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There was a wave of concern in late 1858 about alleged "Phoenix
Societies", encompassing not only that centred on Skibbereen, but also unnamed proto-IRB groups established elsewhere by Stephens. On 8 December, 15 members were arrested in Cork and Kerry. In Tralee at the 1859 Kerry Spring
1127:
I remember the night we met to give it a name. Some proposed that it be called the Emmet
Monument Association, others proposed other names. I proposed that it be called the Phoenix National and Literary Society — the word
1155:. It subscribed to nationalist newspapers and had meeting rooms, first in the drug store of physician Jerrie Crowley, and after his death in Morty "the Second" Downing's. It also began secretly organising paramilitary
1225:, a dishonourable act which stirred support for the defendants. The moderate nationalist press, which had originally presented them as misguided hotheads, switched to regarding them as entrapped innocents. After the
1132:
signifying that the Irish cause was again to rise from the ashes of our martyred nationality. My resolution was carried, and that is how the word
Phoenix comes into Irish national history.
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Kennedy, Padraic (September 2010). ""The
Indispensable Informer": Daniel O'Sullivan Goula and the Phoenix Society, 1858–59".
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to plead guilty on condition that they and Agreem would be released for emigration. The
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1159:. In January 1858 an account of the speeches at its first-anniversary meeting was published in the
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Ireland and Anglo-Irish
Relations since 1800: Critical Essays: Volume I: Union to the Land War
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1201:. O'Donovan Rossa, Mortimer Moynahan, and William O'Shea were remanded in
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O'Donovan describes the origin of the society's name in his memoirs:
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The
Fenians: Irish Rebellion in the North Atlantic World, 1858–1876
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until the Cork Summer
Assizes, and the other arrestees released on
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1165:; it was later republished elsewhere, coming to the attention of
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1599:Ó Lúing, Seán (1969). "The Phoenix Society in Kerry, 1858–59".
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Originally the
Phoenix Society met overtly, with elements of a
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The Phœnix Societies in Ireland and America, 1858 and 1862
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Steward, Patrick; McGovern, Bryan P. (17 July 2013).
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1586:Ă“ Broin, LeĂłn (1980). "The Phoenix Conspiracy ".
1573:Ă“ Broin, LeĂłn (1980). "The Phoenix Conspiracy ".
1140:, had been formed in New York in February 1855.)
1267:Fleming, N. C.; O'Day, Alan (30 November 2017).
1323:. Mariner's Harbor, New York: O'Donovan Rossa.
1136:(An "Emmet Monument Association", named after
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454:Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)
8:
1334:. Vol. I. London: Downey & Company.
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1229:the three Cork detainees agreed with the
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1245:and by O'Mahony's "Phoenix Zouaves", a
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2571:Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act 1848
1331:Recollections of Fenians and Fenianism
645:Irish People's Liberation Organisation
1086:Phoenix National and Literary Society
895:Phoenix National and Literary Society
7:
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1369:. Dublin: Alexander Martin Sullivan.
792:National Graves Association, Belfast
724:South Armagh Republican Action Force
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1320:Rossa's Recollections, 1838 to 1898
215:Dissident Irish republican campaign
2650:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1683:Physical force Irish republicanism
1317:O'Donovan Rossa, Jeremiah (1898).
14:
2712:Organizations established in 1856
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1197:despite an exhaustive defence by
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2702:Irish republican organisations
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747:32 County Sovereignty Movement
605:Irish National Liberation Army
1:
1504:Dictionary of Irish Biography
1498:Woods, C. J. (October 2009).
2409:Irish Republican Brotherhood
2258:The Irish People (newspaper)
1645:Irish Republican Brotherhood
1456:Steward & McGovern 2013
1345:. Univ. of Tennessee Press.
1209:. Moynahan was the clerk of
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885:Northern Resistance Movement
802:Revolutionary Housing League
666:Irish Republican Brotherhood
469:Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann
396:Republican Network for Unity
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82:Irish republican legitimism
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1361:Sullivan, Alexander Martin
1213:, who was the defendants'
1112:movement suppressed after
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855:Emmet Monument Association
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671:Irish Revolutionary Forces
640:Irish National Invincibles
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170:Irish War of Independence
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2081:Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa
1840:Fenian dynamite campaign
1217:and chair of Skibbereen
1106:Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa
1100:. It was established in
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507:National Corporate Party
489:Irish Independence Party
205:1981 Irish hunger strike
150:Fenian dynamite campaign
2576:Treason Felony Act 1848
2394:Young Ireland rebellion
2025:Edward O'Meagher Condon
2018:Ricard O'Sullivan Burke
1741:Hindu–German Conspiracy
1506:. Royal Irish Academy.
1237:, by John O'Mahony and
1223:turned Queen's evidence
777:Irish National Congress
767:Connolly Youth Movement
701:Republican Defence Army
522:Republican Labour Party
479:Independent Fianna Fáil
135:Young Ireland rebellion
130:Irish rebellion of 1803
120:Irish Rebellion of 1798
2722:History of County Cork
2646:-related article is a
2495:Thomas Francis Meagher
1718:Irish Race Conventions
1328:O'Leary, John (1896).
1251:69th Infantry Regiment
1231:new Liberal government
1108:, as a revival of the
1096:organisation based in
870:Irish Republican Voice
845:Comhairle na Poblachta
658:Irish Republican Army
650:Irish Republican Army
2505:William Smith O'Brien
2287:Phoenix Park killings
2244:Irish Republican Army
2011:Thomas Francis Bourke
1814:Clerkenwell explosion
1531:O'Donovan Rossa 1898
1512:10.3318/dib.002746.v1
1484:O'Donovan Rossa 1898
1443:O'Donovan Rossa 1898
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1404:O'Donovan Rossa 1898
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160:1918 general election
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1145:mechanics' institute
1104:in December 1856 by
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762:Connolly Association
741:Active Organisations
610:Óglaigh na hÉireann
401:Republican Sinn FĂ©in
298:Constance Markievicz
67:Dissident republican
2545:Patrick James Smyth
2535:Thomas Devin Reilly
2480:Thomas D'Arcy McGee
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2383:A Nation Once Again
2377:Revolutions of 1848
2367:Irish Confederation
2362:Irish republicanism
2177:Thomas Miller Beach
1907:John O'Connor Power
1676:Irish republicanism
1092:) was an 1856–1859
1034:Politics portal
958:The Gaelic American
900:Troops Out Movement
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464:Cumann na Poblachta
28:Irish republicanism
21:Part of a series on
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2470:James Fintan Lalor
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1255:American Civil War
1247:Fenian Brotherhood
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1046:Ireland portal
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1826:Catalpa rescue
1822:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1755:Irish Republic
1751:
1744:
1737:
1728:
1725:Obstructionism
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1596:
1594:(55): 157–171.
1583:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1524:
1490:
1474:
1462:
1449:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1397:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1357:
1351:
1336:
1325:
1314:
1285:
1279:
1262:
1259:
1241:'s newspaper
1199:Thomas O'Hagan
1195:treason felony
1183:unlawful oaths
1179:secret society
1167:James Stephens
1134:
1133:
1118:Gaelic revival
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1036:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
914:
911:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
831:
828:
827:
824:
823:
820:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
743:
740:
739:
736:
735:
732:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
655:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
616:
615:
607:
596:
595:
590:
585:
580:
578:Fianna Éireann
575:
570:
568:Continuity IRA
565:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
372:
370:Active parties
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
355:
350:
348:James Stephens
345:
340:
335:
333:Patrick Pearse
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
253:James Connolly
250:
245:
240:
235:
229:
226:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
116:
113:
112:
109:
108:
105:
104:
102:United Ireland
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
45:
44:
41:
40:
32:
31:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2739:
2728:
2727:Ireland stubs
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2681:
2676:
2674:
2669:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2617:
2609:
2607:
2599:
2597:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:John O'Mahony
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Maurice Leyne
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2430:Joseph Brenan
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:Personalities
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2331:Young Ireland
2325:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2127:Bulmer Hobson
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:Éamonn Ceannt
2110:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2074:John O'Mahony
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2046:Timothy Deasy
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1935:Seamus Deakin
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:Easter Rising
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:Fenian Rising
1807:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1711:New Departure
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1662:Young Ireland
1659:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1559:
1556:O'Leary 1896
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:O'Leary 1896
1541:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1469:O'Leary 1896
1466:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1273:. Routledge.
1272:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1235:New York City
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:John O'Mahony
1168:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:drinking club
1146:
1141:
1139:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:Young Ireland
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
938:Irish Freedom
936:
934:
933:IRIS Magazine
931:
929:
926:
924:
923:Evening Press
921:
919:
916:
915:
909:
908:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
832:
826:
825:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
738:
737:
730:
729:Young Ireland
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
656:
654:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
630:Irish Brigade
628:
626:
623:
622:
621:
620:
614:
608:
606:
603:
602:
601:
600:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
560:
559:
551:
550:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
449:Clann Éireann
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
420:
419:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
367:
366:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
328:John O'Mahony
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
288:Seán MacBride
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
238:Cathal Brugha
236:
234:
231:
230:
224:
223:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
155:Easter Rising
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
140:Fenian Rising
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
117:
111:
110:
103:
100:
98:
97:Republicanism
95:
93:
90:
88:
87:New Departure
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
52:Abstentionism
50:
49:
43:
42:
38:
34:
33:
30:
24:
20:
19:
16:
2652:expanding it
2641:
2626:
2564:British laws
2525:John O'Leary
2500:John Mitchel
2440:Thomas Davis
2425:Joseph Blake
2381:
2372:Great Hunger
2349:
2202:Clan na Gael
2105:20th century
2003:19th century
1963:Harry Boland
1956:Seán McGarry
1921:Neal O'Boyle
1914:John O'Leary
1818:Fenian raids
1731:
1604:
1600:
1591:
1587:
1581:(54): 25–46.
1578:
1574:
1552:
1540:
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1503:
1493:
1465:
1452:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1365:
1341:
1330:
1319:
1293:
1290:Éire-Ireland
1289:
1269:
1242:
1239:John O'Leary
1187:
1160:
1142:
1138:Robert Emmet
1135:
1122:
1089:
1085:
1083:
918:An Phoblacht
894:
835:Clan na Gael
681:Official IRA
618:
617:
598:
597:
557:
474:Fianna Uladh
434:Anti H-Block
338:Seán Russell
268:Robert Emmet
195:The Troubles
145:Fenian raids
15:
2616:WikiProject
2540:John Savage
2490:John Martin
2465:John Kenyon
2460:Philip Gray
2435:Robert Cane
2275:Derivatives
1949:Thomas Ashe
1861:Army Mutiny
1588:Irish Sword
1575:Irish Sword
1243:The Phoenix
988:The Phoenix
708:(1967–1975)
660:(1922–1969)
652:(1919–1922)
386:Fianna Fáil
358:Moss Twomey
343:Bobby Sands
243:Neil Blaney
233:Gerry Adams
200:Arms Crisis
2717:Skibbereen
2691:Categories
2555:Jane Wilde
2351:The Nation
2194:Associates
2169:Informants
2120:Tom Clarke
2053:John Devoy
1994:Prominent
1871:Presidents
1733:Fenian Ram
1375:References
1102:Skibbereen
983:The Nation
714:Saor Uladh
706:Saor Éire
353:Wolfe Tone
248:Tom Clarke
92:Radicalism
2088:Pat Nally
2032:John Daly
1762:Sinn FĂ©in
1704:Cuba Five
1669:Fenianism
1488:–209, 219
1394:p. xlviii
1215:solicitor
1181:bound by
1177:(IRB), a
1098:West Cork
953:Sinn FĂ©in
532:Saor Éire
411:Sinn FĂ©in
2606:Category
1833:Land War
1418:p. xlvii
1363:(1862).
691:Real IRA
599:Inactive
72:Éire Nua
46:Concepts
2644:Ireland
2338:General
1996:members
1802:Actions
1654:General
1607:: 5–26.
1533:pp. 226
1517:2 March
1486:pp. 208
1445:pp. 186
1261:Sources
1253:in the
1191:Assizes
1130:Phoenix
757:Cabhair
619:Defunct
593:New IRA
406:Saoradh
114:History
1558:p. 195
1546:p. 105
1458:pp. 19
1430:p. 179
1406:p. 149
1349:
1310:444354
1308:
1277:
1157:drills
787:NORAID
782:IRSCNA
558:Active
501:(1976)
381:ÉirĂgĂ
227:People
185:S-Plan
2642:This
1471:p. 84
1153:Kerry
912:Media
772:IRPWA
537:SLISO
376:AontĂş
2648:stub
1816:and
1535:–229
1519:2024
1447:–187
1347:ISBN
1275:ISBN
1207:bail
1169:and
1147:and
1088:(or
1084:The
1508:doi
1460:–20
1298:doi
1185:.
2693::
1603:.
1592:14
1590:.
1579:14
1577:.
1502:.
1477:^
1436:^
1383:^
1304:.
1294:45
1292:.
1257:.
2679:e
2672:t
2665:v
2654:.
2323:e
2316:t
2309:v
2289:)
2285:(
1820:)
1812:(
1635:e
1628:t
1621:v
1605:2
1521:.
1510::
1355:.
1312:.
1300::
1283:.
1073:e
1066:t
1059:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
