484:
1000:
462:
69:
725:
321:(Denis & SchiffermĂĽller) has reproductive organs and spermatophore that are morphologically similar to those of other Lepidoptera. Many females had eggs in their bulla seminalis, but they didn't entirely obstruct sperm transportation. The spermatophore's opening end has a serrulate surface with a tiny horn. These microstructures are most likely used to keep the ductus seminalis opening aligned.
799:
31:
330:
750:
of the
Phycitinae is by no means fully resolved, though there is progress towards this goal. As noted above, some genera placed in this subfamily might actually belong elsewhere; particularly some of those that cannot be assigned firmly to one of the main Phycitinae subdivisions
772:, but might include further undiscovered species. Some, on the other hand, might not be valid. Despite the review of genera progressing, the large number of Phycitinae taxa means that a lot of genera have not been reviewed since the 1956 landmark studies by
761:– generally considered the closest living relatives of the present subfamily – may thus warrant more attention, but altogether, considering the sheer size of this group, Phycitinae have not been particularly challenging as regards their
1525:
355:. They are usually inconspicuous; while the forewings of some are quite prominently patterned, even these have usually rather nondescript greyish-brown colours and in the natural environment the pattern is
1520:
Nuss, Matthias; Landry, Bernard; Mally, Richard; Vegliante, Francesca; Tränkner, Andreas; Bauer, Franziska; Hayden, James; Segerer, Andreas; Schouten, Rob; Li, Houhun; Trofimova, Tatiana;
2057:
1991:
787:
1780:
398:
contained here, this has not been thoroughly tested, and some little-known genera traditionally included in the
Phycitinae may of course simply be
1965:
773:
243:
Pyralidae). Even though the
Pyralidae subfamilies are all quite diverse, Phycitinae stand out even by standards of their family: with over 600
638:) are pests of living plants. Ecological relationships and interaction with humans is not always clear cut in this large group; the famous
337:
251:
placed here at present, they unite up more than three-quarters of living snout moth diversity. Together with the closely related
768:
New genera of
Phycitinae are still being established and others are revalidated in our time. Some genera widely recognized are
483:
1970:
1978:
1877:
587:
583:
258:
Phycitinae occur all over Earth's land masses, except in completely inhospitable areas; the majority of species has a
1931:
68:
1272:
1005:
639:
1996:
2047:
1944:
1645:
419:
292:
168:
266:, and a few species have been intentionally or unintentionally distributed by humans beyond their native range.
1612:
282:
270:
145:
1816:
1279:
550:
1830:
1579:
351:
typical of snout moths and in many cases also the tell-tale "snout" consisting of elongated and straight
1500:; it seems impossible to assign with certainty to any one of the major lineages of snout moths however.
488:
624:
of economic significance; the aforementioned genera's caterpillars infest dry vegetable foods (such as
1760:
431:
2006:
1672:"Morphology of the Reproductive Organs of Dioryctria abietella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae (Phycitinae))"
1455:
730:
399:
365:
2042:
1808:
1262:
958:
895:
809:
675:
435:
1616:
948:
438:. A useful character in the field is that the forewings of many adult Phycitinae lack one or more
2052:
1742:
1472:
1465:
1395:
1058:
804:
762:
306:
195:
63:
1435:
999:
461:
2014:
1913:
1691:
1106:
937:
847:
496:
450:
384:
352:
162:
1490:
1207:
2019:
1734:
1719:
1683:
1594:
1521:
1415:
783:
240:
1868:
1120:
1044:
817:
709:
621:
465:
48:
647:
1549:
1939:
1926:
1358:
1199:
1099:
753:
716:), which though a nuisance weed where introduced is not known to be strongly invasive.
564:
554:
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263:
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776:
391:
298:
177:
154:
1882:
798:
1983:
1952:
1862:
1738:
1720:"Phylogenetic studies and modern classification of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera)"
1496:
1425:
1375:
1318:
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1217:
1189:
1179:
1127:
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865:
830:
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629:
610:
572:
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512:
504:
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439:
423:
407:
344:
120:
690:
control, care must be taken not to harm native species of the widespread genus
1445:
1348:
1328:
1298:
1162:
1141:
1134:
1023:
913:
634:
418:
of male and female adults' wings – a single bristle composed of several
403:
311:
274:
236:
1853:
1695:
1687:
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1481:
1405:
1385:
1113:
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508:
477:
446:
427:
376:
348:
232:
130:
100:
80:
51:
43:
30:
369:, are unusually brightly coloured by moth standards, while those of genus
1900:
1892:
1847:
1761:"Caddisflies (Order: Trichoptera) - Amateur Entomologists' Society (AES)"
1671:
1224:
1037:
697:
598:
533:
528:
415:
343:
In general, Phycitinae are smallish and slender-bodied moths, resembling
259:
1905:
1365:
1068:
872:
671:
651:
616:
520:
371:
360:
356:
329:
248:
55:
1957:
426:
by which the
Phycitinae can be recognized. Furthermore, in the female
1308:
1244:
1014:
858:
679:
604:
347:(family Tineidae) in appearance, though they have the well-developed
262:
distribution however. Phycitinae have even been found on very remote
244:
110:
90:
1824:
1494:
was originally included in the
Phycitinae, as it somewhat resembles
998:
820:
of various size. Some notable genera and species are also listed:
797:
723:
659:
625:
592:
482:
460:
387:
moths" due to their bright white forewings with tiny black spots.
333:
328:
38:
571:), an originally South American plant that has spread around the
516:
411:
410:– with the sclerotised (hardened) ring around the base of
395:
255:, they are apparently the most advanced lineage of snout moths.
1828:
390:
Despite their diversity, the group is considered by and large
1580:"Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago"
889:
824:
394:
as traditionally circumscribed. Due to the sheer number of
1017:
and species whose affiliation as to tribe is unclear are:
757:) are interesting in this regard. Delimitation versus the
670:
species however, and having been introduced to comparable
453:
point forwards while
Phycitinae antennae curve backwards.
402:
and do not really belong here. Altogether however, the
269:
The subfamily was established as a systematic group by
1617:"Versuch einer naturgemäßen Eintheilung der Schaben"
816:
A large part of the subfamily is divided among four
1837:
1524:; De Prins, Jurate; Speidel, Wolfgang (2003–2020).
1526:"Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ)"
523:are utilized. This subfamily even features some
1676:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
1636:
1634:
557:, for example the stem-boring caterpillars of
1774:
1772:
1770:
1653:Bulletin of the United States National Museum
1573:
1571:
1569:
650:is quite beneficial by keeping down invasive
8:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1646:"American moths of the subfamily Phycitinae"
1825:
273:in 1839, who called them "Phycideen". The
29:
20:
788:State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe
1515:
1513:
336:of unidentified Phycitinae species from
1509:
774:United States Department of Agriculture
2058:Taxa named by Philipp Christoph Zeller
1009:, a Phycitinae with unclear affinities
507:are mostly leaf rolling, but some are
422:– are held to be characteristic
1785:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
1578:Clarke, John Frederick Gates (1986).
1390:Rebel in Staudinger & Rebel, 1901
582:Yet again others – namely the "
414:SD1 – as well as the identical
7:
2007:c03b6d98-389b-489c-8257-4bf1efa05d86
1945:9440fde9-a9e7-4dc5-a4b0-4097febaefc8
1587:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
338:Aranda, Australian Capital Territory
247:considered valid and more than 4000
978:About 150 genera, see main article
696:, many of which are highly valued
14:
1727:Revista Colombiana de EntomologĂa
1670:Fatzinger, Carl W. (1970-09-15).
1203:– broad-banded eulogia moth
840:About 64 genera, see main article
678:America, it is wreaking havoc in
742:Due to the large diversity, the
682:and the southern United States'
658:) wherever neither it nor these
67:
531:caterpillars. The latter, e.g.
375:resemble members of unrelated "
1:
608:, as well as some species of
519:feeders, and a wide range of
1258:– lima-bean vine borer
1739:10.25100/socolen.v33i1.9306
1229:Roesler & KĂĽppers, 1979
953:Roesler & KĂĽppers, 1979
569:Alternanthera philoxeroides
549:. Others have been used in
442:, usually the seventh one.
383:and like these are called "
184:
2074:
1729:(in English and Spanish).
1718:Solis, Maria Alma (2007).
1273:Morosaphycita oculiferella
1006:Morosaphycita oculiferella
640:South American cactus moth
575:to the detriment of local
489:South American cactus moth
1613:Zeller, Philipp Christoph
1440:Neunzig & Solis, 2005
708:and will for example eat
445:These moths may resemble
305:is nowadays considered a
201:
194:
183:
176:
160:
153:
64:Scientific classification
62:
37:
28:
23:
1820:, lesser cornstalk borer
1818:Elasmopalpus lignosellus
1812:, southern pine coneworm
1550:"Phycitinae | NBN Atlas"
944:(=Kobesia Roesler, 1983)
271:Philipp Christoph Zeller
1779:Savela, Markku (2011).
1599:10.5479/si.00810282.416
1343:Du, Sung & Wu, 2009
1280:Morosaphycita morosalis
1212:Du, Sung & Wu, 2005
790:, if not since longer.
662:are native, such as in
620:– are themselves
551:biological pest control
537:, can be beneficial in
363:of Phycitinae, such as
185:4 tribes (and see text)
1688:10.1093/aesa/63.5.1256
1010:
813:
739:
632:), while others (e.g.
500:
480:
430:of this subfamily the
340:
1174:C. É. Blanchard, 1852
1002:
801:
727:
686:farms. Similarly, in
644:Cactoblastis cactorum
493:Cactoblastis cactorum
486:
470:Plodia interpunctella
464:
332:
1940:Fauna Europaea (new)
1554:species.nbnatlas.org
731:Ematheudes punctella
541:, as they eat small
476:infesting chocolate
366:Oncocera semirubella
319:Dioryctria abietella
1810:Dioryctria amatella
676:Northern Hemisphere
1530:www.pyraloidea.org
1473:Unadilla humeralis
1466:Unadilla bidensana
1059:Australephestiodes
1011:
814:
805:Balanomis encyclia
740:
704:is also not fully
501:
481:
434:originates in the
341:
16:Subfamily of moths
2030:
2029:
2015:Open Tree of Life
1831:Taxon identifiers
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1107:Cavihemiptilocera
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836:
765:and systematics.
497:Dalby, Queensland
296:
286:
277:of Phycitinae is
225:
224:
219:
213:
207:
163:Tinea spissicella
149:
2065:
2048:Moth subfamilies
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1984:NHMSYS0000503745
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1682:(5): 1256–1261.
1667:
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1659:: i–viii, 1–581.
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1013:Some Phycitinae
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784:Hans Georg Amsel
688:A. philoxeroides
487:Monument to the
449:, but caddisfly
432:ductus seminalis
291:
281:
217:
211:
205:
144:
72:
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555:invasive plants
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1803:External links
1801:
1798:
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1766:
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1701:
1662:
1642:Heinrich, Carl
1630:
1604:
1593:(416): 1–485.
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565:alligator weed
563:which destroy
547:Sternorrhyncha
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424:autapomorphies
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289:Tinea sinuella
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1621:Isis von Oken
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1400:Ragonot, 1888
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1339:Pseudanabasis
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1333:Ragonot, 1887
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1323:Roesler, 1965
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1303:Neunzig, 1994
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1194:Shibuya, 1928
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1184:Ragonot, 1887
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1008:
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983:
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973:
968:
963:Ragonot, 1893
961:
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959:Spatulipalpia
956:
951:
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942:Hampson, 1930
940:
939:
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918:
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915:
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898:
897:
896:Cryptoblabini
892:
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880:
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868:
867:
863:
861:
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852:Roesler, 1968
850:
849:
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837:
835:Ragonot, 1885
833:
832:
827:
826:
821:
819:
811:
810:Cryptoblabini
807:
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793:
791:
789:
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780:Carl Heinrich
778:
775:
771:
766:
764:
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759:Epipaschiinae
756:
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737:
733:
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433:
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381:Yponomeutidae
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331:
324:
322:
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309:of the genus
308:
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284:
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272:
267:
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261:
256:
254:
253:Epipaschiinae
250:
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230:
215:
212:Hampson, 1918
209:
206:Ragonot, 1885
204:Anerastiinae
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36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1838:
1817:
1809:
1789:. Retrieved
1787:. 2019-01-05
1784:
1781:"Phycitinae"
1755:
1730:
1726:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1656:
1652:
1624:
1620:
1607:
1590:
1586:
1557:. Retrieved
1553:
1544:
1533:. Retrieved
1529:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1471:
1464:
1454:
1450:Walker, 1863
1444:
1434:
1430:Viette, 1970
1424:
1414:
1410:Walker, 1863
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1357:
1353:Guenée, 1845
1347:
1337:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1297:
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1271:
1261:
1253:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1216:
1206:
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1188:
1178:
1170:Elasmopalpus
1168:
1161:
1154:
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1140:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
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1052:Aspithroides
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1012:
1004:
993:
981:
970:
969:
957:
949:Pseudodavara
947:
936:
931:Cryptoblabes
929:
925:Turner, 1913
919:
912:
905:
894:
893:
878:
871:
864:
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845:
829:
828:
815:
803:
777:entomologist
767:
752:
741:
729:
713:
701:
691:
687:
683:
655:
648:Paraná Basin
643:
633:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
590:" of genera
581:
568:
558:
532:
505:caterpillars
502:
492:
469:
444:
408:caterpillars
392:monophyletic
389:
370:
364:
359:. Yet a few
353:labial palps
345:fungus moths
342:
318:
317:
310:
302:
299:type species
288:
278:
268:
257:
228:
226:
189:4000 species
161:
155:Type species
140:
42:
18:
1953:iNaturalist
1863:Wikispecies
1497:Monoptilota
1460:Hulst, 1890
1426:Tsaraphycis
1420:Hulst, 1890
1396:Sematoneura
1376:Salebriaria
1319:Pararotruda
1313:Rebel, 1901
1293:Amsel, 1965
1267:Horak, 1997
1255:Monoptilota
1249:Amsel, 1955
1218:Genophantis
1190:Etielloides
1180:Ephestiodes
1128:Citripestis
1093:Caristanius
866:Ernophthora
831:Anerastiini
748:systematics
736:Anerastiini
720:Systematics
714:A. sessilis
706:monophagous
668:polyphagous
646:) from the
611:Ectomyelois
588:flour moths
584:carob moths
573:Pacific Rim
539:agriculture
513:plant galls
503:Phycitinae
499:, Australia
474:caterpillar
447:caddisflies
325:Description
237:snout moths
218:Hulst, 1890
137:Subfamily:
121:Lepidoptera
24:Phycitinae
2043:Phycitinae
2037:Categories
1883:Phycitinae
1869:Phycitinae
1839:Phycitinae
1791:2020-02-12
1733:(1): 1–8.
1559:2021-12-16
1535:2020-02-12
1504:References
1349:Rhodophaea
1329:Prorophora
1299:Nevacolima
1163:Difundella
1142:Coleothrix
1135:Coenochroa
1024:Abachausia
914:Berastagia
666:. It is a
635:Dioryctria
577:ecosystems
509:inquilines
404:mesothorax
400:convergent
312:Homoeosoma
275:type genus
229:Phycitinae
216:Peoriinae
187:600 genera
141:Phycitinae
101:Arthropoda
2053:Pyralidae
1696:0013-8746
1482:Zamagiria
1436:Tumoriala
1406:Thiallela
1386:Salinaria
1114:Ceuthelea
1079:Cabotella
1031:Afromylea
1003:Imago of
972:Phycitini
921:Cryptadia
907:Balanomis
802:Imago of
770:monotypic
744:phylogeny
728:Imago of
702:A. malloi
664:Australia
543:Hemiptera
529:predatory
478:sprinkles
428:genitalia
379:" family
377:micromoth
349:proboscis
293:Fabricius
233:subfamily
178:Diversity
169:Fabricius
131:Pyralidae
87:Kingdom:
81:Eukaryota
52:Phycitini
47:species (
44:Acrobasis
1901:BugGuide
1890:BioLib:
1848:Wikidata
1747:54056954
1644:(1956).
1615:(1839).
1456:Unadilla
1416:Tlascala
1225:Gunungia
1121:Chorrera
1045:Anabasis
1038:Amyelois
938:Procunea
848:Cabniini
763:taxonomy
700:plants.
698:aquarium
672:climates
599:Ephestia
553:against
545:such as
534:Laetilia
521:habitats
451:antennae
420:acanthae
303:Phycidea
279:Phycidea
260:tropical
196:Synonyms
127:Family:
97:Phylum:
91:Animalia
77:Domain:
1854:Q142331
1491:Delcina
1366:Rumatha
1208:Furcata
1200:Eulogia
1100:Caviana
1069:Baphala
992:Genera
873:Euageta
786:of the
684:Opuntia
680:Mexican
656:Opuntia
617:Etiella
586:" and "
525:aquatic
457:Ecology
416:frenula
406:of the
372:Myelois
361:species
357:cryptic
307:synonym
287:, with
249:species
117:Order:
111:Insecta
107:Class:
56:Tourves
54:) from
2020:910676
2004:NZOR:
1971:694101
1958:122925
1932:441766
1745:
1694:
1309:Oxybia
1245:Irakia
1149:Davara
1015:genera
982:
879:
859:Cabnia
818:tribes
794:Tribes
605:Plodia
385:ermine
295:, 1794
285:, 1839
283:Zeller
245:genera
241:family
231:are a
171:, 1777
148:, 1839
146:Zeller
1997:40083
1919:93MZ3
1906:13335
1893:50019
1743:S2CID
1723:(PDF)
1649:(PDF)
1583:(PDF)
1235:Heras
1156:Didia
660:cacti
626:grain
622:pests
593:Cadra
440:veins
334:Imago
49:tribe
39:Imago
1992:NCBI
1966:ITIS
1692:ISSN
782:and
746:and
630:nuts
628:and
614:and
602:and
527:and
517:seed
412:seta
396:taxa
227:The
1979:NBN
1914:CoL
1878:AFD
1735:doi
1684:doi
1657:207
1595:doi
1591:416
1446:Ufa
674:in
515:or
511:in
495:),
297:as
235:of
2039::
2017::
1994::
1981::
1968::
1955::
1942::
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1916::
1903::
1880::
1865::
1850::
1783:.
1769:^
1741:.
1731:33
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1680:63
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