Phoenix
420:Phoenix
406:Phoenix
402:Phoenix
392:Phoenix
387:Release
368:Phoenix
336:Phoenix
332:Centuri
324:Phoenix
320:Phoenix
314:Phoenix
305:Phoenix
277:Phoenix
270:Phoenix
262:Phoenix
246:AllGame
228:JoyStik
202:Phoenix
195:Phoenix
173:Centuri
169:Phoenix
158:Phoenix
145:Phoenix
134:Mode(s)
92:Release
67:Centuri
24:Phoenix
2002:
1933:
1916:
1872:
1853:
1834:
1802:
1781:
1758:
1735:
1714:
1695:
1676:
1648:
1615:
1598:
1557:
1540:
1514:
1497:
1476:
1400:
1149:Weiss
772:, and
762:Condor
655:Galaga
475:Arcade
410:Imagic
216:, and
185:Imagic
99:Arcade
82:Arcade
1770:Video
1468:[
857:Weiss
557:USD$
496:4.5/5
469:Score
396:Taito
341:Taito
279:is a
154:Taito
148:is a
56:Taito
2033:2024
2000:ISBN
1983:2024
1962:2023
1931:ISBN
1914:ISSN
1901:2024
1870:ISSN
1851:ISSN
1832:ISBN
1800:ISBN
1779:ISSN
1756:ISSN
1733:ISSN
1712:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1674:ISBN
1646:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1596:ISSN
1568:Blip
1555:ISSN
1538:ISSN
1533:Flux
1512:ISSN
1495:ISSN
1474:ISBN
1398:ISSN
743:Gorf
686:Flux
635:Blip
522:9/10
438:Xbox
266:boss
244:and
230:and
224:Blip
546:4/5
536:2/5
510:4/4
493:5/5
372:MIT
353:.
2101::
2017:.
1998:.
1994:.
1948:.
1885:.
1830:.
1826:.
1816:;
1798:.
1794:.
1773:.
1641:.
1530:.
1412:.
1186:^
1171:^
1156:^
1115:^
1026:^
999:^
984:^
969:^
954:^
939:^
864:^
847:^
816:^
776:.
768:,
764:,
740:,
585:,
577:,
444:,
440:,
330:.
226:,
210:,
84:,
62:US
51:JP
2035:.
2008:.
1985:.
1964:.
1939:.
1920:.
1903:.
1876:.
1857:.
1840:.
1808:.
1785:.
1775:7
1762:.
1739:.
1720:.
1701:.
1682:.
1654:.
1621:.
1602:.
1574:.
1561:.
1544:.
1518:.
1501:.
1482:.
1422:.
1404:.
1220:.
1181:.
1151:.
1098:.
979:.
964:.
922:.
910:.
859:.
64::
53::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
